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Soil Macroinvertebrate Presence Alters Microbial Community Composition And Activity In The Rhizosphere, Natalie Bray, Jenny Kao-Kniffin, Serita D. Frey, Timothy Fahey, Kyle Wickings Feb 2019

Soil Macroinvertebrate Presence Alters Microbial Community Composition And Activity In The Rhizosphere, Natalie Bray, Jenny Kao-Kniffin, Serita D. Frey, Timothy Fahey, Kyle Wickings

Faculty Publications

Soil Macroinvertebrate Presence Alters Microbial Community Composition and Activity in the Rhizosphere

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Large Fatty Acid-Derived Aβ42 Oligomers Form Ring-Like Assemblies, Wenhui Xu, Dexter N. Dean, Kelli A. Stockmal, Sarah E. Morgan, Ulrich H.E. Hansmann, Vijayaraghavan Rangachari Feb 2019

Large Fatty Acid-Derived Aβ42 Oligomers Form Ring-Like Assemblies, Wenhui Xu, Dexter N. Dean, Kelli A. Stockmal, Sarah E. Morgan, Ulrich H.E. Hansmann, Vijayaraghavan Rangachari

Faculty Publications

As the primary toxic species in the etiology of Alzheimer disease (AD) are low molecular weight oligomers of Aβ, it is crucial to understand the structure of Aβ oligomers for gaining molecular insights into AD pathology. We have earlier demonstrated that in the presence of fatty acids, Aβ42 peptides assemble as 12-24mer oligomers. These Large Fatty Acid-derived Oligomers (LFAOs) exist predominantly as 12mers at low and as 24mers at high concentrations. The 12mers are more neurotoxic than the 24mers and undergo self-replication, while the latter propagate to morphologically distinct fibrils with succinct pathological consequences. In order to glean into their …

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Toxoplasma Gondii Igg Associations With Sleepwake Problems, Sleep Duration And Timing, Celine C. Corona, Ma Zhang, Abhishek Wadhawan, Melanie L. Daue, Maureen W. Groer, Aline Dagang, Christopher A. Lowry, Kathleen A. Ryan, Andrew J. Hoisington, John W. Stiller, Dietmar Fuchs, Braxton D. Mitchell, Teodor T. Postolache Feb 2019

Toxoplasma Gondii Igg Associations With Sleepwake Problems, Sleep Duration And Timing, Celine C. Corona, Ma Zhang, Abhishek Wadhawan, Melanie L. Daue, Maureen W. Groer, Aline Dagang, Christopher A. Lowry, Kathleen A. Ryan, Andrew J. Hoisington, John W. Stiller, Dietmar Fuchs, Braxton D. Mitchell, Teodor T. Postolache

Faculty Publications

Background: Evidence links Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii), a neurotropic parasite, with schizophrenia, mood disorders and suicidal behavior, all of which are associated and exacerbated by disrupted sleep. Moreover, low-grade immune activation and dopaminergic overstimulation, which are consequences of T. gondii infection, could alter sleep patterns and duration. Methods: Sleep data on 833 Amish participants [mean age (SD) = 44.28 (16.99) years; 59.06% women] were obtained via self-reported questionnaires that assessed sleep problems, duration and timing. T. gondii IgG was measured with ELISA. Data were analyzed using multivariable logistic regressions and linear mixed models, with adjustment for age, sex and family …

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Persistent Hydrological Consequences Of Hurricane Maria In Puerto Rico, P. W. Miller, A. Kumar, T. L. Mote, F. D. S. Moraes, D. R. Mishra Feb 2019

Persistent Hydrological Consequences Of Hurricane Maria In Puerto Rico, P. W. Miller, A. Kumar, T. L. Mote, F. D. S. Moraes, D. R. Mishra

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Vertical Marine Snow Distribution In The Stratified Hypersaline, And Anoxic Orca Basin (Gulf Of Mexico), Arne Diercks, Kai Ziervogel, Ryan Sibert, Samantha B. Joye, Vernon Asper Feb 2019

Vertical Marine Snow Distribution In The Stratified Hypersaline, And Anoxic Orca Basin (Gulf Of Mexico), Arne Diercks, Kai Ziervogel, Ryan Sibert, Samantha B. Joye, Vernon Asper

