Digital Commons Network^™

Insulin Responsiveness In Skeletal Muscle Is Determined By Glucose Transporter (Glut4) Protein Level, M. Kern, J. A. Wells, J. M. Stephens, C. W. Elton, J. E. Friedman, E. B. Tapscott, P. H. Pekala, G. L. Dohm

Faculty Publications

Glucose transport in skeletal muscle is mediated by two distinct transporter isoforms, designated muscle/adipose glucose transporter (Glut4) and erythrocyte/HepG2/brain glucose transporter (Glut1), which differ in both abundance and membrane distribution. The present study was designed to investigate whether differences in insulin responsiveness of red and white muscle might be due to differential expression of the glucose transporter isoforms. Glucose transport, as well as Glut1 and Glut4 protein and mRNA levels, were determined in red and white portions of the quadriceps and gastrocnemius muscles of male Sprague-Dawley rats (body wt. approx. 250 g). Maximal glucose transport (in response to 100 nM-insulin) …

Intrinsic Tryptophan Fluorescence Measurements Suggest That Polylactosaminyl Glycosylation Affects The Protein Conformation Of The Gelatin‐Binding Domain From Human Placental Fibronectin, Betty C.R. Zhu, Roger A. Laine, Mary D. Barkley

Faculty Publications

Glycosylation can affect the physical and biochemical properties of the polypeptide chain in glycoproteins. Asparagine‐N‐linked polylactosaminyl glycosylation of the chymotryptic 44‐kDa gelatin‐binding domain from human placental fibronectin confers protease resistance [Zhu, B. C. R., Fisher, S. F., Panda, H., Calaycay, J., Shively, J. E. & Laine, R. A. (1984) J. Biol. Chem. 259, 3962–3970] and weakens the binding to gelatin [Zhu, B. C. R. & Laine, R. A. (1985) J. Biol. Chem. 260, 4041–4045]. Intrinsic tryptophan fluorescence of the gelatinbinding domain was used to probe glycosylation‐dependent protein conformation changes. In gelatin‐binding fragments containing incrementally smaller polylactosamine oligosaccharides, the fluorescence intensity …

Dynamics And Controls Of Methane Oxidation In A Danish Wetland Sediment, Gary M. King

Faculty Publications

Abstract The patterns and controls of methane oxidation in a Danish wetland sediment have been determined using a combination of slurry and intact core techniques. Results from slurries indicated that methane oxidation was effectively inhibited by low concentrations of nitrapyrin (9 μM) and acetylene (0.5 μM) but that oxidation was relatively insensitive to pH between 6 and 8; in addition, high concentrations of ammonia (1 mM) decreased oxidation, especially at alkaline pH. Kinetic analyses of methane oxidation in slurries indicated that Vmax was high relative to values reported for other sediments, that Vmax changed seasonally, that Km was consistently low …

Formation Of Methylmercaptan And Dimethylsulfide From Methoxylated Aromatic Compounds In Anoxic Marine And Fresh Water Sediments, Kai Finster, Gary M. King, Friedhelm Bak

Faculty Publications

Abstract Anaerobic formation of dimethylsulfide (DMS) and methylmercaptan (MSH) in anoxic sulfide‐containing slurries from marine and fresh water sediments was stimulated by addition of syringate (4‐hydroxy,3,5,‐dimethoxybenzoate) and 3,4,5,‐trimethoxybenzoate. The release of DMS and MSH occurred during the consumption of the aromatic monomers and ceased after their depletion. DMS was the dominant methylated sulfur compound in fresh water sediments, in contrast to marine sediments where MSH was predominant. No production of volatile organic sulfur compounds was observed in slurries containing gallate (3,4,5,‐trihydroxybenzoate) or in autoclaved controled. About 50–65% of the methoxy carbon could be accounted for by peak accumulation of DMS …

Videomicroscopic Comparison Of Bull Sperm And Leukocyte Chromosome Areas As Related To Gender, J. E. Chandler, V. Tirado, R. W. Adkinson

