Digital Commons Network^™

Predictability Matters: Role Of The Hippocampus And Prefrontal Cortex In Disambiguation Of Overlapping Sequences, Justine E. Cohen, Robert Ross, Chantal E. Stern

Faculty Publications

Previous research has demonstrated that areas in the medial temporal lobe and prefrontal cortex (PFC) show increased activation during retrieval of overlapping sequences. In this study, we designed a task in which degree of overlap varied between conditions in order to parse out the contributions of hippocampal and prefrontal subregions as overlap between associations increased. In the task, participants learned sequential associations consisting of a picture frame, a face within the picture frame, and an outdoor scene. The control condition consisted of a single frame-face-scene sequence. In the low overlap condition, each frame was paired with two faces and two …

Effect Of Dietary Salt Intake On Epithelial Na+ Channels (Enacs) In The Hypothalamus Of Dahl Salt-Sensitive Rats, Natalie J. Mills, Kaustubh Sharma, Katie Huang, Ryoichi Teruyama

Faculty Publications

© 2018 The Authors. Physiological Reports published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of The Physiological Society and the American Physiological Society. All three epithelial Na+ channel (ENaC) subunits (α, β, and γ) and the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR), a known regulator of ENaC, are located in vasopressin (VP) synthesizing magnocellular neurons in the hypothalamic supraoptic (SON) and paraventricular (PVN) nuclei. Our previous study showed that ENaC mediates a Na+ leak current that affects the steady-state membrane potential of VP neurons. This study was conducted in Dahl salt-sensitive (Dahl-SS) rats to determine if any abnormal responses in the expression of ENaC …

Pancreatic Deletion Of The Interleukin-1 Receptor Disrupts Whole Body Glucose Homeostasis And Promotes Islet Β-Cell De-Differentiation, Susan J. Burke, Heidi M. Batdorf, David H. Burk, Thomas M. Martin, Tamra Mendoza, Krisztian Stadler, Wateen Alami, Michael D. Karlstad, Matthew J. Robson, Randy D. Blakely, Randall L. Mynatt, J. Jason Collier

Faculty Publications

© 2018 The Authors Objective: Pancreatic tissue, and islets in particular, are enriched in expression of the interleukin-1 receptor type I (IL-1R). Because of this enrichment, islet β-cells are exquisitely sensitive to the IL-1R ligands IL-1α and IL-1β, suggesting that signaling through this pathway regulates health and function of islet β-cells. Methods: Herein, we report a targeted deletion of IL-1R in pancreatic tissue (IL-1RPdx1−/−) in C57BL/6J mice and in db/db mice on the C57 genetic background. Islet morphology, β-cell transcription factor abundance, and expression of the de-differentiation marker Aldh1a3 were analyzed by immunofluorescent staining. Glucose and insulin tolerance tests were …

Ablation Of Ezh2 In Neural Crest Cells Leads To Aberrant Enteric Nervous System Development In Mice, Hana Kim, Ingeborg M. Langohr, Mohammad Faisal, Margaret Mcnulty, Caitlin Thorn, Joomyeong Kim

Faculty Publications

© 2018 Kim et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. In the current study, we examined the role of Ezh2 as an epigenetic modifier for the enteric neural crest cell development through H3K27me3. Ezh2 conditional null mice were viable up to birth, but died within the first hour of life. In addition to craniofacial defects, Ezh2 conditional null mice displayed reduced number of ganglion cells in the enteric nervous system. RT-PCR …

Oxytocin Receptor Is Regulated By Peg3, Wesley D. Frey, Kaustubh Sharma, Terri L. Cain, Katsuhiko Nishimori, Ryoichi Teruyama, Joomyeong Kim

Faculty Publications

© 2018 Frey et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Mouse Peg3 encodes a DNA-binding protein involved in the milk letdown process. In the current study, we tested whether PEG3 controls the expression of the oxytocin receptor gene. According to the results, PEG3 directly binds to a genomic region within the 3rd exon of Oxtr, which contains a DNA-binding motif for PEG3. In nursing female mice, removal of PEG3 resulted in …

Emodel-Bdb: A Database Of Comparative Structure Models Of Drug-Target Interactions From The Binding Database, Misagh Naderi, Rajiv Gandhi Govindaraj, Michal Brylinski

