Digital Commons Network^™

Sports In The Courts: How Sports References Strengthen Written Advocacy And Judicial Opinions (Part I), Douglas E. Abrams

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Australia And The United States: Two Common Criminal Justice Systems Uncommonly At Odds, Part 2, Paul Marcus, Vicki Waye

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Proving Fair Use: Burden Of Proof As Burden Of Speech, Ned Snow

Faculty Publications

Courts have created a burden of proof in copyright that chills protected speech. The doctrine of fair use purports to ensure that copyright law does not trample rights of speakers whose expression employs copyrighted material. Yet those speakers face a burden of proof that weighs heavily in the fair use analysis, where factual inquiries are often subjective and speculative. Failure to satisfy the burden means severe penalties, which prospect quickly chills the free exercise of speech that constitutes a fair use. The fair-use burden of proof is repugnant to the fair use purpose. Today, copyright holders are exploiting the burden …

Developing Cyberspace Data Understanding Using Crisp-Dm For Host-Based Ids Feature Mining, Joseph R. Erskine, Gilbert L. Peterson, Barry E. Mullins, Michael R. Grimaila

Faculty Publications

Current intrusion detection systems (IDS) generate a large number of specific alerts, but typically do not provide actionable information. Compounding this problem is the fact that many alerts are false positive alerts. This paper applies the Cross Industry Standard Process for Data Mining (CRISP-DM) to develop an understanding of a host environment under attack. Data is generated by launching scans and exploits at a machine outfitted with a set of host-based forensic data collectors. Through knowledge discovery, features are selected to project human understanding of the attack process into the IDS model. By discovering relationships between the data collected and …

A Flag Is Flipped And A Nation Flaps: The Politics And Patriotism Of The First International World Series, Todd J. Wiebe

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Clay Mineral Evolution In The Central Okinawa Trough Since 28 Ka: Implications For Sediment Provenance And Paleoenvironmental Change, Yanguang Dou, Shouye Yang, Zhenxia Liu, Peter D. Clift, Hua Yu, Serge Berne, Xuefa Shi

Faculty Publications

The Okinawa Trough is a natural laboratory for the study of later Quaternary land-ocean interaction and paleoenvironmental changes. In this study we reconstruct the evolution of clay mineral assemblages in Core DGKS9604 retrieved from the central Okinawa Trough. Illite dominates the clay mineral compositions, with average contents above 60%. Clay mineral evolution since 28 ka is closely related to changes in sediment provenance and paleoenvironment. Sea level rise and the strength of the Kuroshio Current control the dispersal and deposition of clays on the East China Sea shelf and in the Okinawa Trough, and thus, determine the clay mineral compositions …

Role Of Casein Kinase 1 In The Glucose Sensor-Mediated Signaling Pathway In Yeast, Satish Pasula, Samujjwal Chakraborty, Jae H. Choi, Jeong-Ho Kim

Faculty Publications

Background

In yeast, glucose-dependent degradation of the Mth1 protein, a corepressor of the glucose transporter gene (HXT) repressor Rgt1, is a crucial event enabling expression of several HXT. This event occurs through a signaling pathway that involves the Rgt2 and Snf3 glucose sensors and yeast casein kinase 1 and 2 (Yck1/2). In this study, we examined whether the glucose sensors directly couple with Yck1/2 to convert glucose binding into an intracellular signal that leads to the degradation of Mth1.

Results

High levels of glucose induce degradation of Mth1 through the Rgt2/Snf3 glucose signaling pathway. Fluorescence microscopy analysis …

Mechanisms Of Apoptosis In Crustacea: What Conditions Induce Versus Suppress Cell Death?, Michael A. Menze, Grady Fortner, Suman Nag, Steven C. Hand

Faculty Publications

Arthropoda is the largest of all animal phyla and includes about 90% of extant species. Our knowledge about regulation of apoptosis in this phylum is largely based on findings for the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster. Recent work with crustaceans shows that apoptotic proteins, and presumably mechanisms of cell death regulation, are more diverse in arthropods than appreciated based solely on the excellent work with fruit flies. Crustacean homologs exist for many major proteins in the apoptotic networks of mammals and D. melanogaster, but integration of these proteins into the physiology and pathophysiology of crustaceans is far from complete. Whether apoptosis …

