Digital Commons Network^™

Justice Unconceived: How Posterity Has Rights, Aaron-Andrew P. Bruhl

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Raw Classics: A.G. Rizzoli, Jo Farb Hernandez

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

The Metes And Bounds Of State Sovereign Immunity, Scott Dodson

Faculty Publications

What are the constitutional parameters of state sovereign immunity? The Court has made clear that certain provisions of Article I contain no authority for overriding state sovereign immunity, while at least one other provision, the Fourteenth Amendment, permits Congress to abrogate the states’ sovereign immunity. How is this constitutional line drawn? It is temporally bound? In other words, are only certain Amendments enacted after the Eleventh Amendment free from absolute subservience to state sovereign immunity? Or, does it divide the original Constitution and its Amendments, meaning that state sovereign immunity permeates the original Constitution but does not infiltrate certain Amendments, …

Crisis And Constitutionalism, Michael J. Gerhardt

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Machine-Learned Contexts For Linguistic Operations In German Sentence Realization, Eric K. Ringger, Simon Corston-Oliver, Michael Gamon, Robert Moore

Faculty Publications

We show that it is possible to learn the contexts for linguistic operations which map a semantic representation to a surface syntactic tree in sentence realization with high accuracy. We cast the problem of learning the contexts for the linguistic operations as classification tasks, and apply straightforward machine learning techniques, such as decision tree learning. The training data consist of linguistic features extracted from syntactic and semantic representations produced by a linguistic analysis system. The target features are extracted from links to surface syntax trees. Our evidence consists of four examples from the German sentence realization system code-named Amalgam: case …

Intelligent Segmentation Tools, William A. Barrett, Eric N. Mortensen, L. Jack Reese

Faculty Publications

Intelligent Scissors and Intelligent Paint are complementary interactive image segmentation tools that allow a user to quickly and accurately select objects of interest using simple gesture motions with a mouse. With Intelligent Scissors. when the cursor position comes in proximity to an object edge, a live-wire boundary “snaps” to, and wraps around the object of interest. The Intelligent Paint tool uses the cursor position to sample the image data interior to the object and grows the current region, in discrete, snapping increments, to include similar neighboring regions. Both techniques make use of a watershed algorithm called toboganning. Wth Intelligent Scissors, …

Propagation Of Detonation Waves In Tubes Split From A Pde Thrust Tube, August J. Rolling, Paul I. King, Fred R. Schauer

Faculty Publications

A Pulse Detonation Engine (PDE) combusts a fuel air mixture through detonation. Existing designs require spark plugs in each separate thrust tube to ignite premixed reactants. A single thrust tube could require the spark plug to fire hundreds of times per second for long durations. This paper reports on the use of a continuously propagating detonation wave as both a thrust producer and a single ignition source for a multi-tube system. The goal was to minimize ignition complexity and increase reliability by limiting the number of ignition sources. The work includes a systematic investigation of single tube geometric effects on …

Exclusive Photoproduction Of J/Ψ Mesons At Hera, S. Chekanov, D. Krakauer, S. Magill, B. Musgrave, A. Pellegrino, J. Repond, R. Yoshida, Margarita C. K. Mattingly, P. Antonioli, G. Bari, M. Basile, L. Bellagamba, D. Boscherini, A. Bruni, G. Bruni, G. Cara Romeo, L. Cifarelli, F. Cindolo, A. Contin, M. Corradi, S. De Pasquale, P. Giusti, G. Iacobucci, G. Levi, A. Margotti, T. Massam, R. Nania, F. Palmonari, A. Pesci, G. Sartorelli, A. Zichichi

Faculty Publications

The exclusive photoproduction of J/ψ mesons, γp → J/ψp, has been studied in ep collisions with the ZEUS detector at HERA, in the kinematic range 20 < W < 290 GeV, where W is the photon-proton centre-of-mass energy. The J/ψ mesons were reconstructed in the ninon and the electron decay channels using integrated luminosities of 38 pb-1 and 55 pb-1, respectively. The helicity structure of J/ψ production shows that the hypothesis of s-channel helicity conservation is satisfied within two standard deviations. The total cross section and the differential cross-section dσ/dt, where t is the squared four-momentum transfer at the proton vertex, are presented as a function of W, for |t| < 18 Ge2. The t distribution exhibits an exponential shape with a slope parameter increasing logarithmically with W with a value b = 4.15 ± 0.05(stat.)-0.18+0.30(syst.) GeV-2 at W = 90 GeV. The effective parameters of the Pomeron trajectory are αℙ(0) = 1.200 ± 0.009(stat.) -0.010+0.004(Syst.) and α′ℙ = 0.115 ± 0.018(stat.)-0.015+0.008(syst.) GeV-2.

