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Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Recent Advancement In Lignin Biorefinery: With Special Focus On Enzymatic Degradation And Valorization, Chong Li, Chao Chen, Xiaofen Wu, Chi-Wing Tsang, Jinhua Mou, Yun Liu, Carol Sze Ki Lin
Recent Advancement In Lignin Biorefinery: With Special Focus On Enzymatic Degradation And Valorization, Chong Li, Chao Chen, Xiaofen Wu, Chi-Wing Tsang, Jinhua Mou, Yun Liu, Carol Sze Ki Lin
Faculty of Science & Technology (THEi)
With the intensive development of lignocellulosic biorefineries to produce fuels and chemicals from biomass-derived carbohydrates, lignin was generated at a large quantity every year. Therefore, lignin has received increasing attention as an abundant aromatics resource in terms of research and development efforts for value-added chemicals production. In this review, studies about lignin degradation especially the crucial enzymes involved and the reaction mechanism were substantially discussed, which provided the molecular basis of lignin biodegradation. Then, the latest improvements in lignin valorization by biological methods were summarized and case studies about value-added compounds from lignin were introduced. Afterwards, challenges, opportunities and prospects …
Lignin Valorizations With Ni Catalysts For Renewable Chemicals And Fuels Productions, Xiao Chen, Weixiang Guan, Chi-Wing Tsang, Haoquan Hu, Changhai Liang
Lignin Valorizations With Ni Catalysts For Renewable Chemicals And Fuels Productions, Xiao Chen, Weixiang Guan, Chi-Wing Tsang, Haoquan Hu, Changhai Liang
Faculty of Science & Technology (THEi)
Energy and fuels derived from biomass pose lesser impact on the environmental carbon footprint than those derived from fossil fuels. In order for the biomass-to-energy and biomass-to-chemicals processes to play their important role in the loop of the circular economy, highly active, selective, and stable catalysts and the related efficient chemical processes are urgently needed. Lignin is the most thermal stable fraction of biomass and a particularly important resource for the production of chemicals and fuels. This mini review mainly focuses on lignin valorizations for renewable chemicals and fuels production and summarizes the recent interest in the lignin valorization over …
Tuning The Acidity Of Pt/Cnts Catalysts For Hydrodeoxygenation Of Diphenyl Ether, Weixiang Guan, Chuang Li, Xiao Chen, Xiao-Ying Lu, Chi-Wing Tsang, Haoquan Hu, Hongxu Qi, Changhai Liang
Tuning The Acidity Of Pt/Cnts Catalysts For Hydrodeoxygenation Of Diphenyl Ether, Weixiang Guan, Chuang Li, Xiao Chen, Xiao-Ying Lu, Chi-Wing Tsang, Haoquan Hu, Hongxu Qi, Changhai Liang
Faculty of Science & Technology (THEi)
We herein present a method for the synthesis of HNbWO6, HNbMoO6, HTaWO6 solid acid nanosheet modified Pt/CNTs. By varying the weight of various solid acid nanosheets, a series of Pt/xHMNO6/CNTs with different solid acid compositions (x = 5, 20 wt%; M = Nb, Ta; N = Mo, W) have been prepared by carbon nanotube pretreatment, protonic exchange, solid acid exfoliation, aggregation and finally Pt particles impregnation. The Pt/xHMNO6/CNTs are characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and NH3-temperature programmed desorption. The study revealed that HNbWO6 nanosheets were attached on CNTs, with some edges of the nanosheets being …
Nb(Ta)-Based Solid Acid Modified Pt/Cnts Catalysts For Hydrodeoxygenation Of Lignin-Derived Compounds, Weixiang Guan, Xiao Chen, Chuang Li, Jie Zhang, Chi-Wing Tsang, Haoquan Hu, Shaojie Li, Changhai Liang
Nb(Ta)-Based Solid Acid Modified Pt/Cnts Catalysts For Hydrodeoxygenation Of Lignin-Derived Compounds, Weixiang Guan, Xiao Chen, Chuang Li, Jie Zhang, Chi-Wing Tsang, Haoquan Hu, Shaojie Li, Changhai Liang
Faculty of Science & Technology (THEi)