Faculty Publications

We present a complete description of the depth distribution of marine snow in Orca Basin (Gulf of Mexico), from sea surface through the pycnocline to within 10 m of the seafloor. Orca Basin is an intriguing location for studying marine snow because of its unique geological and hydrographic setting: the deepest ~200 m of the basin are filled with anoxic hypersaline brine. A typical deep ocean profile of marine snow distribution was observed from the sea surface to the pycnocline, namely a surface maximum in total particle number and midwater minimum. However, instead of a nepheloid (particle-rich) layer positioned near …

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Substrate-Dependent Photoconductivity Dynamics In A High-Efficiency Hybrid Perovskite Alloy, Ali Moeed Tirmzi, Jeffrey A. Christians, Ryan P. Dwyer, David T. Moore, John A. Marohn Feb 2019

Substrate-Dependent Photoconductivity Dynamics In A High-Efficiency Hybrid Perovskite Alloy, Ali Moeed Tirmzi, Jeffrey A. Christians, Ryan P. Dwyer, David T. Moore, John A. Marohn

Faculty Publications

Films of (FA0.79MA0.16Cs0.05)0.97Pb(I0.84Br0.16)2.97 were grown over TiO2, SnO2, indium tin oxide (ITO), and NiO. Film conductivity was interrogated by measuring the in-phase and out-of-phase forces acting between the film and a charged microcantilever. We followed the films’ conductivity versus time, frequency, light intensity, and temperature (233−312 K). Perovskite conductivity was high and light-independent over ITO and NiO. Over TiO2 and SnO2, the conductivity was low in the dark,increased with light intensity, and persisted for 10’s of seconds after the light …

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Deep Sea Biofilms, Historic Shipwreck Preservation And The Deepwater Horizon Spill, Rachel L. Mugge, Melissa L. Brock, Jennifer L. Salerno, Melanie Damour, Robert A. Church, Jason Lee, Leila J. Hamdan Feb 2019

Deep Sea Biofilms, Historic Shipwreck Preservation And The Deepwater Horizon Spill, Rachel L. Mugge, Melissa L. Brock, Jennifer L. Salerno, Melanie Damour, Robert A. Church, Jason Lee, Leila J. Hamdan

Faculty Publications

Exposure to oil from the Deepwater Horizon spill may have lasting impacts on preservation of historic shipwrecks in the Gulf of Mexico. Submerged steel structures, including shipwrecks, serve as artificial reefs and become hotspots of biodiversity in the deep-sea. Marine biofilms on submerged structures support settlement of micro- and macrobiota and may enhance and protect against corrosion. Disruptions in the local environment, including oil spills, may impact the role that biofilms play in reef preservation. To determine how the Deepwater Horizon spill potentially impacted shipwreck biofilms and the functional roles of the biofilm microbiome, experiments containing carbon steels disks (CSDs) …

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Multifractality Of Posture Modulates Multisensory Perception Of Stand-On-Ability, Jonathan K. Doyon, Alen Hajnal, Tyler Surber, Joseph D. Clark, Damian G. Kelty-Stephen Feb 2019

Multifractality Of Posture Modulates Multisensory Perception Of Stand-On-Ability, Jonathan K. Doyon, Alen Hajnal, Tyler Surber, Joseph D. Clark, Damian G. Kelty-Stephen

Faculty Publications

By definition, perception is a multisensory process that unfolds in time as a complex sequence of exploratory activities of the organism. In such a system perception and action are integrated, and multiple energy arrays are available simultaneously. Perception of affordances interweaves sensory and motor activities into meaningful behavior given task constraints. The present contribution offers insight into the manner in which perception and action usher the organism through competent functional apprehension of its surroundings. We propose that the tensegrity structure of the body, manifested via multifractality of exploratory bodily movements informs perception of affordances. The affordance of stand-on-ability of ground …

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Obstacles To Translating The Promise Of Nanoparticles Into Viable Amyloid Disease Therapeutics, N. P. Van Der Munnik, M. A. Moss, M. J. Uline Feb 2019

Obstacles To Translating The Promise Of Nanoparticles Into Viable Amyloid Disease Therapeutics, N. P. Van Der Munnik, M. A. Moss, M. J. Uline

