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Building Culture, Community, And Morality: A Case Study Of Constructivist Leadership In The Creation Of A Junior High Football Team., Mark Edward Tankersley
Building Culture, Community, And Morality: A Case Study Of Constructivist Leadership In The Creation Of A Junior High Football Team., Mark Edward Tankersley
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
This research focused upon parents, educators, and community members’ ability to influence school culture, build community, and affect student morality while engaged in a constructivist leadership model in the creation of a junior high football team. The research was conducted in one school located in a Mid-Atlantic state. I was a teacher at that school during the time the study was conducted. A qualitative case study method was chosen in order to answer the how and why questions. Multiple sources of data were collected from observations, documents, and interviews with three parents, four educators, and three community members all associated …
Factors Regulating Arteriolar Tone During Microvascular Growth, Julie Balch Samora
Factors Regulating Arteriolar Tone During Microvascular Growth, Julie Balch Samora
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Growth of the arteriolar network is accompanied by progressive changes in pressure and flow, and in the metabolic environment to which the arterioles are exposed. This dissertation was carried out to investigate the extent to which mechanisms involved in local blood flow regulation may also change during this growth. We isolated gracilis muscle arterioles from weanling (age 25-26 days) and juvenile (44-66 days) rats, and studied the responsiveness of these vessels to both myogenic and endothelium-dependent stimuli. Overall arteriolar responses to the endothelium-dependent agonists acetylcholine (ACh), A23187, VEGF and simvastatin were not different between age groups. Responses of juvenile arterioles …
Food And Environment As Predictors Of Obesity In Rural West Virginia, Leah W. Gecheo
Food And Environment As Predictors Of Obesity In Rural West Virginia, Leah W. Gecheo
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Objective. The objective of this study was to determine the best predictors of childhood obesity in rural West Virginia. This investigation was inspired by the fact that the rate of obesity occurrence in West Virginia is relatively higher than that in the entire nation.;Method. Subjects used were Head Start children participating in food and nutrition program (FNP) in Mercer and McDowell counties in rural West Virginia. The average age was 52 months both Caucasians and African Americans. Study was conducted using USDA validated questionnaires that focused on the diet, feeding attitudes, beliefs and practices. Children's weights and heights were measured …
Automated Ventricular Measurements Using Gabor Wavelets, Hemalatha Sampath
Automated Ventricular Measurements Using Gabor Wavelets, Hemalatha Sampath
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is one of the widely used medical technologies for diagnosis of various degenerative diseases like Alzheimer's disease. In degenerative diseases the brain atrophies resulting in enlarged ventricles. The segmentation of the ventricle and the total ventricle volume measurement can be important in the analysis of the neurological disease severity and in studies of animal models of disease used to advance treatments for people. This thesis is focused on using Gabor wavelets for ventricular measurements in a rabbit model of Alzheimer's disease.;Standard intensity-based tools like Statistical Parametric Mapping (SPM) used for human brain segmentation requires a priori …
Mathematics Vocabulary Instruction For Current Non-Proficient Students With And Without Ieps: A Study Of Three Methods Of Instruction., George D. Brown
Mathematics Vocabulary Instruction For Current Non-Proficient Students With And Without Ieps: A Study Of Three Methods Of Instruction., George D. Brown
