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Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

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Advanced Reservoir Modeling And Fluid Flow Studies Of Natural Gas Production From The Hydrate Reservoirs Of The Alaska North Slope, Taiwo Ajayi Jan 2016

Advanced Reservoir Modeling And Fluid Flow Studies Of Natural Gas Production From The Hydrate Reservoirs Of The Alaska North Slope, Taiwo Ajayi

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The emerging possibility of the production of gas hydrates as an unconventional source of energy have spurred many objectives for research studies going on in this area. One of these is the U.S national hydrate research program with a primary goal of determining the tools and technologies for environmentally safe gas production from hydrate reservoirs. The work presented in this thesis is motivated by the need to provide reliable reservoir model-based predictions to support proposed long-term hydrate field production tests on the Alaska North Slope permafrost. While first order predictions have been made from reservoir models based on assumptions of …

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Robust Video Stabilization And Quality Evaluation For Amateur Videos, Usha Kalyani Alluri Jan 2016

Robust Video Stabilization And Quality Evaluation For Amateur Videos, Usha Kalyani Alluri

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Amateur videos captured by consumer-level devices (e.g., mobile phones, tablets, camcorders etc.) are often shaky, undirected and difficult to watch. Video stabilization techniques attempt to improve the video quality by filtering out unwanted jittering camera motions. Currently there are two key challenges in the field of video stabilization: robustness (e.g., in the presence of sophisticated camera motion including panning and rotation) and quality evaluation. Therefore the main contributions of this thesis are two-fold.;First, we present a robust video stabilization algorithm, which post-processes shaky video data and addresses the challenges of rapid camera panning and motion blur. Our algorithm is based …

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Modeling And Simulation Of A Free-Piston Engine With Electrical Generator Using Hcci Combustion, Mohammad Alrbai Jan 2016

Modeling And Simulation Of A Free-Piston Engine With Electrical Generator Using Hcci Combustion, Mohammad Alrbai

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Free-piston engines have the potential to challenge the conventional crankshaft engines by their design simplicity and higher operational efficiency. Many studies have been performed to overcome the limitations of the free-piston devices especially the stability and control issues.;The investigations within the presented dissertation aim to satisfy many objectives by employing the approach of chemical kinetics to present the combustion process in the free-piston engine. This approach in addition to its advanced accuracy over the empirical methods, it has many other features like the ability to analyze the engine emissions. The effect of the heat release rate (HRR) on the engine …

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The Challenges Faced By New Science Teachers In Saudi Arabia, Salman Alsharari Jan 2016

The Challenges Faced By New Science Teachers In Saudi Arabia, Salman Alsharari

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Growing demand for science teachers in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, fed by increasing numbers of public school students, is forcing the Saudi government to attract, recruit and retain well-qualified science teachers. Beginning science teachers enter the educational profession with a massive fullfilment and satisfaction in their roles and positions as teachers to educating children in a science classroom. Nevertheless, teachers, over their early years of practice, encounter numerous challenges to provide the most effective science instruction. Therefore, the current study was aimed to identify academic and behavioral classroom challenges faced by science teachers in their first three years of …

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Mixed Signal Integrated Circuit Design For Custom Sensor Interfacing, Steven M. Andryzcik Ii Jan 2016

Mixed Signal Integrated Circuit Design For Custom Sensor Interfacing, Steven M. Andryzcik Ii

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Low-power analog integrated circuits (ICs) can be utilized at the interface between an analog sensor and a digital system's input to decrease power consumption, increase system accuracy, perform signal processing, and make the necessary adjustments for compatibility between the two devices. This interfacing has typically been done with custom integrated solutions, but advancements in floating-gate technologies have made reconfigurable analog ICs a competitive option. Whether the solution is a custom design or built from a reconfigurable system, digital peripheral circuits are needed to configure their operation for these analog circuits to work with the best accuracy.;Using an analog IC as …

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Safe Semi-Supervised Learning With Sparse Graphs, Prithish Banerjee Jan 2016