Faculty Publications

Nanoparticles (NPs) constitute a powerful therapeutic platform with exciting prospects as potential inhibitors of amyloid-β (Aβ) aggregation, a process associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Researchers have synthesized and tested a large collection of NPs with disparate sizes, shapes, electrostatic properties and surface ligands that evoke a variety of responses on Aβ aggregation. In spite of a decade of research on the NP-Aβ system and many promising experimental results, NPs have failed to progress to any level of clinical trials for AD. A theoretical framework with which to approach this physical system is presented featuring two simple metrics, (1) the extent …

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An Emrb Multidrug Efflux Pump In Burkholderia Thailandensis With Unexpected Roles In Antibiotic Resistance, Afsana Sabrin, Brennan W. Gioe, Ashish Gupta, Anne Grove Feb 2019

An Emrb Multidrug Efflux Pump In Burkholderia Thailandensis With Unexpected Roles In Antibiotic Resistance, Afsana Sabrin, Brennan W. Gioe, Ashish Gupta, Anne Grove

Faculty Publications

© 2019 Sabrin et al. The antibiotic trimethoprim is frequently used to manage Burkholderia infections, and members of the resistance-nodulation-division (RND) family of efflux pumps have been implicated in multidrug resistance of this species complex. We show here that a member of the distinct Escherichia coli multidrug resistance B (EmrB) family is a primary exporter of trimethoprim in Burkholderia thailandensis, as evidenced by increased trimethoprim sensitivity after inactivation of emrB, the gene that encodes EmrB. We also found that the emrB gene is up-regulated following the addition of gentamicin and that this up-regulation is due to repression of the gene …

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A New Multivariate Optical Computing Microelement And Miniature Sensor For Spectroscopic Chemical Sensing In Harsh Environments: Design, Fabrication, And Testing, Christopher M. Jones, Bin Dai, Jimmy Price, Jian Li, Megan Pearl, Bill Soltmann, Michael L. Myrick Feb 2019

A New Multivariate Optical Computing Microelement And Miniature Sensor For Spectroscopic Chemical Sensing In Harsh Environments: Design, Fabrication, And Testing, Christopher M. Jones, Bin Dai, Jimmy Price, Jian Li, Megan Pearl, Bill Soltmann, Michael L. Myrick

Faculty Publications

Multivariate optical computing (MOC) is a compressed sensing technique with the ability to provide accurate spectroscopic compositional analysis in a variety of different applications to multiple industries. Indeed, recent developments have demonstrated the successful deployment of MOC sensors in downhole/well-logging environments to interrogate the composition of hydrocarbon and other chemical constituents in oil and gas reservoirs. However, new challenges have necessitated sensors that operate at high temperatures and pressures (up to 230 °C and 138 MPa) as well as even smaller areas that require the miniaturization of their physical footprint. To this end, this paper details the design, fabrication, and …

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Population Connectivity Of Pelagic Megafauna In The Cuba-Mexico-United States Triangle, Jay R. Rooker, Michael A. Dance, R.J. David Wells, Matthew J. Ajemian, Barbara A. Block, Michael R. Castleton, J. Marcus Drymon, Brett J. Falterman, James S. Franks, Neil Hammerschlag, Jill M. Hendon, Eric R. Hoffmayer, Richard T. Kraus, Jennifer A. Mckinney, David H. Secor, Gregory W. Stunz, John F. Walter Feb 2019

Population Connectivity Of Pelagic Megafauna In The Cuba-Mexico-United States Triangle, Jay R. Rooker, Michael A. Dance, R.J. David Wells, Matthew J. Ajemian, Barbara A. Block, Michael R. Castleton, J. Marcus Drymon, Brett J. Falterman, James S. Franks, Neil Hammerschlag, Jill M. Hendon, Eric R. Hoffmayer, Richard T. Kraus, Jennifer A. Mckinney, David H. Secor, Gregory W. Stunz, John F. Walter

