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Understanding Career Path Decisions: Student Perceptions Of Working In School-Based Slp Settings, Joanna Scoggins, Michelle Jordan, Suzanne M. Adlof Sep 2026

Understanding Career Path Decisions: Student Perceptions Of Working In School-Based Slp Settings, Joanna Scoggins, Michelle Jordan, Suzanne M. Adlof

Teaching and Learning in Communication Sciences & Disorders

Currently, in many parts of the United States, there are dire shortages of SLPs working in school-based settings (ASHA 2024; Edgar & Rosa-Lugo, 2007).  While the perceptions of school-based SLPs have been explored (Edgar & Rosa-Lugo 2007; Marante & Farquharson, 2021), there has been little work on the perceptions of students that lead toward their choice of career path. The current study aimed to gather information on SLP student perceptions to determine: 1) How do graduate students perceive working in a school setting as an SLP compared to other employment settings? 2) How do student perceptions and career intentions change …


Integrating Public Health Into Communication Sciences And Disorders Curriculum, Whitney D. Perkins, Yalanda M. Barner, Jennifer Wiles, Brandi Newkirk-Turner Sep 2026

Integrating Public Health Into Communication Sciences And Disorders Curriculum, Whitney D. Perkins, Yalanda M. Barner, Jennifer Wiles, Brandi Newkirk-Turner

Teaching and Learning in Communication Sciences & Disorders

The field of Communication Sciences and Disorders (CSD) is increasingly integrating public health into its practice and research. This is because less than 10% of speech-language pathology and audiology graduate programs are housed within Colleges or Schools of Public Health (PH), reducing the likelihood that students in CSD have the opportunity for coursework and co-curricular activities that integrate PH and CSD. In this paper, we discuss the holistic approach we used to integrate PH into a CSD program at a Historically Black University. The approach was guided by PH and CSD accreditation standards and involved a didactic course, CSD courses …


Building Interprofessional Competency-Based Education Into Graduate Program Clinical Experiences: A Childhood Apraxia Of Speech And Sensory Processing Disorder Case Study Analysis, Kate Nealon, Zahava L. Friedman Sep 2026

Building Interprofessional Competency-Based Education Into Graduate Program Clinical Experiences: A Childhood Apraxia Of Speech And Sensory Processing Disorder Case Study Analysis, Kate Nealon, Zahava L. Friedman

Teaching and Learning in Communication Sciences & Disorders

Abstract

Supporting interprofessional competency-based education requires embedding educational opportunities within coursework and clinical experiences. This education prioritizes student engagement and learning from, with and about other professionals to support collaboration and communication amongst clinicians (CAIE, 2020). While the provision of interprofessional clinical opportunities is recommended, it is challenging to implement effectively in professional and pre-professional settings. Academic settings have the unique ability to provide interprofessional collaborative clinical experiences for students. This pilot study focuses on Speech Language Pathology (SLP) and Occupational Therapy (OT) clinical assessment experiences, specifically in the context of pediatric motor speech and sensory processing disorders. These disorders …


Pahdf: A Privacy-Aware Hybrid Detection Framework With Class-Aware Weighted Stacking Ensemble (Cawse) For Fake Instagram Account Detection, Sura Jasim Mohammed, Safa Saad Abbas, Suhad Hatem Jihad Sep 2026

Pahdf: A Privacy-Aware Hybrid Detection Framework With Class-Aware Weighted Stacking Ensemble (Cawse) For Fake Instagram Account Detection, Sura Jasim Mohammed, Safa Saad Abbas, Suhad Hatem Jihad

Journal of Intelligent Informatics, Networking, and Cybersecurity

The rapid growth of social media platforms has intensified concerns regarding online privacy, data security, and fraudulent activities that driven by fake accounts. This paper proposes a Privacy-Aware Hybrid Detection Framework (PAHDF) to detect Instagram fake account that integrates privacy preservation with high-performance machine learning. Unlike existing approaches that treat privacy and detection as separated objectives, therefore, the proposed framework jointly addresses both objectives by relying exclusively on publicly available, low-sensitivity profile metadata. PAHDF combines a deep learning model for latent feature representation with a Random Forest classifier for behavioural pattern learning through a Class-Aware Weighted Stacking Ensemble (CAWSE), where …


