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Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

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Left Arm Of The Republic: The Department Of The Pacific During The Civil War, James Robbins Jewell Dec 2006

Left Arm Of The Republic: The Department Of The Pacific During The Civil War, James Robbins Jewell

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Although the Civil War was fought largely in the East it was a transcontinental war. Securing the Far West for the Union played an important, though secondary role in the northern war effort. When most of the Regular Army units were called east, holding the region and confronting the multiple threats to its security fell to the western volunteers. Through their efforts, they maintained a general stability in a vast region where both potential and actualized threats could easily have hampered Union efforts in the main theatres of war. Therefore, by quelling secessionist schemes and activities and attempting to maintain …

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Health -Related Quality Of Life In Multiple Sclerosis: Measurement, Predictors And Utilization In Routine Clinical Practice, Vivek S. Pawar Dec 2006

Health -Related Quality Of Life In Multiple Sclerosis: Measurement, Predictors And Utilization In Routine Clinical Practice, Vivek S. Pawar

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

There are a large number of patient-reported questionnaires to assess health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). In order to make a recommendation for use in clinical practice, a comparison of their psychometric properties is necessary. In addition to accurate assessment, it is also necessary to identify factors that have a significant impact on HRQoL. Further, lack of use of HRQoL information in clinical practice warrants examination of attitudes and behavior of neurologists about HRQoL assessment and their intention to consider incorporating HRQoL information in their decision making. This study collected data from patients with MS …

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Evaluation And Optimization Of Central Vision Compensation Techniques, Ahmed M. El-Sherbeeny Dec 2006

Evaluation And Optimization Of Central Vision Compensation Techniques, Ahmed M. El-Sherbeeny

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Non-costly, non-invasive, safe, and reliable electronic vision enhancement systems (EVES) and their methods have presented a huge medical and industrial demand in the early 21st century. Two unique, vision compensation and enhancement algorithms are reviewed and compared, qualitatively optimizing the view of a restricted (or truncated) image. The first is described as the convex or "fish-eye" technique, and the second is the "cartoon superimposition" or "Peli" technique (after the leading author for this research). The novelty in this dissertation is in presenting and analyzing both of these with a comparison to a novel technique, motivated by characterization of quality vision …

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A Comparison Of The Relative Efficiency Of Tracking Signals In Forecast Control, Balasubramanya Krishnamurthy Dec 2006

A Comparison Of The Relative Efficiency Of Tracking Signals In Forecast Control, Balasubramanya Krishnamurthy

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

An important aspect of forecasting system is monitoring the process for forecast accuracy. Tracking signals test is an effective detection method for occurrence of nonrandom changes. In this research, the relative efficiency of Cumulative Sum (CUSUM), Smoothed Error, Backward CUSUM, Autocorrelation and Parabolic CUSUM tracking signals were compared according to ARL1 criterion and percentage of trips detected within N periods. For simulating response to a step, 1,000 series of demands were generated, each covering run-ins of 40 periods and 75 periods after introduction of the step. The response of tracking signals to step sizes of 1sigma, 2sigma, 3sigma and a …

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Development Of A Numerical Model Of A Two-Dimensional Inertial Gas Separator, Henry Z. Graham Iv Dec 2006

Development Of A Numerical Model Of A Two-Dimensional Inertial Gas Separator, Henry Z. Graham Iv

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The separation of gases is required for a variety of applications such as purification for industrial processes, natural gas production, isotope formation, etc. Gas separation is a costly expenditure for businesses, so new and improved methods are being continuously investigated. Separation techniques related to the method in this thesis are diffusion separators such as mechanical centrifuges, vortexes and the use of shock waves to cause the separation based on the molecular weight of the different gases. These methods and others are constantly being investigated and improved to increase their effectiveness.;The purpose of this thesis was to determine if the design …

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Manufacturing, Testing, And Evaluation Of Structural Products With Recycled Polymers, Santosh Amarnath Varthakavi Dec 2006

Manufacturing, Testing, And Evaluation Of Structural Products With Recycled Polymers, Santosh Amarnath Varthakavi