Efficient upgrading of lignin bio-oils into oxygen-free liquid alkane fuels is a challenging task owing to the incompatibility of the phenolic feedstock with conventional fuels and the availability of effective hydrotreating catalysts based on the current refinery infrastructure. In this work, a series of solid acid nanosheets (HNbWO6, HNbMoO6, HTaWO6) modified Pt/CNTs bifunctional catalysts were evaluated in hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) of lignin-derived compounds. The effects of types of nanosheets and the synergistic effect between metal sites and acid sites were discussed via HDO of diphenyl ether. Pt/HNbWO6/CNTs catalyst exhibited the most efficient performance for the HDO of diphenyl ether to cyclohexane …
A Novel 3d Simulation Model For Investigating Liquid Desiccant Dehumidification Performance Based On Cfd Technology., Tao Wen, Yimo Luo, Lu Lin
A Novel 3d Simulation Model For Investigating Liquid Desiccant Dehumidification Performance Based On Cfd Technology., Tao Wen, Yimo Luo, Lu Lin
Faculty of Science & Technology (THEi)
Previous 2D CFD simulation models fail to elaborate the actual simultaneous flow and dehumidification process in liquid desiccant cooling system. Accordingly, the present study successfully developed a novel 3D simulation model for investigating the liquid desiccant dehumidification performance of a falling film dehumidifier. The penetration mass transfer model was implemented in the simulation to account for the interfacial dehumidification process. Experimental system was built for the model validation and the results indicated that the newly developed 3D CFD model could predict the absolute moisture removal accurately with an average deviation of 7%. Parametric study revealed that the dehumidification performance was …
Study On The Performance Of Distributed Energy Systems Based On Historical Loads Considering Parameter Uncertainties For Decision Making., Chong Zhang, Xue Xue, Qianzhou Du, Yimo Luo, Wenjie Gang
Study On The Performance Of Distributed Energy Systems Based On Historical Loads Considering Parameter Uncertainties For Decision Making., Chong Zhang, Xue Xue, Qianzhou Du, Yimo Luo, Wenjie Gang
Faculty of Science & Technology (THEi)
Distributed energy systems (DESs) are becoming increasingly popular because of their high-energy efficiency and low pollution emissions. Accurate performance evaluation of such systems is critical for processes at the early design stages. However, there are considerable uncertainties in terms of the parameters used for performance evaluation and design optimization, including component efficiencies, customer demands, and energy markets. These uncertainties can significantly influence the performance of DESs. Without consideration of these uncertainties, the performance of DESs can be overestimated or underestimated, which leads to inaccurate decision-making. Therefore, this paper presents a comprehensive evaluation of the performance of DESs by considering uncertainties …
Flexible Integration Of Liquid Air Energy Storage With Liquefied Natural Gas Regasification For Power Generation Enhancement, Xiaohui She, Tongtong Zhang, Lin Cong, Xiaodong Peng, Chuan Li, Yimo Luo, Yulong Ding
Flexible Integration Of Liquid Air Energy Storage With Liquefied Natural Gas Regasification For Power Generation Enhancement, Xiaohui She, Tongtong Zhang, Lin Cong, Xiaodong Peng, Chuan Li, Yimo Luo, Yulong Ding
Faculty of Science & Technology (THEi)
Liquid Air Energy Storage (LAES) is one of the most promising energy storage technologies for achieving low carbon emissions. Our research shows that the LAES produces a considerable amount of excess heat that cannot be cost-effectively utilised in a standalone LAES system. On the other hand, the regasification of liquefied natural gas (LNG) often leads to waste of a large amount of high-grade cold energy. Therefore, this paper proposes the integration of the LAES with the LNG regasification process via a Brayton cycle (denoted as LAES-Brayton-LNG), where pressurized propane is used as both the heat transfer fluid and storage material …
A Review Of Renewable Energy Assessment Methods In Green Building And Green Neighborhood Rating Systems, Chong Zhang, Chengliao Cui, Ying Zhang, Jiaqi Yuan, Yimo Luo, Wenjie Gang