Local Ramp Metering Strategies: Recommendation For Implementation Ramp Metering In Baghdad, Iraq, Ali S. Saleh, Ali E. Jehad Sep 2026

Local Ramp Metering Strategies: Recommendation For Implementation Ramp Metering In Baghdad, Iraq, Ali S. Saleh, Ali E. Jehad

Engineering and Technology Journal

Ramp metering is one of the most widely used traffic management practices to alleviate congestion on freeways. Although the use of such algorithms has proven effective in developed transportation systems, this adaptation and installation of suitable ramp metering algorithms can still be a problem in developing countries, especially when traffic characteristics, data availability and institutional capacity differ greatly from the developed ones. This paper is a systematic review of local responsive ramp metering strategies covering more than ninety publications from 1991-2026. The review identifies four categories of strategies: threshold-based, feedback-based (such as ALINEA and its variations), optimization-based and AI-based. The …


Predicting Student Performance In Introduction To Information Technology Using Regression-Based Learning Analytics And Instructional Intervention Data, Masyitah Abu, Nur Azlina Mohamed Mokmin, Ummu Salmah Mohamad Hussin, Hafirda Akma Musaddad Sep 2026

Predicting Student Performance In Introduction To Information Technology Using Regression-Based Learning Analytics And Instructional Intervention Data, Masyitah Abu, Nur Azlina Mohamed Mokmin, Ummu Salmah Mohamad Hussin, Hafirda Akma Musaddad

Al-Bahir

This study examines student performance across three instructional intervention strategies in an Introduction to Information Technology subject at a Malaysian private university in Perak. The dataset was obtained from the university system and involved a seven-week short-semester teaching period. A total of 308 diploma students were included and divided into three existing class groups: traditional lecture-based learning (n = 103), multimedia-assisted learning (n = 100), and blended learning (n = 105). Each group was exposed to a different instructional approach delivered by a different lecturer. Student performance was assessed through quizzes, assignments, midterm examination, and final examination. The study analyzed …


Book Review: The Weight Of Sand: My 450 Days Held Hostage In The Sahara, Michael Margolius Sep 2026

Book Review: The Weight Of Sand: My 450 Days Held Hostage In The Sahara, Michael Margolius

Parameters Bookshelf – Online Book Reviews

Author: Edith Blais

Reviewed by Commander Michael Margolius, US Navy, professor, US Army War College, and former J3 of the Joint Personnel Recovery Agency

In his review of The Weight of Sand: My 450 Days Held Hostage in the Sahara, Michael Margolius views the ordeal faced by author Edith Blais through the lens of a personnel recovery agent. Blais and her boyfriend were kidnapped and held for 15 months by Jama’at Nusrat al-Islam wal-Muslimin gunmen. Margolius points out the many small and practical things that helped Blais survive and how her story can help agencies learn from her experience to …


How Dance/Movement Therapy Can Cultivate Self-Compassion In Chinese Diaspora Adults: A Literature Review, Heng Hsiu Liu Sep 2026

How Dance/Movement Therapy Can Cultivate Self-Compassion In Chinese Diaspora Adults: A Literature Review, Heng Hsiu Liu

Expressive Therapies Theses

Chinese diaspora adults navigate a psychological transition in mental health understanding, based on acculturation level; some are more somatically focused in their understanding, while others adopt Western mental health frameworks. While self-compassion can be a helpful transdiagnostic tool, Chinese diasporas still face barriers to current selfcompassion interventions such as the remaining stigma of "losing face" with their family and community, language barriers to emotional expression, and a cultural emphasis on self-criticism as a tool for moral improvement. Self-compassion cultivation is grounded in mindfulness, common humanity, and self-kindness, which collectively stimulate the soothing-affiliative affect regulation system. This review identifies Dance/Movement Therapy …


Fostering And Maintaining Relational Trust Between Massachusetts Public School Superintendents And Their School Committees, John J. Robidoux Sep 2026

Fostering And Maintaining Relational Trust Between Massachusetts Public School Superintendents And Their School Committees, John J. Robidoux

