Digital Commons Network^™

Reflecting Latino Culture In Our Classrooms: A Quick Start For Teachers., Christine Canning, Mary Salazar-Guenther, Julio Polanco-Noboa

Faculty Publications

This paper describes how the University of Northern Iowa's San Antonio Regional Student Teaching Program developed a course to provide cultural information on Hispanic Americans for its predominantly white student teachers. The course was delivered over 2 semesters; with students doing most work in five 2-hour meetings on campus. During the student teaching semester; they implemented the ideas and activities that they had created during the course. The paper presents the course syllabus; which offers a background on Hispanics and five sessions that emphasize how to reach Hispanic students; Mexican and Mexican American culture (holidays; food; art; and music); literature …

The Polar Expression Of Enso And Sea-Ice Variability As Recorded In A South Pole Ice Core, Eric A. Meyerson, Paul A. Mayewski, Karl J. Kreutz, L. David Meeker, Sallie I. Whitlow, Mark S. Twickler

Faculty Publications

An annually dated ice core recovered from South Pole (2850 m a.s.l.) in 1995, that covers the period 1487–1992, was analyzed for the marine biogenic sulfur species methanesulfonate (MS). Empirical orthogonal function analysis is used to calibrate the high-resolution MS series with associated environmental series for the period of overlap (1973–92). Utilizing this calibration we present a ~500 year long proxy record of the polar expression of the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and southeastern Pacific sea-ice extent variations. These records reveal short-term periods of increased (1800–50, 1900–40) and decreased sea-ice extent (1550–1610, 1660–1710, 1760–1800). In general, increased (decreased) sea-ice extent …

Do Tax-Deferred Exchanges Impact Purchase Price? Evidence From The Phoenix Apartment Market, Andrew Holmes, Barrett A. Slade

Faculty Publications

Many authors have commented on the compliance risk associated with taxdeferred exchanges. However, no published studies explicitly address whether the risks associated with the exchange process impact the price at which exchanged assets trade. Using a unique data set that documents transactions for nondirect exchanges, this study examines the price impact of tax-deferred exchanges on apartment transactions in the Phoenix, Arizona, market. Consistent with the price pressure hypothesis originally developed by Scholes (1972) and Kraus and Stoll (1972) and the tax capitalization hypothesis proposed by Oates (1969), the data show that exchange participants pay an economically significant premium to acquire …

Corporate And Products Identity In The Post-National Economy: Rethinking U.S. Trade Laws, Lan Cao

Faculty Publications

In the global economy, a General Motors automobile may involve South Korean assembly; Japanese engines; German design and style engineering; Taiwanese, Singaporean, and Japanese small components; British advertising and marketing; and Irish and Barbadian data processing. What is the country of origin of this product? How should U.S. trade laws evaluate a product's origin, if it is a global composite with research, assembly, processing, and manufacturing performed in different countries? Similarly, corporations have become increasingly global in orientation and operations. Even "national" corporations have lost their territorial ties to the state of their nationality. Through a phenomenon termed "global outsourcing" …

The Many Uses Of Digitized Oral History Collections: Implications For Design, Dagobert Soergel, Douglas W. Oard, Samuel Gustman, Lydia Fraser, Jinmook Kim, Joan Meyer, Elizabeth Proffen, Theresa Sartori

Faculty Publications

Oral history - and spoken word collections generally - are assuming increasing importance in digital libraries as the storage, transmission and reproduction infrastructure improves. This paper describes three synergistic approaches to user needs analysis, explains how they are being applied to guide the design of systems to provide access oral history collections (using a s test bed the Shoah Foundations collection of over 50,000 videotaped oral history interviews), presents preliminary results from so -called “discount requirements analysis” and an analysis of “early access” requests, and draws some design implications. The results show a wide variety of users and uses of …

Testimony, Landscape And The West: A Conversation With Stephen Trimble, David Thomas Sumner

Faculty Publications

This interview with Stephen Trimble is part of a series of conversations with contemporary western writers about the ethical and cultural implications of nature writing.

A Tale Of Three Statutes . . . (And One Industry): A Case Study On The Competitive Effects Of Regulation, Rafael Gely

Faculty Publications

The comparison of the three labor regulatory regimes raises an interesting counterexample to the traditional model of regulation. Instead of adopting a one-size-fits-all model, could a regulatory model be conceptualized where a menu of regulatory options is made available to the target population? Under such an approach those affected by the regulatory regime will choose among the various regulatory options and adopt those that better fit their particular situations. Part IV.B develops the basic parameters of this proposal. The article ends with a brief conclusion.