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The purpose of this experimental study was to determine which of three methods of vocabulary instruction, including the common approach method, a combination of the common approach method and keyword method, and a combination of the common approach method and the keyword/illustration method of instruction was most effective in teaching mathematics vocabulary over the course of two mathematical units. Grade eight students (N=60) from two rural middle schools who scored at the basic level on the 2006 Maryland School Assessment (MSA) in mathematics and reading participated in this experimental study. Students with individualized education plans (n=24) and regular education students …
The Regulation And Role Of Hypoxia Inducible Factor-1 (Hif-1) In Human Cancer, Heath Devin Skinner
The Regulation And Role Of Hypoxia Inducible Factor-1 (Hif-1) In Human Cancer, Heath Devin Skinner
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Hypoxia inducible factor-1 is a heterodimeric basic-loop-helix transcription factor composed of two subunits, HIF-1alpha and HIF-1beta. HIF-1beta is constitutively expressed in cells, while HIF-1alpha is upregulated by hypoxia as well as growth factors and oncogenes. In this study we focus on the regulation of HIF-1alpha expression by phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K), and novel functions of HIF-1alpha. Chapter 1 of this dissertation, consists of background and a brief review of the literature regarding PI3K signaling and HIF-1alpha. Chapter 2 focuses on the observation that basal HIF-1alpha expression is upregulated in ovarian cancer and the mechanism by which PI3K regulates this effect. Chapter …
Propanil (3,4-Dcpa)-Induced Alterations Of Macrophage Function, Irina V. Ustyugova
Propanil (3,4-Dcpa)-Induced Alterations Of Macrophage Function, Irina V. Ustyugova
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The pesticide 3,4-dichloropropionanilide (propanil or alternatively, DCPA) is a post-emergent herbicide predominantly used for the control of weeds on commercial rice crops worldwide. The US Environmental Protection Agency report on "Pesticides Industry Sales and Usage in 2001" ranked propanil as the 17th most used herbicide in the US. It is applied on the fields via groundboom sprayers or aerial equipment suppressing photosynthesis and carbon fixation of a growing plant. The primary target of herbicide exposure is personnel working in the manufacturing and application who are required to wear personal protective equipment to minimize the exposure. The common routes of this …
An Experimental Study Of Vertical Habitat Use And Habitat Shifts In Single-Species And Mixed-Species Shoals Of Native And Nonnative Congeneric Cyprinids., Brandon J. Keplinger
An Experimental Study Of Vertical Habitat Use And Habitat Shifts In Single-Species And Mixed-Species Shoals Of Native And Nonnative Congeneric Cyprinids., Brandon J. Keplinger
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
This thesis includes two chapters. The first (Chapter 1) is a literature review focusing on the ecological consequences of introduced fishes on host communities, and specifically on native fishes of similar morphology and phylogenetic origins. The second (Chapter 2) is a manuscript synthesizing the aquaria based study of the interspecific relationships, with respect to habitat utilization, between two syntopically occurring congeneric species pairs in the Greenbrier River. Each pair consists of an introduced and a native cyprinid species. Several species native (often endemic) to the New River watershed are experiencing reductions in abundance and distribution. Meanwhile, a concurrent increase has …
Costume Design For "The Ice Wolf" By Joanna Halpert Kraus., Reiko Ishikawa
Costume Design For "The Ice Wolf" By Joanna Halpert Kraus., Reiko Ishikawa
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
This document is intended to record the costume design process for West Virginia University’s 2006 production of Joanna Halpert Kraus’s The Ice Wolf. The costume design was assigned and completed in partial fulfillment of the Master of Fine Arts degree in Theatre Design, specifically costumes. This document includes the process of the costume design with visual documents of research, development, photographs, and paperwork needed to complete the design. This is the record of Reiko Ishikawa as a young theatre designer and this is only her first step into the theatre world.