Educational Studies Dissertations

ABSTRACT

The effectiveness of public school governance in Massachusetts relies on the collaborative partnership between superintendents and elected school committees. However, school committee members often lack professional backgrounds in education, leading to role confusion, political friction, communication breakdowns, and a reduced ability to develop and maintain effective relationships with the superintendent. While the structural roles of these entities are well-defined by policy, there is limited research on the internal, lived experiences of district leaders navigating the multifaceted dynamics of relational trust as they relate to effective school district operations. This study addresses the gap in understanding how relational trust is …


Creating Collaborative Strategies: The Influence Of Principal Leadership In Teacher Retention In Rural Secondary Schools In Dhalai District, Tripura, Northeast India., Valerian Castelino Sep 2026

Creating Collaborative Strategies: The Influence Of Principal Leadership In Teacher Retention In Rural Secondary Schools In Dhalai District, Tripura, Northeast India., Valerian Castelino

Educational Studies Dissertations

Teacher retention has become a growing concern across India and the world. In rural, tribal, and multilingual contexts, the challenge is even greater. This research, Creating Collaborative Strategies: The Influence of Principal Leadership in Teacher Retention in Rural Secondary Schools in Dhalai District, Tripura, Northeast India, explores how school leadership influences teachers’ decisions to remain in rural schools. The research focuses on Tripura, a small state in Northeast India known for its tribal diversity, geographic isolation, multilingual classrooms, and limited educational resources. The research is informed by a multi-theoretical framework: Herzberg’s Two-Factor Theory, Non-Economic Capital Theory, and Transformational Leadership …


Smart City Pula, Bj Fletcher, Saša Drezgić, Molly Schnoke Sep 2026

Smart City Pula, Bj Fletcher, Saša Drezgić, Molly Schnoke

All Maxine Goodman Levin School of Urban Affairs Publications

No abstract provided.


A Reflection On Growing Up With Hyperacusis, Jemma-Tiffany Rosewater, Katherine Melton Sep 2026

A Reflection On Growing Up With Hyperacusis, Jemma-Tiffany Rosewater, Katherine Melton

Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews

I, the first author, explore here my personal experiences growing up with severe hyperacusis pain, a rare condition that significantly affected my childhood but also gave me a deeper understanding of how medical professionals interact with children. I discuss the many ways my condition was dismissed or misunderstood by doctors, and I examine the broader negative implications that this dismissal had on both my physical health and day-to-day life. This article also emphasizes the power and sway that the words of medical professionals hold compared to the voices of children. I reflect on how outdated yet common misconceptions about hyperacusis, …


Cultivating A Culture Of Belonging: Elementary Principal Practices, Sara Macneil Sep 2026

Cultivating A Culture Of Belonging: Elementary Principal Practices, Sara Macneil

Educational Studies Dissertations

A sense of belonging is a fundamental human need that influences students’ experiences, relationships, and engagement within their school context. It is shaped through intentional actions and everyday experiences. Understanding how school leaders intentionally shape conditions that foster students’ sense of belonging requires further exploration. This study focused on an elementary school principal and sought to identify specific leadership practices that strengthen the sense of belonging for elementary students. Using a mixed-methods approach, data were collected through a sense of belonging survey and small group interviews. The survey data provided a measure of students’ sense of belonging and were used …


The Implementation Of Sel-Based Interactive E-Modules To Enhance Mental Health Literacy, Muhammad Arif Budiman Sucipto, Mulyani Mulyani Sep 2026

The Implementation Of Sel-Based Interactive E-Modules To Enhance Mental Health Literacy, Muhammad Arif Budiman Sucipto, Mulyani Mulyani

Jurnal Kajian Bimbingan dan Konseling

The mental health crisis among Generation Alpha students is concerning, marked by stagnating life purpose and digital academic pressure. This study aims to examine the effectiveness of an interactive SEL-based E-Module in enhancing students' mental health literacy, offering an innovative solution responsive to the digital era. Employing a Classroom Action Research design integrated with ADDIE. Thirty-two tenth-grade students with low initial literacy scores (mean pre-test = 42.3) participated through purposive sampling. The two-cycle intervention utilized a digital module featuring Private Mode (encrypted emotional journal) and Emergency Button (direct link to counselors). Data were collected through literacy scales, observations, interviews, and …