Faculty Publications

The timing and extent of international crossings by billfishes, tunas, and sharks in the Cuba-Mexico-United States (U.S.) triangle was investigated using electronic tagging data from eight species that resulted in >22,000 tracking days. Transnational movements of these highly mobile marine predators were pronounced with varying levels of bi- or tri-national population connectivity displayed by each species. Billfishes and tunas moved throughout the Gulf of Mexico and all species investigated (blue marlin, white marlin, Atlantic bluefin tuna, yellowfin tuna) frequently crossed international boundaries and entered the territorial waters of Cuba and/or Mexico. Certain sharks (tiger shark, scalloped hammerhead) displayed prolonged periods …

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Exposure Characterization Of Haloacetic Acids In Humans For Exposure And Risk Assessment Applications: An Exploratory Study, Shahid Parvez, Jeffrey L. Ashby, Susana Y. Kimura, Susan D. Richardson Feb 2019

Exposure Characterization Of Haloacetic Acids In Humans For Exposure And Risk Assessment Applications: An Exploratory Study, Shahid Parvez, Jeffrey L. Ashby, Susana Y. Kimura, Susan D. Richardson

Faculty Publications

Disinfected water is the major source of haloacetic acids (HAAs) in humans, but their inter- and intra-individual variability for exposure and risk assessment applications is under-researched. Thus, we measured HAAs in cross-sectional and longitudinal urine and water specimens from 17 individuals. Five regulated HAAs—mono-, di-, and trichloroacetic acid (MCAA, DCAA, and TCAA) and mono- and dibromoacetic acid (MBAA and DBAA)—and one unregulated HAA—bromochloroacetic acid (BCAA)—were measured. Urinary DCAA, MBAA, DBAA, and BCAA levels were always below the limits of detection (LOD). Measured levels and interindividual variability of urinary MCAA were higher than urinary TCAA. Longitudinal urinary specimens showed MCAA levels …

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Retrieval Of Phytoplankton Pigments From Underway Spectrophotometry In The Fram Strait, Yangyang Liu, Emmanuel Boss, Alison Chase, Hongyan Xi, Xiaodong Zhang, Rüdiger Röttgers, Yanqun Pan, Astrid Bracher Feb 2019

Retrieval Of Phytoplankton Pigments From Underway Spectrophotometry In The Fram Strait, Yangyang Liu, Emmanuel Boss, Alison Chase, Hongyan Xi, Xiaodong Zhang, Rüdiger Röttgers, Yanqun Pan, Astrid Bracher

Faculty Publications

Phytoplankton in the ocean are extremely diverse. The abundance of various intracellular pigments are often used to study phytoplankton physiology and ecology, and identify and quantify different phytoplankton groups. In this study, phytoplankton absorption spectra (αph(λ)) derived from underway flow-through AC-S measurements in the Fram Strait are combined with phytoplankton pigment measurements analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) to evaluate the retrieval of various pigment concentrations at high spatial resolution. The performances of two approaches, Gaussian decomposition and the matrix inversion technique are investigated and compared. Our study is the first to apply the matrix inversion …

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Discovering Cancer Subtypes Via An Accurate Fusion Strategy On Multiple Profile Data, Limin Jiang, Yongkang Xiao, Yijie Ding, Jijun Tang, Fei Guo Feb 2019

Discovering Cancer Subtypes Via An Accurate Fusion Strategy On Multiple Profile Data, Limin Jiang, Yongkang Xiao, Yijie Ding, Jijun Tang, Fei Guo

Faculty Publications

Discovering cancer subtypes is useful for guiding clinical treatment of multiple cancers. Progressive profile technologies for tissue have accumulated diverse types of data. Based on these types of expression data, various computational methods have been proposed to predict cancer subtypes. It is crucial to study how to better integrate these multiple profiles of data. In this paper, we collect multiple profiles of data for five cancers on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Then, we construct three similarity kernels for all patients of the same cancer by gene expression, miRNA expression and isoform expression data. We also propose a novel unsupervised …

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When Can Competition And Dispersal Lead To Checkerboard Distributions?, Tad Dallas, Brett A. Melbourne, Alan Hastings Feb 2019

When Can Competition And Dispersal Lead To Checkerboard Distributions?, Tad Dallas, Brett A. Melbourne, Alan Hastings