A Review Of Renewable Energy Assessment Methods In Green Building And Green Neighborhood Rating Systems, Chong Zhang, Chengliao Cui, Ying Zhang, Jiaqi Yuan, Yimo Luo, Wenjie Gang
Faculty of Science & Technology (THEi)
Green buildings and neighborhoods can help mitigate impacts of buildings on the environment, society and economy. Many rating systems or tools have been developed worldwide to assess and certificate green buildings or green neighborhoods. Renewable energy plays an important role in achieving green buildings/neighborhoods or zero energy buildings/neighborhoods by reducing fuel consumption and pollution emissions. However, substantial differences exist in assessing or quantifying the renewable energy in green building/neighborhood rating systems. This paper therefore provides a comprehensive review on renewable energy assessment methods adopted in green building/neighborhood rating systems, which would be very helpful to understand and then improve the …
Biorefining Waste Sludge From Water And Sewage Treatment Plants Into Eco-Construction Material, Wai Nam Cheng, Haakrho Yi, Chun Fai Yu, Ho Fai Wong, Guoxiang Wang, Eilhann E. Kwon, Yiu Fai Tsang
Biorefining Waste Sludge From Water And Sewage Treatment Plants Into Eco-Construction Material, Wai Nam Cheng, Haakrho Yi, Chun Fai Yu, Ho Fai Wong, Guoxiang Wang, Eilhann E. Kwon, Yiu Fai Tsang
Faculty of Science & Technology (THEi)
© 2019 Cheng, Yi, Yu, Wong, Wang, Kwon and Tsang. This study aims to investigate the feasibility of using different waste sludge and coal combustion residuals in eco-concrete block production. The compressive strength of the eco-concrete blocks produced by waterworks sludge, bottom and fly ashes were 36 MPa, which comply with the standard specifications for paving blocks in Hong Kong. The optimal mixing proportion (by weight) of different materials in the blocks, such as aggregates, cementitious materials, water, and fly ash was 1.1:1.0:0.5:0.22, respectively. The environmental and toxicological impacts of the final products were then evaluated according to the toxicity …
Impact Of Potential Engine Malfunctions On Fuel Consumption And Gaseous Emissions Of A Euro Vi Diesel Truck., Yuhan Huang, Elvin C.Y. Ng, Yat-Shing Yam, Casey K.C. Lee, Surawski C. Nic, Wai-Chuen Mok, Organ Bruce, John L. Zhou, Edward F.C. Chan
Impact Of Potential Engine Malfunctions On Fuel Consumption And Gaseous Emissions Of A Euro Vi Diesel Truck., Yuhan Huang, Elvin C.Y. Ng, Yat-Shing Yam, Casey K.C. Lee, Surawski C. Nic, Wai-Chuen Mok, Organ Bruce, John L. Zhou, Edward F.C. Chan
Faculty of Science & Technology (THEi)
Although new vehicles are designed to comply with specific emission regulations, their in-service performance would not necessarily achieve them due to wear-and-tear and improper maintenance, as well as tampering or failure of engine control and exhaust after-treatment systems. In addition, there is a lack of knowledge on how significantly these potential malfunctions affect vehicle performance. This study was therefore conducted to simulate the effect of various engine malfunctions on the fuel consumption and gaseous emissions of a 16-tonne Euro VI diesel truck using transient chassis dynamometer testing. The simulated malfunctions included those that would commonly occur in the intake, fuel …
Study Of Behavior Of Plastic Modified Bitumen By Incorporating Carbon Black, Ho-Fai Wong, Hao-Jue Hong, Lai-Ming Leung, Tsz-Chun Fong, Yi-Fei Shen, Tsz-Hin Lo
Study Of Behavior Of Plastic Modified Bitumen By Incorporating Carbon Black, Ho-Fai Wong, Hao-Jue Hong, Lai-Ming Leung, Tsz-Chun Fong, Yi-Fei Shen, Tsz-Hin Lo
Faculty of Science & Technology (THEi)
In recent years, the performance of polymer modified bitumen has been widely studied. This study reports a research carried out to investigate the properties of polymer modified bitumen (PMB) by using polypropylene as modifier, carbon black as additives, to examine the optimum ratio of polypropylene to carbon black. With this objective, sample preparation using wet mixing method combining high shear mix was firstly performed. Subsequently, 18 samples were developed for the study, of which the polypropylene (PP) contents 10%, 12%, 14%, 16%, 18% and 20% with 2%, 3%, 4% of carbon black content. Afterwards, samples were characterized by standard tests …
