Digital Commons Network^™

The Iron-Responsive Genome Of The Chiton Acanthopleura Granulata, Rebecca M. Varney, Daniel Isaac Speiser, Carmel Mcdougall, Bernard M. Degnan, Kevin M. Kocot

Faculty Publications

Molluscs biomineralize structures that vary in composition, form, and function, prompting questions about the genetic mechanisms responsible for their production and the evolution of these mechanisms. Chitons (Mollusca, Polyplacophora) are a promising system for studies of biomineralization because they build a range of calcified structures including shell plates and spine- or scale-like sclerites. Chitons also harden the calcified teeth of their rasp-like radula with a coat of iron (as magnetite). Here we present the genome of the West Indian fuzzy chiton Acanthopleura granulata, the first from any aculiferan mollusc. The A. granulata genome contains homologs of many genes associated …

Examining Eating Attitudes And Behaviors In Collegiate Athletes, The Association Between Orthorexia Nervosa And Eating Disorders, Nancy A. Uriegas, Zachary K. Winkelmann, Kelly Pritchett, Toni M. Torres-Mcgehee

Faculty Publications

Orthorexia nervosa (Orthorexia) is an eating attitude and behavior associated with a fixation on healthy eating, while eating disorders (EDs) are clinically diagnosed psychiatric disorders associated with marked disturbances in eating that may cause impairment to psychosocial and physical health. The purpose of this study was to examine risk for Orthorexia and EDs in student-athletes across sex and sport type and determine the association between the two. Student-athletes ( = 1,090; age: 19.6 ± 1.4 years; females = 756; males = 334) completed a survey including demographics, the ORTO-15 test (values), the Eating Attitudes Test-26 (EAT-26; >20 score), and additional …

Exertional Heat Illness Risk Factors And Physiological Responses Of Youth Football Players, Susan W. Yeargin, John J. Dickinson, Dawn M. Emerson, Jessica Koller, Toni M. Torres-Mcgehee, Zachary Y. Kerr

Faculty Publications

OBJECTIVE: To determine which intrinsic and extrinsic exertional heat illness (EHI) risk factors exist in youth American football players and observe perceptual and physiological responses of players during events (games and practices). METHODS: Cross-sectional cohort study observing 63 youth football players, varying in position. Independent variables were league (weight-restricted (WR, n = 27) and age-restricted (AR, n = 36)) and event type. Dependent variables were anthropometrics, work-to-rest ratio, and wet bulb globe temperature. Descriptive variables included preparticipation examination and uniform configuration. A subset of 16 players participated in physiological variables (heart rate and gastrointestinal temperature). Data collection occurred on 7 …

What’S In A Name? Strict Scrutiny And The Right To A Public Trial, Stephen Smith

Faculty Publications

The right to a public trial has only rarely been addressed by the Supreme Court, but in Waller v. Georgia, the Court set forth a test for determining when it is appropriate to close a courtroom to the public, despite the general public trial command. The language of the Waller test suggests great rigor. This essay proposes a reconsideration of the test for courtroom closures, rethinking whether traditional strict scrutiny thinking is appropriate in this constitutional and practical context. That said, this essay does not argue with Waller’s broad outlines. Courts making closure decisions should consider reasons and …

Configurational-Based Institutional Analysis: Unbundling The Multi-Dimensional State Fragility Construct, Joshua K. Ault, Andrew Spicer

Faculty Publications

To guide researchers interested in replicating our configurational approach to comparative institutional analysis, we report on a methodology that builds from existing state fragility indices to differentiate between types of state fragility in 189 countries across the world. We first present the steps we used to identify three constituent dimensions of state fragility. We then report how we configured these first-order institutional measures to build a large-N, fuzzy set qualitative set analysis (fs/QCA) of variation in the degree and type of informal economic sectors found across the world. Our discussion of the methodology shows that:

• Configurational-based analysis requires unbundling aggregate …

The ‘Intellectual Diversity’ Crisis That Isn’T: Liberal Faculties, Conservative Victims, And The Cynical Effort To Undermine Higher Education For Political Gain, Sean Kammer

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Covid, Constitution, Individualism, And Death, Neil Fulton

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Listening To A Listener: Dedication To Professor Emeritus Jonathan Van Patten, Thomas Simmons

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Restraining The Unsupervised Fiduciary, Thomas Simmons, Andrew Knutson

