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Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

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Vulture Flight Behavior Driven By Uplift Availability At Local And Continental Scales, Julie Mallon Jan 2015

Vulture Flight Behavior Driven By Uplift Availability At Local And Continental Scales, Julie Mallon

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Understanding how animals move in response to their environment is a fundamental question in ecology. Soaring species, which rely on environmentally generated uplift to forage and migrate, should be especially sensitive to changing weather and climatic conditions. Changes in uplift distribution or strength can have energetic implications and restrict movement capacity for soaring species. Poor weather conditions can shorten foraging time or slow migration progress. To increase mobility, birds can switch to flapping or soar using another uplift type. Use of uplift, however, is associated with certain flight altitudes and movement speeds. Switching uplift types will affect a bird's ecological …

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The Relationship Between The Distributed Leadership Readiness Of West Virginia Principals And Their Perceptions Of Selected School-Based Committees, Patrick L. Riddle Ii Jan 2015

The Relationship Between The Distributed Leadership Readiness Of West Virginia Principals And Their Perceptions Of Selected School-Based Committees, Patrick L. Riddle Ii

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between the distributed leadership readiness of West Virginia principals and their perceptions of selected school-based committees which influence leadership in their schools. Six hundred seventy four West Virginia principals were invited to participate in this study by responding to an online survey that included the Distributed Leadership Readiness Scale (DLRS), demographic items, and items from the researcher developed School-Based Committee Influence Survey. There were 198 West Virginia principal respondents to the survey (29.3%). The results of this study showed that West Virginia principal respondents were ready for distributed leadership and …

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The Experience Of Transition As Told By First-Year, First-Generation Appalachian College Students, Jeffrey T. Bush Jan 2015

The Experience Of Transition As Told By First-Year, First-Generation Appalachian College Students, Jeffrey T. Bush

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The study examines the transitional experiences of Appalachian first-generation students during their first year of college. Because first-generation status, alone, has a negative affect on student persistence (Ishitani, 2003; Paulsen & Martin Lohfink, 2005), this phenomenological inquiry explores perceptions and experiences of separation and adjustment as expressed by students through semi-structured interviews with Tinto's Theory of Student Departure (1993) as a theoretical framework. Tinto's theory states that students arrive at college with personal attributes, as well as intentions and commitment, however it is their perception of their transition from home culture into the college that can affect persistence. This study …

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Farmers Markets And The Emergency Food System In West Virginia: An Analysis Of Intersection To Improve Community Food Security, Jessica L. Crum Jan 2015

Farmers Markets And The Emergency Food System In West Virginia: An Analysis Of Intersection To Improve Community Food Security, Jessica L. Crum

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Food insecurity is a problem in West Virginia. Individuals who are food insecure rely on assistance from private organizations, such as food pantries and soup kitchens. Individuals may also rely on government assistance, with programs like SNAP and WIC, as a means to cope with food insecurity. Farmers markets have been trying to become more accessible to low-income individuals and increase community food security through the acceptance of SNAP, WIC, and SMFNP vouchers. This study uses key informant interviews to understand to what extent and in what ways farmers markets are interacting with emergency food systems to improve community food …

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Discovery Of A Novel Oocyte-Specific Krab-Containing Zinc Finger Protein Required For Early Embryogenesis In Cattle, Jacqelyn M. Hand Jan 2015

Discovery Of A Novel Oocyte-Specific Krab-Containing Zinc Finger Protein Required For Early Embryogenesis In Cattle, Jacqelyn M. Hand

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Much of the loss of potential offspring in cattle is concentrated in the early embryonic period. Maternal mRNAs that accumulate in the oocyte during oogenesis have important functional roles during the initial stages of embryonic development, before embryonic genome activation. It is well regarded that the oocyte plays an active role in regulation of key aspects of the reproductive process required for fertility. What is more, oocyte-specific transcription factors seem to be the controlling feature influencing germ cell success throughout oogenesis, fertilization, and early embryonic development. Of the remarkably diverse array of transcription factors encoded by mammalian genomes, about two-thirds …