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Use of recycled plastics started gaining momentum in the U.S. in 1980s due to growing environmental concerns and decreasing landfill capacities. Thermoplastics make up to 80% of the plastics produced today and are widely used in consumer, automotive, and electronic industries. Recycled plastics are being researched and employed for several non-structural and limited structural applications. However, their widespread usage will depend on developing mass manufacturing techniques, value added structural products, and cost effective processing methods. This study focuses on developing and evaluating several structural products such as rectangular grids, rectangular ribbed panels, hexagonal ribbed panels, signposts, signboards, and window panels …

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A Model Of Stabilizer Roll Bearing For A Continuous Hot-Dip Galvanizing Line, Vishnu V. Rachamalla Dec 2006

A Model Of Stabilizer Roll Bearing For A Continuous Hot-Dip Galvanizing Line, Vishnu V. Rachamalla

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The short service life of the hardware inside the molten zinc pot is often the cause for the unscheduled shutdown of a galvanizing line. The lifetime of the hardware used in these lines is not only a function of materials used but also on factors such as line speed, sheet tension, bearing contact pressure, bearing alignment, zinc pot temperature, corrosion as a function of pot chemistry, and surface finish of the materials used. Dr. James Snider has developed a comprehensive data file on the wear rate and corrosion properties of currently available bearing materials. Dr. Snider's dissertation research as well …

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An Evaluation Of Current West Virginia Specifications And Construction Methods Regarding The Density Of Hot Mix Asphalt, Andrew Rudolph Dec 2006

An Evaluation Of Current West Virginia Specifications And Construction Methods Regarding The Density Of Hot Mix Asphalt, Andrew Rudolph

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Pavement performance depends on the quality of the material, the mix design, and construction. The objectives of pavement construction are to place the material with a smooth surface, and compacted to the target density. Inadequate density permits water to enter the pavement leading to premature distress. It also can contribute to rutting as the pavement densify. A surface that is too dense is also prone to rutting.;This research evaluated methods for: measuring density, quality control, and longitudinal joint construction. Density specifications for West Virginia and surrounding states were reviewed to assess the compaction requirements for hot mix asphalt (HMA).;This research …

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The Study Of Down-Hole Hydro-Cyclone Efficiency In Oil Wells Using Computational Fluid Dynamics, Ahmed A. Yusuf Dec 2006

The Study Of Down-Hole Hydro-Cyclone Efficiency In Oil Wells Using Computational Fluid Dynamics, Ahmed A. Yusuf

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Water is by far the largest waste stream associated with oil and gas production and it is unimaginable to find an oil reservoir absolutely free from connate water. Water management has become an important issue of hydrocarbon production, since the produced water increases as the field grows older and the cost of water handling, such as separation, treatment and repair is dramatically increasing. Down-Hole Separation (DOWS) and re-injection results in the production of oil to the surface, while portions of water are injected to the underground formation without ever being lifted to the surface.;DOWS depends on geological characteristics of the …

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Assessment And Evaluation Of Noise Controls On Roof Bolting Equipment And A Method For Predicting Sound Pressure Levels In Underground Coal Mining, Rudy J. Matetic Dec 2006

Assessment And Evaluation Of Noise Controls On Roof Bolting Equipment And A Method For Predicting Sound Pressure Levels In Underground Coal Mining, Rudy J. Matetic

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Over-exposure to noise remains a widespread and serious health hazard in the U.S. mining industries despite 25 years of regulation. Every day, 80% of the nation's miners go to work in an environment where the time weighted average (TWA) noise level exceeds 85 dBA and more than 25% of the miners are exposed to a TWA noise level that exceeds 90 dBA, the permissible exposure limit (PEL). Additionally, MSHA coal noise sample data collected from 2000 to 2002 show that 65% of the equipment whose operators exceeded 100% noise dosage comprise only seven different types of machines; auger miners, bulldozers, …