In One Place, But Not Another: When The Law Encourages Breastfeeding In Public While Simultaneously Discouraging It At Work, Emily Suski

Faculty Publications

In this Essay, the author takes a novel approach to the topic of breastfeeding and work by exploring the trend among states to exempt breastfeeding from criminal indecent exposure laws and comparing this trend to the support, or lack thereof, in laws and policy for breastfeeding at work. The author's comparison reveals that while there is a trend to support breastfeeding in public, there is no such trend in the law to support breastfeeding in the relatively more private work environment.

The author argues that this disparity is both counterintuitive and serves to limit women's choices regarding breastfeeding and work. …

Validation Of Land Surface Models Using Satellite-Derived Surface Temperature, Joshua Rhoads, Ralph Dubayah, Dennis Lettenmaier, Greg O'Donnell, Venkataraman Lakshmi

Faculty Publications

This research examines the feasibility of using remotely sensed surface temperature for validation and updating of land surface hydrologic models. Surface temperature simulated by the Variable Infiltration Capacity (VIC) hydrologie model is compared over the Arkansas-Red River basin with surface temperature retrievals from TOVS and GOES. The results show that modeled and satellite-derived surface temperatures agree well when aggregated in space or time. In particular, monthly mean temperatures agree on the pixel scale, and basin mean temperatures agree instantaneously. At the pixel scale, however, surface temperatures from both satellites were found to have higher spatial and temporal variabilities than the …

The Power Of Apology And The Process Of Historical Reconciliation, Robert R. Weyeneth

Faculty Publications

The article analyzes one of the ways that history makes the headlines today: in discussions of whether the present can--and should--apologize for the past. It examines this recent phenomenon by asking if historical apologies have the ability to facilitate a process of historical reconciliation. In its first three sections, the article explores the range and forms of apologies reported in the press during the last decade or so, the motives and goals of apologists, and the reasoning of those with misgivings about the utility and wisdom of apologies. A fourth section assesses the efficacy of historical apologies. Is an apology …

Comparative Phylogeography Of Mesoamerican Highland Rodents: Concerted Versus Independent Response To Past Climatic Fluctuations, Duke S. Rogers, Jack Sullivan, Elizabeth Arellano

Faculty Publications

The phylogeography of Sumichrast's harvest mouse (Reithrodontomys sumichrasti) was examined through maximumlikelihood and parsimony analyses of 1,130 bp of mitochondrial Cytochrome b sequence data from 43 individuals. The phylogeography of this Middle American highland forest-dwelling species was compared to that previously published for the codistributed Aztec deer mouse complex (Peromyscus aztecus/Peromyscus hylocetes complex) in order to test competing hypotheses of concerted versus independent responses of codistributed forms to past climatic fluctuations. Qualitatively, there were strong similarities in the phylogeographic patterns of the two groups, yet there were also areas of incongruence. Likelihood-ratio tests (Kishino-Hasegawa-Templeton and parametric bootstrap tests) indicated that …

Alu Insertion Polymorphisms And The Genetic Structure Of Human Populations From The Caucasus, Ivane Nasidze, Gregory M. Risch, Myles Robichaux, Stephen T. Sherry, Mark A. Batzer, Mark Stoneking

Faculty Publications

An analysis of 8 Alu insertion loci (ACE, TPA25, PV92, APO, FXIIIB, D1, A25, B65) has been carried out in six populations from the Caucasus, including Indo-European-speaking Armenians; Altaic-speaking Azerbaijanians; North Caucasian-speaking Cherkessians, Darginians, and Ingushians; and South Caucasian (Kartvelian)-speaking Georgians. The Caucasus populations exhibit low levels of within-population variation and high levels of between-population differentiation, with the average Fst value for the Caucasus of 0.113, which is almost as large as the Fst value of 0.157 for worldwide populations. Maximum likelihood tree and principal coordinate analyses both group the Caucasus populations with European populations. Neither geographic nor linguistic relationships …

Assessment Of Contemporary Arctic River Runoff Based On Observational Discharge Records, Richard B. Lammers, Alexander I. Shiklomanov, Charles J. Vorosmarty, Balazs M. Fekete, Bruce J. Peterson

