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Synergistic Inhibition Of Cyclooxygenases And Monoacylglycerol Lipase In Neuropathic Pain, Molly S. Crowe
Synergistic Inhibition Of Cyclooxygenases And Monoacylglycerol Lipase In Neuropathic Pain, Molly S. Crowe
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Neuropathic pain is caused by altered nerve function that often presents as allodynia, which is the painful perception of typically non-noxious stimuli. Neuropathic pain is commonly treated with GABA analogues, steroids, or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). NSAIDs inhibit one or more cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes and are effective, commonly used analgesics that have relatively fewer side effects than other treatments. However, chronic cyclooxygenase inhibition also causes gastrointestinal inflammation and increased risk of cardiac events. Like NSAIDs, cannabinoids have analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties and reduce neuropathic pain in preclinical models. The present study investigated the analgesic effects of inhibiting both monoacylglycerol lipase …
Experimentally-Induced Savoring And Its Impact On Positive Emotions, Cognitions, And Behaviors: Investigating Individual Differences In Effectiveness, Cara A. Palmer
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
By broadening cognitions and actions, positive affect increases our ability to engage in novel behaviors and build resources, which can lead to better social relationships, better health, more success, and increased resilience (Fredrickson, 2001). Thus, finding ways to increase and maintain positive affect and its broadening effects is essential. One way to up-regulate positive affect is by savoring, or actively trying to prolong or intensify a positive feeling. Although savoring is associated with a number of positive outcomes, the nature of the relationship between savoring, positive affect, and the resulting cognitive effects is not well explored. Furthermore, while some preliminary …
Identification Of School Physical Activity Leader Competencies Using Concept Mapping, Kiel M. Illg
Identification Of School Physical Activity Leader Competencies Using Concept Mapping, Kiel M. Illg
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Background/Purpose: Various public health and educational organizations have called for the implementation of comprehensive approaches at the state, district, and school levels to promote physical education and physical activity among children and adolescents. Proponents have argued that physical education teachers are positioned to assume the role of director of physical activity in the school setting; however many physical educators do not see directing comprehensive school physical activity programs (CSPAP) as their responsibility, nor have they been formally trained to provide this measure of leadership. Furthermore, there is limited research on CSPAPs and the associated leadership roles integral to planning, implementing, …
Explicit Disclosure In Retail Communication: Impact Of Undetermined Social Network Site Relationships On Branded Identity, Hannah R. Gnegy
Explicit Disclosure In Retail Communication: Impact Of Undetermined Social Network Site Relationships On Branded Identity, Hannah R. Gnegy
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
One of the most impactful technologies to emerge from Web 2.0 developments has been the social network site. In traditional models of branded identity, it is assumed that there is a distinction made between the retailer and consumer (de Chernatony, 1999; Kapferer, 2008). However, social network sites allow for the formation of undetermined relationships in which the underlying role of a party may be unknown.;As social network sites continue to shape retail practices, a gap in knowledge exists regarding how models of branded identity need to be modified to meet the demands of these undetermined social network site relationships. Through …
The Effect Of Allopurinol And Inosine Administration On Xanthine Oxidoreductase Gene Expression, Mitochondrial Respiration, And Inflammation In Broiler Chickens, Tabatha Settle
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Birds have a remarkable longevity for their body size despite an increased body temperature, higher metabolic rate, and increased blood glucose concentrations. Theoretically, birds should sustain a much higher degree of oxidative damage yet do not, in part due to the powerful antioxidant, uric acid. As the end-product of purine degradation, uric acid is generated in the xanthine/hypoxanthine reactions catalyzed by xanthine oxiodreductase (XOR). In the first study, inosine, a purine precursor, was fed to 3 groups of 5 birds: Group 1 was fed 0 (control), Group 2, 0.6 mols inosine/kg feed (INO) and Group 3, INO treatment plus 50 …
Development Of The West Virginia University Small Microgravity Research Facility (Wvu Smirf), Kyle G. Phillips
Development Of The West Virginia University Small Microgravity Research Facility (Wvu Smirf), Kyle G. Phillips
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
West Virginia University (WVU) has created the Small Microgravity Research Facility (SMiRF) drop tower through a WVU Research Corporation Program to Stimulate Competitive Research (PSCoR) grant on its campus to increase direct access to inexpensive and repeatable reduced gravity research. In short, a drop tower is a tall structure from which experimental payloads are dropped, in a controlled environment, and experience reduced gravity or microgravity (i.e. "weightlessness") during free fall. Currently, there are several methods for conducting scientific research in microgravity including drop towers, parabolic flights, sounding rockets, suborbital flights, NanoSats, CubeSats, full-sized satellites, manned orbital flight, and the International …