Evaluations Of A Novel Isolate Of Isaria Fumosorosea For Control Of The Asian Citrus Psyllid, Diaphorina Citri (Hemiptera: Psyllidae), Marjorie A. Hoy, Raghuwinder Singh, Michael E. Rogers

Faculty Publications

A fungal pathogen that killed adult Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Asian citrus psyllid) in Florida citrus groves was isolated, characterized molecularly and morphologically and identified as a novel isolate of Isaria fumosorosea (Ifr) (= Paecilomyces fumosoroseus) from the Asian citrus psyllid (Ifr AsCP), but no concentration-mortality or time-response data were obtained. When adult psyllids were sprayed with spores at 28°C, time response (LT50) values of 111 and 102.5 h at spore concentrations of 1 × 107 and 1 × 108 spores/mL, respectively, were obtained. The LT99, was 167.4 and 174.6 h, respectively, for the 2 spore concentrations. After 192 h, the …

Spontaneous Group Decision Making In Distributed Collaborative Learning: Toward A New Research Direction., Geoffrey Liu

Faculty Publications

This paper attempts to identify and establish spontaneous group decision making in collaborative learning as a new research direction, with particular attention to collaborative learning in distributed online environments. After a brief introduction, related concepts and theories are examined for differentiation of interpretation. The concept of “spontaneous group decision making” is established in the context of collaborative learning. Literature review is conducted to glean anecdotal observations from past research to identify potentially influential factors, and a diagram framework is proposed to charter the territory. The paper also reports findings from a preliminary survey of 159 graduate students on their group …

Review Of Innocent Blood: Essential Narratives Of The Mountain Meadows Massacre, J. Michael Hunter

Faculty Publications

A review of the book Innocent Blood: Essential Narratives of the Mountain Meadows Massacre, edited by David L. Bigler and Will Bagley (Norman, Okla.: Arthur H. Clark, 2008), the twelfth volume of the Kingdom in the West book series.

Fourier Series On Compact Symmetric Spaces: K-Finite Functions Of Small Support, Gestur Ólafsson, Henrik Schlichtkrull

Faculty Publications

The Fourier coefficients of a function f on a compact symmetric space U/K are given by integration of f against matrix coefficients of irreducible representations of U. The coefficients depend on a spectral parameter μ, which determines the representation, and they can be represented by elements f̂(μ) in a common Hilbert space ℋ. We obtain a theorem of Paley-Wiener type which describes the size of the support of f by means of the exponential type of a holomorphic ℋ-valued extension of f̂, provided f is K-finite and of sufficiently small support. The result was obtained previously for K-invariant functions, to …

Organization, Structure, And Assembly Of Alpha-Carboxysomes Determined By Electron Cryotomography Of Intact Cells, Cristina V. Iancu, Dylan M. Morris, Zhicheng Dou, Sabine Heinhorst, Gordon C. Cannon, Grant J. Jensen

Faculty Publications

Carboxysomes are polyhedral inclusion bodies that play a key role in autotrophic metabolism in many bacteria. Using electron cryotomography, we examined carboxysomes in their native states within intact cells of three chemolithoautotrophic bacteria. We found that carboxysomes generally cluster into distinct groups within the cytoplasm, often in the immediate vicinity of polyphosphate granules, and a regular lattice of density frequently connects granules to nearby carboxysomes. Small granular bodies were also seen within carboxysomes. These observations suggest a functional relationship between carboxysomes and polyphosphate granules. Carboxysomes exhibited greater size, shape, and compositional variability in cells than in purified preparations. Finally, we …

Ultrafast Relaxation And 2d Ir Of The Aqueous Trifluorocarboxylate Ion, Daniel G. Kuroda, Dmitriy Yu Vorobyev, Robin M. Hochstrasser