Evaluation Of Deep Learning Techniques For Intrusion Detection In Cybersecurity, Doaa El-Shahat, Mohamed Mahmoud Abdelaziz, Waseem Akram, Muhammad Jabir Khan Sep 2026

Evaluation Of Deep Learning Techniques For Intrusion Detection In Cybersecurity, Doaa El-Shahat, Mohamed Mahmoud Abdelaziz, Waseem Akram, Muhammad Jabir Khan

Sustainable Machine Intelligence Journal

The increasing prevalence of Internet of Things (IoT) technology is also leading to a rise in potential cybersecurity risks. Therefore, it has become crucial to develop effective solutions using deep learning to enable us to discover the various vulnerabilities that may arise from continuous technological advancements, and to defend against the different types of attacks that fraudsters might use to exploit system weaknesses, such as Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks, web attacks, and spoofing. Most model failures stem from their reliance solely on detecting spatial patterns and their failure to focus on detecting temporal patterns, resulting in poor performance …


Haf-Bitrans: A Heterogeneity-Aware Federated Bilstm-Transformer Framework For Privacy-Preserving Detection Of Multi-Stage Apt Behaviors In Iot Networks, Tareef S Alkellezli, Nariman A. Khalil Sep 2026

Haf-Bitrans: A Heterogeneity-Aware Federated Bilstm-Transformer Framework For Privacy-Preserving Detection Of Multi-Stage Apt Behaviors In Iot Networks, Tareef S Alkellezli, Nariman A. Khalil

Sustainable Machine Intelligence Journal

Advanced persistent threats (APTs) are difficult to detect in heterogeneous Internet of Things (IoT) environments because malicious behavior can unfold across reconnaissance, scanning, command-and-control, denial-of-service, and exfiltration stages. Centralized intrusion-detection pipelines also create privacy, communication, and latency concerns when traffic originates at distributed edge devices. This study presents HAF-BiTrans, a heterogeneity-aware federated BiLSTM-Transformer framework for privacy-preserving detection of multi-stage APT-like behavior. At each client, a bidirectional long short-term memory encoder captures temporal dependencies, a lightweight Transformer models broader contextual relationships, and a class-balanced focal objective addresses class imbalance. At the server, Heterogeneity-Aware Contribution-Trust Aggregation (HACTA) weights client updates using sample …


Spatial Markov Equilibrium Models For Taxi Services: Driver Decision, Search Friction, And Locational Pricing, Yanchao Liu Sep 2026

Spatial Markov Equilibrium Models For Taxi Services: Driver Decision, Search Friction, And Locational Pricing, Yanchao Liu

Industrial and Systems Engineering Faculty Research Publications

This paper develops a modeling framework for stochastic multi-agent systems and applies it to equilibrium and pricing analysis in urban taxi markets. Travel demand is represented as a trip network and embedded in a Markov chain that captures both locational and in transit taxi states, with transition dynamics reflecting trip durations, search frictions, spatial competition, and drivers’ perceptions of long-term value. The framework features a parametric Markov chain with endogenous transition probabilities and a behavioral model in which agents’ decisions depend on anticipated long-term rewards. We establish equilibrium existence and examine two locational pricing schemes that align individual incentives with …


Spatiotemporal Variations Of Tidal Asymmetry Along The Coast Of Taiwan: Characteristics And Implications, Ting-Chieh Lin, Tai-Wen Hsu, Tzu-Chun Huang, Chun-Yuan Lin Sep 2026

Spatiotemporal Variations Of Tidal Asymmetry Along The Coast Of Taiwan: Characteristics And Implications, Ting-Chieh Lin, Tai-Wen Hsu, Tzu-Chun Huang, Chun-Yuan Lin

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

This study presents the first systematic investigation into the spatiotemporal characteristics and evolutionary trends of tidal asymmetry along the coast of Taiwan from 2003 to 2022, employing a moving window method combined with the S_TIDE toolbox.  By quantifying the skewness of the Main Tidal Asymmetry Combinations (MTAC) and their temporal variations, the study reveals significant regional disparities between the eastern and western coasts.  The western coast is primarily dominated by the M2-M4 combination, with the northwestern region exhibiting a flood dominance pattern and the southwestern region characterized by ebb dominance.  Conversely, the eastern coast, attributed to its open topography and …