Polylactic Acid-Based Polymer Blends For Durable Applications, Adam Finniss
Polylactic Acid-Based Polymer Blends For Durable Applications, Adam Finniss
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
There has been considerable scientific interest in both research and commercial communities as of late in the area of biologically based or sourced plastics. As the consumption of petroleum rises and concerns about climate change increase, this field is likely to grow even larger. One bioplastic that has received a great deal of attention is polylactic acid (PLA). In the past, this material was used mainly in medical or specialty applications, but advancements in manufacturing have led to a desire to use PLA more widely, especially in durable applications. Unfortunately, PLA has several drawbacks that hinder more widespread usage of …
Does Cultural Self-Awareness Alter Instructional Design Decisions?, Antoinette Hando
Does Cultural Self-Awareness Alter Instructional Design Decisions?, Antoinette Hando
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
This project looks at the influence background culture has on instructional designers. Current research supports the hypothesis that background culture affects learning preferences. This study approaches cultural background from the instructional designers' point of view. Using Hofstede's Model of Cultural Dimensions as a tool for understanding how culture influences our expectations in a classroom setting a survey was sent to subjects from various cultures to see if their design style correlated to the ranking given by Hofstede. The results were that background culture influenced the experiences of the participants and could be related to Hofstede's Model of Cultural Dimensions.
Post-Translational Modifications Of The Paired Box Transcription Factor 7 (Pax7) In Satellite Cells During The Repair Of Injured Skeletal Muscle, Justin E. Sperringer
Post-Translational Modifications Of The Paired Box Transcription Factor 7 (Pax7) In Satellite Cells During The Repair Of Injured Skeletal Muscle, Justin E. Sperringer
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Satellite cells are normally a quiescent skeletal muscle stem cell pool that upon activation rapidly proliferate and differentiate to repair damaged muscle fibers. The paired box transcription factor 7 (Pax7) is the canonical biomarker for quiescent, activated, and proliferating satellite cells and is rapidly down-regulated upon differentiation into myofibers. However, the factors that regulate the modulation of Pax7 are largely unknown. Post-translational modifications to Pax7 provide a viable means to activate or deactivate this transcription factor through the signaling cascade of skeletal muscle repair and regeneration. The sirtuin 1 (Sirt1) protein, a histone deacetylase, has been shown to be involved …
Computational Strategies For Faster Combustion Simulations With Detailed Chemistry, Jose A. Escobar-Vargas
Computational Strategies For Faster Combustion Simulations With Detailed Chemistry, Jose A. Escobar-Vargas
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Combustion of fossil fuels is still the biggest source of power generation in the world. However, pollutants released to the atmosphere from combustion represent a risk for human health and the environment. Hence it is desirable to design a combustor that produces the maximum useful thermal power output while keeping low concentration levels of harmful emissions such as CO, P.M., NOx, and SOx. In the past, combustor design was aided by the compilation of large sets of experimental data and the development of empirical correlations which is an expensive process. Nowadays numerical simulations have become an important tool in the …
Low Frequency Quadrature Detector Design, Simulation And Implementation For Use In Underground Communication, Zenaneh Ashebir Kebede
Low Frequency Quadrature Detector Design, Simulation And Implementation For Use In Underground Communication, Zenaneh Ashebir Kebede
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The earth does not easily propagate high frequency signals. Low frequency, through the earth, signals would provide better penetration of the earth surface. Extremely low frequency communications has been a challenge for many years because of the underlying limitations such as significant background noise, and large antenna size. This thesis investigates the design of a compact quadrature sampling detector for extremely low frequency through the earth communication. It is hoped that a receiver such as that designed herein could receive signals at frequencies much much less than 10 kHz through the earth. Furthermore, this thesis compares the method of quadrature …
Effects Of Lipopolysaccharide Induced Inflammatory Response On Early Embryo Survival In Ewes, Megan Renee Graham
Effects Of Lipopolysaccharide Induced Inflammatory Response On Early Embryo Survival In Ewes, Megan Renee Graham
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Early pregnant ewes, 5 or 6 day post coitus (dpc) were used as a model to study early embryonic loss via gram-negative bacterial infections, such as mastitis. Ewes 5/6 dpc were injected with a gram-negative bacteria cell wall component, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-&agr;), to induce an innate immune system acute phase response (APR). The induction of the APR and its reactant molecules, such as TNF-&agr; and acute phase proteins (APP), haptoglobin (Hp) and serum amyloid A (SAA), were initiated to study their effects on embryonic loss. In addition, ewes were also injected with LPS plus dexamethasone (Dex) …