Design Of A Selective Catalytic Reduction System To Reduce Nitrogen Oxide Emissions Of The 2003 West Virginia University Futuretruck., Russell T. King
Design Of A Selective Catalytic Reduction System To Reduce Nitrogen Oxide Emissions Of The 2003 West Virginia University Futuretruck., Russell T. King
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
A Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) System was designed and built to reduce NOx emissions of the 2003 West Virginia University (WVU) Diesel Hybrid-Electric FutureTruck. FutureTruck was a student competition that challenged students to redesign a new Sport Utility Vehicle (SUV) to improve fuel economy and reduce emissions. A comprehensive literature review discussing all aspects of SCR was completed. The review focuses on harmful effects of NOx emissions, future emission standards, NOx reduction technologies and last presents an in-depth review of SCR. The SCR control system designed was used for both data acquisition and determination of urea injection amounts. The system …
The Effect Of Steam Conditioning Practices On Pellet Quality And Growing Broiler Nutritional Value., Sarah Elizabeth Cutlip
The Effect Of Steam Conditioning Practices On Pellet Quality And Growing Broiler Nutritional Value., Sarah Elizabeth Cutlip
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Feed currently incurs 60-65% of the total cost of broiler production. Pellets are the primary feed form for commercially-reared broilers. Understanding how to optimize pellet quality through precision thermo-mechanical processing may impact broiler performance and nutrient availability, thus cost of production. Steam conditioning represents a manipulable thermo-mechanical processing variable. Corn-soybean meal based diets were conditioned with one of four steam pressure x temperature combinations: 138 kPa at 82.2ºC, 138 kPa at 93.3ºC, 552 kPa at 82.2ºC or 552 kPa at 93.3ºC. High steam pressure and temperature conditioning were shown to increase pellet quality. Three additional diets were prepared: unprocessed mash, …
The Effect Of Treadmill Exercise On The Long Bones Of Young Adult Zucker Obese (Fa/Fa) And Lean Male Rats., Tsun Yin Ip
The Effect Of Treadmill Exercise On The Long Bones Of Young Adult Zucker Obese (Fa/Fa) And Lean Male Rats., Tsun Yin Ip
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Background: Studies indicate that weight-bearing exercise increases bone mass and bone strength. There are also suggestions that obesity may result in bone loading that increases bone mass and strength. Objective: To investigate the combined effect of exercise and obesity on body mass, bone strength and bone mineral content (BMC) in young Zucker obese fa/fa and lean male rats. Methods: Young (age 6 weeks) obese (fa/fa) and lean male Zucker rats were randomly assigned (n=8-9/group) to either no exercise or treadmill exercise for 9 weeks at a 0% incline. Following the 9-week experiment, both femurs and tibiae were excised and bone …
The Effects Of Contaminants On Sperm Quality And Intersex Condition Of Smallmouth Bass (Micropterus Dolomieu) In The Potomac River., Holly Henderson
The Effects Of Contaminants On Sperm Quality And Intersex Condition Of Smallmouth Bass (Micropterus Dolomieu) In The Potomac River., Holly Henderson
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The purpose of this study was to analyze sperm quality parameters and intersex severity of smallmouth bass in the South Branch of the Potomac River, and to determine if contaminants present in this river negatively affect these parameters. Samples were collected by boat electrofishing in May 2006 from three sites in the South Branch of the Potomac River and one site in the Gauley River. The three South Branch sites are in areas with historically high intersex occurrence. The site on the Gauley serves as the reference site. Gonads were collected from 38 male fish. Samples were split, one gonad …
A Decentralized Cooperative Control Framework For Multiple Uavs., Dustin Michael Geletko
A Decentralized Cooperative Control Framework For Multiple Uavs., Dustin Michael Geletko
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The main focus of this research and thesis was the development of a decentralized framework for the cooperative control of multiple unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). The goal of the software was to coordinate multiple UAVs to perform a wide area search on a defined area. The developed algorithms were based on the idea that simple rules can be programmed leading to an overall complex behavior. The simple algorithm that was developed illustrates a high level of autonomy, including reactive behavior without human interaction. The developed software was tested and run onboard an actual hardware avionics unit with a payload computer …
Identification Of A Novel Importin α Predominantly Expressed In Bovine Oocytes And Early Embryos., Jyothsna Tejomurtula
Identification Of A Novel Importin α Predominantly Expressed In Bovine Oocytes And Early Embryos., Jyothsna Tejomurtula
