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Parametric Study Of A Single Pdc Cutter With A Numerical Model, Ozge Sunal May 2009

Parametric Study Of A Single Pdc Cutter With A Numerical Model, Ozge Sunal

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Single cutter models constitute a cornerstone to understand the cutting process while drilling. There are various experimental and numerical studies on simulating cutting behavior of a single cutter in order to optimize drilling performance. In this study, the numerical model developed to analyze single PDC cutter performance was verified with the experimental data. Numerous runs with different model properties and rock post failure properties were conducted for the purpose of creating a model that works accurately in different conditions. The data used in this study for model verification was obtained from an experimental study reported in the literature. The study …

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Influence Of Accelerator Pedal Position Control On Heavy Duty Diesel Engine Emissions And Performance, Michael Ursic May 2009

Influence Of Accelerator Pedal Position Control On Heavy Duty Diesel Engine Emissions And Performance, Michael Ursic

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Heavy-duty diesel engines (HDDEs) typically burn hydrocarbon fuels and as a result their emissions cause harmful products of combustion to be emitted into the atmosphere. Due to these harmful emissions, the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has created strict emissions standards for these heavy-duty engine manufacturers to meet. Engine manufacturers strive to meet these stringent standards while maintaining performance requirements set forth by the consumer. The EPA currently mandates laboratory testing of all HDDE families on an engine dynamometer utilizing a standard testing procedure. One standard testing procedure that HDDEs must execute is commonly known as a Federal Testing …

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The Effect Of An Applied Behavior Analysis Based Treatment On The Participation Of A Kindergarten Student With Autism Spectrum Disorder In A General Education Classroom, Brandi Slider May 2009

The Effect Of An Applied Behavior Analysis Based Treatment On The Participation Of A Kindergarten Student With Autism Spectrum Disorder In A General Education Classroom, Brandi Slider

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This project was developed with the intention of helping to integrate a child diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder more fully into a general education classroom. The study was a single case design experiment employing a multiple-baseline design across situations intended to increase appropriate participation and decrease inappropriate participation. The Competent Learner Model was used as a tool to develop observation skills and to identify target behaviors to change for the learner. An Applied Behavior Analysis based token-economy system served as the intervention, utilizing stickers in exchange for preferred activities. The intervention was applied at three intervals across two situations with …

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Predictors Of Anticipated Parenting Efficacy In Younger Adults, Danielle K. Tomczewski May 2009

Predictors Of Anticipated Parenting Efficacy In Younger Adults, Danielle K. Tomczewski

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Prior research has indicated that anticipated parenting efficacy, the degree to which individuals perceive that they will be an effective parent, predicts their later parenting competency (Coleman et al., 2002; Teti & Gelfand, 1991). Although additional correlates of parenting efficacy have been identified, such as knowledge of childhood development (Conrad, Gross, Fogg, & Ruchala, 1992) and prior contact with children (Coleman & Karraker, 2000; Williams et al., 1987), little research has examined the predictors of anticipated parenting efficacy. The current study examined anticipated parenting efficacy in a sample of 481 younger adults. Participants completed self-administered on-line surveys related to their …

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Behavioral Inhibition And Behavioral Activation In College Students: The Effects Of Aversive Control, Chad S. Brice May 2009

Behavioral Inhibition And Behavioral Activation In College Students: The Effects Of Aversive Control, Chad S. Brice

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Negative reinforcement is utilized in many contexts in our society but its differential effects in relation to individual differences are rarely studied. It is very similar in form to punishment in that they are both forms of aversive control, and only differs in the sense that negative reinforcement is a technique utilized to increase rather than reduce a behavior. Researchers, starting with Gray, have shown that individuals higher in inhibition and anxiety are more responsive to punishment, while individuals who are more impulsive are more sensitive to rewards. The positive relation between anxiety and sensitivity to punishment suggests that individuals …