Library Liaison Programs In The 21st Century, Lauren R. Matacio

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Magnetic Field Induced Charge And Spin Instabilities In Cuprate Superconductors, M. Franz, D. E. Sheehy, Z. Tešanović

Faculty Publications

A quantum electrodynamics (QED3) was presented in a box theory for field-induced spin and charge instabilities in cuprates, driven by local fluctuations of a pinned vortex. A d-wave superconductor suffered an antiferromagnetic (AF) instability closely related to the chiral symmetry breaking in (2+1)-dimensional QED3. Neutron scattering and scanning tunneling spectroscopy (STS) experiments revealed the presence of local AF and charge order in the vicinity of field-induced vortices. Direct experimental evidence showed that individual vortices underwent significant quantum fluctuations.

The Structure Of Haplotype Blocks In The Human Genome, Stacey B. Gabriel, Stephen F. Schaffner, Huy Nguyen, Jamie M. Moore, Jessica Roy, Brendan Blumenstiel, John Higgins, Matthew Defelice, Amy Lochner, Maura Faggart, Shau Neen Liu-Cordero, Charles Rotimi, Adebowale Adeyemo, Richard Cooper, Ryk Ward, Eric S. Lander, Mark J. Daly, David Altshuler

Faculty Publications

Haplotype-based methods offer a powerful approach to disease gene mapping, based on the association between causal mutations and the ancestral haplotypes on which they arose. As part of The SNP Consortium Allele Frequency Projects, we characterized haplotype patterns across 51 autosomal regions (spanning 13 megabases of the human genome) in samples from Africa, Europe, and Asia. We show that the human genome can be parsed objectively into haplotype blocks; sizable regions over which there is little evidence for historical recombination and within which only a few common haplotypes are observed. The boundaries of blocks and specific haplotypes they contain are …

Ecosystem Decay Of Amazonian Forest Fragments: A 22-Year Investigation, William F. Laurance, Thomas E. Lovejoy, Heraldo L. Vasconcelos, Emilio M. Bruna, Raphael K. Didham, Philip C. Stouffer, Claude Gascon, Richard O. Bierregaard, Susan G. Laurance, Erica Sampaio

Faculty Publications

We synthesized key findings from the Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments Project, the world's largest and longest-running experimental study of habitat fragmentation. Although initially designed to assess the influence of fragment area on Amazonian biotas, the project has yielded insights that go far beyond the original scope of the study. Results suggest that edge effects play a key role in fragment dynamics, that the matrix has a major influence on fragment connectivity and functioning, and that many Amazonian species avoid even small (<100-m-wide) clearings. The effects of fragmentation are highly eclectic, altering species richness and abundances, species invasions, forest dynamics, the trophic structure of communities, and a variety of ecological and ecosystem processes. Moreover, forest fragmentation appears to interact synergistically with ecological changes such as hunting, fires, and logging, collectively posing an even greater threat to the rainforest biota.

Volcanic Eruptions On Mid-Ocean Ridges: New Evidence From The Superfast Spreading East Pacific Rise, 17˚-19˚S, John Sinton, Eric Bergmanis, Ken Rubin, Rodey Batiza, Tracy K P Gregg, Karl Gronvold, Ken C. Macdonald, Scott M. White

Faculty Publications

Side-scan sonar, submersible observations and sampling of lava flows from the East Pacific Rise, 17_–19_S constrain the character and variability of submarine volcanic eruptions along mid-ocean ridges. Nine separate lava sequences were mapped using relative age and lithological contrasts among recovered samples. Axial lengths activated during eruptive episodes range from _1 to >18 km; individual flow field areas vary from <1 to >19 km2. Estimated erupted volumes range from <1 to >200 _ 106 m3. The largest unit is the chemically uniform Animal Farm lava near 18_370S. The youngest lava is the Aldo-Kihi flow field, 17_240–340S, probably erupted in the early 1990s from a …

A Young Girl With Missile Trauma Near The Eye, Renea L. Beckstrand, Ellen K. Sanders

Faculty Publications

A 15-year-old girl who came to the emergency department holding tissue to her right eye said that she had been shot. She had right eye pain and swelling below the eye, and she was bleeding. As the girl was getting off a school bus, a male occupant in a car that was driving past reached out of the passenger side window and shot multiple pellets at the school bus with a pellet gun. The shooter was unknown to the girl; the shooting seemed to be random. When the girl was shot she felt pain immediately in the area between her …