Faculty Publications

In 2020, Governor Kristi Noem signed South Dakota's slightly tweaked version of the Uniform Power of Attorney Act (UPOAA) into law. That uniform act-now enacted in a total of twenty-eight states since approved by the Uniform Law Commissioners in 2006, represents a significant advancement in clarifying and regulating the use of powers of attorney. Given the widespread use of powers of attorney and their great potential for abuse and misuse, a comprehensive set of rules-both default and mandatory-is warranted. This article summarizes the UPOAA as well as the history of uniform acts which preceded it. The arrangement and structure of …

Review Of Ben Nobbs-Thiessen, Landscape Of Migration: Mobility And Environmental Change On Bolivia's Tropical Frontier, 1952 To The Present, Rebecca Janzen

Faculty Publications

Ben Nobbs-Thiessen, Landscape of Migration: Mobility and Environmental Change on Bolivia's Tropical Frontier, 1952 to the Present. Chapel Hill: UNC Press, 2020. Pp. 342. Softcover, $37.50 USD.

Review Of Gómez Unamuno, Aurelia. Entre Fuego, Memoria Y Violencia De Estado: Los Textos Literarios Y Testimoniales Del Movimiento Armado En México. A Contracorriente, 2020. 578 Pp., Rebecca Janzen

Faculty Publications

Gómez Unamuno, Aurelia. Entre fuego, memoria y violencia de Estado: los textos literarios y testimoniales del movimiento armado en México. A Contracorriente, 2020. 578 pp.

Teachers Connecting With Rural Students And Places: A Mixed Methods Analysis, Angie Starrett, Jan A. Yow Ph.D., Christine Lotter Ph.D., Matthew J. Irvin Ph.D., Paula Adams

Faculty Publications

Our study explores how teachers’ living proximity to their school and level of social connection to their rural community may influence implementation of place-based education and student-teacher relationships in mathematics and science classrooms. Both quantitative and qualitative results from 4126 students and 19 teachers reveal homegrown teachers (live in community where they grew up) highly value and excel at student-teacher relationships. Conversely, less socially connected commuters excel at implementing place-based education. Implications of our study provide new directions for recruiting rural teachers, aside from focusing on those from within the rural community.

Active Uplift Of Southern Tibet Revealed, Michael Taylor, Adam Forte, Andrew Laskowski, Lin Ding

Faculty Publications

North of the Himalayas is the Tibetan plateau-the largest physiographic feature on Earth related to intercontinental collision. Here, we study the rugged Gangdese Range along the southern drainage divide of the Tibetan plateau using a synthesis of geologic, thermochronologic, and interseismic geodetic observations that reveal that southern Tibet's Gangdese Range is undergoing active surface uplift at present-day rates rivaling the Himalaya. Uplift has likely been sustained since the early Miocene, and we hypothesize that surface uplift of the Gangdese Mountains led to the development of Tibet's internally drained plateau, as well as potentially reversed the course of the paleo Yarlung …

Virtual Reality As A Versatile Tool For Research, Dissemination And Mediation In The Humanities, Paul François, Jeffrey Leichman, Florent Laroche, Françoise Rubellin

Faculty Publications

The VESPACE project aims to revive an evening of theatre at the Foire Saint-Germain in Paris in the 18th century, by recreating spaces, atmospheres and theatrical entertainment in virtual reality. The venues of this fair have disappeared without leaving any archaeological traces, so their digital reconstruction requires fusing many different sources, including the expertise of historians, as well as of historians of theatre and literature. In this article, we present how we have used video game creation tools to enable the use of virtual reality in three key research stages in the human sciences, and particularly, in history or archaeology: …

Content Controlled Spectral Indices For Detection Of Hydrothermal Alteration Minerals Based On Machine Learning And Lasso-Logistic Regression Analysis, Kyuhun Shim, Jaehyung Yu, Lei Wang, Sangin Lee, Sang Mo Koh, Bum Han Lee

Faculty Publications

This article introduced the quantity controlled spectral indices working at mineral contents higher than 5 wt.% for detection of sericite, chlorite, and pyrophyllite, which are the representative alteration minerals of phyllic, propylitic, and advanced argillic hydrothermal alterations. The X-ray diffraction analysis revealed that the samples are mostly pure with minor content of quartz. The absorption features of target minerals showed systematic decrease in absorption depth with decrease in the mineral content, and the changes varied by mineral types. A total of 1253 target mineral spectra and 605 nontarget mineral spectra were classified by a random forest model, which achieved an …