Safe Semi-Supervised Learning With Sparse Graphs, Prithish Banerjee

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

There has been substantial interest from both computer science and statistics in developing methods for graph-based semi-supervised learning. The attraction to the area involves several challenging applications brought forth from academia and industry where little data are available with training responses while lots of data are available overall. Ample evidence has demonstrated the value of several of these methods on real data applications, but it should be kept in mind that they heavily rely on some smoothness assumptions. The general frame- work for graph-based semi-supervised learning is to optimize a smooth function over the nodes of the proximity graph constructed …

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Perceptions Of Urban Forestry Employers, Andrew Benjamin Jan 2016

Perceptions Of Urban Forestry Employers, Andrew Benjamin

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Urban forestry is still a relatively new area of science and is still trying to establish itself as a legitimate scientific field and profession. Often urban forestry and arboriculture are conflated, and urban forestry has yet to achieve much of what arboriculture has in terms of recognition its and establishment. Landscape architects, traditional foresters, environmental scientists, horticulturalists all may find themselves in positions that can be classified in the urban forestry profession, which shows this lack of a standard definition for what is an urban forester. While there are many significant, potential benefits to a properly managed urban forest resource …

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Signaling Changes In Reinforcer Ratios Facilitates Adaptive Forgetting In Pigeons, Daniel Bell-Garrison Jan 2016

Signaling Changes In Reinforcer Ratios Facilitates Adaptive Forgetting In Pigeons, Daniel Bell-Garrison

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Forgetting is often characterized as maladaptive, but if a cue no longer signals the consequences of a response, then forgetting the previously learned stimulus-response discrimination is adaptive. Pigeons pecked for food in concurrent schedules of reinforcement. The relative frequency of food delivery on each key changed pseudorandomly across sessions with an overnight break in the middle of each session. New sessions began immediately after the last food delivery in the previous session. When the change from one session to the next was not signaled, responses remained under the control of the previous session's ratio of reinforcement. When the session change …

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Media Framing Of News Coverage Of Same-Sex Marriage Surrounding The U.S. Supreme Court Legalization Decision, Chelsea B. Betts Jan 2016

Media Framing Of News Coverage Of Same-Sex Marriage Surrounding The U.S. Supreme Court Legalization Decision, Chelsea B. Betts

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The purpose of this research is to explore which frames, dominant frames, and tones are used in news coverage of same-sex marriage before and after the U.S. Supreme Court decision to legalize these marriages. In addition, public opinion surrounding the decision and agenda-setting effects were also examined. This study used a content analysis and secondary survey data from the Pew Research Center to explore these factors. A content analysis of print newspaper articles and broadcast transcripts from four print sources and six broadcast outlets was used to gather the 286-article sample. Findings suggest that the tone of the article is …

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In-Line, Real-Time Particulate Matter Sensors For Obd And Exhaust After-Treatment System Control Applications, Marc Cyrill Besch Jan 2016

In-Line, Real-Time Particulate Matter Sensors For Obd And Exhaust After-Treatment System Control Applications, Marc Cyrill Besch

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The ability to quantify particle mass and number concentrations in the exhaust stream of combustion engines during in-use operation is of critical importance for continuously monitoring and diagnosing the particulate matter removal efficiency of modern exhaust gas after-treatment systems. Extensive literature survey suggested a sensor operating on the diffusion-charging principle being optimally suited for particle measurements due to their proportional response towards particle surface area. This study was designed to determine and assess the possibility of quantifying particle emissions during on-road measurements using a prototype diffusion-charging type sensor. Such a sensor would not only allow for continuous monitoring capabilities of …

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Implementation And Evaluation Of Teach-Back As A Pedagogical Method For Delivering Fall Prevention Education To Older Adults In An Inpatient Hospital Setting, Elizabeth Bosley Jan 2016

