Digital Commons Network^™

A Novel Eye Tracking Paradigm For Indexing Social Avoidance-Related Behavior In Fragile X Syndrome, Jessica Klusek, Carly Moser, Joseph Schmidt, Leonard Abbeduto, Jane E. Roberts

Faculty Publications

Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is characterized by hallmark features of gaze avoidance, reduced social approach, and social anxiety. The development of therapeutics to manage these symptoms has been hindered, in part, by the lack of sensitive outcome measures. This study investigated the utility of a novel eye tracking paradigm for indexing social avoidance-related phenotypes. Adolescent/young adult-aged males with FXS (n=24) and typical development (n=23) participated in the study. Participants viewed faces displaying direct or averted gaze and the first fixation duration on the eyes was recorded as an index of initial stimulus registration. Fixation durations did …

Correction To: Longitudinal Impacts Of Gastric Bypass Surgery On Pharmacodynamics And Pharmacokinetics Of Statins (Obesity Surgery, (2019), 29, 8, (2571-2583), 10.1007/S11695-019-03885-6), Asma El-Zailik, Lily K. Cheung, Yang Wang, Vadim Sherman, Diana S.L. Chow

Faculty Publications

In the original article the authors failed to include the following footnote: Asma El-Zailik and Lily K. Cheung contributed equally to this work.

Phase-Field Study Of Crack Nucleation And Propagation In Elastic–Perfectly Plastic Bodies, Stella Brach, Erwan Tanné, Blaise Bourdin, Kaushik Bhattacharya

Faculty Publications

Crack initiation and propagation in elastic–perfectly plastic bodies is studied in a phase-field or variational gradient damage formulation. A rate-independent formulation that naturally couples elasticity, perfect plasticity and fracture is presented, and used to study crack initiation in notched specimens and crack propagation using a surfing boundary condition. Both plane strain and plane stress are addressed. It is shown that in plane strain, a plastic zone blunts the notch or crack tip which in turn inhibits crack nucleation and propagation. Sufficient load causes the crack to nucleate or unpin, but the crack does so with a finite jump. Therefore the …

Generalized Beam–Spring Model For Predicting Elastic Behavior Of Partially Composite Concrete Sandwich Wall Panels, Salam Al-Rubaye, Taylor Sorensen, Robert J. Thomas, Marc Maguire

Faculty Publications

Partially composite sandwich wall panels (SWP) have been used in the construction industry for at least twenty years. Currently there is limited codified guidance for designers of partially composite concrete SWP, but they are being designed safely and routinely. Design is often guided by the composite connector manufacturers who sell proprietary composite connectors often using a variation of truss-type matrix methods for prediction of elastic behavior of SWPs. The purpose of this paper is to quantify the accuracy of such a model in a uniform manner by developing a generalized version of these matrix models called the beam-spring model (BSM). …

Effect Of Field-Line Curvature On The Ionospheric Accessibility Of Relativistic Electron Beam Experiments, Jake M. Willard, Jay R. Johnson, Jesse M. Snelling, Andrew T. Powis, Igor D. Kaganovich, Ennio R, Sanchez

Faculty Publications

Magnetosphere-ionosphere coupling is a particularly important process that regulates and controls magnetospheric dynamics such as storms and substorms. However, in order to understand magnetosphere-ionosphere coupling it is necessary to understand how regions of the magnetosphere are connected to the ionosphere. It has been proposed that this connection may be established by firing electron beams from satellites that can reach an ionospheric footpoint creating detectable emissions. This type of experiment would greatly aid in identifying the relationship between convection processes in the magnetotail and the ionosphere and how the plasma sheet current layer evolves during the growth phase preceding substorms. For …

Designing High-Quality Implementation Research: Development, Application, Feasibility And Preliminary Evaluation Of The Implementation Science Research Development (Impres) Tool And Guide, Louise Hull, Lucy Goulding, Zarnie Khadjesari, Rachel E. Davis, Andy Healey, Ioannis Bakolis, Nick Sevdalis

Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Designing implementation research can be a complex and daunting task, especially for applied health researchers who have not received specialist training in implementation science. We developed the Implementation Science Research Development (ImpRes) tool and supplementary guide to address this challenge and provide researchers with a systematic approach to designing implementation research. METHODS: A multi-method and multi-stage approach was employed. An international, multidisciplinary expert panel engaged in an iterative brainstorming and consensus-building process to generate core domains of the ImpRes tool, representing core implementation science principles and concepts that researchers should consider when designing implementation research. Simultaneously, an iterative process …

Coarse-Grained Models For Constant Ph Simulations Of Carboxylic Acids, Naeyma N. Islam, Arjun Sharma, Gaurav Gyawali, Revati Kumar, Steven W. Rick

Faculty Publications

© 2019 American Chemical Society. A model for carboxylic acids, in both the protonated and deprotonated states, is developed in which hydrogen interaction sites are not used and all interactions are short-ranged. A method for constant pH simulations, which exploits these features of the model, is developed. The constant pH method samples protonation states by making discrete Monte Carlo steps and is able to efficiently move between states in two steps. The method is applied to the polymer poly(methacrylic acid), a pH-responsive polymer that undergoes structural changes as a function of pH. The model is able to reproduce the structural …

Extendibility Limits The Performance Of Quantum Processors, Eneet Kaur, Siddhartha Das, Mark M. Wilde, Andreas Winter

Faculty Publications

Resource theories in quantum information science are helpful for the study and quantification of the performance of information-processing tasks that involve quantum systems. These resource theories also find applications in other areas of study; e.g., the resource theories of entanglement and coherence have found use and implications in the study of quantum thermodynamics and memory effects in quantum dynamics. In this paper, we introduce the resource theory of unextendibility, which is associated with the inability of extending quantum entanglement in a given quantum state to multiple parties. The free states in this resource theory are the k-extendible states, and the …

Religion And Volunteering In Marital Relationships, Young-Il Kim, Jeffrey P. Dew

Faculty Publications

Married people are generally more religious and do volunteer work more frequently than unmarried people. However, little is known about which religious characteristics or domains predict volunteering behaviors among married couples. Using data from a U.S. national sample of heterosexual married couples, we examine which aspects of couples’ religiosity predicted husbands’ and wives’ reports of volunteering. Results from actor-partner interdependence models indicated that performing religious observances in the home was associated with wives’ reports of volunteering. Attending religious services regularly with one’s spouse was associated with higher levels of volunteering for both wives and husbands. Other domains of religiosity, such …

Using Lord Of The Flies To Teach Social Networks, Jimi Adams

Faculty Publications

Lord of the Flies is commonly assigned reading for high school and college students. The novel about shipwrecked boys is often analyzed thematically to examine how the boys’ perceived isolation on the island effects their attitudes and behavior. However, what is similarly apparent is that the society they develop while on the island establishes certain patterns, and is governed by collective rules (some more explicit than others). Here I demonstrate how those behavioral patterns and norms are useful for interpreting the concepts and analytic tools found in social network literature. I describe how I used the novel as a “capstone” …

Dietary Inflammatory Index And Non-Communicable Disease Risk: A Narrative Review, Catherine M. Phillips, Ling-Wei Chen, Barbara Heude, Jonathan Y. Bernard, Nicholas C. Harvey, Liesbeth Duijts, Sara M. Mensink-Bout, Kinga Polanska, Giulia Mancano, Matthew Suderman, Nitin Shivappa, James R. Hébert

Faculty Publications

There are over 1,000,000 publications on diet and health and over 480,000 references on inflammation in the National Library of Medicine database. In addition, there have now been over 30,000 peer-reviewed articles published on the relationship between diet, inflammation, and health outcomes. Based on this voluminous literature, it is now recognized that low-grade, chronic systemic inflammation is associated with most non-communicable diseases (NCDs), including diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular disease, cancers, respiratory and musculoskeletal disorders, as well as impaired neurodevelopment and adverse mental health outcomes. Dietary components modulate inflammatory status. In recent years, the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII^®), a literature-derived …