Faculty Publications

The asymmetric stretching vibration of the amphiphilic trifluoroacetate ion and its C13= O16 isotopologue in D2 O were investigated with infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), ultrafast infrared pump probe, and two dimensional vibrational photon echo techniques and simulations. Trifluoroacetate ions have a nonexponential depopulation of the first vibrational excited state, which is well described by a kinetic mechanism involving a temperature dependent solvent assisted relaxation to the symmetric stretch mode. The vibrational spectrum of the asymmetric stretch of the C 13= O 16 isotopologue presents an unusual spectral shape. The frequency-frequency autocorrelation function shows a static term not present in the C13= …

Switzerland's Nation Branding Initiative To Foster Science And Technology, Higher Education And Innovation: A Case Study, Marc Fetscherin, Pascal Marmier

Faculty Publications

This article presents a case study about Switzerland's initiative to promote its science and technology, higher education and innovation environment. This is accomplished through a worldwide network of science and technology outposts run by the Swiss State Secretariat for Education and Research in cooperation with the Federal Department of Foreign Affairs. In this article, we specifically discuss the outpost located in Boston. swissnex Boston acts as a physical and virtual environment to foster closer ties between Switzerland and the Boston region in various fields of interest to academia, industry, business and society. We present the history and mission of swissnex …

Kaposi's Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus Glycoproteins B And K8.1 Regulate Virion Egress And Synthesis Of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor And Viral Interleukin-6 In Bcbl-1 Cells, R. Subramanian, I. Sehgal, O. D'Auvergne, K. G. Kousoulas

Faculty Publications

Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) viral glycoproteins play important roles in the infectious life cycle and have been implicated in KSHV-associated endothelial cell transformation, angiogenesis, and KS-induced malignancies. KSHV-associated primary effusion lymphomas (PELs) secrete high levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and viral interleukin-6 (vIL-6) in vitro and VEGF, vIL-6, and basic-fibroblast growth factor (b-FGF) in mouse xenografts. KSHV-encoded glycoproteins B (gB) and K8.1 stimulate VEGF secretion, most likely mediated by direct or indirect binding to cell surface receptors, including the gB-specific αVβ3 and α3β1 integrins. In this study, the short interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated inhibition of either gB or K8.1 …

Intracellular Consequences Of Sos1 Deficiency During Salt Stress, Dong Ha Oh, Sang Yeol Lee, Ray A. Bressan, Dae Jin Yun, Hans J. Bohnert

Faculty Publications

A mutation of AtSOS1 (Salt Overly Sensitive 1), a plasma membrane Na +/H+-antiporter in Arabidopsis thaliana, leads to a salt-sensitive phenotype accompanied by the death of root cells under salt stress. Intracellular events and changes in gene expression were compared during a non-lethal salt stress between the wild type and a representative SOS1 mutant, atsos1-1, by confocal microscopy using ion-specific fluorophores and by quantitative RT-PCR. In addition to the higher accumulation of sodium ions, atsos1-1 showed inhibition of endocytosis, abnormalities in vacuolar shape and function, and changes in intracellular pH compared to the wild type in root tip cells under …

Fiduciary Administration: Rethinking Popular Representation In Agency Rulemaking, Evan J. Criddle

Faculty Publications

Do administrative agencies undermine popular sovereignty when they make federal law? Over the last several decades, some scholars have argued that rulemaking by unelected agency officials imperils popular sovereignty and that federal law should resolve the apparent tension between regulatory practice and democratic principle by allowing the President to serve as a proxy for the "will of the people" in the administrative state. According to this view, placing federal rulemaking power firmly within the President's managerial control would advance popular preferences throughout the federal system.