On Interval Clutters, Guoli Ding

Faculty Publications

A hypergraph is an interval hypergraph if its vertices can be linearly ordered so that all its edges are consecutive sets. Interval hypergraphs have been characterized by Tucker (J. Combin. Theory 12 (1972) 153) in terms of excluded subhypergraphs. In this paper, we strengthen Tucker's result for clutters by characterizing interval clutters in terms of excluded partial clutters, as well as excluded minors. Since minor and partial clutter relations are much more restrictive than the subhypergraph relation, our results are more applicable than Tucker's result in, many situations. As a lemma, we also determine all the minor minimal clutters that …

Book Review. Nonprofits In Urban America (Richard C. Hula, Cynthia Jackson-Elmoore, Eds.), Peter J. Haas

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

A Course Assessment Of The Microelectronics Process Engineering Program At Sjsu, Gregory Young, Stacy H. Gleixner, David W. Parent, Yasser Dessouky, Emily Allen, Linda Vanasupa

Faculty Publications

The program assessment strategy of San Jose State University's new interdisciplinary curriculum in Microelectronics Process Engineering is described. Vertical integration of specific class and program learning objectives allows for a clear and efficient method to evaluate the continued growth and improvement of the program. The program assessment process relies on clearly defined and detailed program and course learning objectives that are linked vertically to ABET outcomes. In addition, we discuss briefly the structure of the program and the "hands-on" experience that we provide the students.

Autonomous Hierarchical Control Of Multiple Unmanned Combat Air Vehicles (Ucavs), Timothy Mclain, Randal W. Beard, Sai-Ming Li, Jovan D. Boskovic, Sanjeev Seereeram, Ravi Prasanth, Jayesh Amin, Raman K. Mehra

Faculty Publications

In this paper we present a hierarchical control scheme that enables multiple UCAVs to achieve demanding missions in hostile environments autonomously. The objective is to use a swarm of UCAVs for a SEAD type mission: fly the UCAVs in a formation to an enemy territory populated with different kinds of threats, collect enemy information or destroy certain targets, and return to the base, all without human intervention. The scheme is an integration of four distinct components, including: (1) high level Voronoi diagram based path planner to avoid static threats; (2) low level path planner to avoid popup threats; (3) differential …

Review Of A Storm In Flanders: The Ypres Salient, 1914-1918: Tragedy And Triumph On The Western Front, Michael F. Russo

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Insect Conservation In America: Status And Perspectives, Janice L. Bossart, Christopher E. Carlton

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

What Are The Hot R Coronae Borealis Stars?, Orsola De Marco, Geoffrey C. Clayton, F. Herwig, D. L. Pollacco, J. S. Clark, David Kilkenny

Faculty Publications

We investigate the evolutionary status of four stars: V348 Sgr, DY Cen, and MV Sgr in the Galaxy and HV 2671 in the LMC. These stars have in common random deep declines in visual brightness, which are characteristic of R Coronae Borealis (RCB) stars. RCB stars are typically cool hydrogen-deficient supergiants. The four stars studied in this paper are hotter (Teff = 15-20 kK) than the majority of RCB stars (Teff = 5000-7000 K). Although these are commonly grouped together as the hot RCB stars they do not necessarily share a common evolutionary history. We present new observational data and …

Infinite Antichains Of Matroids With Characteristic Set {P}, James Oxley, Charles Semple, Dirk Vertigan, Geoff Whittle

Faculty Publications

For each prime p, we construct an infinite antichain of matroids in which each matroid has characteristic set {p}. For p = 2, each of the matroids in our antichain is an excluded minor for the class of matroids representable over the rationals. © 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

Nonresonant Detection Of Terahertz Radiation In Field Effect Transistors, W. Knap, V. Kachorovskii, Y. Deng, S. Rumyantsev, J.-Q. Lü, R. Gaska, M. S. Shur, Grigory Simin, X. Hu, M. Asif Khan, C. A. Saylor, L. C. Brunel

Faculty Publications

We present an experimental and theoretical study of nonresonant detection of subterahertz radiation in GaAs/AlGaAs and GaN/AlGaN heterostructurefield effect transistors. The experiments were performed in a wide range of temperatures (8–300 K) and for frequencies ranging from 100 to 600 GHz. The photoresponse measured as a function of the gate voltage exhibited a maximum near the threshold voltage. The results were interpreted using a theoretical model that shows that the maximum in photoresponse can be explained by the combined effect of exponential decrease of the electron density and the gate leakage current.