Faculty Publications

Background: The structural information on proteins in their ligand-bound conformational state is invaluable for protein function studies and rational drug design. Compared to the number of available sequences, not only is the repertoire of the experimentally determined structures of holo-proteins limited, these structures do not always include pharmacologically relevant compounds at their binding sites. In addition, binding affinity databases provide vast quantities of information on interactions between drug-like molecules and their targets, however, often lacking structural data. On that account, there is a need for computational methods to complement existing repositories by constructing the atomic-level models of drug-protein assemblies that …

Fixed Low-Dose Hydroxyurea For The Treatment Of Adults With Sickle Cell Anemia In Nigeria, Bamidele O. Tayo, Titilola S. Akingbola, Santosh L. Saraf, Binal N. Shah, Chinedu A. Ezekekwu, Omowunmi Sonubi, Lewis L. Hsu, Richard S. Cooper, Victor R. Gordeuk

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Effects Of Specific Language Impairment On A Contrastive Dialect Structure: The Case Of Infinitival To Across Various Nonmainstream Dialects Of English, Andrew M. Rivière, Janna B. Oetting, Joseph Roy

Faculty Publications

Purpose: Using data from children who spoke various nonmainstream dialects of English and who were classified as either children with specific language impairment (SLI) or typically developing (TD) children, we examined children’s marking of infinitival TO by their dialect and clinical status. Method: The data came from 180 kindergartners (91 speakers of African American English, 60 speakers of Southern White English, 29 speakers of +Cajun); 53 were children with SLI, and 127 were TD children. Data included 4,537 infinitival TO contexts extracted from language samples; each was coded as zero or overtly marked and by preceding verb context (i.e., verbs …

Addressing Reproducibility In Cryopreservation, And Considerations Necessary For Commercialization And Community Development In Support Of Genetic Resources Of Aquatic Species, Leticia Torres, Terrence R. Tiersch

Faculty Publications

For the past six decades a repeated cycle of developing new cryopreservation protocols or simply reinventing them to counteract a lack of reproducibility has led to hundreds of published studies that have offered little to the establishment of a genetic resources community for aquatic species. This has hampered repository development and inhibited industrial application. Most protocols were developed without standardized approaches, leading to irreproducible studies and questionable or meaningless comparisons. Thus cryopreservation of germplasm in aquatic species would greatly benefit from strategies to facilitate reproducibility. Our objectives were to: (1) identify major sources of irreproducibility across research, small-scale, repository, and …

Engagement Of Husbands In A Maternal Nutrition Program Substantially Contributed To Greater Intake Of Micronutrient Supplements And Dietary Diversity During Pregnancy: Results Of A Cluster-Randomized Program Evaluation In Bangladesh, Phuong Hong Nguyen, Edward A. Frongillo Jr., Tina Sanghvi, Gargi Wable, Zeba Mahmud, Lan Mai Tran, Bachera Aktar, Kaosar Afsana, Silvia Alayon, Marie T. Ruel, Purnima Menon

Faculty Publications

Background:

Although husbands may provide support during pregnancy, limited evidence exists on how to promote husbands' engagement and what impact it has. Alive & Thrive integrated nutrition-focused interventions, targeting both wives and husbands, through an existing Maternal, Neonatal, and Child Health (MNCH) platform in Bangladesh.

Objectives:

We evaluated 1) the impact of a nutrition-focused MNCH program, compared with the standard MNCH program, on husbands' behavioral determinants (i.e., awareness, knowledge, self-efficacy) and support to wives to adopt optimal nutrition practices and 2) how much of the previously documented impact on women's supplement intake and dietary diversity was explained by husbands' behavioral …

The Emperor’S New Clothes: The Variety Of Stakeholders In Climate Change Regulation Assuming The Mantle Of Federal And International Authority, Linda A. Malone

Faculty Publications

In June 2017, President Donald Trump announced the United States would be withdrawing from the Paris Climate Accord. President Trump believes the United States should be more focused on its economic wellbeing than on environmental concerns. Since being elected, President Trump has, with the help of the Environmental Protection Agency, been rolling back, or attempting to roll back, major climate change regulations. However, this Article points out that due to factors such as international law, the United States Constitution, and the Administrative Procedure Act, one cannotjust simply withdraw from an international agreement, such as the Paris Accord, or take back …

Influence Of Physicians’ Beliefs On Propensity To Include Religion/Spirituality In Patient Interactions, Aaron B. Franzen