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A Feasibility Analysis For The Development Of A Facility Utilizing Olive Oil Mill Production Waste As A Carbon Substrate In Polyhydroxyalkanoate Production In Morocco, Catherine Hansen Jan 2015

A Feasibility Analysis For The Development Of A Facility Utilizing Olive Oil Mill Production Waste As A Carbon Substrate In Polyhydroxyalkanoate Production In Morocco, Catherine Hansen

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This thesis presents a market study and economic feasibility analysis on developing a facility utilizing olive oil production waste as a carbon substrate in polyhydroxyalkanoate production. Three underlying questions will be explored within this thesis: (1) Can olive oil mill effluents be utilized to produce an environmentally friendly polyhydroxyalkanoate bio-plastic?;, (2) Is there potential for the bio-plastic polyhydroxyalkanoate to enter Morocco's plastic market?;, (3) Is it likely that a bio-plastic facility utilizing olive oil mill production waste to create polyhydroxyalkanoate would have long term profitability? This research provides a pathway toward a new solution to a pervasive environmental concern facing …

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The Assessment Of Instruments For Detecting Surface Water Spills And A Three-Dimensional Model Of The Elk River Spill, Aubrey E. Harris Jan 2015

The Assessment Of Instruments For Detecting Surface Water Spills And A Three-Dimensional Model Of The Elk River Spill, Aubrey E. Harris

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Source water protection has been an increasing area of concern due to the risks associated with chemical storage and oil and gas operations. To better identify and mitigate risk, models and tools are needed to evaluate the dispersion of pollutants in possible spill scenarios. This information may be used to determine the placement of in-stream water quality monitoring instruments and to develop early-warning systems and emergency plans.;In this work, two approaches of applying chemical dispersion models are described: one to determine the necessary concentration to generate a signal from in-stream measurements; and second to demonstrate, in a numerical three-dimensional model, …

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3d Seismic Attribute-Assisted Analysis Of Microseismic Events In The Marcellus Shale, Ariel Kelton Hart Jan 2015

3d Seismic Attribute-Assisted Analysis Of Microseismic Events In The Marcellus Shale, Ariel Kelton Hart

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Microseismic monitoring is often used during the process of oil and gas exploitation to monitor seismicity that may be triggered by hydraulic fracturing, a common practice in the Appalachian Basin. Anthropogenically-induced minor upward fracture growth is not uncommon in the Marcellus shale; however, in the area of study, significant microseismic activity was registered above the target zone. In order to ascertain whether out-of-zone growth might have been predictable and identify which areas are more likely to experience brittle failure first, 3D seismic and microseismic data were analyzed with a focus on better understanding variations in the acoustic properties associated with …

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Evaluation Of Age, Growth And Diet Of Channel Catfish (Ictalurus Punctatus) In Cheat Lake, West Virginia, Corbin D. Hilling Jan 2015

Evaluation Of Age, Growth And Diet Of Channel Catfish (Ictalurus Punctatus) In Cheat Lake, West Virginia, Corbin D. Hilling

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This thesis describes population characteristics of Channel Catfish ( Ictalurus punctatus) in Cheat Lake, West Virginia in two chapters. The first chapter is comprised of a literature review on the ecology, diet and growth of Channel Catfish, as well as the influence of water level fluctuations on biota. The second chapter examines the age, growth and fall diet of Channel Catfish in Cheat Lake, West Virginia. Acidification has historically impaired Cheat Lake's fish community, but recent mitigation efforts within the Cheat River watershed have improved water quality and species richness. Presently, Channel Catfish are abundant and attain desirable sizes for …

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Development Of A Reference Dataset To Evaluate Pems Post-Processing Software, Hemanth K. Kappanna Jan 2015

Development Of A Reference Dataset To Evaluate Pems Post-Processing Software, Hemanth K. Kappanna

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Since the implementation of in-use emissions standards, an outcome of the consent decree between heavy-duty diesel engine manufacturers and the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), there has been an increased interest in the research and development of portable emissions measurement systems (PEMS) that are capable of analyzing exhaust emissions continuously while a vehicle or equipment powered by an internal combustion engine is performing its intended vocation. Ultimately for an engine to pass in-use emissions requirements, the brake specific emissions of regulated pollutants measured over valid Not-to-Exceed (NTE) events must be less than or equal to 1.25 or 1.5 times the engine …