Atmospheric Pressure Plasma‐Induced Decolorisation Of Cotton Knitted Fabric Dyed With Reactive Dye, Yaohui Liu, Chester Kin-Man To, Mei‐Ki Ngai, Chi-Wai Kan, Chua Hong
Atmospheric Pressure Plasma‐Induced Decolorisation Of Cotton Knitted Fabric Dyed With Reactive Dye, Yaohui Liu, Chester Kin-Man To, Mei‐Ki Ngai, Chi-Wai Kan, Chua Hong
Faculty of Science & Technology (THEi)
The aim of this study was to investigate the decolorisation effect of atmospheric pressure plasma treatment on knitted fabrics dyed with reactive dyes under different processing parameters, ie, air concentration, treatment duration and water content. The fabrics were dyed with reactive dye of a blue colour, and the colour depths were 0.5%, 1.5% and 3.0% on weight of fabric. The colour properties of untreated and plasma‐treated fabric samples were evaluated by means of reflectance, K/S and relative unlevelness index. The colour properties were evaluated instrumentally and quantitatively in order to study the decolorisation effect induced by atmospheric pressure plasma treatment. …
An Orthogonal Study Of Industrial Scale Colour Fading Process Of Cotton Fabric, Yaohui Liu, Chester Kin-Man To, Hiu-Yan Cheung, Chi-Wai Kan, Chua Hong
An Orthogonal Study Of Industrial Scale Colour Fading Process Of Cotton Fabric, Yaohui Liu, Chester Kin-Man To, Hiu-Yan Cheung, Chi-Wai Kan, Chua Hong
Faculty of Science & Technology (THEi)
Colour fading is now a popular process used for imparting a vintage look to textile and fashion products, which enhances market value because of the current fashion trends. This study examined a non-aqueous colour fading process with the use of oxygen plasma-induced ozone treatment. An industrial scale machine and commercially available red sulpur-dyed cotton fabric (with 0.5 %, 1.5 % and 2.5 % colour depths) were used in this study. Since the colour fading process factors are inter-related to each other, a specific experiment approach, i.e. orthogonal method, was used for obtaining the optimum conditions in an industrial scale colour …
Effect Of Limited Tension Stiffening In Rc Elements Under Cyclic Loads., Xueying Wang, Jun Shang Kuang
Effect Of Limited Tension Stiffening In Rc Elements Under Cyclic Loads., Xueying Wang, Jun Shang Kuang
Faculty of Science & Technology (THEi)
The tension capacity in cracked concrete is not well defined in existing shear models for reinforced concrete (RC) membrane elements under cyclic reversed loading, and the shear strength of RC elements is consequently overestimated due to the deviated decreasing branch of envelope of cyclic tensile stress-strain relationship. In this paper, the cyclic effect of limited tension stiffening of cracked RC elements is evaluated by proposing an analytical model named as the cyclic tension-stiffening fixed-angle truss model (CTFTM). The proposed model, based on fixed-angle theory, integrates unloading and reloading rules and accumulated damage into the limited tension-stiffening effect under cyclic loading …
Effects Of Eccentricity On Seismic Behavior Of Non-Seismically Designed Reinforced Concrete Beam-Column Joint, Ho-Fai Wong, Ying Liu, Sung-Hei Luk, Pok-Man Lee, Wing-Hei Kwong
Effects Of Eccentricity On Seismic Behavior Of Non-Seismically Designed Reinforced Concrete Beam-Column Joint, Ho-Fai Wong, Ying Liu, Sung-Hei Luk, Pok-Man Lee, Wing-Hei Kwong
Faculty of Science & Technology (THEi)
The staggering numbers of eccentric reinforced concrete beam-column joints without seismic design details were used in existing RC frame building due to geometrical constraints, which implied high susceptibility of the building structures to anticipated seismic risk. Three exterior RC beam-column joints were fabricated and tested, which were applied reversed cyclic loads to simulate seismic action. In this study, the effects of stirrup ratio in joints and the eccentricity which is defined as the distance between the axis of the beam and column on seismic performance are investigated. The test results provide a further understanding of the failure mode and shear …