Faculty Publications

This study examines physicians’ beliefs, their perceptions of whether religion impacts health outcomes, and their propensity to discuss religion/spirituality with patients. It is not uncommon for patients to want religious/spiritual conversations, but the occurrence is infrequent. This study adds to knowledge regarding which physicians include these topics. Using a nationally representative sample of physicians and a mediated bi-factor structural equation model, the author finds that “religious and spiritual” physicians connect religion and patient health more than other religious/spiritual orientations. As a result, “religious and spiritual” physicians include religion/spirituality most often (indirect path). After this variation is accounted for, “spiritual but …

Myocardial Stunning-Induced Left Ventricular Dyssynchrony On Gated Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography Myocardial Perfusion Imaging, Zhixin Jiang, Haipeng Tang, Jianzhou Shi, Yanli Zhou, Cheng Wang, Dianfu Li, Qijun Shan, Weihua Zhou

Faculty Publications

Objectives Myocardial stunning provides additional nonperfusion markers of coronary artery disease (CAD), especially for severe multivessel CAD. The purpose of this study is to assess the influence of myocardial stunning to the changes of left ventricular mechanical dyssynchrony (LVMD) parameters between stress and rest gated single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI).

Patients and methods A total of 113 consecutive patients (88 males and 25 females) who had undergone both stress and rest ^99mTc-sestamibi gated SPECT MPI were retrospectively enrolled. Suspected or known patients with CAD were included if they had exercise stress MPI and moderate to …

Satisfaction With Psychology Training In The Veterans Healthcare Administration, Heather G. Belanger, Glenn Curtiss, Jennifer J. Duchnick, Jeffrey Bates, Stacy Pommer, Stacey Pollack, T. Michael Kashner, Kenneth R. Jones

Faculty Publications

Given that VA is the largest trainer of psychologists in the United States, this study sought to understand satisfaction with VA psychology training and which elements of training best predict trainees' positive perceptions of training (e.g., willingness to choose training experience again, stated intentions to work in VA). Psychology trainees completed the Learners' Perceptions Survey (LPS) from 2005 to 2017 (N = 5,342). Satisfaction was uniformly high. Trainee satisfaction was significantly associated with level of training, facility complexity, and some patient-mix factors. Learning environment (autonomy, time with patients, etc.), clinical faculty/preceptors (teaching ability, accessibility, etc.), and personal experiences (work/life balance, …

Electrochemical Glucose Sensors Enhanced By Methyl Viologen And Vertically Aligned Carbon Nanotube Channels, Benjamin J. Brownlee, Meisam Bahari, John H. Harb, Jonathan C. Claussen, Brian D. Iverson

Faculty Publications

Free-standing, vertically aligned carbon nanotubes (VACNTs) were patterned into 16 μm diameter microchannel arrays for flow-through electrochemical glucose sensing. Non-enzymatic sensing of glucose was achieved by the chemical reaction of glucose with methyl viologen (MV) at an elevated temperature and pH (0.1 M NaOH), followed by the electrochemical reaction of reduced-MV with the VACNT surface. The MV sensor required no functionalization (including no metal) and was able to produce on average 3.4 electrons per glucose molecule. The current density of the MV sensor was linear with both flow rate and glucose concentration. Challenges with interference chemicals were mitigated by operating …

Impact Of Extended Sintering Times On Mechanical Properties In Pa-12 Parts Produced By Powderbed Fusion Processes, Garrett Craft, Justin Nussbaum, Nathan B. Crane, J. P. Harmon

Faculty Publications

Additive Manufacturing provides many advantages in reduced lead times and increased geometric freedom compared to traditional manufacturing methods, but material properties are often reduced. This paper considers powder bed fusion of polyamide 12 (PA12, Nylon 12) produced by three different processes: laser sintering (LS), multijet fusion (MJF)/high speed sintering (HSS), and large area projection sintering (LAPS). While all utilize similar PA12 materials, they are found to differ significantly in mechanical properties especially in elongation to break. The slower heating methods (MJF/HSS and LAPS) produce large elongation at break with the LAPS process showing 10x elongation and MJF/HSS exhibiting 2.5x the …

Toward A Rapid-Fabricated Triboelectric Device With A 1,3-Phosphorylated Poly(Vinyl Alcohol) Polymer For Water Turbulence Energy Harvesting, Ye Wu, Hao Fu, Laibao Zhang, Yingcheng Lin, Orhan Kizilkaya, Jian Xu

Faculty Publications

Electricity generation from coal, nuclear reaction, and shale gas has brought environmental, safety, and health concerns. The electricity industry is constantly seeking sustainable, safe, and healthy way of electricity generation. The use of triboelectric device is promising for producing electricity from water energy. In this study, we report on the rapid fabrication of a 1,3-phosphorylated poly(vinyl alcohol) gel-based triboelectric device and direct harvesting of water turbulence energy using this device. The gel was prepared by the reaction of poly(vinyl alcohol) with dipotassium phosphate. The synthesized gel was characterized by mass spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis/difference thermogravimetry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron …

Nickel Exposure Reduces Enterobactin Production In Escherichia Coli, Clorissa L. Washington-Hughes, Geoffrey T. Ford, Alsten D. Jones, Kimberly Mcrae, Franklin Wayne Outten

Faculty Publications

Escherichia coli is a well- studied bacterium that can be found in many niches, such as industrial wastewater, where the concentration of nickel can rise to low- millimolar levels. Recent studies show that nickel exposure can repress pyochelin or induce pyo-verdine siderophore production in Pseudomonas aueroginosa. Understanding the mo-lecular cross- talk between siderophore production, metal homeostasis, and metal toxicity in microorganisms is critical for designing bioremediation strategies for metal- contaminated sites. Here, we show that high- nickel exposure prolongs lag phase duration as a result of low- intracellular iron levels in E. coli. Although E. coli cells respond to low- …

Nickel Exposure Reduces Enterobactin Production In Escherichia Coli, Clorissa L. Washington – Hughes, Geoffrey T. Ford, Alsten D. Jones, Kimberly Mcrae, Franklin W. Outten

Faculty Publications

Escherichia coli is a well- studied bacterium that can be found in many niches, such as industrial wastewater, where the concentration of nickel can rise to low- millimolar levels. Recent studies show that nickel exposure can repress pyochelin or induce pyo-verdine siderophore production in Pseudomonas aueroginosa. Understanding the mo-lecular cross- talk between siderophore production, metal homeostasis, and metal toxicity in microorganisms is critical for designing bioremediation strategies for metal- contaminated sites. Here, we show that high- nickel exposure prolongs lag phase duration as a result of low- intracellular iron levels in E. coli. Although E. coli cells respond to low- …

Design, Development And Construct Validation Of The Children’S Dietary Inflammatory Index, Samira Khan, Micheal D. Wirth, Andrew Ortaglia, Christian R. Alvarado, Nitin Shivappa, Thomas Hurley, James R. Hébert

Faculty Publications

Objective: To design and validate a literature-derived, population-based Children’s Dietary Inflammatory Index (C-DII)TM. Design: The C-DII was developed based on a review of literature through 2010. Dietary data obtained from children in 16 different countries were used to create a reference database for computing C-DII scores based on consumption of macronutrients, vitamins, minerals, and whole foods. Construct validation was performed using quantile regression to assess the association between C-reactive protein (CRP) concentrations and C-DII scores. Data Sources: All data used for construct validation were obtained from children between six and 14 years of age (n = 3300) who participated in …

Design, Development And Construct Validation Of The Children’S, Samira Khan, Michael D. Wirth, Andrew Ortaglia, Christian R. Alvarado, Nitin Shivappa, Thomas Hurley, James R. Hébert

Faculty Publications

Objective: To design and validate a literature-derived, population-based Children’s Dietary Inflammatory Index (C-DII)^TM. Design: The C-DII was developed based on a review of literature through 2010. Dietary data obtained from children in 16 different countries were used to create a reference database for computing C-DII scores based on consumption of macronutrients, vitamins, minerals, and whole foods. Construct validation was performed using quantile regression to assess the association between C-reactive protein (CRP) concentrations and C-DII scores. Data Sources: All data used for construct validation were obtained from children between six and 14 years of age (n = 3300) who …

Sources And Secondary Production Of Organic Aerosols In The Northeastern United States During Winter, J. C. Schroder, P. Campuzano-Jost, D. A. Day, V. Shah, K. Larson, J. M. Sommers, A. P. Sullivan, T. Campos, J. M. Reeves, A. Hills, R. S. Hornbrook, N. J. Blake, Eric M. Scheuer, H. Guo, D. L. Fibiger, E. E. Mcduffie, P. L. Hayes, R. J. Weber, Jack E. Dibb, E. C. Apel, L. Jaegle, S. S. Brown, J. A. Thornton, J. L. Jimenez

Faculty Publications

Most intensive field studies investigating aerosols have been conducted in summer, and thus, wintertime aerosol sources and chemistry are comparatively poorly understood. An aerosol mass spectrometer was flown on the National Science Foundation/National Center for Atmospheric Research C‐130 during the Wintertime INvestigation of Transport, Emissions, and Reactivity (WINTER) 2015 campaign in the northeast United States. The fraction of boundary layer submicron aerosol that was organic aerosol (OA) was about a factor of 2 smaller than during a 2011 summertime study in a similar region. However, the OA measured in WINTER was almost as oxidized as OA measured in several other …