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Perspectives Of 12th Grade Students, Their Families, And School Officials Related To Affordability And Accessibility Of The West Virginia Promise Scholarship Program At Logan High School, Craig S. Mcclellan Dec 2006

Perspectives Of 12th Grade Students, Their Families, And School Officials Related To Affordability And Accessibility Of The West Virginia Promise Scholarship Program At Logan High School, Craig S. Mcclellan

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

With only 14% of West Virginia's population over 25 years old possessing a bachelor's degree, the lack of a skilled workforce often thwarted state legislators' attempts to attract new industry to the state's struggling economy. To address workforce qualification concerns, state educational stakeholders implemented a merit-based scholarship program with average requirements in 2002. The West Virginia PROMISE (Providing Real Opportunities for Maximizing In-state Student Excellence) Scholarship Program goals include encouraging high school students to work harder, and to entice more graduates to attempt post-secondary work at in-state institutions.;This qualitative study was designed to discover the perceptions of five high school …

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Identifying *Assessment Practices In Undergraduate Accounting Programs, Anna L. Lusher Dec 2006

Identifying *Assessment Practices In Undergraduate Accounting Programs, Anna L. Lusher

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The researcher conducted a survey of 786 baccalaureate accounting programs in the United States to determine the content and structure of their assessment plans. The study focused on five essential workplace skills: critical thinking, information literacy, oral communication, problem solving, and written communication. It examined the accounting programs and related assessment plans to determine whether the identified skills were integrated into the curriculum and were identified as learning outcomes in the assessment process. The study evaluated how faculty assess students' skills and how assessment results are used to make changes in programs and to improve student learning. The research also …

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Afferent Regulation Of A15 Dopamine Neurons In The Ewe, Adrienne L. Bogusz Dec 2006

Afferent Regulation Of A15 Dopamine Neurons In The Ewe, Adrienne L. Bogusz

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Ovine reproduction is characterized by a breeding season and an anestrous season. Seasonal anestrus is induced by increased responsiveness of the GnRH neurosecretory system to estrogen (E) negative feedback. Previous studies have shown that inhibitory A15 dopamine neurons mediate this increased sensitivity to E, however, these neurons lack E receptors. In this thesis we performed three experiments. For experiment 1 we looked at the specific sites of actions that thyroid hormones act to cause neuronal plasticity of A15 DA neurons, utilizing dual-labeled immunocytochemistry. The results of this study demonstrated no change in dendrite morphology or the number of close contacts …

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Stratigraphic And Structural Analysis Of The J1 Sandstone, Scotts Bluff Trend, Scotts Bluff And Morrill Counties, Nebraska, Jeremy M. Wolpert Dec 2006

Stratigraphic And Structural Analysis Of The J1 Sandstone, Scotts Bluff Trend, Scotts Bluff And Morrill Counties, Nebraska, Jeremy M. Wolpert

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Scotts Bluff Trend is a group of 10 oil fields that produce from the Cretaceous J Sandstone. Production was previously thought to be aligned along this trend due to structural influence.;For this study well logs were utilized in analyzing structural and stratigraphic elements, as well as hydrocarbon predictability. The Scotts Bluff Trend appears to sit upon a residual structural high. A comprehensive look reveals that stratigraphic influence is superimposed on the structural high.;J1 Sandstone reservoirs were mapped assuming a NW--SE depositional trend. Deposition was in a shallow-marine bar environment. Central-bar, bar-margin and interbar facies are recognized which interfinger laterally into …

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Modulation Of Gene Expression And Dna Adduct Formation By Chlorophyllin In Human Mammary Cells Exposed To Benzopyrenes, Kaarthik John Dec 2006

Modulation Of Gene Expression And Dna Adduct Formation By Chlorophyllin In Human Mammary Cells Exposed To Benzopyrenes, Kaarthik John