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Cloud Implementation Of Design Software For Strengthening Of Reinforced Concrete Member, Sucharitha Koleti Jan 2015

Cloud Implementation Of Design Software For Strengthening Of Reinforced Concrete Member, Sucharitha Koleti

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The design of Fiber Reinforced Composite (FRP) which has emerged as an effective alternative to strengthen concrete structures, using traditional approaches, involves a set of complex design procedures to strengthen a concrete member. The design procedures are classified as a three step processes to build an intuitive and user friendly web application. The design software incorporated in the aforementioned application solves for strengthening of Reinforced Concrete (RC) Beams and Columns. This application has been developed as an add-on to the existing Computer Aided Design Environment to Composites (CADEC). It has been built on the .Net platform in compliance with the …

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Rf Transceiver Design For Electronic Toll Collection System (Etc) Using Compact Dipole Antenna, Anjana Chowdary Devineni Jan 2015

Rf Transceiver Design For Electronic Toll Collection System (Etc) Using Compact Dipole Antenna, Anjana Chowdary Devineni

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Electronic Toll Collection (ETC) system is one of the types of traffic control system that has rapid development in the recent years. ETC system is one of the major applications of Dedicated Short Range Communication (DSRC) which operates in the frequency band of 5.8GHz, used for the transfer of information between the road side unit (RSU) and the on board unit (OBU) which are situated at the toll station and on the vehicle respectively. The working of the system is based on RFID technology. ETC system is implemented in the 0.18microm CMOS technology, which is an aggressive technology in terms …

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The Keyboard Works Of Alex Shapiro, Elizabeth Mary Etnoyer Jan 2015

The Keyboard Works Of Alex Shapiro, Elizabeth Mary Etnoyer

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This project serves as a broad introduction to the keyboard works of American composer Alex Shapiro (1962-present), with primary focus on her works for solo piano. Ms. Shapiro has developed a well-established reputation as a serious and innovative composer, writing both acoustic and electroacoustic music for a variety of musical genres including instrumental solo and chamber music, as well as music for large ensembles. Shapiro's writing is often influenced by extramusical ideas, such as her solo piano piece Luvina (2007), a work based on the short story with that name by Mexican author Juan Rulfo. With scores that often include …

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The Literacy Beliefs And Practices Of Middle Level English Language Arts Teachers, Diane Fine Jan 2015

The Literacy Beliefs And Practices Of Middle Level English Language Arts Teachers, Diane Fine

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This study presents data from a two-phase phenomenological case study investigation designed to ascertain two middle level English teachers' beliefs about literacy. In addition to revealing the teachers' beliefs about literacy, this study sought to discover the ways in which these literacy beliefs were manifested in the instructional tasks employed by each teacher in her middle level English classroom. A pilot study conducted during the fall semester of 2012 described one middle level English teacher's beliefs about literacy. The final phase of the investigation expanded upon data collected during the pilot study and involved two middle level English teachers. This …

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What Elite Men's Collegiate Tennis Coaches Look For In Recruits And How They Assess Preferred Player Characteristics, Brandyn H. Fisher Jan 2015

What Elite Men's Collegiate Tennis Coaches Look For In Recruits And How They Assess Preferred Player Characteristics, Brandyn H. Fisher

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Understanding what characteristics college tennis coaches look for, and how they evaluate these skills may provide beneficial information related to the recruiting process at the collegiate level. Currently, limited research exists concerning how college tennis coaches evaluate a recruit's intangible characteristics and what specific characteristics they look for. Some authors have suggested that coaches highly value intangible characteristics, such as character and leadership ability, and that these skills are believed to be necessary for success at the collegiate level (Flett, Paule, & Schneider, 2010). However, little is known about the exact processes coaches use to evaluate intangible skills, nor which …

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Implementation And Evaluation Of The Move! Program At Medical Weight Loss Center, Kimberly Bird Jan 2015

Implementation And Evaluation Of The Move! Program At Medical Weight Loss Center, Kimberly Bird