Fragility Curves For Buildings In Hong Kong, Sung-Hei Luk, Ho-Fai Wong
Fragility Curves For Buildings In Hong Kong, Sung-Hei Luk, Ho-Fai Wong
Faculty of Science & Technology (THEi)
Fragility curves are the tools for evaluating the damage of structural or nonstructural components under different levels of ground excitation. It is also the necessary information for calculating the life-cycle cost of buildings during their design period. In this paper, development of fragility curves for buildings designed based on HK standard is presented. Two prototype models, which include three-storey and tenstorey reinforced concrete rigid frames, were considered. Incremental dynamic analysis was conducted under nine sets of past earthquake records with scaled peak ground accelerations. Maximum inter-storey drift ratio was selected as the damage indices and three performance levels were considered. …
Generation And Reactivity Of A One-Electron Oxidized Manganese(V) Imido Complex Bearing A Macrocyclic Tetraamido Ligand, Huatian Shi, Jianhui Xie Xie, William W. Y. Lam, Wai‐Lun Man, Chi‐Keung Mak, Shek‐Man Yiu, Hung Kay Lee, Tai‐Chu Lau
Generation And Reactivity Of A One-Electron Oxidized Manganese(V) Imido Complex Bearing A Macrocyclic Tetraamido Ligand, Huatian Shi, Jianhui Xie Xie, William W. Y. Lam, Wai‐Lun Man, Chi‐Keung Mak, Shek‐Man Yiu, Hung Kay Lee, Tai‐Chu Lau
Faculty of Science & Technology (THEi)
The synthesis and X‐ray structure of a new manganese(V) mesitylimido complex with a tetraamido macrocyclic ligand (TAML), [MnV(TAML)(N‐Mes)]− (1), are reported. Compound 1 is oxidized by [(p‐BrC6H4)3N]+.[SbCl6]− and the resulting MnVI species readily undergoes H‐atom transfer and nitrene transfer reactions.
Study Of The Efficacy Of Probiotic Bacteria To Reduce Process-Induced Toxicant -Acrylamide, Siu Mei, Emily Choi
Study Of The Efficacy Of Probiotic Bacteria To Reduce Process-Induced Toxicant -Acrylamide, Siu Mei, Emily Choi
Faculty of Science & Technology (THEi)
Human exposure to various potential food contaminants or process-induced food toxicants has an increasing public health concern. Acrylamide is one of the process-induced toxicants that is formed when foods, especially those with high carbohydrate and rich in asparagine, are cooked at high temperature of 120oC or above in the presence of reducing sugar particularly glucose and fructose in Maillard browning reaction. The presence of acrylamide in food arose the public health concern due to its potential carcinogenicity and genotoxicity. In this study, the new approach to reduce acrylamide by probiotic bacteria was investigated. Two major food groups, potato chips and …
Nimoal Catalysts Derived From Heptamolybdate-Intercalated Layered Double Hydroxides For Hydrodeoxygenation Of Anisole, Chuang Li, Xingzhao Zhang, Xiao Chen, Zhijian Peng, Chi-Wing Tsang, Changhai Liang
Nimoal Catalysts Derived From Heptamolybdate-Intercalated Layered Double Hydroxides For Hydrodeoxygenation Of Anisole, Chuang Li, Xingzhao Zhang, Xiao Chen, Zhijian Peng, Chi-Wing Tsang, Changhai Liang
Faculty of Science & Technology (THEi)
The catalytic performance of NiMoAl catalysts derived from layered double hydroxide (LDH) precursors with molybdenum species incorporated into the interlayers was investigated for the hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) of anisole as a model compound of the lignin. The results showed that high dispersion of small Ni nanoparticles with 2–5 nm due to the pinning effect of Mo from Mo7O246− intercalated the LDHs. Due to presence of the oxygen vacancy sites on the molybdenum oxide, the NiMoAl catalysts exhibit higher conversion of anisole than the corresponding NiAl catalyst. The activity for hydrodeoxygenation was enhanced with the increased content of molybdenum species, which can …