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Early embryonic development is a complex process that involves timely and quantitative control of gene transcription. Nuclear proteins, including transcription factors and chromatin remodeling proteins, are required for initiation of transcription in early embryos prior to embryonic genome activation. The nuclear transport of these proteins is mediated by transport factors such as importins. Through analysis of EST sequences from a bovine oocyte cDNA library and the database, we identified a novel transcript which shows sequence similarity to the importin α gene. The novel transcript (contig) is represented by multiple ESTs that are only present in the oocyte library and a …
"And A Little Child Shall Lead Them": Romanticism And Quakerism In Edward Hicks' Peaceable Kingdoms., Alison E. Keller
"And A Little Child Shall Lead Them": Romanticism And Quakerism In Edward Hicks' Peaceable Kingdoms., Alison E. Keller
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Edward Hicks, the American Quaker minister and artist, painted a series of works entitled The Peaceable Kingdom between 1820 and 1849. This series of paintings is based on the Old Testament passage Isaiah 11:6. This thesis explores the intersection of Quakerism and Romanticism in nineteenth-century America which is represented in Hicks‟ Peaceable Kingdoms. Romantic themes in the Peaceable Kingdom are the concept of childhood, the presence of Nature, and the ideal of the noble savage. Romanticism in nineteenth-century America was impacted by Christian Romanticism and the development of special educational, social, and spiritual roles for children. The presence of Nature …
Stress Perceptions In Occupational Therapy Students: Traditional Versus Distance Education., Amanda Kessler Rogers
Stress Perceptions In Occupational Therapy Students: Traditional Versus Distance Education., Amanda Kessler Rogers
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Increased stress is a common problem in students enrolled in medical and allied health college programs. The negative effects of stress can result in physical and psychological illnesses, in addition to negatively impacting a student’s academic performance. The purposes of this study were to (1) determine the stress level of the occupational therapy students, (2) determine the social provisions (social support) experienced by the students, and (3) determine the relationship between stress levels and various predictors, such as marital status and grade level. The sample of convenience (n= 69) included 54 traditional and 15 distance education occupational therapy students enrolled …
"A Brave New World?": A Study Of The Disappearing Boundaries Between Entertainment And Hard News., Michael William Janney
"A Brave New World?": A Study Of The Disappearing Boundaries Between Entertainment And Hard News., Michael William Janney
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
As journalism moves ahead in the 21st Century, alternate methods of presentations could distort the information and messages presented. This thesis examines the presence of such distortions in broadcast journalism. Analyzing three types of programs ñ the traditional nightly news broadcast, the political pundit commentary/news broadcast and satirical/fake news broadcast, the study examines some of their characteristics to see how they compare and contrast. Methodologies include a quantitative content analysis, along with a descriptive observation and analysis of the data set. Research concludes that these programs have many similarities in their methods of presentation and inclusion of entertainment, but differ …
The Effects Of The Herbicide Atrazine On Mammalian Immune Function., Alexander M. Rowe
The Effects Of The Herbicide Atrazine On Mammalian Immune Function., Alexander M. Rowe
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Atrazine is the most heavily used herbicide in the United States by weight and human exposure to the compound is wide spread. This study sought to define the immunotoxic effects of atrazine for two types of atrazine exposure models; maternal exposure to atrazine over a period of weeks and acute exposure of adult immune cells to atrazine. We hypothesized that maternal atrazine exposure from day ten of pregnancy to day ten of lactation would result in significant changes to the adult immune system. At three months of age we observed a gender specific increase in the offsprings’ immune function. Male …
The Effect Of Aerobic Exercise On Endothelial Dysfunction In Overweight Children., Emily C-S Murphy
The Effect Of Aerobic Exercise On Endothelial Dysfunction In Overweight Children., Emily C-S Murphy