This conventional wisdom is misguided. As political scientists have long recognized, the electorate's relative disengagement …

Thirteen Ways Of Looking At Buck V. Bell: Thoughts Occasioned By Paul Lombardo's "Three Generations, No Imbeciles", Michelle Oberman

Faculty Publications

Paul Lombardo's recent book, Three Generations, No Imbeciles: Eugenics, the Supreme Court and Buck v. Bell, chronicles the history of state-sponsored sterilization over the course of the 20th century. As a historical endeavor, it is rich and rewarding, permitting the reader a broad understanding of the social, cultural and legal context for the case that inspired Oliver Wendell Holmes' famous quotation, "Three generations of imbeciles are enough." Lombardo's work masterfully ties the eugenics movement of the early 20th century to the broader policies informing the government's role in regulating reproduction .

Lombardo's book, which I originally picked up solely …

Coming Into Money: The Impact Of Foreign Aid On Leader Survival, Amanda A. Licht

Faculty Publications

Donors are more likely to send aid to leaders facing elevated risks of losing power, but targets' ability to benefit from this assistance is conditioned by regime type and political processes. The institutionalization of winning coalitions' loyalty across regime type follows opposite patterns, supporting opposite temporal dynamics across regime types. Democratic leaders' coalitions are firmest immediately after taking office, and aid is of most assistance to them then. As competition and dissatisfaction grows, aid becomes a political liability. In small winning coalition systems, however, coalitions become more solid over time, facilitating increasing benefits from aid. Without a firm coalition, however, …

Two-Relaxation-Time Lattice Boltzmann Method For The Anisotropic Dispersive Henry Problem, Borja Servan-Camas, Frank T.C. Tsai

Faculty Publications

This study develops a lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) with a two-relaxation-time collision operator (TRT) to cope with anisotropic heterogeneous hydraulic conductivity and anisotropic velocity-dependent hydrodynamic dispersion in the saltwater intrusion problem. The directional-speed-of-sound technique is further developed to address anisotropic hydraulic conductivity and dispersion tensors. Forcing terms are introduced in the LBM to correct numerical errors that arise during the recovery procedure and to describe the sink/source terms in the flow and transport equations. In order to facilitate the LBM implementation, the forcing terms are combined with the equilibrium distribution functions (EDFs) to create pseudo-EDFs. This study performs linear stability …

The Four R’S Of Openness And Alms Analysis: Frameworks For Open Educational Resources, John L. Hilton Iii, Aaron Johnson, Jared Stein, David Wiley

Faculty Publications

A significant movement in education concerns the use of open educational resources. By "open" it is generally meant that the resource is available at no cost to others for adaptation and reuse in different contexts. However "open" is not a simple dichotomy; rather, there is a continuum of openness. We discuss four separate aspects of reuse and demonstrate how these describe different levels of openness. We discuss how the licensing and technical aspects of open educational resources affect the relative openness of an OER. Implications for those creating open educational resources are discussed.

A Dielectric Affinity Microbiosensor, Xian Huang, Siqi Li, Jerome S. Schultz, Qian Wang, Qiao Lin

Faculty Publications

We present an affinity biosensing approach that exploits changes in dielectric properties of a polymer due to its specific, reversible binding with an analyte. The approach is demonstrated using a microsensor comprising a pair of thin-film capacitive electrodes sandwiching a solution of poly(acrylamide-ran-3-acrylamidophenylboronic acid), a synthetic polymer with specific affinity to glucose. Binding with glucose induces changes in the permittivity of the polymer, which can be measured capacitively for specific glucose detection, as confirmed by experimental results at physiologically relevant concentrations. The dielectric affinity biosensing approach holds the potential for practical applications such as long-term continuous glucose monitoring.

Functional Characterization Of The Chlamydomonas Reinhardtii Erg3 Ortholog, A Gene Involved In The Biosynthesis Of Ergosterol, Kristy M. Brumfield, James V. Moroney, Thomas S. Moore, Tiffany A. Simms, David Donze

Faculty Publications

Background: The predominant sterol in the membranes of the alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii is ergosterol, which is commonly found in the membranes of fungi, but is rarely found in higher plants. Higher plants and fungi synthesize sterols by different pathways, with plants producing cycloartenol as a precursor to end-product sterols, while nonphotosynthesizing organisms like yeast and humans produce lanosterol as a precursor. Analysis of the C. reinhardtii genome sequence reveals that this algae is also likely to synthesize sterols using a pathway resembling the higher plant pathway, indicating that its sterols are synthesized somewhat differently than in fungi. The work presented …