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Background: Obesity is an increasing worldwide epidemic that contributes to chronic diseases such as Coronary Artery Disease (CAD), Hypertension (HTN), Hyperlipidemia, Diabetes Mellitus Type 2, some cancers, and even death. West Virginia ranks in the top ten most obese states with over 32% of the residents being obese. Research has shown that group education programs are more effective in weight loss than individual education programs.;Objective: The purpose of the study was to examine the change in weight, body mass index (BMI), systolic blood pressure, and number of steps of overweight or obese adult participants in a group weight loss program.;Method: …

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The Cold Culture Wars: The Fight For Democratic Education In Post-War New York, Brandon C. Williams Jan 2015

The Cold Culture Wars: The Fight For Democratic Education In Post-War New York, Brandon C. Williams

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This dissertation explores how the American public school system has become the primary institution for citizens to project, contest, or affirm their values. Primarily, this revolves around competing ideas of democratic education. After World War II, politicians utilized the schools to propagate American democracy, while citizens viewed education as a means to reconstruct the post-war democratic order. Although most representatives acknowledged the schools needed to guard democracy and stem totalitarian aggression, few agreed on how education should accomplish such a feat. Consequently, "democratic education" deviated from its theoretical moorings and found a newly nationalistic expression in a Cold War era …

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External Hyperlinking Practices In Print-Based And Online-Native News Sites, Sarah K. Wisniewski Jan 2015

External Hyperlinking Practices In Print-Based And Online-Native News Sites, Sarah K. Wisniewski

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This paper describes the differences in the use of external hyperlinks between print-based and online-native news sites. External hyperlinks are links that direct the user to a page outside the original domain, such as the Huffington Post including a link to Wikipedia. A subcategorization of online-native sites into three distinct waves based on launch dates and corresponding to recent transitions in communications technology is proposed. A quantitative content analysis of hyperlinks embedded in the text of articles from print-based, second-wave, and third-wave news sites in 2005, 2010, and 2014 suggests that print-based and online-native news sites do use external hyperlinks …

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A Descriptive Study Of Ncaa Life Skills Programs In The Big Ten Conference, Marc Joseph Williams Jan 2015

A Descriptive Study Of Ncaa Life Skills Programs In The Big Ten Conference, Marc Joseph Williams

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The purposes of this study were: (1) To determine if Life Skills Programs exist in all of the 14 Big Ten Schools, (2) To determine if the NCAA Division I-A Life Skills Commitment Statements were utilized at all the Big Ten Schools and (3) To determine how Big Ten administrators perceived Life Skills Programs are across all 14 Big Ten Universities.;It was anticipated that all Big Ten colleges had a Challenging Athletes' Minds for Personal Success Life Skills Program on their campus. All Big Ten Life Skills administrators perceived their programs to be effective.;A written questionnaire based on the literature …

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Residual Dentin Thickness Of The Danger Zone In Mandibular Molar With Variable Sizes Of Nickel-Titanium Rotary Instruments, Andrew Y. Xu Jan 2015

Residual Dentin Thickness Of The Danger Zone In Mandibular Molar With Variable Sizes Of Nickel-Titanium Rotary Instruments, Andrew Y. Xu

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Introduction: Mechanical cleaning and shaping is an important component to the long term success of endodontic therapy. A larger diameter canal preparation allows for more penetration of antimicrobial solutions into the root canal system with resultant improved disinfection. The objective of this study was to determine the residual dentin thickness (RDT) of the distal wall of mandibular mesial roots after mechanical preparation by using 4% constant tapered Nickel-Titanium rotary (NTR) files with various tip sizes as evaluated utilizing microcomputed tomography (microCT).;Methods: Twenty-five mandibular molars were mounted at the cemento-enamel junction (CEJ) in modified polypropylene 50 ml centrifuge tubes using a …

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Cancer Exosomes Are Unique And Complex Mechanisms That Suppress Effector T Lymphocyte Functions, Yueting Wu Jan 2015

Cancer Exosomes Are Unique And Complex Mechanisms That Suppress Effector T Lymphocyte Functions, Yueting Wu