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Childhood obesity is an edpidemic in the United States, and is directly associated with risk factors for both cardiovascular disease (CVD) and type 2 diabetes. Endothelial dysfunction (EDF) is thought to be an initiating factor in both these diseases, and recent studies have established the presence of EDF in obese children. While the prevalence of EDF amongst obese children is unknown, EDF in the first two decades of life is predicted to increase both morbidity and mortality from CVD and type 2 diabetes. Purposes. (1) To determine the prevalence of EDF in obese children; (2) To determine whether aerobic exercise …
Molecular Mechanisms Of Nuclear Factor-Erythroid-2 Related Factor 2 (Nrf2) Regulation: Phosphorylation By Casein Kinase 2 (Ck2) And Interaction With Proto-Oncogene N-Myc In Neuroblastoma Cells., Patrick L. Apopa
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Environmental pollutants and toxicants expose cells to oxidative and electrophilic challenges. Oxidative and xenobiotic stresses caused by environmental toxicants are known to cause human diseases including cancer and diabetes. To protect against the insults, cells have developed detection and response mechanisms. One such sensor-defense cellular mechanism involves the Nrf2 pathway. The transcription factor Nuclear factor erythriod 2 related factor 2 (Nrf2), a member of the cnc bZIP transcription factors, regulates the expression and induction of phase II antioxidant and detoxification genes via antioxidant response element (ARE). In the presence of an antioxidant, Nrf2 has been shown to be activated, translocate …
Determining Consumer Perceptions Of And Willingness To Pay For Appalachian Grass -Fed Beef: An Experimental Economics Approach., Jason R. Evans
Determining Consumer Perceptions Of And Willingness To Pay For Appalachian Grass -Fed Beef: An Experimental Economics Approach., Jason R. Evans
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The U.S. market for commoditized beef is a dynamic one that has, over the last 30 years, seen decreases in per capita consumption and an increased reliance on large, integrated feedlot facilities that focus on efficient weight gain and producing carcasses deemed desirable according the USDA quality grading system. Because of the problems inherent in the conventional production system and the existence of farm-to-retail price spreads that do not favor primary cow-calf producers, analyses of alternative beef production and marketing strategies that facilitate enhanced profitability and simultaneously address surging consumer demand for specialty food products are necessary. To that end, …
Developing And Evaluating A Gis-Supported Immersive Visualizaton System For Soil Resource Mapping., Paddington Hodza
Developing And Evaluating A Gis-Supported Immersive Visualizaton System For Soil Resource Mapping., Paddington Hodza
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
This dissertation examines the coupling of GIS and immersive visualization (IV). This study was premised on the hypothesis that linking IV and GIS could potentially enhance a user’s visual-cognitive capacity to perceive, analyze, and understand complex geospatial data. A loosely-coupled GIS-IV system was developed and subsequently tested by professional soil scientists in soil boundary mapping and soil map update case studies. Soil boundary mapping is essentially a visualization enterprise involving the creation of cognitive models representing the relationship between soil and observable environmental features. A GIS-IV conceptual model was formulated, and an operational system was designed and implemented. The GIS-IV …
Modulation Of Gene Expression And Dna Adduct Formation By Chlorophyllin In Human Mammary Cells Exposed To Benzopyrenes, Kaarthik John
Modulation Of Gene Expression And Dna Adduct Formation By Chlorophyllin In Human Mammary Cells Exposed To Benzopyrenes, Kaarthik John
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
This study investigated metabolic activation by benzopyrenes (BP and B[e]P) in human mammary cells and modulation by chlorophyllin (CHL, a chemopreventive agent). Among 6 NHMEC strains monitored using microarrays, 54 genes were up-regulated and 11 down-regulated by signal log ratio (SLR) ≥ 1.5 on treatment with BP alone. Pre CHL + post BP+CHL treatment up-regulated the expression of 129 genes and down-regulated those of 35 genes by SLR ≥ 1.5. Studies on CYP1 gene induction and BP-DNA adduct formation among 20 NHMECs revealed wide inter-individual variations both in the induction (3-96-fold for CYP1A1 and 4-43-fold for CYP1B1, respectively) and modulation …
Conduct Disorder And Future Substance Abuse: Factors Affecting Drug Treatment Outcome, Matthew E. Goldfine
Conduct Disorder And Future Substance Abuse: Factors Affecting Drug Treatment Outcome, Matthew E. Goldfine
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Prior research has demonstrated a relation between Conduct Disorder (CD), its severity (total number of symptoms), and substance use disorder (SUD). The current study examined 105 opioid dependent adults for a history of CD and treatment outcome characteristics over a 16 week SUD treatment program. Results demonstrate the effects of CD in regards to poorer improvement of summed Addiction Severity Index composite scores and amphetamine use. Improvement in cocaine use was found to be associated with a CD diagnosis. CD severity was found to lead to poorer improvement as measured by psychiatric impairment and alcohol intoxication. However, participants with increased …