Faculty Publications

Chromosomal areas from metaphase spreads of male bovine leukocytes were digitized and sex chromosomes identified using videomicroscopy. Autosomal areas were ranked in descending order within a cell and assigned to two categories based on alternating rank. X and Y chromosome areas were assigned to respective categories. Areas were divided by 4 to make their sum equivalent to sperm DNA content. Data were analyzed before and after inclusion of sex chromosomal areas. Before X and Y inclusion, rank contributed to difference in chromosomal areas. Rank by category interaction and category effects did not contribute to area variation. After X and Y …

Gestational Age Reporting And Preterm Delivery, Greg R. Alexander, Mark E. Tompkins, Donald A. Cornely

Faculty Publications

This study examines recent trends in the reporting completeness and quality of gestational age estimates derived from the date of the last normal menses (DLNM) as reported in South Carolina vital records from 1974 to 1985. Noteworthy improvements in the completeness of reporting emerged during this period with a decline from 31.1 percent missing information in 1974 to 6.6 percent missing in 1985. Completeness of reporting and strategies for imputing values for missing data were analyzed for their impact on the calculation of the percentage of pr?term live births. The results indicate that the underreporting of gestational age can lead …

Rheology Of Aqueous Suspensions Of Polystyrene Latex Stabilized By Grafted Poly(Ethylene Oxide), Harry J. Ploehn, J. W. Goodwin

Faculty Publications

A water-soluble carbodiimide has been used to end-graft aminated poly (ethylene oxide)(PEO) chemically onto colloidal polystyrene particles. Two particle sizes (115 and 347 nm diameter) and two PEO molecular weights (112 000 and 615 000 g mol^–1) were combined to give suspensions with four different ratios of polymer layer thickness to particle radius. Electrophoresis demonstrated that the PEO was grafted, not just adsorbed. Dynamic light scattering showed that the adsorbed and grafted layers had similar structures and that non-ionic surfactant perturbed the PEO configurations. Steady shear and oscillatory rheometry indicated that long-ranged polymeric forces between particles governed the …

A Critique Of Justice Antonin Scalia's Approach To Fundamental Rights Adjudication, E. Gary Spitko

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Role Of Polyamines In Dna Synthesis Of Catharanthus Roseus Cells Grown In Suspension Culture, Rakesh Minocha, Subhash C. Minocha, Atsushi Komamine, Walter C. Shortle

Faculty Publications

The requirement for polyamines in the proliferation of cells was first demonstrated in bacteria (3). While significant progress has been made in this field using animal cell cultures, only preliminary studies have been reported with plant tissues. Serafini-Fracassini et al. (9) showed a marked increase in polyamine synthesis early during the G 1 phase, concomitant with the synthesis of RNA, following the break of dormancy in Helianthus tuberosus tuber tissue. A second phase of polyamine accumulation began during the progression of S phase. Torrigiani et al. (10) and Phillips et al. (7) later showed that all major polyamines peaked during …

The Necessary Interrelationship Between Land Use And Preservation Of Groundwater Resources, Linda A. Malone

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Accretion And Canal Impacts In A Rapidly Subsiding Wetland Ii. Feldspar Marker Horizon Technique, Donald R. Cahoon, R. Eugene Turner

Faculty Publications

Recent (6–12 month) marsh sediment accretion and accumulation rates were measured with feldspar marker horizons in the vicinity of natural waterways and man-made canals with spoil banks in the rapidly subsiding environment of coastal Louisiana. Annual accretion rates in aSpartina alterniflora salt marsh in the Mississippi deltaic plain averaged 6 mm in marsh adjacent to canals compared to 10 mm in marsh adjacent to natural waterways. The rates, however, were not statistically significantly different. The average rate of sediment accretion in the same salt marsh region for a transect perpendicular to a canal (13 mm yr−1) was significantly greater …

Dietary Protein Deficiency And Mycobacterium Bovis Bcg Affect Interleukin-2 Activity In Experimental Pulmonary Tuberculosis, David N. Mcmurray, C. L. Mintzer, R. A. Bartow, Rebecca D. Parr