Assessment Of Hopelessness In Older Adults: The Development And Initial Validation Of The Hopelessness Inventory For Later Life (Hill), Jeffrey J. Gregg
Assessment Of Hopelessness In Older Adults: The Development And Initial Validation Of The Hopelessness Inventory For Later Life (Hill), Jeffrey J. Gregg
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Hopelessness has garnered a wealth of empirical support as an important construct in psychological assessment and treatment. It is more than a symptom of major depression; rather, hopelessness has been shown to be a strong risk factor for physical illness, suicidal behavior, and mortality. In fact, hopelessness has been found to be an independent risk factor for these negative outcomes controlling for overall depressive symptoms. Hopelessness is an especially important construct for assessment in later life, as older adults are at an elevated risk of suicide worldwide. Studies have generally supported the use of the Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS; Beck …
The Effectiveness Of Provider Training To Improve Compliance With Use Of Written Asthma Action Plans In The Care Of Patients With Asthma, Mary Sizemore
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Background/problem statement: In 2010, asthma affected 25.7 million people in the United States including 7 million children (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC], 2012). The clinical problem was providers and nurses were not documenting the use of asthma action plans in the care of patients with asthma at a rural health clinic in Wirt County, West Virginia.;Purpose: The purpose of this capstone project was to implement and evaluate a healthcare provider and nursing staff practice change related to the process of implementing training and asthma action plans for pediatric and adult patients with asthma.;Project Description with Procedures: The project …
Stoking The Flames Of Wellness: An Exploration Of Factors That Influence West Virginia Firefighters' Health Behaviors, Chelsea B. Wooding
Stoking The Flames Of Wellness: An Exploration Of Factors That Influence West Virginia Firefighters' Health Behaviors, Chelsea B. Wooding
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The concern over health and wellness among firefighters in the US has escalated recently due to increasing obesity rates, on-duty cardiovascular event risk, and job stress. Besides unique aspects of the work, a number of other barriers to health and wellness have been identified within the firefighter culture. Using a qualitative approach with multiple sources of data, the current study sought to answer the question, "what impacts the health of firefighters in West Virginia?" Eight focus groups, and Photovoice data from nine participants were inductively analyzed using guidelines from consensual qualitative research. House tours were also done to provide ethnographic …
An Examination Of Job Satisfaction Related To Generational Cohorts And Faculty Status Of West Virginia University Extension Service County Faculty, Susan K. Gamble
An Examination Of Job Satisfaction Related To Generational Cohorts And Faculty Status Of West Virginia University Extension Service County Faculty, Susan K. Gamble
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Retention of county Extension faculty has been identified as a significant challenge facing the Extension Service system across the country (ECOP LAC, 2005). There are several influences that contribute to employee turnover in the Extension Service, including: burnout, dissatisfaction with pay related to the amount of time worked, downsizing, long and abnormal work hours including nights and weekends, balancing work and family, and job stress (Boltes, Lippke, & Gregory, 1995; Bradley, Driscoll, & Bardon, 2012; ECOP LAC, 2005; Ensle, 2005; Fetsch & Kennington, 1997; Kutilek, Conklin, & Gunderson, 2002; Rousan & Henderson, 1996). Within their positions, Extension personnel are required …
A Poultry Litter Marker Gene Correlates With Pathogen And Indicator Bacteria Deposition On, Growth In And Transport From Poultry Bedding, Kameswari Sirisha Mantha
A Poultry Litter Marker Gene Correlates With Pathogen And Indicator Bacteria Deposition On, Growth In And Transport From Poultry Bedding, Kameswari Sirisha Mantha
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Poultry is one of the major contributors of inputs to U.S. environmental waters due to the large number of poultry grown per year in the U.S. and litter disposal practices. Two studies were conducted during this research: (1) to determine the temporal rate of deposition and growth or decay of microorganisms in poultry litter originating from poultry feces and (2) the release and transport of poultry litter associated microorganisms from soiled poultry litter applied as fertilizer through soil columns under simulated rainfall. First, deposition studies were conducted to evaluate the deposition rate of microorganisms on poultry bedding during the growth …
Experimental And Theoretical Studies Of Kinetics And Quality Parameters To Determine Spontaneous Combustion Propensity Of U.S. Coals, Xinyang Wang
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Spontaneous combustion is one of the most serious problems to mine safety and production in the global coal industry. It is considered to be the trigger for fires and explosions in underground coal mines especially for gassy mines. Such thermal events are not easily detectable since they normally occur in inaccessible gob and sealed area. It is also difficult to find the most likely hot point accurately. Admittedly, determination of the propensity for spontaneous combustion before mining activity should be a necessary step in the design of a mine and ventilation plan. However, due to the complexity of the chemical …