Implementation And Evaluation Of Teach-Back As A Pedagogical Method For Delivering Fall Prevention Education To Older Adults In An Inpatient Hospital Setting, Elizabeth Bosley

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Background: In the United States, the most common cause of both nonfatal injuries and accidental deaths for people older than 65 is falls. In the hospital setting, 700,000 to 1,000,000 falls occur annually resulting in increased cost and reduced reimbursement. There exists a critical need to explore potential interventions for effectiveness in reducing both the incidence and severity of falls. Teach-back is a patient education methodology that is a highly recommended safety practice and may be an effective intervention to reduce patient falls in the hospital setting.;Objectives: 1) To increase the use and documentation of a validated patient education methodology …

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Cholesterol Diet-Associated Changes In The Hippocampus - A Prelude To Alzheimer's Disease?, Sylwia W. Brooks Jan 2016

Cholesterol Diet-Associated Changes In The Hippocampus - A Prelude To Alzheimer's Disease?, Sylwia W. Brooks

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

High serum cholesterol levels in midlife have been associated with an increased risk of developing Alzheimer's disease (AD) later in life. This thesis investigates a possible mechanism linking dietary cholesterol, which cannot pass the blood brain barrier, and AD-like hippocampal neuropathology. The first study tested the hypothesis that a high cholesterol diet increases the flux of the cholesterol metabolite 27-hydroxycholesterol (27-OHC) into the hippocampus. We found that a high-cholesterol diet increased levels of 27-OHC, a biologically active circulatory breakdown product of cholesterol, in hippocampal tissue. 27-OHC has been identified as an endogenous selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) that affects estrogen …

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Towards Quantifying The Effects Of Resource Extraction On Land Cover And Topography Through Remote Sensing Analysis: Confronting Issues Of Scale And Data Scarcity, Jessica D. Dewitt Jan 2016

Towards Quantifying The Effects Of Resource Extraction On Land Cover And Topography Through Remote Sensing Analysis: Confronting Issues Of Scale And Data Scarcity, Jessica D. Dewitt

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This dissertation focuses on the mapping and monitoring of mineral mining activity using remotely sensed data. More specifically, it explores the challenges and issues associated with remote sensing-based analysis of land use land cover (LULC) and topographic changes in the landscape associated with artisanal and industrial-scale mining. It explores broad themes of image analysis, including evaluation of error in digital elevation models (DEMs), integration of multiple scales and data sources, quantification of change, and remote sensing classification in data-scarce environments. The dissertation comprises three case studies.;The first case study examines the LULC change associated with two scales of mining activity …

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Four Days That Transformed Spain 11-M Impact On Memory Recovery Examined Through The Lens Of Duality, Thomas J. Divins Jan 2016

Four Days That Transformed Spain 11-M Impact On Memory Recovery Examined Through The Lens Of Duality, Thomas J. Divins

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This thesis studies the controversial aftermath of the Madrid terrorist attack of March 11, 2004 and how it impacted the history of memory and silence in Spain since the Spanish Civil War. The terrorist attack had surprising and significant short-term political impacts, which have been well documented by historians, political scientists, and journalists. However, surveying the attack aftermath through the lens of the history of duality in Spain has been less studied. The "lens of duality" is the viewpoint that Spain's history in the twentieth and twenty-first centuries can be explained as a clash between deeply-divided sectors within society which …

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Differences In School Climate Means: Exploring Contextual Factors Among A Sample Of Appalachian Youth, Shay M. Daily Jan 2016

Differences In School Climate Means: Exploring Contextual Factors Among A Sample Of Appalachian Youth, Shay M. Daily

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA) provides a means for states to streamline current assessment systems and integrate multidimensional measures. The use of comprehensive measures (i.e. school climate) is important in understanding non-academic factors that influence the quality of a school. There are limited studies which describe how contextual factors influence the learning and behavior of students within demographically homogenous populations, especially from rural settings. Rural populations are characterized to have higher prevalence of multiple social, behavioral, and contextual characteristics that negatively affect their perception of school when compared to their urban counterparts.;The purpose of this study was to examine …