A Modified Method Of High Molecular Weight Adsorbable Organic Chlorine Measurement In Saline Water: Dialysis Pretreatment, Jiajian Liu, Li Ling, Yi Li, Chao Wang, Chii Shang
A Modified Method Of High Molecular Weight Adsorbable Organic Chlorine Measurement In Saline Water: Dialysis Pretreatment, Jiajian Liu, Li Ling, Yi Li, Chao Wang, Chii Shang
Faculty of Science & Technology (THEi)
Adsorbable organic halogen is a mean to quantify total organic halogen, which is an important toxicity indicator in disinfection byproduct studies. However, quantification of low concentrations of adsorbable organic chlorine (AOCl) formation in seawater chlorination using the USEPAMethod 9020Bwas found inaccurate due to the presence of high concentrations of chloride. In this study, a dialysis-based pretreatment techniquewas proposed, optimized and adopted to eliminate the interference of chloride in quantifying low concentrations of AOCl inseawater. A volumetric ratio of dialysis samples to continuous-flow deionized water at 1:1200 was found sufficient to remove over 99% of chloride. As a result, chloride to …
Revitalizing The Moment Distribution Method: A Fast And Exact Analysis Of Multibay, Multi-Story Frames., Jackson Kong, Simon Ho Fai Wong
Revitalizing The Moment Distribution Method: A Fast And Exact Analysis Of Multibay, Multi-Story Frames., Jackson Kong, Simon Ho Fai Wong
Faculty of Science & Technology (THEi)
The conventional moment distribution method is revitalized with a new approach which requires only one-cycle of balance and carry-over and no iteration. For a continuous beam, the method begins by assuming the value of the balancing moment, say x, at the first joint. By invoking the moment equilibrium condition successively from the first towards the last joints, balancing and carry-over moments at other joints can be determined in terms of the unknown x without iteration. By means of moment equilibrium of the last joint, the unknown x can be solved exactly, regardless of the number of spans, and the final …
Experimental Study Of A Novel Subcooling Method Based On Liquid Desiccant Dehumidification For Vapor-Compression Refrigeration Systems., Xiaohui She, Yonggao Yin, Yimo Luo, Lindeman Brett, Dan Zhong, Xiaosong Zhang
Experimental Study Of A Novel Subcooling Method Based On Liquid Desiccant Dehumidification For Vapor-Compression Refrigeration Systems., Xiaohui She, Yonggao Yin, Yimo Luo, Lindeman Brett, Dan Zhong, Xiaosong Zhang
Faculty of Science & Technology (THEi)
Refrigerant subcooling could increase the refrigerating capacity and potentially improve the performance of refrigeration systems. In this paper, a novel subcooling method is experimentally studied for the first time in a hybrid vapor compression refrigeration system. In this system, condensation heat (~40 °C) is used to drive an integrated subcooling cycle to subcool the refrigerant leaving the condenser, which significantly increases the system performance. Changes in system performance are measured as functions of the following variables: the mass flow rates of the dehumidification air, ambient air, dehumidification solution, regeneration solution, and spraying water. Comparisons are made between the proposed system …
Investigation Of Association Of Chemical Profiles With The Tracheobronchial Relaxant Activity Of Chinese Medicinal Herb Beimu Derived From Various Fritillaria Species., Xu Wu, Shun-Wan Chan, Jiang Ma, Ping Li, Pang-Chui Shaw, Ge Lin
Investigation Of Association Of Chemical Profiles With The Tracheobronchial Relaxant Activity Of Chinese Medicinal Herb Beimu Derived From Various Fritillaria Species., Xu Wu, Shun-Wan Chan, Jiang Ma, Ping Li, Pang-Chui Shaw, Ge Lin
Faculty of Science & Technology (THEi)