Increased Dietary Inflammatory Index Is Associated With Schizophrenia: Results Of A Case-Control Study From Bahrain, Haitham Jahrami, Mo'ez Al-Islam Faris, Hadeel Ali Ghazzawi, Zahra Saif, Layla Habib, Nitin Shivappa, James R. Hebert

Faculty Publications

Background: Several studies have indicated that chronic low-grade inflammation is associated with the development of schizophrenia. Given the role of diet in modulating inflammatory markers, excessive caloric intake and increased consumption of pro-inflammatory components such as calorie-dense, nutrient-sparse foods may contribute toward increased rates of schizophrenia. This study aimed to examine the association between dietary inflammation, as measured by the dietary inflammatory index (DII (R)), and schizophrenia. Methods: A total of 120 cases attending the out-patient department in the Psychiatric Hospital/Bahrain were recruited, along with 120 healthy controls matched on age and sex. The energy-adjusted DII (E-DII) was computed based …

Increased Dietary Inflammatory Index Is Associated With Schizophrenia: Results Of A Case–Control Study From Bahrain, Haitham Jahrami, Moez Al-Islam Faris, Hadeel Ghazzawi, Zahra Saif, Layla Habib, Nitin Shivappa, James R. Hébert

Faculty Publications

Background: Several studies have indicated that chronic low-grade inflammation is associated with the development of schizophrenia. Given the role of diet in modulating inflammatory markers, excessive caloric intake and increased consumption of pro-inflammatory components such as calorie-dense, nutrient-sparse foods may contribute toward increased rates of schizophrenia. This study aimed to examine the association between dietary inflammation, as measured by the dietary inflammatory index (DII^®), and schizophrenia. Methods: A total of 120 cases attending the out-patient department in the Psychiatric Hospital/Bahrain were recruited, along with 120 healthy controls matched on age and sex. The energy-adjusted DII (E-DII) was computed …

A Comparison Of The Trojan Y Chromosome Strategy To Harvesting Models For Eradication Of Non-Native Species, Jingjing Lyu, Pamela J. Schofield, Kristen M. Reaver, Matthew Beauregard, Rana D. Parshad

Faculty Publications

The Trojan Y Chromosome Strategy (TYC) is a promising eradication method for biological control of non-native species. The strategy works by manipulating the sex ratio of a population through the introduction of supermales that guarantee male offspring. In the current manuscript, we compare the TYC method with a pure harvesting strategy. We also analyze a hybrid harvesting model that mirrors the TYC strategy. The dynamic analysis leads to results on stability of solutions and bifurcations of the model. Several conclusions about the different strategies are established via optimal control methods. In particular, the results affirm that either a pure harvesting …

Exact Solution Of Spherical Mean-Field Plus Special Orbit-Dependent Non-Separable Pairing Model With Multi Non-Degenerate J-Orbits, Feng Pan, Dan Zhou, Yingwen He, Siyu Yang, Yunfeng Zhang, J. P. Draayer

Faculty Publications

Exact solution of spherical mean-field plus a special orbit-dependent non-separable pairing Hamiltonian with multi non-degenerate j-orbits, which is related to two previously known hyperbolic Gaudin models, is explored. It is shown that the Hamiltonian with suitable constraints on the pairing interaction parameters turns to be exactly solvable. The extended one-variable Heine-Stieltjes polynomials associated to the Bethe-Gaudin-Richardson ansatz equations of the solution for any number of pairs k are determined. It is shown that the pair excitation energies can be calculated more easily than those of the separable pairing model studied previously. As examples of the solution, pairing excitation energies with …

A Precise Determination Of (Anti)Neutrino Fluxes With (Anti)Neutrino-Hydrogen Interactions, H. Duyang, B. Guo, Roberto Petti