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Agent Based Modeling Of Power Distribution Systems, Sridhar Chouhan May 2009

Agent Based Modeling Of Power Distribution Systems, Sridhar Chouhan

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The electric power system is a very vast network and becoming more complex each day. The traditional vertically monopolistic structure has been deregulated and replaced by gencos, transcos and, discos; increasing the power system intricacy. During the past few decades there has been remarkable development in software and hardware technologies for the analysis and design activities in power system planning, operation, and control. However, much still depends on the judgment of human experts. A single fault in power system can lead to multiple faults and can collapse the whole system. Power System needs a more decentralized control mechanism for solving …

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An Investigation Into The Theoretical And Analytical Basis For The Spread Of Airborne Influenza, John B. Redrow May 2009

An Investigation Into The Theoretical And Analytical Basis For The Spread Of Airborne Influenza, John B. Redrow

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

With the threat of a pandemic drawing near and the possibility of a "new", more deadly, form of the influenza virus from genetic re-assortment of avian and human influenza viruses, there is dire need for a better understanding of the transmission mechanisms of this virus. The present study focuses on the aerosol mode of transmission, particularly via the mechanism of human cough. Utilizing computational fluid dynamics (CFD), an in-house code was developed to model the transport of a sputum droplet (cough expectorant) within a jet of air (representative of a human cough). A parametric study was conducted using the model, …

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Numerical Modeling Of Nitrogen Injection Into Gas Condensate Reservoir, Candace L. Subero May 2009

Numerical Modeling Of Nitrogen Injection Into Gas Condensate Reservoir, Candace L. Subero

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Gas-condensate reservoirs differ from dry-gas reservoirs. Gas condensate production is predominantly gas from which a quantity of liquid is condensed; the amount condensed being based on the gas-oil-ratio, GOR, in surface separators. Condensate dropout occurs in the reservoir as the pressure falls below dew-point, as a result of which, the liquid production decreases significantly and the condensate formed in the reservoir is also unrecoverable. Injection and cycling of dry natural gas has been used to enhance the condensate production from these reservoirs. However natural gas has become more valuable and alternative gases must be investigated. One of such gas is …

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Plagiarism In High Schools: A Case Study Of How Teachers Address A Perpetual Dilemma, Geraldine J. Newlon May 2009

Plagiarism In High Schools: A Case Study Of How Teachers Address A Perpetual Dilemma, Geraldine J. Newlon

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This was a multiple case study of all the 12th grade English teachers in one West Virginia county school system. Qualitative data collection methods involving teacher interviews and analysis of classroom handouts were utilized to reveal how they address plagiarism. Demographic statistics about the communities and schools was examined to enable comparisons between the schools and the participants. The research questions guiding this study were: (a) What are secondary English teachers' perspectives on plagiarism, and (b) What are secondary English teachers' practices on plagiarism. Data were collected and analyzed for any patterns, extremes, or relevancy to the related literature. Then …

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How Do College/University Teacher Misbehaviors Influence Student Cognitive Learning, Academic Self-Efficacy, Motivation, And Curiosity?, Sara R. Banfield May 2009

How Do College/University Teacher Misbehaviors Influence Student Cognitive Learning, Academic Self-Efficacy, Motivation, And Curiosity?, Sara R. Banfield

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The purpose of this research was to examine the relationship between teacher misbehaviors and a variety of outcome variables, including cognitive learning, motivation, curiosity, and academic self-efficacy. Research has yet to directly address how teacher misbehaviors affect cognitive learning. It is important to assess actual learning as opposed to perceived learning to truly measure how a students' learning is influenced by the negative behaviors. Motivation, curiosity, and academic self-efficacy have been found to have a positive relationship with learning. When misbehaviors were present cognitive learning and motivation were not found to be significantly influenced by misbehaviors. Academic self-efficacy and curiosity …

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Measuring And Changing Negative Stuttering Stereotypes In Adolescents, Timothy W. Flynn May 2009