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A Study Of The Ndt Techniques Using Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity Test And Microwave Oven Method On Scc And Tvc, Dana Dashti Jan 2016

A Study Of The Ndt Techniques Using Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity Test And Microwave Oven Method On Scc And Tvc, Dana Dashti

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

In this study, two nondestructive testing (NDT) techniques were investigated to study the ultrasonic pulse velocity and water cement ratio of self-consolidating concrete (SCC) and traditional vibrated concrete (TVC). The ultrasonic pulse velocity test is one of the most useful nondestructive methods to determine the properties of concrete. It is also important in structural engineering where it can detect defects and determine deterioration. In order to reach these purposes, there are several ultrasonic wave propagation characteristics that should be taken under consideration such as: velocity, attenuation, frequency, and energy. For the purpose of this study, 3 specimens from each mix …

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Evaluating The Protocol Of The Spectrum Of Hot Mix Asphalt Mixes Produced In West Virginia, Laura Dalton Jan 2016

Evaluating The Protocol Of The Spectrum Of Hot Mix Asphalt Mixes Produced In West Virginia, Laura Dalton

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Reviewing asphalt concrete plant-produced mixes in a laboratory setting provides further insight into pavement characteristics. Nine mix designs provided from five hot mix asphalt plant producers were evaluated throughout this research. Five mixes were Wearing I and four mixes were Base II/19 mm each of which contained various aggregate sources. First, the determination of bulk specific gravity was performed using three methods: Saturated Surface-Dry, CoreLok, and Dimensional (volumetric mass density). Moreover, assessing a mix's inherent capability to be uniformly compacted is integral in both laboratory and field evaluations. The nine mix designs were assessed for uniformity following AASHTO PP 60 …

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A Cbct Evaluation Of Root Position Within Bone, Long Axis Inclination, And The Wala Ridge, Timothy R. Glass Jan 2016

A Cbct Evaluation Of Root Position Within Bone, Long Axis Inclination, And The Wala Ridge, Timothy R. Glass

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Background and Objectives: Correct tooth position in all planes of space while respecting the boundaries of the underlying bone has been proposed as a necessary hallmark to providing a foundation of stability for the teeth as well as the supporting periodontium. The aim of this study was to determine 1) If teeth centeredness over basal bone improves when teeth are more upright or approach WALA Ridge norms 2) If teeth centeredness in alveolar bone improves when teeth are more upright or approach WALA Ridge norms 3) If the WALA ridge is located at or near the estimated center of resistance …

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Manual Optical Attitude Re-Initialization Of A Crew Vehicle In Space Using Bias Corrected Gyro Data, Christopher J. Gioia Jan 2016

Manual Optical Attitude Re-Initialization Of A Crew Vehicle In Space Using Bias Corrected Gyro Data, Christopher J. Gioia

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

NASA and other space agencies have shown interest in sending humans on missions beyond low Earth orbit. Proposed is an algorithm that estimates the attitude of a manned spacecraft using measured line-of-sight (LOS) vectors to stars and gyroscope measurements. The Manual Optical Attitude Reinitialization (MOAR) algorithm and corresponding device draw inspiration from existing technology from the Gemini, Apollo and Space Shuttle programs. The improvement over these devices is the capability of estimating gyro bias completely independent from re-initializing attitude. It may be applied to the lost-in-space problem, where the spacecraft's attitude is unknown.;In this work, a model was constructed that …

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Spatial And Temporal Distribution Of The Brown Marmorated Stink Bug (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), Jakob Goldner Jan 2016

Spatial And Temporal Distribution Of The Brown Marmorated Stink Bug (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), Jakob Goldner