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This study investigated metabolic activation by benzopyrenes (BP and B[e]P) in human mammary cells and modulation by chlorophyllin (CHL, a chemopreventive agent). Among 6 NHMEC strains monitored using microarrays, 54 genes were up-regulated and 11 down-regulated by signal log ratio (SLR) ≥ 1.5 on treatment with BP alone. Pre CHL + post BP+CHL treatment up-regulated the expression of 129 genes and down-regulated those of 35 genes by SLR ≥ 1.5. Studies on CYP1 gene induction and BP-DNA adduct formation among 20 NHMECs revealed wide inter-individual variations both in the induction (3-96-fold for CYP1A1 and 4-43-fold for CYP1B1, respectively) and modulation …

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Lossless Compression And Neuron Structure Extraction For Fluorescence Microscopy Confocal Neuron Images, Yong Zhang Dec 2006

Lossless Compression And Neuron Structure Extraction For Fluorescence Microscopy Confocal Neuron Images, Yong Zhang

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

To study the development of nervous systems, biologists are interested in neurite outgrowth, differentiation, synapse formation, and plasticity. High throughput neuron image processing is an important method for drug screening and quantitative neurobiological studies. The power of high-throughput processing comes from the automated fluorescence microscopy imaging techniques that make it possible and facile to visualize the complicated biological processes on the cellular and molecular levels and allow fast and cheap acquisition of such imaging data. With this method, a huge number of images are generated, with resolutions at length scales that are small enough to resolve neuron structures. Thus, one …

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The Association Between Aggressive Behaviors And Academic Self-Esteem Of Preschool Children, Chrische' Marie Walker Dec 2006

The Association Between Aggressive Behaviors And Academic Self-Esteem Of Preschool Children, Chrische' Marie Walker

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The intent of this study was to investigate the association between preschooler's aggressiveness behavior and their academic self-esteem in the classrooms. The participants in this study consisted of 63 preschoolers who attended the West Virginia University Laboratory Nursery School or the Pierpont Christian Preschool during the school year of 2005-2006. The preschoolers were rated by their teachers at each school on their student initiative, social attraction, success/failure, social attraction, self-confidence on the Behavioral Academic Self-Esteem Scale (BASE) and their aggressiveness with peers on the Child Behavior Scale (CBS).;Results of the study indicated that the preschooler's academic self-esteem and aggressive behaviors …

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Applying Stages Of Change Theory To An Acute Pain Situation: Development Of The Childbirth Stages Of Change Questionnaire (Csocq), Rebecca K. Widoe Dec 2006

Applying Stages Of Change Theory To An Acute Pain Situation: Development Of The Childbirth Stages Of Change Questionnaire (Csocq), Rebecca K. Widoe

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Various self-management methods and pharmacological agents are available to relieve childbirth pain. Decisions about pain management during labor have medical, psychological, and sociological ramifications, yet research investigating the selection of childbirth pain management strategies is scarce. The purpose of the current study was to develop a self-report instrument, the Childbirth Stages of Change Questionnaire (CSOCQ), to assess a pregnant woman's readiness to self-manage childbirth pain. Items representative of five levels of readiness were generated by experts. Next, 3 pregnant women evaluated items for content validity. A pilot CSOCQ was administered to 536 undergraduate women. Factor analysis and item-reliabilities were conducted …

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Child Distress During Immunization: The Influence Of Child And Parent Individual Difference Variables, Melissa Demore Dec 2006

Child Distress During Immunization: The Influence Of Child And Parent Individual Difference Variables, Melissa Demore

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Routine childhood immunization injections result child distress, which may have lasting negative effects on children, parents, and staff, and impact adherence to schedules of immunization. Aims of the current study were to (a) examine the role of child and parent individual difference variables in relation to child immunization distress, and (b) determine whether child distress predicts future immunization schedule adherence.;Parents of 50 children (aged 12--18 months) attending a visit to a pediatric medical clinic for purposes of immunization completed measures of child temperament, parent psychopathology, immunization beliefs, and prior medical distress of the child. Child distress during the immunization injection …

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The Effects Of Age, Instructions, And Problem Content On Everyday Problem -Solving Outcome Using Two Scoring Procedures, Tara L. Neely Dec 2006