African Diaspora Archaeology In Guadeloupe, French West Indies, Kenneth G. Kelly

Faculty Publications

Provides information on an investigation into the archaeology of the African diaspora in Guadeloupe, French West Indies. Use of historical cartographic data; History of French slavery at the site; Goals of the research.

N Uptake As A Function Of Concentration In Streams, Walter K. Dodds, Amanda J. Lopez, William B. Bowden, Stan Gregory, Nancy B. Grimm, Stephen K. Hamilton, Anne E. Hershey, Eugenia Marti, William H. Mcdowell, Judy L. Meyer, Donna Morrall, Patrick J. Mulholland, Bruce J. Peterson, Jennifer L. Tank, H. Maurice Valett, Jackson R. Webster, Wilfred M. Wollheim

Faculty Publications

Detailed studies of stream N uptake were conducted in a prairie reach and gallery forest reach of Kings Creek on the Konza Prairie Biological Station. Nutrient uptake rates were measured with multiple short-term enrichments of NO3− and NH4+ at constant addition rates in the spring and summer of 1998. NH4+ uptake was also measured with 15N-NH4+ tracer additions and short-term unlabeled NH4+ additions at 12 stream sites across North America. Concurrent addition of a conservative tracer was used to account for dilution in all experiments. NH4+ uptake rate per unit area (Ut) was positively correlated to nutrient concentration across all …

On Localized Control In Qos Routing, Srihari Nelakuditi, Srivatsan Varadarajan, Zhi-Li Zhang

Faculty Publications

In this note, we study several issues in the design of localized quality-of-service (QoS) routing schemes that make routing decisions based on locally collected QoS state information (i.e., there is no network-wide information exchange among routers). In particular, we investigate the granularity of local QoS state information and its impact on the design of localized QoS routing schemes from a theoretical perspective. We develop two theoretical models for studying localized proportional routing: one using the link-level information and the other using path-level information. We compare the performance of these localized proportional routing models with that of a global optimal proportional …

Quality Attributes Of Dried Milk Products Packaged For Long-Term Storage, Michelle A. Lloyd, J. Zou, H. Farnsworth, Oscar A. Pike

Faculty Publications

There is a market for dehydrated foods, such as nonfat dry milk (NFDM), that are packaged for long-term storage in case of natural disasters or other emergencies. To maintain quality and optimize shelf-life, NFDM must be properly processed from good quality milk, well-packaged (minimizing moisture, light and oxygen), and stored appropriately. Research is needed to determine the variation in quality that exists in dried milk products intended for retail sale. The objective of this research was to evaluate and compare the quality of several types of dried milk products packaged for long-term storage. Ten brands of dried milk products (5 …

Dynamic Multiphysics Model For Solar Array, Shengyi Liu, Roger A. Dougal

Faculty Publications

An approach to model the solar cell system with coupled multiphysics equations (photovoltaic, electro-thermal, direct heating and cooling processes) within the context of the resistive-companion method in the Virtual Test Bed computational environment is presented. Appropriate across and through variables are defined for the thermal terminal of the system so that temperature is properly represented as a state variable, rather than as a parameter of the system. This allows enforcement of the system power conservation through all terminals, and allows simultaneous solutions for both the electrical potentials and the system temperature. The thermal port built accordingly can be used for …

Validation Of Sea Ice Motion From Quikscat With Those From Ssm/I And Buoy, David G. Long, Yunhe Zhao, Antony K. Liu

Faculty Publications

Arctic sea ice motion for the period from October 1999 to March 2000 derived from QuikSCAT and ocean buoy observations. Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) data using the wavelet analysis method agrees well with ocean buoy observations. Results from QuikSCAT and SSM/I are compatible when compared with buoy observations and complement each other. Sea ice drift merged from daily results from QuikSCAT, SSM/I, and buoy data gives more complete coverage of sea ice motion. Based on observations of six months of sea ice motion maps, the sea ice motion maps in the Arctic derived from QuikSCAT data appear to have smoother …

Nl-Soar And Lg-Soar: Ongoing Work, Deryle W. Lonsdale

Faculty Publications

Goals:

Expand Soar knowledge and explore possible uses on-campus

Provide and support an NL capability to the Soar research community

Toolkits, resources, knowledge repositories

Carry out research into the cognitive modeling of linguistic performance