Faculty Publications

Inbred strain 2 guinea pigs were vaccinated with Mycobacterium bovis BCG or were left unvaccinated. They were maintained for 6 weeks on defined, isocaloric diets containing either 30% (control animals) or 10% (animals receiving low protein) ovalbumin as the sole protein source. Animals were challenged by the respiratory route with a low dose of virulent M. tuberculosis H37Rv and killed 4 weeks later. Protein-malnourished animals were not protected by previous vaccination with BCG. Lymphocytes isolated from various tissues were tested in vitro for proliferative responses to mitogen (concanavalin A) and antigen (purified protein derivative [PPD]), production of interleukin-2 (IL-2), and …

Erratum, John C. Larkin, Paul A. Lefebvre, Carolyn D. Silflow

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

A Proposal For Reallocation Of Federal Grazing-Revisited, B. Delworth Gardner

Faculty Publications

Over a quarter of a century ago, I analyzed the allocation procedures utilized by the federal agencies which administer livestock grazing on the public lands (Gardner 1962). Two factors contributing to grazing misallocation and reduced range productivity were identified: (1) the "eligibility" requirements that qualify permittees for grazing privileges prevented the utilization of forage by ranchers who would value it most, and (2) use-tenure insecurity resulting from cuts in permitted grazing impeded private investment in range improvements on the public ranges. In a second paper, I proposed that the grazing privilege system be reformed such that efficient allocation of forage …

Clip Art: Suggestions For Use And A Guide To Sources, Ken Haycock, L. Austrom

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Ultrastructure Of The Early Stages Of Infection Of Peanut Leaves By The Rust Fungus Puccinia Srachidis [Abstract], C. W. Mims, Josephine Taylor, E. A. Richardson

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Potential For Biological Control Of Dendroctonus And Ips Bark Beetles, David Kulhavy, Mitchel C. Miller

Faculty Publications

"The evolution of olfactory communication in bade beetles brought with it the parallel or coevolution of kairomonal systems in the natural enemy complexes. Entomophagous insects developed olfactory receptors and behavioral patterns responsive to insect and host-produced volatiles in the ecosystems of bark beetles. The phenomenon has both positive and negative implications for efforts to employ natural enemies in pest management."

Table Of Contents - Potential For Biological Control Of Dendroctonus And Ips Bark Beetles, David Kulhavy, Mitchel C. Miller

Faculty Publications

PART ONE - BIOLOGICAL CONTROL: Concepts and Implications

Potential for Biological Control of Dendroctonus and Ips Bark Beetles: The Case for and Against the Biological Control of Bark Beetles.

Donald L. Dahlsten and Mark C. Whitmore .................................................................. 3

Alternative and Successful Biological Control in Theory and Practice

David Pimentel and Heikki Hokkanen ......................................................................... 21

PART TWO - CLASSICAL BIOLOGICAL CONTROL: Practical Considerations and Applications

Olfactory Basis For Insect Enemies Of Allied Species

T.L. Payne ......................................................................................................................... 55

Barke Beetles, Natural Enemies, Management Selection Interactions

T. Evan Nebeker .............................................................................................................. 71

Biological Control of Ips grandicollis (Eichhoff) (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) in Australia - A …

Ipps Spp. Natural Enemy Relationships In The Gulf Coastal States, David Kulhavy, R. A. Goyer, M A. Riley

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Death, Suffering, Predation, Animal Rights And Interpretation, Denis Hahn, Paul Risk

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

The U.S. Household Furniture Industry: Adapting To Changing Times., Brian A. Doherty, Steven H. Bullard

Faculty Publications

The U.S. wood household furniture industry has adapted to change in many ways in recent years. The industry has grown steadily since the 1982 recession, and has been shifting to the U.S . South and Southeast. Although California has also become prominent in furniture production, many recent factors indicate geographic shifts away from the state, particularly in wood furniture production. The household furniture industry has also adapted and continues to adapt to factors which have increased the globalization of trade in all products. Foreign competition has resulted in mergers and consolidation in the U.S. household furniture industry, and has also …

A Subset Of Type-Specific Epitopes Map In The Amino Terminus Of Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Glycoprotein B, K. Kousoulas, M. Arsenakis, L. Pereira

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Early Embryonic Development In Vitro By Coculture With Oviductal Epithelial Cells In Pigs, K. L. White, K. Hehnke, L. F. Rickords, L. L. Southern, D. L. Thompson, T. C. Wood