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

An obstacle to efficient management of the brown marmorated stink bug, Halyomorpha halys (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), is the lack of knowledge of its seasonal movements at the landscape level. H. halys is highly mobile and utilizes various commodities throughout the growing season and winter, making it difficult to manage. We hypothesized that H. halys displayed an annual spatial pattern at the farm scale and as they moved into overwintering habitats. To test for a spatial pattern at the farm scale, we conducted a two-year spatial study on three organic farms in West Virginia and New Jersey. A total of 92-127 sample …

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Qualitatively Assessing Background Factors Of Criminal Captive-Takers, Erin E. Grinnan Jan 2016

Qualitatively Assessing Background Factors Of Criminal Captive-Takers, Erin E. Grinnan

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Captive-taking is an inclusive category of criminal behavior that encompasses kidnapping, hostage situations, and certain acts of terrorism within both domestic and international contexts. To date, the existing research examining the individuals that commit captive-taking events and their backgrounds has been minimal. Gaining a deeper understanding of these individuals and their backgrounds may better prepare the individuals that are charged with intervening in captive-taking events including law enforcement, military personnel, and psychologists who assist in negotiation procedures.;This dissertation is drawn from a pilot study consisting of interviews with seven, incarcerated individuals convicted of captive-taking. The purpose of this dissertation was …

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Expanding The Applications Of Ion Mobility Spectrometry And Mass Spectrometry In Integrative 'Omics Analyses, Gregory C. Donohoe Jan 2016

Expanding The Applications Of Ion Mobility Spectrometry And Mass Spectrometry In Integrative 'Omics Analyses, Gregory C. Donohoe

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Over the past few decades, biomolecular analyses ranging from the study of complex mixtures to protein structural interrogation have increased significantly. These studies range from small molecule separations[1, 2] to observing structural trends in large proteins and protein sub-complexes.[3, 4] Traditionally, the use of liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS), electrophoresis and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy have been at the forefront of these respective studies. Because complex mixtures can contain a variety of components over a wide dynamic range and proteins and their complexes can contain a diverse array of structures, few analytical techniques are capable of providing information across …

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Laugh With Me: Effects Of Shortcoms On Students' Motivation, Confidence, And Cultural Understanding In The French Classroom, Juliette Duthoit Jan 2016

Laugh With Me: Effects Of Shortcoms On Students' Motivation, Confidence, And Cultural Understanding In The French Classroom, Juliette Duthoit

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Research has shown that authentic audio-visual materials have had a positive effect in foreign language classroom on learners' motivation and their confidence. Studies have also shown that humor can aid learners' memorization and improve their motivation, whether it is used in course material or through the instructor's interaction with the learners. Few researchers have focused, however, on the effect of humorous audio-visual material on foreign language learning. The aim of this thesis is to research the effects of humor in authentic video programming on the learning of French. In particular it examines the genre of the shortcom and how its …

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Pretreating Underutilized Woody Biomass For Value-Added Biofuels And Bioproducts, Amy K. Falcon Jan 2016

Pretreating Underutilized Woody Biomass For Value-Added Biofuels And Bioproducts, Amy K. Falcon

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Biomass pretreatment is a key techno-economic factor affecting the yield and economics of bioenergy or bioproduct production. The cost of pretreatment significantly increases if the sugars cannot be efficiently recovered once they are removed from the complex wood structure. Separation of the liquid extract from the solid particulates is important, especially in cellulose and hemicellulose recovery. A urea pretreatment of woody biomass was studied in this paper due to the ability of urea to decompose into ammonia molecules and carbon dioxide. Glucose separation from woody biomass was analyzed as an indication of pretreatment efficiency using three separation techniques: Whatman 113 …

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Early Political Discord In Kenya: European Settlers' Political Struggles In The East Africa Protectorate, 1902-1912, Makhete Fall Jan 2016

Early Political Discord In Kenya: European Settlers' Political Struggles In The East Africa Protectorate, 1902-1912, Makhete Fall