Ethnopharmacological relevance Fritillariae Bulbus (Beimu in Chinese) is derived from the bulbus of many Fritillaria species (family Liliaceae), which has been used as an antitussive herb in traditional Chinese medicine for more than 2000 years. Due to the complexity of plant origins and significant variations in chemical profiles, the characterization of the profile of the major bioactive constituents and its association with pharmacological activity are important for the quality control of Beimu herbs from different origins. Aim of the study This study aims to investigate the distribution of major bioactive isosteroidal alkaloids in Beimu herbs of different origins and its …
Comparative Study Of On-Off Control And Novel High- Low Control Of Regenerative Indirect Evaporative Cooler (Riec)., Yi Chen, Huaxia Yan, Hongxing Yang
Comparative Study Of On-Off Control And Novel High- Low Control Of Regenerative Indirect Evaporative Cooler (Riec)., Yi Chen, Huaxia Yan, Hongxing Yang
Faculty of Science & Technology (THEi)
The main characteristic of an indirect evaporative cooler (IEC) is its dependency on ambient air conditions. To ensure stable indoor temperature and provide better thermal comfort for the occupants, proper control strategy is essential. However, very limited studies report the controller used in IEC. Therefore, two control schemes are comparatively studied for regenerative indirect evaporative cooler (RIEC) application, including conventional on-off control and newly proposed high-low (H-L) control. Under on-off control scheme, the fans are either in operation at constant rated speeds or turned off if the indoor temperature is satisfied. While under H-L control scheme, the fans would be …
Gaseous Pollutants Emission From Diesel Vehicles In Hong Kong, Bei, Helen Wang, Yik Sze Lau, Kin Fai Ho
Gaseous Pollutants Emission From Diesel Vehicles In Hong Kong, Bei, Helen Wang, Yik Sze Lau, Kin Fai Ho
Faculty of Science & Technology (THEi)
The current study presents the detailed investigation of diesel vehicles emissions utilizing chassis dynamometer test in Hong Kong. Gaseous pollutants from diesel vehicle exhaust, including nitrogen oxides (NOx), total hydrocarbon (THC) and carbon monoxide (CO), are chosen to be the targets of this study. These pollutants were monitored real-time during different testing cycles and the data collected were used to calculate the fuel-based emission factor of each pollutant. Results showed that emission standard and driving conditions are the two main factors governing the trend of emission of these pollutants. Outliers observed in these trends are probably caused by …
Mechanism Of Water Oxidation By Ferrate(Vi) At Ph 7 – 9., Gui Chen, William W. Y. Lam, Po‐Kam Lo, Wai‐Lun Man, Lingjing Chen, Kai‐Chung Lau, Tai‐Chu Lau
Mechanism Of Water Oxidation By Ferrate(Vi) At Ph 7 – 9., Gui Chen, William W. Y. Lam, Po‐Kam Lo, Wai‐Lun Man, Lingjing Chen, Kai‐Chung Lau, Tai‐Chu Lau
Faculty of Science & Technology (THEi)
The kinetics of water oxidation by K2FeO4 has been reinvestigated by UV/Vis spectrophotometry from pH 7–9 in 0.2 m phosphate buffer. The rate of reaction was found to be second‐order in both [FeO42−] and [H+]. These results are consistent with a proposed mechanism in which the first step involves the initial equilibrium protonation of FeO42− to give FeO3(OH)−, which then undergoes rate‐limiting O−O bond formation. Analysis of the O2 isotopic composition for the reaction in H218O suggests that the predominant pathway for water oxidation by ferrate is intramolecular O−O coupling. DFT calculations have also been performed, which support the proposed …
Reduction Of Ruviºn To Ruiii-Nh3 By Cysteine In Aqueous Solution, Qian Wang, Wai-Lun Man, William W. Y. Lam, Shek-Man Yiu, Man-Kit Tse, Tai‐Chu Lau
Reduction Of Ruviºn To Ruiii-Nh3 By Cysteine In Aqueous Solution, Qian Wang, Wai-Lun Man, William W. Y. Lam, Shek-Man Yiu, Man-Kit Tse, Tai‐Chu Lau
Faculty of Science & Technology (THEi)
The reduction of metal nitride to ammonia is a key step in biological and chemical nitrogen fixation. We report herein the facile reduction of a ruthenium(VI) nitrido complex [(L)RuVI(N)(OH2)]+ (1, L = N,N′-bis(salicylidene)-o-cyclohexyldiamine dianion) to [(L)RuIII(NH3)(OH2)]+ by l-cysteine (Cys), an ubiquitous biological reductant, in aqueous solution. At pH 1.0–5.3, the reaction has the following stoichiometry: [(L)RuVI(N)(OH2)]+ + 3HSCH2CH(NH3)CO2 → [(L)RuIII(NH3)(OH2)]+ + 1.5(SCH2CH(NH3)CO2)2. Kinetic studies show that at pH 1 the reaction consists of two phases, while at pH 5 there are three distinct phases. For all phases the rate law is rate = k2[1][Cys]. Studies on the effects of acidity …