Effectiveness Of Aquatic Phytoremediation Of Nutrients Via Watercress (Nasturtium Officinale), Basil (Ocimum Basilicum), Dill (Anethum Graveolens) And Lettuce (Lactuca Sativa) From Effluent Of A Flow-Through Aquaculture Operation, Derek J. Dyer
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Effluent from the aquaculture industry is a source of nutrient loading upon water bodies nationwide. Aquaponics, the simultaneous cultivation of fish and plants, has the potential to effectively reduce nutrient concentrations through phytoremediation, with the added benefit of producing a valuable crop. The purpose of this preliminary research was to determine if watercress ( Nasturtium officinale) could be used to reduce nutrients from aquaculture effluent in sufficient concentrations to be functional as a remediation technique. Additionally, basil (Ocimum basilicum), dill (Anethum graveolens) and lettuce (Lactuca sativa) were correspondingly examined. Conditions which affected plant growth versus nutrient remediation were also to …
American Standard, John A. Pascarella
American Standard, John A. Pascarella
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
The work included in my MFA thesis exhibition entitled " American Standard" examines our role as narrative-based individuals within the American culture. In this current body of work I use the photographic image as a director uses the medium of film (moving image). Location scouting, casting, lighting, directing, editing, and processing all become intricate parts of the work, all to lead to a single solitary frozen moment in time that I believe creates a story. Story as created not in a fictional sense, but more in the vein of creative non-fiction, as the stories I tell come from a personal …
A Hairy Predicament: The Problem With Long Hair In The 1960s And 1970s, Andrew Robert Herrick
A Hairy Predicament: The Problem With Long Hair In The 1960s And 1970s, Andrew Robert Herrick
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
By the mid-1970s long hair worn by much of the American youth evoked little comment and indeed was considered fashionable. But during much of the previous two decades male hair length was a contentious issue that divided the generations. The struggle over hair in many ways epitomized the sixties generation's challenge to authority and their claim to individual rights. During the era, the meaning of long hair changed dramatically from what it was during the fifties. It began as a symbol of youth culture rebellion linked to music. By the latter part of the sixties, however, it became associated with …
The Relationship Between Technical Support And Pedagogical Guidance Provided To Faculty And Student Satisfaction In Online Courses, Philip R. Ice
The Relationship Between Technical Support And Pedagogical Guidance Provided To Faculty And Student Satisfaction In Online Courses, Philip R. Ice
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
This study examined the relationship between levels of technical support and pedagogical guidance provided to faculty and student satisfaction in online courses. Online learning is a rapidly evolving area of education, yet compared to traditional face-to-face learning very little is known about pedagogical techniques and best practices. This study explores the relationships between two factors that have been demonstrated to influence faculty satisfaction, technical support and pedagogical guidance (the predictor variables), and student satisfaction (the criterion variable) in online courses. The study uses quantitative methods to determine if varying levels of predictor variable input are related to changes in the …
The Extrinsic Apoptotic Pathway In Aged Skeletal Muscle: Roles Of Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha And Interleukin-15, Emidio E. Pistilli
The Extrinsic Apoptotic Pathway In Aged Skeletal Muscle: Roles Of Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha And Interleukin-15, Emidio E. Pistilli
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Apoptosis is implicated in the loss of skeletal muscle mass following periods of reduced activity (i.e.-disuse) as well as during the normal aging process (i.e.-sarcopenia). Aging is also characterized by elevations in circulating cytokines, specifically TNF-alpha, which has been associated with the sarcopenic process. The specific signaling components that participate in the pro-apoptotic pathway downstream of the type I TNF receptor (i.e.-extrinsic apoptotic pathway) within skeletal muscle have not been clarified. Additionally, few studies have been performed with the aim of disrupting this apoptotic pathway, and thereby sparing muscle mass in the aged. Therefore, the purposes of this dissertation were …