Measuring And Changing Negative Stuttering Stereotypes In Adolescents, Timothy W. Flynn

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Stuttering is known to carry stereotypes, e.g., that people who stutter are nervous, anxious, and shy. Research has shown that negative stereotypes about people who stutter exist within the general population. Moreover, negative stereotypes exist among teachers, students, speech-language pathologists, and even the parents of people who stutter. While public opinion of stuttering does not vary dramatically between populations, the ways in which we might change it does. Research has shown that educational videos, books, and classes about stuttering do not appear to significantly alter public opinion positively.;This study compared the effectiveness of two forms of advocacy, a live presentation …

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Capacitive Sensor Technology For Polyethylene Pipe Fault Detection, Travis W. Kirby May 2009

Capacitive Sensor Technology For Polyethylene Pipe Fault Detection, Travis W. Kirby

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This work develops a Finite Element Analysis simulation to determine if capacitive sensors can be used to detect defects in polyethylene gas distribution pipes. Currently, there is no in ground detection system to find the defect. Catastrophic results can occur if gas leaks are present and ignite. Finite Element Analysis (FEA) software will be used to simulate how different shapes and sizes of capacitive sensors affect the electric field, which affect capacitance when the dielectric of a material changes. An optimal electrode size and shape was chosen from these simulations, built, and tested at the Battelle Pipeline Safety Research & …

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An Experimental Analysis Of Preference For Rate Building, Andrew R. Lightner May 2009

An Experimental Analysis Of Preference For Rate Building, Andrew R. Lightner

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Educational research suggests that rate-building procedures produce superior academic performance and are preferred by participants when compared to traditional methods. However, these studies have not controlled for critical variables, such as practice, that might influence preference and performance. The current study compared two conditions using behavioral performance and preference measures; one condition had a correct response rate criterion and the other had an overall correct response criterion. Reinforcement and feedback were held constant across conditions. Most participants preferred the condition that did not have a rate criterion. Performance outcomes produced by the two conditions were not substantially different. This implies …

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Design And Testing Of The Wvu Challenge X Competition Hybrid Diesel Electric Vehicle, Howard Andrew Mearns May 2009

Design And Testing Of The Wvu Challenge X Competition Hybrid Diesel Electric Vehicle, Howard Andrew Mearns

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The WVU Challenge X Team was tasked with improving the fuel economy of a 2005 Chevrolet Equinox while maintaining the stock performance of the vehicle. A through-the-road-parallel hybrid diesel-electric was implemented to accomplish this goal. The greatest potential for improvement to hybrid electric vehicle technology is in energy storage in terms of cost, size, lifespan, and efficiency. Currently, battery cost is limited by the expense of the base materials. The characteristically low power density of electrochemical energy storage rather than energy density is responsible for the size of current hybrid energy storage systems. A limited lifespan is inherent in electrochemical …

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Overweight Adolescents In West Virginia Report Healthier Diet Choices After A Two-Week Residential Camp, Heidi Jo Schoeppner May 2009

Overweight Adolescents In West Virginia Report Healthier Diet Choices After A Two-Week Residential Camp, Heidi Jo Schoeppner

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

As the number of overweight adolescents in the United States continues to grow, effective methods of treatment intervention need to be established. The objective of this study was to determine if various methods of nutrition education is an effective approach to teach overweight 10-14 year-old adolescents (BMI ≥85th percentile on the CDC's growth charts) in West Virginia to make healthier food choices. Twenty-four adolescents were recruited through schools, physician offices, and community programs to attend a two-week residential lifestyle-modification camp with three follow-up weekends over the next 12 months. Prior to attending the initial camp session, subjects were asked to …

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The Effects Of A Randomized Four-Week Graston Instrumented-Assisted Soft Tissue Mobilization (Gistm) Dynamic Balancing-Training Program On Individuals With Chronic Ankle Instability, Jessica L. Schaefer May 2009