Four Hapten Spacer Sites Modulating Class Specificity: Nondirectional Multianalyte Immunoassay For 31 Β-Agonists And Analogues., Lanteng Wang, Wenmeng Jiang, Xing Shen, Xiangmei Li, Xin-An Huang, Zhenlin Xu, Yuanming Sun, Shun-Wan Chan, Lingwen Zeng, Eremin Sergei Alexandrovich, Hongtao Lei
Four Hapten Spacer Sites Modulating Class Specificity: Nondirectional Multianalyte Immunoassay For 31 Β-Agonists And Analogues., Lanteng Wang, Wenmeng Jiang, Xing Shen, Xiangmei Li, Xin-An Huang, Zhenlin Xu, Yuanming Sun, Shun-Wan Chan, Lingwen Zeng, Eremin Sergei Alexandrovich, Hongtao Lei
Faculty of Science & Technology (THEi)
Immunoassay methods are important for monitoring β-agonists illegally used for reducing animal fat deposition in livestock. However, there is no simultaneous screening surveillance immunoassay for detecting various β-agonist chemicals that are possibly present in food. In this study, through the use of an R-(−)-salbutamol derivative as the immunizing hapten, an antibody recognizing 31 β-agonists and analogues was generated for the first time. Three-dimensional quantitative structure–activity relationship (3D QSAR) revealed that strong steric and hydrophobic fields around the hapten spacer near C-2, as well as a chirality at C-1′, dominantly modulated the class specificity of the raised antibody. However, a hapten …
Inherent Operational Characteristics Aided Fuzzy Logic Controller For A Variable Speed Direct Expansion Air Conditioning System For Simultaneous Indoor Air Temperature And Humidity Control., Huaxia Yan, Yudong Xia, Xiangguo Xu, Shiming Deng
Inherent Operational Characteristics Aided Fuzzy Logic Controller For A Variable Speed Direct Expansion Air Conditioning System For Simultaneous Indoor Air Temperature And Humidity Control., Huaxia Yan, Yudong Xia, Xiangguo Xu, Shiming Deng
Faculty of Science & Technology (THEi)
Direct expansion air conditioning systems are widely installed in small-to medium- scale buildings due to their advantages of simple configuration, high energy efficiency and low cost to own and maintain. The two main targets of air conditioning operation include improving the system operational efficiency and energy efficiency. Stable system operational efficiency is directly related with the operation of electronic expansion valves and degree of superheat at the outlet of evaporator. In this paper, an adaptive DS controller is developed to improve the system operational efficiency based the experimental performance of a DX A/C system and reported. The adaptive DS controller …
Energy-Efficient And -Economic Technologies For Vapor Compression Refrigeration Systems: A Comprehensive Review., Xiaohui She, Lin Cong, Binjian Nie, Guanghui Leng, Hao Peng, Yi Chen, Xiaosong Zhang, Tao Wen, Hongxing Yang, Yimo Luo
Energy-Efficient And -Economic Technologies For Vapor Compression Refrigeration Systems: A Comprehensive Review., Xiaohui She, Lin Cong, Binjian Nie, Guanghui Leng, Hao Peng, Yi Chen, Xiaosong Zhang, Tao Wen, Hongxing Yang, Yimo Luo
Faculty of Science & Technology (THEi)
Vapor Compression Refrigeration Systems (VCRS) are widely used to provide cooling or freezing for domestic/office buildings, supermarkets, data centres, etc., which expend 15% of globally electricity and contribute to ∼10% of greenhouse gas emissions globally. It is reported that cooling demand is expected to grow tenfold by 2050. Therefore, it is critical to improve the efficiency of the VCRS. In this paper, a comprehensive review of advanced and hot technologies is conducted for the VCRS. These technologies include radiative cooling, cold energy storage, defrosting and frost-free, temperature and humidity independent control (THIC), ground source heat pump (GSHP), refrigerant subcooling, and …