Faculty Publications

We present a novel method to accurately determine the flux of neutrinos and antineutrinos, one of the dominant systematic uncertainty affecting current and future long-baseline neutrino experiments, as well as precision neutrino scattering experiment. Using exclusive topologies in v(⊽)-hydrogen interactions, v_µp→µpπ ⁺, ⊽ _µp → µ ⁺pπ, and ⊽_µp → µ ⁺ n with small hadronic energy, we achieve an overall accuracy on the relative fluxes better than 1% in the energy range covering most of the available flux. Since we cannot rely on simulations nor model …

Post-Treatment Of Nanofiltration Polyamide Membrane Through Alkali-Catalyzed Hydrolysis To Treat Dyes In Model Wastewater, Byung-Moon Jun, Yeomin Yoon, Chang Min Park

Faculty Publications

This research focused on the influence of post-treatment using alkali-catalyzed hydrolysis with a full-aromatic nanofiltration (NF) polyamide membrane and its application to the efficient removal of selected dyes. The post-treated membranes were characterized through Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, goniometry, and zeta-potential analysis to analyze the treatment-induced changes in the intrinsic properties of the membrane. Furthermore, the changes in permeability induced by the post-treatment were evaluated via the measurement of water flux, NaCl rejection, and molecular weight cutoff (MWCO) under different pH conditions and post-treatment times. Major changes induced by the post-treatment in terms of physicochemical properties were the enhancement of …

Fast And Effective Techniques For Lwir Radiative Transfer Modeling: A Dimension-Reduction Approach, Nicholas M. Westing, Brett J. Borghetti, Kevin C. Gross

Faculty Publications

The increasing spatial and spectral resolution of hyperspectral imagers yields detailed spectroscopy measurements from both space-based and airborne platforms. These detailed measurements allow for material classification, with many recent advancements from the fields of machine learning and deep learning. In many scenarios, the hyperspectral image must first be corrected or compensated for atmospheric effects. Radiative Transfer (RT) computations can provide look up tables (LUTs) to support these corrections. This research investigates a dimension-reduction approach using machine learning methods to create an effective sensor-specific long-wave infrared (LWIR) RT model.

Tumor Microbiome Diversity And Composition Influence Pancreatic Cancer Outcomes, E. Riquelme, Yu Zhang, Liangliang Zhang, M. Montiel, Michelle Zoltan, W. Dong, Pompeyo Quesada, I. Sahin, V. Chandra, Anthony San Lucas, Paul Scheet, Hanwen Xu, Samir M. Hanash, Lei Feng, Jared K. Burks, Kim Anh Do, Christine B. Peterson, Deborah Nejman, Ching Wei D. Tzeng, Michael P. Kim, Cynthia L. Sears

Faculty Publications

Most patients diagnosed with resected pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC) survive less than 5 years, but a minor subset survives longer. Here, we dissect the role of the tumor microbiota and the immune system in influencing long-term survival. Using 16S rRNA gene sequencing, we analyzed the tumor microbiome composition in PDAC patients with short-term survival (STS) and long-term survival (LTS). We found higher alpha-diversity in the tumor microbiome of LTS patients and identified an intra-tumoral microbiome signature (Pseudoxanthomonas-Streptomyces-Saccharopolyspora-Bacillus clausii) highly predictive of long-term survivorship in both discovery and validation cohorts. Through human-into-mice fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) experiments from STS, LTS, or control …

Information Diffusion And Social Norms Are Associated With Infant And Young Child Feeding Practices In Bangladesh, Phuong H. Nguyen, Edward A. Frongillo Jr., Sunny S. Kim, Amanda A. Zongrone, Amir Jilani, Lan Mai Tran, Tina Sanghvi, Purnima Menon

Faculty Publications

Background

Interaction within mothers’ social networks can theoretically diffuse messages from interventions and campaigns into norms and practices for infant and young child feeding (IYCF).

Objectives

We hypothesized that mothers’ social networks, diffusion of information, and social norms differed in intensive [intensive interpersonal counseling (IPC), community mobilization (CM), and mass media (MM)] compared with nonintensive (standard IPC and less-intensive CM and MM) intervention areas, were associated with IYCF practices, and partly explained practice improvement.