Faculty Publications

© 2018 The Authors. Journal of Animal Ecology © 2018 British Ecological Society Checkerboard distributions—mutually exclusive species co-occurrences—are a common observation in community ecology and biogeography. While the underlying causes of checkerboard distributions have remained elusive, a long-standing argument is that they are representative of strong competitive interactions and/or dispersal limitation. We explore this using a stochastic two-patch metacommunity model combined with an experimental two-patch system of competing Tribolium species, quantifying checkerboard distributions using the abundance-based index A st . We find that maintenance of checkerboard distributions is possible in a limited parameter space consisting of low dispersal rates, low …

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Landscape Of Gene Transposition-Duplication Within The Brassicaceae Family, Dong Ha Oh, Maheshi Dassanayake Feb 2019

Landscape Of Gene Transposition-Duplication Within The Brassicaceae Family, Dong Ha Oh, Maheshi Dassanayake

Faculty Publications

© The Author(s) 2018. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Kazusa DNA Research Institute. We developed the CLfinder-OrthNet pipeline that detects co-linearity among multiple closely related genomes, finds orthologous gene groups, and encodes the evolutionary history of each orthologue group into a representative network (OrthNet). Using a search based on network topology, we identified 1,394 OrthNets that included gene transposition-duplication (tr-d) events, out of 17,432 identified in six Brassicaceae genomes. Occurrences of tr-d shared by subsets of Brassicaceae genomes mirrored the divergence times between the genomes and their repeat contents. The majority of tr-d events resulted in truncated …

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Deepdrug3d: Classification Of Ligand-Binding Pockets In Proteins With A Convolutional Neural Network, Michal Brylinski, Limeng Pu, Rajiv Gandhi Govindaraj, Jeffrey Mitchell Lemoine Feb 2019

Deepdrug3d: Classification Of Ligand-Binding Pockets In Proteins With A Convolutional Neural Network, Michal Brylinski, Limeng Pu, Rajiv Gandhi Govindaraj, Jeffrey Mitchell Lemoine

Faculty Publications

Comprehensive characterization of ligand-binding sites is invaluable to infer molecular functions of hypothetical proteins, trace evolutionary relationships between proteins, engineer enzymes to achieve a desired substrate specificity, and develop drugs with improved selectivity profiles. These research efforts pose significant challenges owing to the fact that similar pockets are commonly observed across different folds, leading to the high degree of promiscuity of ligand-protein interactions at the system-level. On that account, novel algorithms to accurately classify binding sites are needed. Deep learning is attracting a significant attention due to its successful applications in a wide range of disciplines. In this communication, we …

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Inward Rectifier Potassium (Kir) Channels Mediate Salivary Gland Function And Blood Feeding In The Lone Star Tick, Amblyomma Americanum, Zhilin Li, Kevin R. Macaluso, Lane D. Foil, Daniel R. Swale Feb 2019

Inward Rectifier Potassium (Kir) Channels Mediate Salivary Gland Function And Blood Feeding In The Lone Star Tick, Amblyomma Americanum, Zhilin Li, Kevin R. Macaluso, Lane D. Foil, Daniel R. Swale

Faculty Publications

© 2019 Li et al. Background Tick feeding causes extreme morbidity and mortality to humans through transmission of pathogens and causes severe economic losses to the agricultural industry by reducing livestock yield. Salivary gland secretions are essential for tick feeding and thus, reducing or preventing saliva secretions into the vertebrate host is likely to reduce feeding and hinder pathogen life cycles. Unfortunately, the membrane physiology of tick salivary glands is underexplored and this gap in knowledge limits the development of novel therapeutics for inducing cessation of tick feeding. Methodology We studied the influence of inward rectifier potassium (Kir) channel subtypes …

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Deepdrug3d: Classification Of Ligand-Binding Pockets In Proteins With A Convolutional Neural Network, Limeng Pu, Rajiv Gandhi Govindaraj, Jeffrey Mitchell Lemoine, Hsiao Chun Wu, Michal Brylinski Feb 2019

Deepdrug3d: Classification Of Ligand-Binding Pockets In Proteins With A Convolutional Neural Network, Limeng Pu, Rajiv Gandhi Govindaraj, Jeffrey Mitchell Lemoine, Hsiao Chun Wu, Michal Brylinski