The Effects Of A Randomized Four-Week Graston Instrumented-Assisted Soft Tissue Mobilization (Gistm) Dynamic Balancing-Training Program On Individuals With Chronic Ankle Instability, Jessica L. Schaefer

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Context. Despite case reports and clinical studies, there have been no experimental studies conducted on Graston Instrumented-Assisted Soft Tissue Mobilization (GISTM) technique and the effects on chronic ankle instability. Most of the clinical studies and case reports that have been conducted have used animals and human subjects for lateral epicondylitis, and patellar, rotator cuff and achilles tendinopathy. Since only a case report exists in the literature for chronic ankle instability using GISTM, the intent of this study is to further evaluate the effects of GISTM and dynamic postural balance on improvements in healing and function. Objective. The present study aims …

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Predictive Modeling Techniques With Application To The Cerulean Warbler (Dendroica Cerulea) In The Appalachian Mountains Bird Conservation Region, Matthew Buhrl Shumar May 2009

Predictive Modeling Techniques With Application To The Cerulean Warbler (Dendroica Cerulea) In The Appalachian Mountains Bird Conservation Region, Matthew Buhrl Shumar

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Many statistical approaches have been used for developing predictive models for wildlife presence/absence and abundance, each with varying levels of accuracy and complexity. As concerns for declining species intensify and anthropogenic impacts on habitats increase, the ability to quickly quantify and map species distributions and abundances over large regions will become increasingly important. To date, there is no set of best practices for modeling specific wildlife groups. My primary objectives with this thesis were to (1) compare model techniques for ease of use and accuracy, and (2) compare resolution of species occurrence data and its effect on model accuracy.;For the …

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Implications For The Use Of Osmia Cornifrons (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae) As Pollinators, Joseph Brent White May 2009

Implications For The Use Of Osmia Cornifrons (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae) As Pollinators, Joseph Brent White

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The Japanese hornfaced bees, Osmia cornifrons (Radoszkowski) (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae), is a key pollinator of spring blooming fruit crops such as apple, pear and blueberry. To maximize pollination efficiency, two implications must be considered. First, diapause termination of overwintering O. cornifrons adults needs to be synchronized with the bloom of the target trees because adult bees are active as pollinators for only a few weeks. Patterns of temperature-dependent diapause termination of O. cornifrons were modeled and simulated with linear and non-linear regression analyses. Results of the study indicated the upper and lower developmental thresholds, as well as the optimum temperature for …

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Establishing The Digital Chain Of Evidence In Biometric Systems, Nick Bartlow May 2009

Establishing The Digital Chain Of Evidence In Biometric Systems, Nick Bartlow

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Traditionally, a chain of evidence or chain of custody refers to the chronological documentation, or paper trail, showing the seizure, custody, control, transfer, analysis, and disposition of evidence, physical or electronic. Whether in the criminal justice system, military applications, or natural disasters, ensuring the accuracy and integrity of such chains is of paramount importance. Intentional or unintentional alteration, tampering, or fabrication of digital evidence can lead to undesirable effects. We find despite the consequences at stake, historically, no unique protocol or standardized procedure exists for establishing such chains. Current practices rely on traditional paper trails and handwritten signatures as the …

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Laser Induced Fluorescence Studies Of Ion Acceleration In Single And Multiple Species Expanding Plasmas, Ioana A. Biloiu May 2009

Laser Induced Fluorescence Studies Of Ion Acceleration In Single And Multiple Species Expanding Plasmas, Ioana A. Biloiu

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Ion acceleration in single (Ar) and two positive ion species plasmas (Ar-Xe and He-Ar) has been investigated through laser induced fluorescence (LIF) measurements of the ion velocity distribution function (ivdf). The investigations focused on the expansion region of a helicon plasma source where, for certain operating conditions (pressure in the source less than 2 mTorr, rf driving frequency of 9.5 MHz, source axial magnetic field strength of 700 G, and expansion chamber magnetic field strength between 0 and 70 G), an electric double layer (EDL) was observed to form. In pure argon plasma, 4 cm upstream from the helicon source-expansion …