Faculty Publications

This experiment was designed to evaluate the ability of three different somatic cell cultures to promote development of early cleavage stage pig embryos. A total of 245 2-cell, 4-cell, 8-cell, and 16-cell pig embryos were cocultured for 5 days with porcine oviductal epithelial cells (POEC), porcine fetal fibroblast monolayer (PEF), a combined POEC and PEF coculture system (PEF-POEC), or Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium alone (DMEM). Embryos were collected at slaughter from the reproductive tracts of superovulated prepubertal gilts. Embryos were recovered, evaluated, and randomly placed in one of the four treatment groups. POEC were recovered from oviductal flushes, washed, and …

Hypertension As A Cause Of Lower Than Expected Death Rates From Coronary Artery Disease Among Blacks., R. Cooper, B. E. Simmons

Faculty Publications

Coronary risk factors are more prevalent among blacks than whites in the United States. It is therefore paradoxical that age-adjusted death rates for coronary artery disease (CAD) are similar in the two racial groups. The major risk factor for CAD that is more common among blacks than whites is hypertension, which increases the risk of CAD by two- to fourfold, depending on the presence of smoking, hypercholesterolemia, or other factors. Two general hypotheses have been advanced to explain the lower than expected CAD rates among blacks: (1) the presence of some protective factors, such as increased levels of high density …

Prairie Ant Colony Longevity And Mound Growth, Gregg Henderson, Robert L. Jeanne, Russel O. Wagner

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Reference Standards For Flow Cytometry And Application In Comparative Studies Of Nuclear Dna Content, Terrence R. Tiersch, Robert W. Chandler, Stephen S. Wachtel, Sherman Elias

Faculty Publications

Nuclear DNA mass in cells from a reference species can be used to obtain high‐resolution estimates of DNA mass from a target species. In our study of DNA mass in cells from 45 selected species, representing each of the major vertebrate classes, we have obtained values of from 1.5 to 110.0 pg of DNA. Because values in or near this range would be expected in the study of nuclear DNA mass in vertebrates and other organisms, the species in this report can provide a useful catalogue of references for comparative studies of DNA. Copyright © 1989 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

Age And Growth Of King Mackerel, Scomberomorus Cavalla, From The Atlantic Coast Of The United States, Mark R. Collins, David J. Schmidt, C. Wayne Waltz, James L. Pinckney

Faculty Publications

Whole sagittae from 683 and sectioned sagittae from 773 "adult" (age> 0 ; 437-1.310 mm FL), and lapilli from 29 larval (2-7 mm SL) and 69 young-of-the-year (79-320 mm FL) king mackerel, were examined. All fish were from waters off the Atlantic coast of the southeastern United States (Cape Canaveral, Florida to Cape Fear. North Carolina). Back-calculated lengths at ages and von Bertalanffy growth equations were calculated from both whole and sectioned sagittae. Ages determined from sectioned sagittae were significantly greater than ages determined from whole sagittae, and the magnitude of the difference increased with age (from sections). Rings on …

The University Of Choice: Social Work Students At Uni, James G. Mccullagh

Faculty Publications

The study examined expressed reasons for choosing the University of Northern Iowa (UNI) by undergraduate students majoring in social work there. Responses of 205 social work majors to a questionnaire found that these students chose UNI primarily because of location; size; cost; the presence of a social work program; to get a good education; to be with their friends; and to continue a family tradition. Other findings indicated that 44% of students had attended other colleges previously; that many students considered other majors before deciding on social work; that 84% of the students had been born in Iowa; that 50% …

The Renewed Concern Over Soil Erosion: The Current Federal Programs And Proposals, Linda A. Malone

Faculty Publications

Because soil erosion affects the quantity and quality of farmland, it is a matter of great concern for both the government and the farm industry. Whereas in the past concern was over the potential damage to productivity, concern is now being voiced over off-site damage and water pollution. There are numerous federal programs set up to fight soil erosion, but they are all voluntary, thereby making it difficult for the government to target funds. The author reviews the seriousness of the problem, looks at the numerous government programs, and then analyzes the Food Security Act of 1985—the first act to …

Feminism And The Limits Of Equality, Patricia A. Cain

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.