Faculty Publications

© 2019 Pu et al. Comprehensive characterization of ligand-binding sites is invaluable to infer molecular functions of hypothetical proteins, trace evolutionary relationships between proteins, engineer enzymes to achieve a desired substrate specificity, and develop drugs with improved selectivity profiles. These research efforts pose significant challenges owing to the fact that similar pockets are commonly observed across different folds, leading to the high degree of promiscuity of ligand-protein interactions at the system-level. On that account, novel algorithms to accurately classify binding sites are needed. Deep learning is attracting a significant attention due to its successful applications in a wide range of …

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Three Discipline Collaborative Radiation Therapy (3dcrt) Special Debate: The United States Should Build Additional Proton Therapy Facilities, Steve Braunstein, Li Wang, Wayne Newhauser, Todd Tenenholz, Yi Rong, Albert Van Der Kogel, Michael Dominello, Michael C. Joiner, Jay Burmeister Feb 2019

Three Discipline Collaborative Radiation Therapy (3dcrt) Special Debate: The United States Should Build Additional Proton Therapy Facilities, Steve Braunstein, Li Wang, Wayne Newhauser, Todd Tenenholz, Yi Rong, Albert Van Der Kogel, Michael Dominello, Michael C. Joiner, Jay Burmeister

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Trpm4 Ion Channels In Pre-Bötzinger Complex Interneurons Are Essential For Breathing Motor Pattern But Not Rhythm, Maria Cristina D. Picardo, Yae K. Sugimura, Kaitlyn E. Dorst, Prajkta S. Kallurkar, Victoria T. Akins, Xingru Ma, Ryoichi Teruyama, Romain Guinamard, Kaiwen Kam, Margaret S. Saha, Christopher A. Del Negro Feb 2019

Trpm4 Ion Channels In Pre-Bötzinger Complex Interneurons Are Essential For Breathing Motor Pattern But Not Rhythm, Maria Cristina D. Picardo, Yae K. Sugimura, Kaitlyn E. Dorst, Prajkta S. Kallurkar, Victoria T. Akins, Xingru Ma, Ryoichi Teruyama, Romain Guinamard, Kaiwen Kam, Margaret S. Saha, Christopher A. Del Negro

Faculty Publications

© 2019 Picardo et al. Inspiratory breathing movements depend on pre-Bötzinger complex (preBötC) interneurons that express calcium (Ca 2+ )-activated nonselective cationic current (I CAN ) to generate robust neural bursts. Hypothesized to be rhythmogenic, reducing I CAN is predicted to slow down or stop breathing; its contributions to motor pattern would be reflected in the magnitude of movements (output). We tested the role(s) of I CAN using reverse genetic techniques to diminish its putative ion channels Trpm4 or Trpc3 in preBötC neurons in vivo. Adult mice transduced with Trpm4-targeted short hairpin RNA (shRNA) progressively decreased the tidal volume of …

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Bed Bugs (Cimex Lectularius L.) Exhibit Limited Ability To Develop Heat Resistance, Aaron R. Ashbrook, Michael E. Scharf, Gary W. Bennett, Ameya D. Gondhalekar Feb 2019

Bed Bugs (Cimex Lectularius L.) Exhibit Limited Ability To Develop Heat Resistance, Aaron R. Ashbrook, Michael E. Scharf, Gary W. Bennett, Ameya D. Gondhalekar

Faculty Publications

The global population growth of the bed bug, Cimex lectularius (L.), is attributed to their cryptic behavior, diverse insecticide resistance mechanisms, and lack of public awareness. Bed bug control can be challenging and typically requires chemical and non-chemical treatments. One common non-chemical method for bed bug management is thermal remediation. However, in certain instances, bed bugs are known to survive heat treatments. Bed bugs may be present after a heat treatment due to (i) abiotic factors associated with the inability to achieve lethal temperatures in harborage areas for a sufficient time period, (ii) re-infestation from insects that escaped to cooler …