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This study of European settlers' political struggles encompasses a ten-year period (1902-12) during which the foundations of Kenya's modern politics were established. The dissertation follows political contestation originating from the East Africa Protectorate's small European settler community during the administrations of four commissioners/governors. The politics of this period involved varied individuals and organizations that sought to move the colonial state in the direction of policies European politicians advocated in such critical areas as land and labor, the administration of justice, and in the system of government that applied to them and other residents of the protectorate. The settler politicians pushed …

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Distributed Detection And Estimation In Wireless Sensor Networks, Mohammad Fanaei Jan 2016

Distributed Detection And Estimation In Wireless Sensor Networks, Mohammad Fanaei

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are typically formed by a large number of densely deployed, spatially distributed sensors with limited sensing, computing, and communication capabilities that cooperate with each other to achieve a common goal. In this dissertation, we investigate the problem of distributed detection, classification, estimation, and localization in WSNs. In this context, the sensors observe the conditions of their surrounding environment, locally process their noisy observations, and send the processed data to a central entity, known as the fusion center (FC), through parallel communication channels corrupted by fading and additive noise. The FC will then combine the received information …

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Four-Membered Metallacycles Arising From An Ambiphilic Ligand: Synthesis And Characterization Of Group Ix Complexes, Rachael Nichole Pickens Jan 2016

Four-Membered Metallacycles Arising From An Ambiphilic Ligand: Synthesis And Characterization Of Group Ix Complexes, Rachael Nichole Pickens

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The reactivity of transition metal complexes is greatly affected by the complex structure and the nature of the coordinated ligands. Ambiphilic ligands, a class of molecule termed a frustrated Lewis pair that possesses non-interacting functional groups of both Lewis acidic and basic character, are of particular interests few reports of their application to organometallic catalysis have emerged and their full potential has not been achieved. Exploring the bi-functionality and the potential applications of such ligand frameworks with group IX transition metals with phosphino--borane (Ph2PCH 2CH2BBBN) complexes resulted in interesting reactivity. When treated with bases such as silver or lithium reagents, …

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The Perception Of Young Drivers And Their Understanding Of Graduated Drivers Licensing, Andrew Poszich Jan 2016

The Perception Of Young Drivers And Their Understanding Of Graduated Drivers Licensing, Andrew Poszich

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

New, young drivers are over three times more susceptible to crashes in their first 1,000 miles of on road driving. In order to reduce the number incident rate for teenage drivers, Graduated Drivers Licensing (GDL) programs have been implemented across the country. West Virginia, along with all other states, aims to further improve the effectiveness of this program. Currently, GDL effectiveness is steeply limited by the willingness of teenager drivers and their parents to comply with the laws in place. Across the country, programs are being implemented that help raise awareness of GDL and supplement some of the information already …

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Nursing Knowledge Of Heart Failure, Beth Ann White Jan 2016

Nursing Knowledge Of Heart Failure, Beth Ann White

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Heart failure is a constellation of signs and symptoms reflecting a physiologic change in the hearts ability to keep up with demand. Heart failure is considered a global pandemic and is a complex disease that oftentimes is progressive. Heart failure is often associated with underlying coronary atherosclerosis, and its associated risks, including hypertension, diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome and dyslipidemia. To slow the progression and improve quality of life patients should be educated about the disease and in most health care settings nurses provide this education. However, nurses may lack sufficient knowledge of the processes that lead to heart failure. The …

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On Designing Tattoo Registration And Matching Approaches In The Visible And Swir Bands, Xuan Xu Jan 2016

On Designing Tattoo Registration And Matching Approaches In The Visible And Swir Bands, Xuan Xu

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Face, iris and fingerprint based biometric systems are well explored areas of research. However, there are law enforcement and military applications where neither of the aforementioned modalities may be available to be exploited for human identification. In such applications, soft biometrics may be the only clue available that can be used for identification or verification purposes. Tattoo is an example of such a soft biometric trait. Unlike face-based biometric systems that used in both same-spectral and cross-spectral matching scenarios, tattoo-based human identification is still a not fully explored area of research. At this point in time there are no pre-processing, …

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