A Short Text Classification Method Based On Convolutional Neural Network And Semantic Extension, Haitao Wang, Keke Tian, Zhengjiang Wu, Lei Wang

Faculty Publications

In order to solve the problem that traditional short text classification methods do not perform well on short text due to the data sparsity and insufficient semantic features, we propose a short text classification method based on convolutional neural network and semantic extension. Firstly, we propose an improved similarity to improve the coverage of the word vector table in the short text preprocessing process. Secondly, we propose a method for semantic expansion of short texts, which adding an attention mechanism to the neural network model to find related words in the short text, and semantic expansion is performed at the …

Fear Of Zika: Information Seeking As Cause And Consequence, James Price Dillard, Ruobing Li, Chun Yang

Faculty Publications

This study examined the relationship between information seeking and fear during the Zika-induced global health crisis. A longitudinal survey of women in the Southern U.S. (N = 306) was conducted in 2016, beginning just days after the World Health Organization declared Zika a global crisis. The data showed that time 1 fear stimulated information seeking at time 2 and that time 2 information seeking caused fear at time 3. This pattern held regardless of whether participants were pregnant or planning to become pregnant (high personal relevance) versus neither (low personal relevance). The findings are at odds with most theories of …

Personal Bankruptcy And The Accumulation Of Shadow Debt, Bronson Argyle, Benjamin Iverson, Taylor Nadauld, Christopher Palmer

Faculty Publications

Compiling new liability-level data from the balance sheets of personal bankruptcy filers, we document that a sizable share of reported liabilities are “shadow debt,” debt not reported to credit bureaus that often arises from the non-payment of goods and services. We use this new data to evaluate how debtor cash flows affect when consumers file for bankruptcy and how much debt they have at bankruptcy. We find that filers respond to a quasi-exogenous $100 increase in monthly cash flows by delaying filing by an average of one month and by increasing unsecured indebtedness by $4,000 in the months preceding filing. …

Were There Fire Sales In The Rmbs Market?, Craig B. Merrill, Taylor Nadauld, René M. Stulz, Shane M. Sherlun

Faculty Publications

Many observers have argued that the fall in RMBS prices during the crisis was partly caused by fire sales. Using a unique dataset of RMBS transactions for insurance compa- nies, we show evidence supportive of a role, at the transaction level, of forced sales that occurred at discounted prices relative to fundamentals, and find that the RMBS market behaved as a whole as would be expected in the presence of fire sales. We show that risk- sensitive capital requirements and mark-to-market accounting can jointly create incentives for financial institutions subject to adverse capital shocks to sell stressed securities.

Market Predators, Lauren Cohen, Karl B. Diether, Christopher Malloy

Faculty Publications

We find evidence of predatory trading in the corporate bond market. Exploiting novel data on the short selling behavior of institutional investors, we demonstrate that short sellers target those bonds likely to experience the largest negative events in the future: bonds about to be downgraded to junk status, and specifically those held by insurance companies and other institutions that are required to liquidate when bonds fall to junk status. We show that shorting in these bonds predicts large negative returns, which largely reverse over the next year. Short sellers’ trading activity is premeditated: they build up large short positions in …

How Martin Luther Transformed Marriage, Trevor O'Reggio

Faculty Publications

An analysis of Luther’s views on marriage and family will reveal that Luther’s reformation was not just theological but also profoundly sociological. His rejection of celibacy as a form of superior spirituality, his elevation of marriage and family life to the arena of spirituality, his moderate ideas on divorce are now commonly accepted views among the Christian community.

The American Virus: Racism, Trevor O'Reggio

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

The Prosperity Gospel And The Church In Africa: A Missiological Assessment In The Light Of The Great Commission, Boubakar Sanou

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

A Megastudy Of Text-Based Nudges Encouraging Patients To Get Vaccinated At An Upcoming Doctor’S Appointment, Katherine L. Milkman, Mitesh S. Patel, Linnea Gandhi, Heather N. Graci, Dena M. Gromet, Hung Ho, Brigitte C. Madrian