The Effects Of Age, Instructions, And Problem Content On Everyday Problem -Solving Outcome Using Two Scoring Procedures, Tara L. Neely

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Prior literature has relied on varied methodology to infer conclusions about adult problem solvers; possibly leading to erroneous assumptions about everyday problem-solving performance in adulthood. The present study examined everyday problem-solving performance of 133 younger, middle-aged, and older adults. The goal of the study was to investigate whether different scoring procedures (number vs. strategy type) or participant instructions (self target vs. others target) affected how adults performed on two types of open-ended problem-solving vignettes (home vs. friend problem domains). Differential age patterns were found when comparing the number and types of strategies reported. When assessing total number of solutions generated, …

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Effectiveness Of "Counseling As A Related Service" In Hawaii's Public Schools As Measured By The Behavior Assessment System For Children, Second Edition (Basc-2), Gregory A. Lobb Dec 2006

Effectiveness Of "Counseling As A Related Service" In Hawaii's Public Schools As Measured By The Behavior Assessment System For Children, Second Edition (Basc-2), Gregory A. Lobb

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This study examined the effectiveness of "counseling as a related service" in Hawaii's public schools by examining the improvement on a teacher rating scale and also examining counseling minutes received by these same students. This study utilized 346 students receiving Level 4 and Level 5 services who were first refereed for "counseling as a related service" during the first quarter of 2055. Improvement is measured using the Behavioral Assessment System for Children, Second Edition (BASC-2) (Reynolds & Kamphaus, 2004). Findings revealed that counseling interventions indicated statistically significant change in T Scores on the BASC-2 from Pre assessment to Post assessment. …

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Enhanced Iris Recognition: Algorithms For Segmentation, Matching And Synthesis, Samir Shah Dec 2006

Enhanced Iris Recognition: Algorithms For Segmentation, Matching And Synthesis, Samir Shah

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This thesis addresses the issues of segmentation, matching, fusion and synthesis in the context of irises and makes a four-fold contribution. The first contribution of this thesis is a post matching algorithm that observes the structure of the differences in feature templates to enhance recognition accuracy. The significance of the scheme is its robustness to inaccuracies in the iris segmentation process. Experimental results on the CASIA database indicate the efficacy of the proposed technique. The second contribution of this thesis is a novel iris segmentation scheme that employs Geodesic Active Contours to extract the iris from the surrounding structures. The …

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Forecasting Truck Traffic Growth At West Virginia Non-Interstate Highways, Sundeep Gopisetty Dec 2006

Forecasting Truck Traffic Growth At West Virginia Non-Interstate Highways, Sundeep Gopisetty

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Reliable estimates of truck volumes are important in transportation planning and design applications, such as pavement design and management. This study evaluates different statistical methods based on their accuracy and data requirements, to calculate the truck growth rates by developing statistical models. Nine years of data from 1995 to 2003 was used to develop these models for calculating the truck growth rates at non-interstate highways of West Virginia. The literature review and the current practices for the state DOT was conducted to better understand and select the different forecasting methods that could be applicable to the given data. As a …

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One-Dimensional Computer Modeling Of Electrical Conductivity Through Methane And Synthesis Gas Flames, Jonathan Patrick Lilly Dec 2006

One-Dimensional Computer Modeling Of Electrical Conductivity Through Methane And Synthesis Gas Flames, Jonathan Patrick Lilly

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The purpose of this work has been to produce and test simulation software to accurately model the effects of charged species and applied electric fields on the current conducted through methane and methane-doped synthesis gas flames. Comparison with existing experimental data generated at NETL has been conducted on a variety of published reaction mechanisms.