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Combined Linkage And Association Analysis Identifies Rare And Low Frequency Variants For Blood Pressure At 1q31, Heming Wang, Priyanka Nandakumar, Fasil Tekola-Ayele, Bamidele O. Tayo, Erin B. Ware, C. Charles Gu, Yingchang Lu, Jie Yao, Wei Zhao, Jennifer A. Smith, Jacklyn N. Hellwege, Xiuqing Guo, Todd L. Edwards, Ruth J.F. Loos, Donna K. Arnett, Myriam Fornage, Charles Rotimi, Sharon L.R. Kardia, Richard S. Cooper, D. C. Rao, Georg Ehret, Aravinda Chakravarti, Xiaofeng Zhu Feb 2019

Combined Linkage And Association Analysis Identifies Rare And Low Frequency Variants For Blood Pressure At 1q31, Heming Wang, Priyanka Nandakumar, Fasil Tekola-Ayele, Bamidele O. Tayo, Erin B. Ware, C. Charles Gu, Yingchang Lu, Jie Yao, Wei Zhao, Jennifer A. Smith, Jacklyn N. Hellwege, Xiuqing Guo, Todd L. Edwards, Ruth J.F. Loos, Donna K. Arnett, Myriam Fornage, Charles Rotimi, Sharon L.R. Kardia, Richard S. Cooper, D. C. Rao, Georg Ehret, Aravinda Chakravarti, Xiaofeng Zhu

Faculty Publications

High blood pressure (BP) is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and is more prevalent in African Americans as compared to other US groups. Although large, population-based genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified over 300 common polymorphisms modulating inter-individual BP variation, largely in European ancestry subjects, most of them do not localize to regions previously identified through family-based linkage studies. This discrepancy has remained unexplained despite the statistical power differences between current GWAS and prior linkage studies. To address this issue, we performed genome-wide linkage analysis of BP traits in African-American families from the Family Blood Pressure Program …

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Functional Polymers Through Mechanochemistry, Stephen Schrettl, Diedrik W.R. Balkenende, Céline Calvino, Marc Karman, Ana Lavrenova, Laura N. Neumann, Yoshimitsu Sagara, Ester Verde-Sesto, Michela Di Giannantonio, Yoan C. Simon, Katharina M. Fromm, Marco Lattuada, Christoph Weder Feb 2019

Functional Polymers Through Mechanochemistry, Stephen Schrettl, Diedrik W.R. Balkenende, Céline Calvino, Marc Karman, Ana Lavrenova, Laura N. Neumann, Yoshimitsu Sagara, Ester Verde-Sesto, Michela Di Giannantonio, Yoan C. Simon, Katharina M. Fromm, Marco Lattuada, Christoph Weder

Faculty Publications

While coupling mechanical and chemical processes is widespread in living organisms, the idea to harness the mechanically induced dissociation of weak covalent and non-covalent bonds to create artificial materials that respond to mechanical stimulation has only recently gained attention. Here we summarize our activities that mainly revolve around the exploitation of non-covalent interactions in (supramolecular) polymeric materials with the goal to translate mechanical stresses into useful, pre-defined events. Focusing on mechano- chromic polymers that alter their optical absorption or fluorescence properties, several new operating principles, mechanosensitive entities, and materials systems were developed. Such materials are expected to be useful for …

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Host Sex, Size, And Hemoparasite Infection Influence The Effects Of Ectoparasitic Burdens On Free-Ranging Iguanas, Christine Lattin Feb 2019

Host Sex, Size, And Hemoparasite Infection Influence The Effects Of Ectoparasitic Burdens On Free-Ranging Iguanas, Christine Lattin

Faculty Publications

Investigations focusing on host-ectoparasite interactions in animals have revealed asymptomatic to severe health and fitness consequences suggesting that species mobilize different interspecific response mechanisms. Fewer studies, however, have examined intraspecific responses to ectoparasitic burdens. In this study, we analyzed host health and fitness responses to increasing ectoparasite burdens along with the presence/absence of hemoparasites of free-ranging insular rock iguanas (Cyclura cychlura) in The Bahamas. Using hematology, plasma biochemistry, as well as body condition and growth rate comparisons, we failed to find significant associations of tick burdens with annual growth rate, corticosterone, packed cell volume, total white blood cell, and heterophil, …

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Impacts Of Elevated Pco2 On Estuarine Phytoplankton Biomass And Community Structure In Two Biogeochemically Distinct Systems In Louisiana, Usa, Amy J. Mallozzi, Reagan M. Errera, Sibel Bargu, Achim D. Herrmann Feb 2019