Faculty Publications

Many Americans fail to get life-saving vaccines each year, and the availability of a vaccine for COVID-19 makes the challenge of encouraging vaccination more urgent than ever. We present a large field experiment (N = 47,306) testing 19 nudges delivered to patients via text message and designed to boost adoption of the influenza vaccine. Our findings suggest that text messages sent prior to a primary care visit can boost vaccination rates by an average of 5%. Overall, interventions performed better when they were 1) framed as reminders to get flu shots that were already reserved for the patient and 2) …

Spoken Discourse Assessment And Analysis In Aphasia: An International Survey Of Current Practices, Tyson G. Harmon, Brielle C. Stark, Manaswita Dutta, Laura L. Murray, Davida Fromm, Lucy Bryant

Faculty Publications

Purpose

Spoken discourse analysis is commonly employed in the assessment and treatment of people living with aphasia, yet there is no standardization in assessment, analysis, or reporting procedures, thereby precluding comparison/meta-analyses of data and hindering replication of findings. An important first step is to identify current practices in collecting and analyzing spoken discourse in aphasia. Thus, this study surveyed current practices, with the goal of working toward standardizing spoken discourse assessment first in research settings with subsequent implementation into clinical settings.

Method

A mixed-methods (quantitative and qualitative) survey was publicized to researchers and clinicians around the globe who have collected …

Opportunities For Information Systems Scholars To Help Address Global Crises, James Gaskin, Warren Rosengren

Faculty Publications

As of yet, most applied information systems (IS) research has been concentrated on the problems facing privately owned institutions in developed nations. Now that the IS field has matured and applied research has begun to take a bigger role in the IS community, we have the opportunity to tackle not only traditional information systems problems but also global crises affecting billions of people. There are an abundance of major societal, global, and environmental crises that information systems scholars can help address. In this paper, we review the AIS Senior Scholars’ Basket of Eight (AIS-8) journals to determine their coverage of …

Surrogation Fundamentals: Measurement And Cognition, Paul Black, Thomas Meservy, William B. Tayler, Jeffrey O. Williams

Faculty Publications

Measurement is a fundamental part of accounting. A primary purpose of measurement is to provide more concrete representations of abstract strategic objectives. A potential consequence of using measures to proxy for less-tangible strategic constructs is the tendency for managers to fall prey to surrogation, losing sight of strategic constructs and behaving as though measures are the constructs of interest. We show that surrogation is a nonconscious process. We also extend understanding of the conditions necessary for surrogation to occur by showing that mere awareness of measurement (even absent compensation) is sufficient to induce surrogation. These findings have implications for any …

Internal Audit Stigma Impairs Internal Audit Outcomes, Marc Eulerich, Joleen Kremin, K. Kelli Saunders, David A. Wood

Faculty Publications

Prior research finds that the internal audit function (IAF) plays a critical role in organizations, yet there is still a stigma toward the profession. We examine how this stigma affects internal audit outcomes, using three different data sources: survey results from parts of Europe and the United States and an experiment. We find that when practicing internal auditors in parts of Europe and the U.S. believe there is a negative stigma about internal auditing, they report negative work outcomes, including less ability to add value, less influence in the organization, more resistance to implementing their recommendations, and more pressure to …

Prepare For Takeoff: Improving Asset Measurement And Audit Quality With Drone-Enabled Inventory Audit Procedures, Margaret H. Christ, Scott A. Emett, Scott L. Summers, David A. Wood

Faculty Publications

Auditors increasingly employ technologies to improve audit quality. Using a design science approach, we examine whether using drones and automated counting software can improve audit quality and thereby improve financial reporting. We assess three dimensions of audit quality—efficiency, effectiveness, and quality of audit documentation. We provide evidence that auditors can perform inventory counts with these technologies much more efficiently than they can with manual techniques, decreasing count time in our study from 681 hours to 19 hours. At the same time, auditors can maintain or improve audit effectiveness with these technologies, decreasing error rates in our study from 0.15% to …

Anonymous Equity Research, Travis Dyer, Eunjee Kim

Faculty Publications

Crowdsourced financial information platforms often allow content contributors to publish equity research anonymously. This study examines whether investors value or discount information in anonymous equity research. In the short window around research releases, we find that investors’ stock price reaction to anonymous research is muted in comparison to nonanonymous research. Consistent with credibility concerns influencing investor response, we document that this discount to anonymous research dissipates as the monitoring of content contributors intensifies and as authors develop a reputation for high-quality reporting. In addition, we perform a content analysis on the research reports and find that the muted market reaction …