Bilitrienones From The Chemical Oxidation Of Dodecasubstituted Porphyrins, Owendi Ongayi, M. Graça H. Vicente, Brahma Ghosh, Frank R. Fronczek, Kevin M. Smith

Faculty Publications

The structure of the ring-opened product from direct oxidation of meso-tetra-arylporphyrins has been controversial for three decades. Herein we show that bilitrienones 2 are obtained from oxidation of metal-free dodecasubstituted porphyrins 1 in the presence of sodium nitrite, trifluoroacetic acid, and air oxygen. The presence of the para-nonyl groups in 1b stabilized the corresponding bilitrienone 2b, which was characterized by X-ray crystallography. In the absence of the para-nonyl groups bilitrienone 2a undergoes a rapid hydration reaction, giving biladienone 3a as the major isolated product. The molecular structures of 2b and 3a, and the photochemical isomerization of 3a are discussed. © …

Youtube Video Project: A" Cool" Way To Learn Communication Ethics, Carol M. Lehman, Debbie D. Dufrene, Mark W. Lehman

Faculty Publications

The millennial generation embraces new technologies as a natural way of accessing and exchanging information, staying connected, and having fun. YouTube, a video-sharing site that allows users to upload, view, and share video clips, is among the latest “cool” technologies for enjoying quick laughs, employing a wide variety of corporate activities, and also communicating relevant, engaging instructional content for today’s students. This article describes a YouTube video class project that is a natural fit with today’s students because it involves cutting-edge social media while addressing a critical component of professional development—communication ethics. This project encourages critical thinking, creativity, and applied …

Administrative Decentralization: Should Districts And Regions Elect Their Own Leaders In Ghana?, Kwame Badu Antwi-Boasiako

Faculty Publications

Decentralization, leadership accountability, and empowerment of local leaders in Ghana are the main focus of this analysis. The paper discusses the complexities of decentralization and leadership responsibilities to effect changes toward a better path to socioeconomic development. It examines the problem with the Ghana Constitution as it pertains to local government elections and advocates for a constitutional amendment to empower districts and regions to elect their own leaders so that local governments in each district can be efficient and accountable to the electorate.

Memories Cloaked In Magic: Memory And Identity In Tin Man, Anne Collins Smith

Faculty Publications

In Replications: A Robotic History of the Science Fiction Film [Urbana and Chicago: University of Illinois Press, 1995], J. P. Telotte argues that "through its long history, one that dates back to the very origins of film, this genre [science fiction] has focused its attention on the problematic nature of human being and the difficult task of being human." [1-2] The thesis of the book, he states, is "relatively simple—that the image of human artifice ... is the single most important one in the genre. [...] Through this image of artifice, our films have sought to reframe the human image …

"Haunting Experiences: Ghosts In Contemporary Folklore," By Diane E. Goldstein Et Al., Linda Levitt

Faculty Publications

Review of Diane E. Goldstein, Sylvia Ann Grider, and Jeannie Banks Thomas. Haunting experiences: Ghosts in contemporary folklore. Logan: Utah State University Press, 2007. Paperback, $24.95 (272p) ISBN 978-0-87421-636-3.

Anthropocentric Distance In National Geographic’S Environmental Aesthetic, Anne Marie Todd

Faculty Publications

Tourism is the way we understand the world: tourists travel in an increasingly mediated environment in which ubiquitous promotional material and other popular artifacts employ stunning images and romantic travel narratives to describe local environments. Tourist texts “sell” local landscapes to entice visitors, employing an environmental aesthetic that urges travel. With its mission to “explore the planet,” the National Geographic Society contributes to this tourist aesthetic. This essay examines three special issues on Africa simultaneously published by the National Geographic Society: its official journal, National Geographic, and its sister magazines, National Geographic Traveler, and National Geographic Adventure. The photographic images …