Heterogeneous N2o5 Uptake During Winter: Aircraft Measurements During The 2015 Winter Campaign And Critical Evaluation Of Current Parameterizations, Erin E. Mcduffie, Dorothy L. Fibiger, William P. Dube, Felipe Lopez-Hilfiker, Ben H. Lee, Joel A. Thornton, Viral Shah, Lyatt Jaegle, Hongyu Guo, Rodney J. Weber, J. Michael Reeves, Andrew J. Weinheimer, Jason C. Schroder, Pedro Campuzano-Jost, Jose L. Jimenez, Jack E. Dibb, Patrick Veres, Carly Ebben, Tamara L. Sparks, Paul J. Wooldridge, Ronald C. Cohen, Rebecca S. Hornbrook, Eric C. Apel, Teresa Campos

Faculty Publications

Nocturnal dinitrogen pentoxide (N2O5) heterogeneous chemistry impacts regional air quality and the distribution and lifetime of tropospheric oxidants. Formed from the oxidation of nitrogen oxides, N2O5 is heterogeneously lost to aerosol with a highly variable reaction probability, γ(N2O5), dependent on aerosol composition and ambient conditions. Reaction products include soluble nitrate (HNO3 or NO3−) and nitryl chloride (ClNO2). We report the first‐ever derivations of γ(N2O5) from ambient wintertime aircraft measurements in the critically important nocturnal residual boundary layer. Box modeling of the 2015 Wintertime INvestigation of Transport, Emissions, and Reactivity (WINTER) campaign over the eastern United States derived 2,876 individual γ(N2O5) …

Hiv-1 Integrase-Targeted Short Peptides Derived From A Viral Protein R Sequence, Xue Zhi Zhao, Mathieu Métifiot, Evgeny Kiselev, Jacques Kessl, Kasthuraiah Maddali, Christophe Marchand, Mamuka Kvaratskhelia, Yves Pommier, Terrence R. Burke Jr.

Faculty Publications

HIV-1 integrase (IN) inhibitors represent a new class of highly effective anti-AIDS therapeutics. Current FDA-approved IN strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs) share a common mechanism of action that involves chelation of catalytic divalent metal ions. However, the emergence of IN mutants having reduced sensitivity to these inhibitors underlies efforts to derive agents that antagonize IN function by alternate mechanisms. Integrase along with the 96-residue multifunctional accessory protein, viral protein R (Vpr), are both components of the HIV-1 pre-integration complex (PIC). Coordinated interactions within the PIC are important for viral replication. Herein, we report a 7-mer peptide based on the shortened Vpr …

Erepo-Orp: Exploring The Opportunity Space To Combat Orphan Diseases With Existing Drugs, Michal Brylinski, Misagh Naderi, Rajiv Gandhi Govindaraj, Jeffrey Lemoine

Faculty Publications

© 2017 About 7000 rare, or orphan, diseases affect more than 350 million people worldwide. Although these conditions collectively pose significant health care problems, drug companies seldom develop drugs for orphan diseases due to extremely limited individual markets. Consequently, developing new treatments for often life-threatening orphan diseases is primarily contingent on financial incentives from governments, special research grants, and private philanthropy. Computer-aided drug repositioning is a cheaper and faster alternative to traditional drug discovery offering a promising venue for orphan drug research. Here, we present eRepo-ORP, a comprehensive resource constructed by a large-scale repositioning of existing drugs to orphan diseases …

L-Citrulline Supplementation: Impact On Cardiometabolic Health, Timothy D. Allerton, David N. Proctor, Jacqueline M. Stephens, Tammy R. Dugas, Guillaume Spielmann, Brian A. Irving

Faculty Publications

© 2018 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. Diminished bioavailability of nitric oxide (NO), the gaseous signaling molecule involved in the regulation of numerous vital biological functions, contributes to the development and progression of multiple age-and lifestyle-related diseases. While L-arginine is the precursor for the synthesis of NO by endothelial-nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), oral L-arginine supplementation is largely ineffective at increasing NO synthesis and/or bioavailability for a variety of reasons. L-citrulline, found in high concentrations in watermelon, is a neutral alpha-amino acid formed by enzymes in the mitochondria that also serves as a substrate for recycling L-arginine. Unlike L-arginine, …