Methods

We conducted household surveys at endline in 2014 and follow-up in 2016 (n = ∼2000 each round). We used multiple regression to test differences …

Reports Of Recovered Memories Of Childhood Abuse In Therapy In France, Olivier Dodier, Lawrence Patihis, Mélany Payoux

Faculty Publications

Recovered memories of abuse in therapy are especially controversial if the clients were not aware they were abused before therapy. In the past, such memory recovery has led to legal action, as well as a debate about whether such memories might be repressed, forgotten, or false memories. More than two decades after the height of the controversy, it is unclear to what degree such memories are still recovered today, and to what extent it occurs in France. In our French survey of 1312 participants (M_age = 33; 53% female), 551 reported having done therapy at some point. Of …

Relative Navigation Of Fixed-Wing Aircraft In Gps-Denied Environments, Gary J. Ellingson, Kevin M. Brink, Timothy Mclain

Faculty Publications

The future impact of small unmanned aircraft will depend in part on how well they can navigate in GPS-denied and GPS-degraded environments. While several GPS-denied navigation methods have been introduced, small fixed-wing aircraft have, for the most part, been neglected. This paper introduces a method to enable GPS-denied fixed-wing flight while accounting for fixed-wing-specific sensing requirements. This work uses a methodology called relative navigation as an overarching framework. The development of an odometry-like, front-end, EKF-based estimator that utilizes only a monocular camera and an inertial measurement unit is presented. The filter uses the measurement model of the multi-state-constraint Kalman filter. …

Communication: First-Principles Evaluation Of Alkali Ion Adsorption And Ion Exchange In Pure Silica Lta Zeolite (Vol 149, 131102, 2018), Vancho Kocevski, Benjamin D. Zeidman, Charles H. Henager Jr., Theodore M. Besmann

Faculty Publications

Using first-principles calculations, we studied the adsorption of alkali ions in pure silica Linde Type A (LTA) zeolite. The probability of adsorbing alkali ions from solution and the driving force for ion exchange between Na+ and other alkali ions at the different adsorption sites were analyzed. From the calculated ion exchange isotherms, we show that it is possible to exchange Na+ with K+ and Rb+ in water, but that is not the case for systems in a vacuum. We also demonstrate that a solvation model should be used for the accurate representation of ion exchange in an LTA and that …

Trading Amino Acids At The Aphid–Buchnera Symbiotic Interface, Honglin Feng, Noel Edwards, Catriona M.H. Anderson, Mike Althaus, Rebecca P. Duncan, Yu Ching Hsu, Charles W. Luetje, Daniel R.G. Price, Alex C.C. Wilson, David T. Thwaites

Faculty Publications

Plant sap-feeding insects are widespread, having evolved to occupy diverse environmental niches despite exclusive feeding on an impoverished diet lacking in essential amino acids and vitamins. Success depends exquisitely on their symbiotic relationships with microbial symbionts housed within specialized eukaryotic bacteriocyte cells. Each bacteriocyte is packed with symbionts that are individually surrounded by a host-derived symbiosomal membrane representing the absolute host–symbiont interface. The symbiosomal membrane must be a dynamic and selectively permeable structure to enable bidirectional and differential movement of essential nutrients, metabolites, and biosynthetic intermediates, vital for growth and survival of host and symbiont. However, despite this crucial role, …

Wetting Metamorphosis Of Hydrophobic Fluoropolymer Coatings Submerged In Water And Ultrasonically Vibrated, Matthew Trapuzzano, Nathan B. Crane, Rasim Guldiken, Andrés Tejada-Martínez

Faculty Publications

Many important processes, from manufacture of integrated circuit boards, to an insect’s ability to walk on water, depend on the wetting of liquids on surfaces. Wetting is commonly controlled through material selection, coatings, and/or surface texture. However, wetting is sensitive to environmental conditions. In particular, some hydrophobic fluoropolymer coatings are sensitive to extended water exposure as evidenced by a declining contact angle and increasing contact angle hysteresis. Understanding “degradation” of these coatings is critical to applications that employ them. The durability of a series of fluoropolymer coatings were tested by measuring the contact angle before, during, and after extended submersion …