A Mixed Methods Study Of Inpatients’ Experiences, Priorities, And Health-Related Quality Of Life During High- Flow Nasal Cannula Therapy, Cintamani H. Ellsworth, Rebecca S. Bartlett Sep 2026

A Mixed Methods Study Of Inpatients’ Experiences, Priorities, And Health-Related Quality Of Life During High- Flow Nasal Cannula Therapy, Cintamani H. Ellsworth, Rebecca S. Bartlett

Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews

Purpose: High-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) is an oxygen delivery method with numerous benefits for severely ill patients. There is a paucity of research focused on the perspectives of patients receiving HFNC oxygen therapy. This study aimed to engage with patients to gain a clearer understanding of their experiences, priorities, and health-related quality of life.

Methods: A cross-sectional, mixed methods study was completed with 10 adult inpatients who had received HFNC oxygen therapy during their hospital admission. Semi-structured interviews and the Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Global Health Scale were used to identify participant perceptions of their physical and …


Under Pressure And Underrecognized: The Role Of Social Workers And Case Managers In Screening For Social Determinants Of Health In The United States, Melissa L. Habrat, Lindsay D. Nelson, David A. Nelson Sep 2026

Under Pressure And Underrecognized: The Role Of Social Workers And Case Managers In Screening For Social Determinants Of Health In The United States, Melissa L. Habrat, Lindsay D. Nelson, David A. Nelson

Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews

Social determinants of health (SDOH) screening is increasingly embedded in clinical care, yet the work of asking, documenting, and responding to social needs often falls to social workers and nurses or professional case managers who operate under significant time, staffing, and system constraints. We conducted a narrative review to examine how SDOH influence outcomes, identify systemic and emotional barriers to effective screening, and synthesize evidence-informed strategies that support implementation. Across included sources, findings clustered into three domains: challenges in integrating screening (policy and accreditation pressure, staffing and resource constraints, EHR documentation and interoperability limits, closed-loop referral and cross-sector partnership gaps, …


Ivory Towers Have Glass Ceilings: Institutional Responsibility In Promotion To Full Professor, Chardie L. Baird, Mangala Subramaniam Sep 2026

Ivory Towers Have Glass Ceilings: Institutional Responsibility In Promotion To Full Professor, Chardie L. Baird, Mangala Subramaniam

Navigating Careers in Higher Education Series

A must-read for higher education leaders committed to equity, Ivory Towers Have Glass Ceilings examines faculty members’ experiences in promotion to full professorship. This volume discusses how structures, practices, processes, and policies pertaining to promotion from associate professor to full professor both presume and reproduce racialized and gendered inequity.

Women’s teaching and service loads are often quantitatively and qualitatively different from white and some Asian men’s experiences, which only serves to reinforce the status quo. This also extends beyond teaching and service to the types of intellectual contributions that are considered important, which often excludes the hands-on, engaged work that …


Ucc General Education Proposal 9-15-26, Angela Brock Sep 2026

Ucc General Education Proposal 9-15-26, Angela Brock

General Education Committee

No abstract provided.


Ucc Minutes 9-15-26, Angela Brock Sep 2026

Ucc Minutes 9-15-26, Angela Brock

UCC Agendas/Minutes

No abstract provided.


Icc Agenda 9-15-26, Angela Brock Sep 2026

Icc Agenda 9-15-26, Angela Brock

Individual Course Committee (ICC)

No abstract provided.


Approved Courses 9-15-26, Angela Brock Sep 2026

Approved Courses 9-15-26, Angela Brock

Individual Course Committee (ICC)

No abstract provided.


Corrosion Testing And Simulation Of Taiwan Offshore Wind Foundations, Yao-Hung Fan, Yen-Fu Liu, I-Ming Pan, Chih-Chung Wen, Hsiu-Chen Yeh, Chien-Ming Lo, Tai-Liang Kuo, Hung-Hua Sheu, Hung-Bin Lee Sep 2026

Corrosion Testing And Simulation Of Taiwan Offshore Wind Foundations, Yao-Hung Fan, Yen-Fu Liu, I-Ming Pan, Chih-Chung Wen, Hsiu-Chen Yeh, Chien-Ming Lo, Tai-Liang Kuo, Hung-Hua Sheu, Hung-Bin Lee