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Three Essays On The Nature And Impact Of Legislative Tenure, Matt E. Ryan May 2009

Three Essays On The Nature And Impact Of Legislative Tenure, Matt E. Ryan

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This dissertation is an examination of the nature and effects of legislative tenure. Specifically, I analyze the role of tenure at the federal level, in the United States Congress. The first chapter provides a background on nature of legislators and the roles that United States Congressmen play in the American economy, the three main questions that this dissertation looks to address, and describes the unique dataset that belies this research. Chapter 2 is an in-depth analysis on the nature of accrued legislative tenure throughout the entire history of the United States Congress. The second chapter then explores possible explanations for …

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The Effects Of Active Living Every Day Online On Physical Activity, Amy M. Sidwell May 2009

The Effects Of Active Living Every Day Online On Physical Activity, Amy M. Sidwell

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a 14-week intervention based on Active Living Every Day (ALED) Online. Outcomes of the 14-week online program and the process of delivering the program were analyzed. Outcome considerations included: whether ALED Online increased physical activity among participants (as measured through step counts), whether physiological changes (cholesterol and body mass index) were apparent throughout the intervention, and whether participants progressed or regressed through the Stages of Change (SOC). Process measures included examining the nature of retention of participants in the program and the quality of participants' responses to the "Life …

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The Best Leadership Practices Of Principals In High Performing And High Poverty Schools In Ohio, Mark Furda May 2009

The Best Leadership Practices Of Principals In High Performing And High Poverty Schools In Ohio, Mark Furda

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The current accountability movement faced by schools throughout the country has prompted educators to close the achievement gap or else face a barrage of federal, state, and public backlash. Schools which have met overall standards will not be considered successful unless they have done something to close the achievement gap. The gaps generally occur among the economically disadvantaged students, minority groups, and those with learning disabilities. The subgroup of particular interest for this research is low socio-economic status students (SES). Principals are the instructional leaders of their buildings. This research focuses on how school leaders are helping disadvantaged students.;To determine …

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The Development, Diffusion And Evaluation Of A Fall Hazard Safety Training Program For Residential Construction Workers Utilizing Instructor Led And New Media Delivery, Mark D. Fullen May 2009

The Development, Diffusion And Evaluation Of A Fall Hazard Safety Training Program For Residential Construction Workers Utilizing Instructor Led And New Media Delivery, Mark D. Fullen

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The numbers of workers in the residential construction industry are on the rise. Falls have continually been the largest contributor to residential construction worker deaths and injuries. These workers are largely self-employed or working for small companies. These individuals are difficult to reach through traditional methods. This research proposed to use the Internet to reach this group and engage them in the curriculum development cycle.;An instructional design research method known as Type I Developmental Research was utilized to study the methodology, product, implementation, and outcomes for this program throughout the design, implementation, and evaluation stages. Five complete cycles of design, …

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Success From The Voices Of Educators, Katherine Eddy Cox May 2009

Success From The Voices Of Educators, Katherine Eddy Cox

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This study examines teachers' conceptions of success through interviews of fourteen educators from a rural county in a Mid-Atlantic state. The results find that the critical elements of success are student-oriented, practice-oriented, and policy-oriented; the consensus definition of success is caring for individual students; and the beliefs and values of educators are in making a difference for every student. Relationships, joy in learning, and fair testing are enabling of success within the community and culture studied. In terms of challenges and needs---parents are often named as the biggest barrier to success; secondly, having time to teach as well as possible; …

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How Influential Are They? The Role Of Parents, Social Support, Attachment, And Autonomy In College Students' Likelihood To Experience Social Anxiety, Andrea M. Jones May 2009