Calibration Of The Lisst-Vsf To Derive The Volume Scattering Functions In Clear Waters, Lianbo Hu, Xiaodong Zhang, Yuanheng Xiong, Ming-Xia He

Faculty Publications

The recently commercialized LISST-VSF instrument measures the volume scattering function (VSF) from 0.1° to 15° with a traditional laser diffraction unit (LISST) and from 15° to 155° with an eyeball component. Between these two optical components, only the LISST unit is calibrated. The eyeball measurements are scaled using the VSFs at 15° that are measured by both components. As this relative calibration relies on a valid measurement at 15° by the LISST, it might fail in clear oceanic waters, where the forward scattering is relative weak either due to a lack of large particles or an overall low concentration of …

Knowledge Production And Power In An Online Critical Multicultural Teacher Education Course, Ramon Maile Cutri, Erin Feinauer Whiting, Eric Ruiz Bybee

Faculty Publications

This reflexive inquiry explores a teacher educator’s efforts to design opportunities for students to use their knowledge of social media and the Internet to contribute content to their online critical multicultural education course. Findings identify steps critical multicultural education pedagogues can take to design such opportunities: (a) identify contradictions in their practice, (b) take pedagogical risks, and (c) work with chronic tensions. Designing formal opportunities for students to identify and use content from social media and the Internet as learning resources and curricular content for critical multicultural education shifted the power relations in the course. These results demonstrate the potential …

Runtime Adaptive Task Inlining On Asynchronous Multitasking Runtime Systems, Bibek Wagle, Mohammad Alaul Haque Monil, Kevin Huck, Allen D. Malony, Adrian Serio, Hartmut Kaiser

Faculty Publications

As the era of high frequency, single core processors have come to a close, the new paradigm of many core processors has come to dominate. In response to these systems, asynchronous multitasking runtime systems have been developed as a promising solution to efficiently utilize these newly available hardware. Asynchronous multitasking runtime systems work by dividing a problem into a large number of fine grained tasks. However, as the number of tasks created increase, the overheads associated with task creation and management cannot be ignored. Task inlining, a method where the parent thread consumes a child thread, enables the runtime system …

Higher Pro-Inflammatory Dietary Score Is Associated With Higher Hyperuricemia Risk: Results From The Case-Controlled Korean Genome And Epidemiology Study_Cardiovascular Disease Association Study, Hye Sun Kim, Minji Kwon, Yi Hyun Lee, Nitin Shivappa, James R. Hebert, Cheongmin Sohn, Woori Na, Mi Kyung Kim

Faculty Publications

In previous studies, the elevated dietary inflammatory index (DII^®) scores have been consistently associated with several chronic diseases. However, the relationship with hyperuricemia remains unknown. The aim of this study was to determine if the DII is associated with hyperuricemia risk. The study included 13,701 participants (men 5102; women 8599) in a large-scale cross-sectional study in South Korea. A validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (SQFFQ) was used to measure dietary intake, and blood samples were obtained to determine hyperuricemia. As the DII score increased, the hyperuricemia risk increased among women (OR 1.35, 95% CI 1.03–1.77, p trend = …

Periodic Traveling Interfacial Hydroelastic Waves With Or Without Mass Ii: Multiple Bifurcations And Ripples, Benjamin F. Akers, David M. Ambrose, David W. Sulon

Faculty Publications

In a prior work, the authors proved a global bifurcation theorem for spatially periodic interfacial hydroelastic traveling waves on infinite depth, and computed such traveling waves. The formulation of the traveling wave problem used both analytically and numerically allows for waves with multi-valued height. The global bifurcation theorem required a one-dimensional kernel in the linearization of the relevant mapping, but for some parameter values, the kernel is instead two-dimensional. In the present work, we study these cases with two-dimensional kernels, which occur in resonant and non-resonant variants. We apply an implicit function theorem argument to prove existence of traveling waves …