Smoking Cessation And Breastfeeding Promotion Education For Prenatal Providers In West Virginia, Kimberly Greenfield
Smoking Cessation And Breastfeeding Promotion Education For Prenatal Providers In West Virginia, Kimberly Greenfield
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Background: West Virginia has the highest prenatal smoking cessation rate in the United States and is among the states with the lowest breastfeeding rate in the nation. West Virginia also faces health disparities and limited prenatal health resources, especially in at-risk areas. In an effort to improve resources in at-risk areas of the state, the "Health Education for Prenatal Providers in Appalachia (HEPPA), using the ACOG 5As smoking cessation intervention and breastfeeding promotion, was developed for delivery to interprofessional providers. Method: The HEPPA program delivered to healthcare and social service providers in four contiguous counties was evaluated by comparing pre-test …
The Roles Of Resilience And Perceived Discrimination In Sexual Minority Identity Integration, Peter Alexander Brown
The Roles Of Resilience And Perceived Discrimination In Sexual Minority Identity Integration, Peter Alexander Brown
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Although researchers and theorists have long moved away from public disclosure of sexual minority identity (i.e. coming out) as the theoretical apex of lesbian, gay, or bisexual (LGB) identity development, it is still considered an important process of overall identity integration. Unfortunately public disclosure of sexual minority identity may be dependent upon the social environment in which disclosure occurs. Given the variable nature of social contexts, public disclosure across domains of social functioning may be problematic. Previous research has suggested that disclosure is in part more or less likely to occur based on individual appraisal of discriminative experiences (Meyer, 2013). …
The Effects Of Chronic Stress And Exercise On Mouse Pancreatic Islet Of Langerhans Morphology And Muscle Atrophy Gene Expression, Travis Parkulo
The Effects Of Chronic Stress And Exercise On Mouse Pancreatic Islet Of Langerhans Morphology And Muscle Atrophy Gene Expression, Travis Parkulo
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Chronic stress has been implicated as a possible contributing factor to the onset of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus through its negative effects on peripheral insulin sensitivity and the insulin producing beta cells of the pancreas. Exercise could serve as a possible countermeasure to the damaging effects of chronic stress due to its proven ability to increase insulin sensitivity at the level of the muscle and improve or maintain beta cell function and mass. To date, no published research has examined the effects of chronic stress in combination with voluntary wheel running on murine islet morphology and skeletal muscle atrophy. The …
Bubble Size Effects In Coal Flotation And Phosphate Reverse Flotation Using A Pico-Nano Bubble Generator, Yu Xiong
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Froth flotation is widely used in minerals industry. However, it is effective in a narrow size range, nominally 45--250 mum for coal and 10--150 mum for minerals. And the flotation performance of coal and minerals beyond this size range is not quite satisfactory. It is now recognized that the low-flotation efficiency of ultrafine particles is mainly due to the low probability of bubble-particle collision while the main reason for poor flotation recovery of coarse particles is the high probability of detachment of particles from the bubble surface.;Pico-nano bubbles refer to tiny bubbles smaller than 0.5 mum, which can be produced …
Conceptual Learning: Enhancing Student Understanding Of Physiology, Micah J. Waltz
Conceptual Learning: Enhancing Student Understanding Of Physiology, Micah J. Waltz
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Students are leaving undergraduate science programs without the knowledge and skills they are expected to have. This is apparent in professional programs, such as medical and veterinary school, where students do not possess the critical thinking skills necessary to be successful. Physiology is a required discipline for these professional programs and often before, as a pre-requisite. Physiology classrooms are an excellent place to teach critical thinking skills because the content consists of integrated processes. Therefore, in one study, it was investigated whether focusing on physiological concepts improved student understanding of physiology in both a non-physiological science course, Invertebrate Zoology, and …
The Hydroclimatology Of West Virginia Spatial And Temporal Trends And Their Relationship With The North Atlantic Oscillation, Carson Wright
The Hydroclimatology Of West Virginia Spatial And Temporal Trends And Their Relationship With The North Atlantic Oscillation, Carson Wright
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Global air temperature has risen 0.74°C over the last 100 years, and is one of several factors influencing climate and streamflow variability at global, regional, and local scales. The North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) is another important factor contributing to climate variability by influencing the intensity of storms entering the eastern US. The Southeastern US is receiving less precipitation and streamflow is decreasing while the northeastern US is receiving greater amounts of precipitation and increasing streamflows. West Virginia is typically overlooked being on the border of both of these regions; therefore the objective of this study is to fill knowledge gaps …