How Influential Are They? The Role Of Parents, Social Support, Attachment, And Autonomy In College Students' Likelihood To Experience Social Anxiety, Andrea M. Jones

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Previous research has found that parental control predicts social anxiety and is moderated by parental proximity, as measured by the amount of contact one has with their parent; however there have been no studies examining how levels of parental proximity may change over the course of a young adult's life. The purpose of the current study was to examine how variables previously associated with social anxiety change across a semester of college. The current study examined parental proximity, autonomy, social support and social anxiety at three points across the semester. Thirty-nine undergraduate students at West Virginia University participated in the …

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The Effect Of C8-Arylguanine Adducts On B/Z-Dna Equilibrium: Implications In Aryl Hydrazine Carcinogenesis, Vorasit Vongsutilers May 2009

The Effect Of C8-Arylguanine Adducts On B/Z-Dna Equilibrium: Implications In Aryl Hydrazine Carcinogenesis, Vorasit Vongsutilers

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Aryl hydrazines and related compounds have been shown to be carcinogenic but the mechanism is still unclear. C8-Arylguanine adducts, formed from oxidative metabolites of aryl hydrazines, are suspected to be the cause of carcinogenesis. Z-DNA formation facilitated by the aryl adduct are among the potential mechanisms and has been investigated in this study. Z-DNA may be involved in carcinogenesis as several studies have indicated that Z-DNA may play an important role in gene expression and to induce mutagenic genetic deletions. C8-Arylguanine adducts may cause carcinogenesis by promoting the formation of Z-DNA which in turn disturbing gene regulation and leading to …

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Image Analysis Of Circulating Fluidized Bed Hydrodynamics, David Kent Casleton May 2009

Image Analysis Of Circulating Fluidized Bed Hydrodynamics, David Kent Casleton

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The goal of this thesis is to design methods to estimate the local concentration and velocity of particles observed in digital videos of the inner wall of a circulating fluidized bed (CFB) riser. Understanding the dynamics of these rapidly moving particles will allow researchers to design cleaner and more efficient CFB facilities. However, the seemingly random motion exhibited by the particles in three dimensions, coupled with the varying image quality, make it difficult to extract the required information from the images. Given a video sequence, a method for detecting particles and tracking their spatial location is developed. By exploiting the …

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Characterization And Classification Of Clayey Soils Forming On Limestone In The Eastern Panhandle Of West Virginia, Brian Cooley May 2009

Characterization And Classification Of Clayey Soils Forming On Limestone In The Eastern Panhandle Of West Virginia, Brian Cooley

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

High shrink-swell potential soils forming from limestone have been noted in the Great Valley of West Virginia, but the taxonomic name of these soils does not indicate this potential. With increased pressures on land use from an increasing population in the Eastern Panhandle, it is necessary to have detailed soil information for soil scientists, county planners, engineers, and others. The objectives of this research were to characterize three soils forming on limestone, evaluate their shrink-swell potential, and classify these soils. Field observations and laboratory data indicate that Carbo and Swanpond soils have a high shrink-swell potential, whereas Hagerstown soils do …

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A Kinetic Study Of Decyl Phosphite Stabilizers, John K. Snodgrass May 2009

A Kinetic Study Of Decyl Phosphite Stabilizers, John K. Snodgrass

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Decyl phosphite stabilizers are used to improve the molecular stability of polymers during processing and end use giving durability to the many plastic products used in daily life. By understanding the governing kinetics of the decyl phosphite reaction system, improvements and alternative manufacturing methods may be possible. Diphenyl isodecyl phosphite, phenyl di-isodecyl phosphite, and tri-isodecyl phosphite are the products of reacting isodecanol and triphenyl phosphite in the presence a sodium methylate. Concentration and time data were collected by performing laboratory reactions at various reactant ratios and temperatures.;Analysis of laboratory data shows that the system can be adequately described by five …

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