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

It is still unknown how tumor exosomes influence malignant cell survival and alter cell-to-cell communication to modulate the immune system by, in part, manipulating the activity of cytotoxic T lymphocytes. This study focuses on two critical parts regarding cancer exosomes. The first part is to tailor existing bionanotechnology methods to account for the nanoscale aspects of exosome biology. SEM, TEM, Bioanalyzer and flow cytometry were used to characterize exosome morphologies, identify specific protein biomarkers HER1 and HER2, as well as the quality of RNAs enclosed in exosomes. Competing methods related to exosome isolation, production, preservation, stability and analysis were evaluated. …

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Facilitating Dialogue Through Design To Create Positive Social Change In Rural Communities, Lauren B. Schiefelbein Jan 2015

Facilitating Dialogue Through Design To Create Positive Social Change In Rural Communities, Lauren B. Schiefelbein

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Social Design is a progressive field that continues to gain momentum across the nation and the world. Its value and validity is especially noteworthy when design is used as a vehicle to create positive change in today's society. Many rural communities lack the necessary infrastructures or resources to remain relevant in a 21st century world, and face unique sets of barriers to progress and creative problem-solving.;Effective communication, for example, is one area that design thinking can efficiently address, often generating collaborative solutions. Facilitating dialogue in the rural community requires special attention and planning. A carefully-tailored strategy of design interaction while …

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Constraints On The Pressure-Temperature Path For Belt-Purcell Supergroup Metapelites From Snow Peak, Northern Idaho, Sarah Elizabeth Johnson Jan 2015

Constraints On The Pressure-Temperature Path For Belt-Purcell Supergroup Metapelites From Snow Peak, Northern Idaho, Sarah Elizabeth Johnson

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The Snow Peak area in northern Idaho experienced two distinct metamorphic episodes, M1 and M2. Garnets, especially those that experienced both episodes, are strongly zoned. The assemblages observed in metapelites from garnet to staurolite/kyanite zones were compared to computer generated assemblages calculated using Theriak-Domino (deCapitani and Petrakakis, 2010). The comparison and analysis of the assemblages, garnet zoning, and modal contours provides constraints on the path the rocks must have followed between metamorphic events called M1 and M2. The most useful constraints on the proposed P-T path are provided by comparing the content of Ca in garnet and the observed assemblage …

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Evaluation Of A Practice Change Using Cope (Creating Opportunities For Parent Empowerment) To Address Maternal Anxiety, Depression And Expectations Related To Preterm Birth And Subsequent Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (Nicu) Admission, Dennelle Parker Jan 2015

Evaluation Of A Practice Change Using Cope (Creating Opportunities For Parent Empowerment) To Address Maternal Anxiety, Depression And Expectations Related To Preterm Birth And Subsequent Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (Nicu) Admission, Dennelle Parker

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Background: Nearly half a million premature infants are born in the United States each year. The majority of infants born prematurely are admitted to neonatal intensive care units (NICU) for specialized care. Clinical problems related to parental stress due to preterm birth and NICU admission extend beyond feelings of simple stress by parents to that of helplessness, insufficient knowledge, decreased bonding, depression, and the potential development of Post Partum-Post Traumatic Stress Disorder. Furthermore, these clinical problems can extend to the child. Decreased bonding can cause the child to have clinical and subclinical anxiety disorders; and may further equate to future …

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The Role Of Arginase I In Ischemic Stroke And Cardiovascular Disease, Ashley Brooke Petrone Jan 2015

The Role Of Arginase I In Ischemic Stroke And Cardiovascular Disease, Ashley Brooke Petrone

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is currently the fifth leading cause of death and a leading cause of long-term disability in the United States. Further, the incidence of AIS is expected to increase dramatically through year 2030. Despite the current and anticipated burden of AIS, treatment options for AIS, both acute and chronic, are extremely limited. Tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) is currently the only FDA-approved drug used to treat AIS; however, only a small fraction of AIS patients are eligible to receive tPA, and of these, only roughly 15 percent benefit from treatment with tPA. Given this, there is a crucial …