Functional Characterization Of Phosphodiesterase-4a In Behavior And Obesity, Rolf T. Hansen Iii
Functional Characterization Of Phosphodiesterase-4a In Behavior And Obesity, Rolf T. Hansen Iii
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Cognitive disorders such as depression, anxiety, and senescent-induced memory loss are a growing pandemic in the world. Anxiety is the most common psychiatric disorder in America, affecting upwards of 50 million people a year; depression has a lifetime prevalence of 20% of the population, and it's predicted pathological memory disorders such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) will reach exponential levels by the year 2050. While there are treatments for anxiety and depression, far less success has been reached with therapeutics for AD. Phosphodiesterases (PDEs) may be a potential novel target for future therapeutics aimed at combatting these psychiatric illnesses and neurodegenerative …
Effects Of Dietary Immunomodulation On Parasite Load In Commercial Crossbred Lambs, Rebecca Christine Price
Effects Of Dietary Immunomodulation On Parasite Load In Commercial Crossbred Lambs, Rebecca Christine Price
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Multidrug resistant gastrointestinal nematodes have left sheep producers with little options to control the detrimental effects of parasitism on their flocks. Immunomodulation has been used in many autoimmune diseases in an effort to downregulate the immune system and alleviate pathology. However, upregulation of immune responses by use of dietary immunosaccharides may allow parasite susceptible sheep to clear a Haemonchus contortus infection. To test this hypothesis, Dorset-Texel lambs were fed a ration including CelmanaxRTM at 1g/hd/day for one week prior to receiving an experimental infection of 10,000 L3 stage H. contortus larvae; which continued until the completion of the study. Increases …
The Influence Of 4-H Judging Team Participation On Career Life Skills Development, Evan H. Anderson
The Influence Of 4-H Judging Team Participation On Career Life Skills Development, Evan H. Anderson
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The purpose of the study was to determine whether participation in WV 4-H agricultural judging teams impacted life skills development. This study measured the current life skill abilities of past 4-H state judging team winners from 1995 to 2006, determined their perception of the influence involvement on a judging team had on that ability, and compared that with the importance of the various life skills in participants' current jobs. A descriptive survey was sent to the target population, who were winners of West Virginia state 4-H agricultural judging team competitions between the years of 1995 and 2006 and competed in …
Motivational Factors Contributing To The Choice Of Agriculturally Related Careers, Lacey J. Sims
Motivational Factors Contributing To The Choice Of Agriculturally Related Careers, Lacey J. Sims
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
This study examined the motivational factors of college students who have chosen to study in an agriculturally related field. A descriptive research design using an online questionnaire was used for this study to determine factors which influenced career choice. Likert scale items were used to determine how motivating certain factors were for respondents in influencing their decision to study in an agriculturally related field. The Likert items were divided into five constructs: family influence, self-motivation, experience, use of skills, and career opportunities. Items within the five constructs were further analyzed to discover the top five motivational factors identified in each …
Flexure Modulus Of Elasticity In Living Branch Wood, Aaron Dwight Carpenter
Flexure Modulus Of Elasticity In Living Branch Wood, Aaron Dwight Carpenter
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Ever increasing human populations are creating a desire, and more importantly a demand for urban forests due to a disconnection from nature as more of us become urban dwellers. Future trends predict increases in human populations which will substantially increase the amount of urban lands, especially around metropolitan areas. Urban trees are exposed to different loading regimes than similar trees growing in a traditional forest. They do not have protection from wind that is seen in the middle of a forest stand, and wind loading has been suggested as one of the more important modes of failure .;This research investigated …
Vying For Relevancy In Stockholm: American Environmental Nongovernmental Organizations And The 1972 Un Conference On The Human Environment, Andrew Brown
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
This thesis examines the roles, ideologies, strategies, and behavior of American environmental nongovernmental organizations (ENGOs) during the 1972 United Nations Conference on the Human Environment. This conference was the first major international conference to address environmental issues. The Stockholm Conference was a meeting for delegates representing national governments to dictate the direction of international environmental regulation. The conference focused on the participation of nations but ENGOs found venues through which to participate in the discussion on the human environment. In this thesis, I argue that even though the official conference limited the participation of ENGOs, these groups functioned as informal …