Impacts Of Elevated Pco2 On Estuarine Phytoplankton Biomass And Community Structure In Two Biogeochemically Distinct Systems In Louisiana, Usa, Amy J. Mallozzi, Reagan M. Errera, Sibel Bargu, Achim D. Herrmann

Faculty Publications

© 2018 Ocean acidification has the potential to impact the ocean's biogeochemical cycles and food web dynamics, with phytoplankton in the distinctive position to profoundly influence both, as individual phytoplankton species play unique roles in energy flow and element cycling. Previous studies have focused on short-term exposure of monocultures to low pH, but do not reflect the competitive dynamics within natural phytoplankton communities. This study explores the use of experimental microcosms to expose phytoplankton assemblages to elevated pCO2 for an extended period of time. Phytoplankton communities were collected from two biogeochemically distinct Louisiana estuaries, Caillou Lake (CL) and Barataria Bay …

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Workshop Report: Cryopreservation Of Aquatic Biomedical Models, Mary Hagedorn, Zoltan Varga, Ronald B. Walter, Terrence R. Tiersch Feb 2019

Workshop Report: Cryopreservation Of Aquatic Biomedical Models, Mary Hagedorn, Zoltan Varga, Ronald B. Walter, Terrence R. Tiersch

Faculty Publications

The genetic resources of aquatic biomedical model organisms are the products of millions of years of evolution, decades of scientific development, and hundreds of millions of dollars of research funding investment. Genetic resources (e.g., specific alleles, transgenes, or combinations) of each model organism can be considered a form of scientific wealth that can be accumulated and exchanged, typically in the form of live animals or germplasm. Large-scale maintenance of live aquatic organisms that carry these genetic resources is inefficient, costly, and risky. In situ maintenance may be substantially enhanced and backed up by combining cryopreserved germplasm repositories and genetic information …

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Gobbling Chronology Of Eastern Wild Turkeys In South Carolina, Patrick H. Wightman, John C. Kilgo, Mark Vukovich, Jay R. Cantrell, Charles R. Ruth, Bradley S. Cohen, Michael J. Chamberlain, Bret A. Collier Feb 2019

Gobbling Chronology Of Eastern Wild Turkeys In South Carolina, Patrick H. Wightman, John C. Kilgo, Mark Vukovich, Jay R. Cantrell, Charles R. Ruth, Bradley S. Cohen, Michael J. Chamberlain, Bret A. Collier

Faculty Publications

Eastern wild turkeys (Meleagris gallopavo silvestris) use a polygynous-promiscuous mating system, wherein males compete for mating opportunities and communicate with females via courtship behaviors. One courtship behavior is vocalization (gobbling), which attracts females and signals dominance to other males. However, temporal variation in gobbling activity may be influenced by external stimuli, environmental variation, and hunter activity. Gobbling activity is a key determinant of hunter satisfaction, and gobbling chronology is often used by state agencies to inform regulatory processes. To identify factors influencing gobbling activity, we evaluated daily gobbling chronology on 3 sites in South Carolina, USA (Webb Wildlife Management Area …

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Meta-Analysis Of Quantitative Trait Loci Associated With Seedling-Stage Salt Tolerance In Rice (Oryza Sativa L.), Md Shofiqul Islam, John Ontoy, Prasanta K. Subudhi Feb 2019

Meta-Analysis Of Quantitative Trait Loci Associated With Seedling-Stage Salt Tolerance In Rice (Oryza Sativa L.), Md Shofiqul Islam, John Ontoy, Prasanta K. Subudhi

Faculty Publications

Soil and water salinity is one of the major abiotic stresses that reduce growth and productivity in major food crops including rice. The lack of congruence of salt tolerance quantitative trait loci (QTLs) in multiple genetic backgrounds and multiple environments is a major hindrance for undertaking marker-assisted selection (MAS). A genome-wide meta-analysis of QTLs controlling seedling-stage salt tolerance was conducted in rice using QTL information from 12 studies. Using a consensus map, 11 meta-QTLs for three traits with smaller confidence intervals were localized on chromosomes 1 and 2. The phenotypic variance of 3 meta-QTLs was _20%. Based on phenotyping of …

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