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Efficient Simulation Of Communication Systems On A Desktop Grid, Raja Sekhar Katuri Dec 2006

Efficient Simulation Of Communication Systems On A Desktop Grid, Raja Sekhar Katuri

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Simulation is an important part of the design cycle of modern communication systems. As communication systems grow more sophisticated, the computational burden of these simulations can become excessive. The need to rapidly bring systems to market generally precludes the use of a single computer, and drives a demand for parallel computation. While this demand could be satisfied by the development of dedicated infrastructure, a more efficient option is to harness the unused computational cycles of underutilized desktop computers located throughout the organization.;In this thesis, a new paradigm for parallelizing communication simulations is proposed and developed. A desktop grid is created …

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Finite Element Analysis Of Low-Profile Frp Bridge Deck (Prodeck 4), Siva Kumar Boyapati Dec 2006

Finite Element Analysis Of Low-Profile Frp Bridge Deck (Prodeck 4), Siva Kumar Boyapati

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

FRPs (Fiber Reinforced Polymers) are lightweight and an innovative alternative to conventional materials like steel and concrete in Structural engineering. Pultruded FRP bridge decks have many advantages compared to conventional concrete decks especially in bridge engineering. In this study a finite element model of a 4"-thick low profile FRP bridge deck made of E-glass fiber and vinyl ester resin, having a fiber volume fraction of approximately 50% and weighing about 10 lb/ft2 is developed using the finite element software ANSYS. The bridge deck modeled is subjected to a central patch load, and the finite element results such as deflections, strains …

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Evaluation Of A Tube Feeding Decision Aid For Substitute Decision Makers, Emily H. Bower Dec 2006

Evaluation Of A Tube Feeding Decision Aid For Substitute Decision Makers, Emily H. Bower

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Substitute decision makers may be in a position to make "preference-sensitive" decisions for their patient, including whether to approve tube feeding. The present study evaluated the only known tube feeding decision aid for substitute decision makers (Mitchell, Tetroe, & O'Conner, 2001). Sixty adults completed a pre-questionnaire, read an active control brochure (control group) or decision aid (experimental group), and completed a post-questionnaire. Both groups demonstrated increased knowledge and decisional conflict at post-test, although the experimental group had higher scores in both. Participants who were either in favor or against tube feeding at pre-test rarely changed their decision at post-test. Control …

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The Effect Of Student Self -Described Learning Styles Within Two Models Of Teaching In An Introductory Data Mining Course, Matthew A. North Dec 2006

The Effect Of Student Self -Described Learning Styles Within Two Models Of Teaching In An Introductory Data Mining Course, Matthew A. North

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This dissertation examines the roles of learning styles and teaching methodologies within a data mining educational program designed for non-Computer Science undergraduate college students. The experimental design is framed by a discussion of the history and development of data mining and education, as well as a vision for its future.;Data mining is a relatively new discipline which has grown out of the fields of database management and data warehousing, statistics, logic, and decision sciences. Over the course of its approximately 15 year history, data mining has emerged from its genesis within the academic and commercial research and development arenas to …

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Development Of Fpga Based Low-Power Digital Pulse Height Fitting, Santosh Hooli Dec 2006

Development Of Fpga Based Low-Power Digital Pulse Height Fitting, Santosh Hooli

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Energetic ion analyzers and mass spectrometers commonly produce electronic pulses whose amplitude and time depend on the energy, mass, and direction of an incoming ion. Analysis of the nanosecond scale timing and amplitude of these approximately 10-12C charge pulses has required complex, fast analog electronics. Given recent advances in digital electronics, it seems likely that converting much of the analysis to digital form will result in a simpler, lower cost, and lower power electron package. The aim of the thesis is to develop an algorithm to fit a 500 ns long noisy voltage pulse obtained from an ion analyzer to …

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Model-Based Risk Assessment, Walid M. Abdelmoez Dec 2006

Model-Based Risk Assessment, Walid M. Abdelmoez

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

In this research effort, we focus on model-based risk assessment. Risk assessment is essential in any plan intended to manage software development or maintenance process. Subjective techniques are human intensive and error-prone. Risk assessment should be based on architectural attributes that we can quantitatively measure using architectural level metrics. Software architectures are emerging as an important concept in the study and practice of software engineering nowadays, due to their emphasis on large-scale composition of software product, and to their support for emerging software engineering paradigms, such as product line engineering, component based software engineering, and software evolution.;In this dissertation, we …

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