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

Taiwan is located in the subtropical zone, with high relative humidity and high salinity in the air, and there are marine organisms attached to structures in the sea. This study will analyze the durability of the corrosion structure materials of the underwater foundation of offshore wind turbines based on the local chemical environment and paint materials. The offshore wind turbine underwater infrastructure is placed in the small boat dock area of the National Taiwan Ocean University in Taiwan. Nine kinds of coatings certified by NORSOK M501 were used to prepare specimens, and the metal exposure test was carried out by …


Synchronous Deep Reinforcement Learning For Optimized Storage Assignment Of Ship Blocks, Gawon Lee, Jaehyeon Heo, Misung Kim, Hyerim Bae Sep 2026

Synchronous Deep Reinforcement Learning For Optimized Storage Assignment Of Ship Blocks, Gawon Lee, Jaehyeon Heo, Misung Kim, Hyerim Bae

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

This paper presents a deep reinforcement learning (RL) framework for optimizing block storage allocation in shipbuilding yards. During the shipbuilding process, vessels are constructed in block units to maximize the operational efficiency. Following assembly, these blocks must be stored in limited yard spaces, creating a complex variant of the binary packing problem. This storage allocation problem is further complicated by operational constraints, including the barge capacity and transportation time restrictions. Moreover, poor storage decisions can lead to redundant block movements, which can adversely affect downstream processes and increase operational costs. To resolve this problem, a policy-gradient-based synchronous RL model was …


A Resilience Early Warning Assessment Of The Maritime Supply Chain: A Case Study Of China’S New Energy Vehicle Exports, Xiuqian Chen, Liangyong Chu, Mengyao Wang, Jiayin Du, Yiming Zhang, Xiyao Xu Sep 2026

A Resilience Early Warning Assessment Of The Maritime Supply Chain: A Case Study Of China’S New Energy Vehicle Exports, Xiuqian Chen, Liangyong Chu, Mengyao Wang, Jiayin Du, Yiming Zhang, Xiyao Xu

Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan

Enhancing resilience through early warning is a critical strategy for mitigating disruption risks in the maritime supply chain (MSC). This study proposes a novel early warning assessment framework to determine the resilience of the MSC. It is referred to as a resilience early warning system. An evaluation index system for shipping enterprises is developed based on four dimensions: withstand capacity, adaptive capacity, learning capability, and the external environment. A resilience assessment model that uses the Bayesian best-worst method (BBWM) and the extension cloud model (ECM) is established to quantify MSC resilience. An early warning evaluation model based on a Bayesian …


Abstracts From The 2026 Health Care Systems Research Network (Hcsrn) Annual Conference, Dallas, Texas, Health Care Systems Research Network Sep 2026

Abstracts From The 2026 Health Care Systems Research Network (Hcsrn) Annual Conference, Dallas, Texas, Health Care Systems Research Network

Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews

The Health Care Systems Research Network (HCSRN) comprises 18 learning health systems with integrated care delivery and embedded research units. The network’s annual conference serves as a forum for research teams from member institutions to disseminate project findings, explore scientific collaborations, and share insights about population-based research practices that can measurably improve health and health care for all. The theme of this year’s conference was “Scaling Learning Health Systems: Data-Driven Pathways to Better Outcomes.” Abstracts presented at HCSRN 2026 are published in this issue supplement of the Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews, the journal of record for HCSRN’s annual …


Early Elementary Teachers' Experiences Implementing Concrete Representational Abstract Strategies In A Low-Performing District, Grace Sheree Bruce-Spence Sep 2026

Early Elementary Teachers' Experiences Implementing Concrete Representational Abstract Strategies In A Low-Performing District, Grace Sheree Bruce-Spence

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The problem addressed in this study was that early elementary students in an achievement zone continued to demonstrate low mathematics achievement, despite the district-wide implementation of the concrete representational abstract (CRA) instructional strategy, designed to promote conceptual understanding through scaffolded stages at a school district in the southeastern United States. In this district, an achievement zone refers to a cluster of schools serving historically underperforming students in high-poverty communities who receive targeted academic support. Grounded in Bruner’s constructivist learning theory, the purpose of this basic qualitative study was to explore kindergarten through third-grade teachers’ experiences implementing the CRA strategy in …