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A Simulation Model For The Procedure Of Psychiatric Patients' Diversion At William R. Sharpe, Jr. Hospital Using Flocking Algorithm For Input Modeling, Aida Rabiee Gohar Jan 2015

A Simulation Model For The Procedure Of Psychiatric Patients' Diversion At William R. Sharpe, Jr. Hospital Using Flocking Algorithm For Input Modeling, Aida Rabiee Gohar

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The high rate of civil commitment in West Virginia indicates that the bureau of mental health in the state has been inefficient and unproductive at facilitating the procedures of mental health system delivery, to the point that the two state hospitals of West Virginia are often at their full capacity and incapable of admitting any new cases. This inadequacy at managing psychiatric emergencies causes frequent diversion of civil committed patients from the state psychiatric hospitals to other community psychiatric units, and ultimately costs the state an un-budgeted {dollar}4 million annually.;The main objective of this research is to contribute to the …

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What Shadows We Pursue: Death, Democracy, And Disunion In Antebellum America, Joseph M. Rizzo Jan 2015

What Shadows We Pursue: Death, Democracy, And Disunion In Antebellum America, Joseph M. Rizzo

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This dissertation examines the ways Americans registered concerns about antebellum democratic political culture through their mourning of national leaders. A "eulogizing class" consisting of clergymen, politicians, lawyers, and educators was especially prominent in shaping how contemporaries remembered the dead. As a class, the eulogists were conflicted about democracy and partisanship, and conveyed their concerns through the potentially demagogic form of the eulogy---the practice of glorifying the "great man." Through an examination of eulogies, sermons, and newspaper editorials after the deaths of William Henry Harrison, Andrew Jackson, John Quincy Adams, John Calhoun, Henry Clay, and Daniel Webster, this dissertation reveals the …

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The Role Of Police And Courts In The Implementation Of Domestic Violence Policy In Brazil, Ellen Belchior Rodrigues Jan 2015

The Role Of Police And Courts In The Implementation Of Domestic Violence Policy In Brazil, Ellen Belchior Rodrigues

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This dissertation investigated factors that influence the decision-making process of police officers, prosecutors, public attorneys and judges when dealing with cases of domestic violence. The study specifically looked at the types of information the police and the judiciary considered relevant to ask victims when they filed complaints at police stations and at court hearings, respectively. Based on the literature on judicial politics and policing, this research focused on how individuals act as agents, helping or hindering the implementation of the policy. It highlighted the various factors that influence these agents, particularly in the context of small communities such as courts …

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Use Of Wireless, Ad-Hoc Networks For Proximity Warning And Collision Avoidance In Surface Mines, Venkata Raghava Siva Naga Shashank Sabniveesu Jan 2015

Use Of Wireless, Ad-Hoc Networks For Proximity Warning And Collision Avoidance In Surface Mines, Venkata Raghava Siva Naga Shashank Sabniveesu

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Despite the record of progress achieved in the United States with respect to reducing fatal and non-fatal injuries in surface mines, both the number and severity of these injuries remain unacceptable. A large fraction of these injuries in surface mines are caused by collisions involving large haulage equipment such as trucks, dozers, and front-end loaders. There are two main contributing factors for these collisions: (i) the massive size of these vehicles, which causes several blind spots surrounding the vehicle for the driver, and (ii) the sheer momentum of these vehicles, which makes it hard to maneuver these vehicles and often …

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The Effect Of Direct Instruction On Spanish Language Acquisition In A Preschool Free-Play Environment: A Single-Case Design, Lucy Rose Scotti Jan 2015

The Effect Of Direct Instruction On Spanish Language Acquisition In A Preschool Free-Play Environment: A Single-Case Design, Lucy Rose Scotti

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The predicted increase in Spanish speakers within the United States brings to light a new direction for preschool curricula. There are multiple, on-going arguments about the best time for children to learn a second language and what role critical periods for brain development play in second language acquisition. Although there are individual differences in development, the current study demonstrates that children can learn Spanish vocabulary words with an average of 30 minutes of instruction per week. Using a combination of direct instruction with developmentally appropriate practices, hands-on, and engaging activities, the teaching of Spanish vocabulary, themed and age appropriate for …

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