Rates Of Cavity Filling By Liquids, Dongjin Seo, Alex M. Schrader, Szu-Ying Chen, Yair Kaufman, Thomas R. Cristiani, Steven H. Page, Peter H. Koenig, Yonas Gizaw, Dong Woog Lee, Jacob N. Israelachvili

Faculty Publications

Understanding the fundamental wetting behavior of liquids on surfaces with pores or cavities provides insights into the wetting phenomena associated with rough or patterned surfaces, such as skin and fabrics, as well as the development of everyday products such as ointments and paints, and industrial applications such as enhanced oil recovery and pitting during chemical mechanical polishing. We have studied, both experimentally and theoretically, the dynamics of the transitions from the unfilled/partially filled (Cassie–Baxter) wetting state to the fully filled (Wenzel) wetting state on intrinsically hydrophilic surfaces (intrinsic water contact angle < 90°, where the Wenzel state is always the thermodynamically favorable state, while a temporary metastable Cassie–Baxter state can also exist) to determine the variables that control the rates of such transitions. We prepared silicon wafers with cylindrical cavities of different geometries and immersed them in bulk water. With bright-field and confocal fluorescence microscopy, we observed the details of, and the rates associated with, water penetration into the cavities from the bulk. We find that unconnected, reentrant cavities (i.e., cavities that open up below the surface) have the slowest cavity-filling rates, while connected or non-reentrant cavities undergo very rapid transitions. Using these unconnected, reentrant cavities, we identified the variables that affect cavity-filling rates: (i) the intrinsic contact angle, (ii) …

Smokers' Neurological Responses To Novel And Repeated Health Warning Labels (Hwls) From Cigarette Packages, Johann F. Fridriksson, Chris Rorden, Roger D. Newman-Norlund, Brett Froeliger, Jim Thrasher

Faculty Publications

Graphic health warning labels (HWLs) depicting bodily injury due to smoking are effective for producing changes in affect, cognition and smoking behavior in adult smokers. However, little is known about the effects of repeated presentation of graphic HWL’s on the aforementioned processes. The goal of this study was to examine neural and behavioral responses to graphic HWL’s and evaluate whether the repeated presentation of graphic HWL’s leads to repetition suppression (RS). Smokers (N = 16) performed an event-related HWL cue task while blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) signal was collected during a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) experimental session. Consistent …

Struggles Experienced By Religious Minority Families In The United States, Loren D. Marks, David C. Dollahite, Kaity Pearl Young

Faculty Publications

More than a thousand empirical studies report positive correlations between religious involvement and various aspects oof psychological, relational, or physical health. Even so, there are also substantial costs, challenges, and negative aspects of religious involvement that warrant scholarly attention, including religion-related oppression and discrimination. The objective of this study was to provide an in-depth exploration and qualitative analysis of religion-related struggles experienced by religious minorities. A national sample of 198 diverse, religious families (N = 476 participants) were interviewed. Of the 198 families, 131 (66%) were from religious minority communities (i.e., Jewish, Muslim, or Christian minority faiths) and serve …

Future Research Directions In Pneumonia, Charles S. Dela Cruz, Richard G. Wunderink, David C. Christiani, Stephania A. Cormier, Kristina Crothers, Claire M. Doerschuk, Scott E. Evans, Daniel R. Goldstein, Purvesh Khatri, Lester Kobzik, Jay K. Kolls, Bruce D. Levy, Mark L. Metersky, Michael S. Niederman, Roomi Nusrat, Carlos J. Orihuela, Paula Peyrani, Alice S. Prince, Julio A. Ramírez, Karen M. Ridge, Sanjay Sethi, Benjamin T. Suratt, Jacob I. Sznajder, Ephraim L. Tsalik, Allan J. Walkey, Sachin Yende, Neil R. Aggarwal, Elisabet V. Caler, Joseph P. Mizgerd

Faculty Publications

Copyright © 2018 by the American Thoracic Society. Pneumonia is a complex pulmonary disease in need of new clinical approaches. Although triggered by a pathogen, pneumonia often results from dysregulations of host defense that likely precede infection. The coordinated activities of immune resistance and tissue resilience then dictate whether and how pneumonia progresses or resolves. Inadequate or inappropriate host responses lead to more severe outcomes such as acute respiratory distress syndrome and to organ dysfunction beyond the lungs and over extended time frames after pathogen clearance, some of which increase the risk for subsequent pneumonia. Improved understanding of such host …