Faculty Publications

We describe the contemporary hydrography of the pan‐Arctic land area draining into the Arctic Ocean, northern Bering Sea, and Hudson Bay on the basis of observational records of river discharge and computed runoff. The Regional Arctic Hydrographic Network data set, R‐ArcticNET, is presented, which is based on 3754 recording stations drawn from Russian, Canadian, European, and U.S. archives. R‐ArcticNET represents the single largest data compendium of observed discharge in the Arctic. Approximately 73% of the nonglaciated area of the pan‐Arctic is monitored by at least one river discharge gage giving a mean gage density of 168 gages per 106 km2. …

The African American Soldier At Fort Huachuca, Arizona, 1892-1946, Steven D. Smith

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

A Roundtable Discussion With Lawrence Lessig, David G. Post & Jeffrey Rosen, Thomas E. Baker

Faculty Publications

This article is a transcript of a discussion between Lawrence Lessig, David G. Post and Jeffrey Rosen on a variety of issues surrounding law, technology and the Internet. The moderator was Thomas E. Baker and the discussion was part of a Drake University Law School symposium in February of 2001.

Physical Geography And Climate: Overview, Andrew Sluyter, Tereza Cavazos

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Colonialism And Landscape In The Americas: Material/Conceptual Transformations And Continuing Consequences, Andrew Sluyter

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Imperfect Balance: Landscape Transformations In The Precolumbian Americas, Andrew Sluyter

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Ganadería Española Y Cambio Ambiental En Las Tierras Bajas Tropicales De Veracruz, México, Siglo Xvi, Andrew Sluyter

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Patterns Of Ancestral Human Diversity: An Analysis Of Alu-Insertion And Restriction-Site Polymorphisms, W. S. Watkins, C. E. Ricker, M. J. Bamshad, M. L. Carroll, S. V. Nguyen, M. A. Batzer, H. C. Harpending, A. R. Rogers, L. B. Jorde

Faculty Publications

We have analyzed 35 widely distributed, polymorphic Alu loci in 715 individuals from 31 world populations. The average frequency of Alu insertions (the derived state) is lowest in Africa (.42) but is higher and similar in India (.55), Europe (.56), and Asia (.57). A comparison with 30 restriction-site polymorphisms (RSPs) for which the ancestral state has been determined shows that the frequency of derived RSP alleles is also lower in Africa (.35) than it is in Asia (.45) and in Europe (.46). Neighbor-joining networks based on Alu insertions or RSPs are rooted in Africa and show African populations as separate …

Phylogeny Of The Celastraceae Inferred From Phytochrome B Gene Sequence And Morphology, Mark P. Simmons, Curtis C. Clevinger, Vincent Savolainen, Robert H. Archer, Sarah Mathews, Jeff J. Doyle

Faculty Publications

Phylogenetic relationships within Celastraceae were inferred using a simultaneous analysis of 61 morphological characters and 1123 base pairs of phytochrome B exon 1 from the nuclear genome. No gaps were interred, and the gene tree topology suggests that the primers were specific to a single locus that did not duplicate among the lineages sampled. This region of phytochrome B was most useful for examining relationships among closely related genera. Fifty-one species from 38 genera of Celastraceae were sampled. The Celastraceae sensu lato (including Hippocrateaceae) were resolved as a monophyletic group. Loesener's subfamilies and tribes of Celastraceae were not supported. The …

The Fcc's Third Report On Broadband Deployment: Inequitable, Untimely And Unreasonable, Allen S. Hammond Iv

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Race And Races: Constructing A New Legal Actor, Margalynne J. Armstrong

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

The Power Of Suggestion: Inertia In 401k Participation And Savings Behavior, Brigitte C. Madrian, Dennis F. Shea

Faculty Publications

In this paper, we analyze the 401(k) savings behavior of employees in a large U.S. corporation before and after an interesting change in the company 401(k) plan. Before the plan change, employees were required to affirmatively elect participation in the 401(k) plan. After the plan change, employees were automatically and immediately enrolled in the 401(k) plan unless they made a negative election to opt out of the plan. Although none of the economic features of the plan changed, this switch to automatic enrollment dramatically changed the savings behavior of employees. We have two key findings. First, 401(k) participation is significantly …

The Future Of Educational Diversity: Old Decrees, New Challenges, John Charles Boger, Elizabeth Jean Bower

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Trends And Disparities In Coronary Heart Disease, Stroke, And Other Cardiovascular Diseases In The United States: Findings Of The National Conference On Cardiovascular Disease Prevention, Richard Cooper, Jeffrey Cutler, Patrice Desvigne-Nickens, Stephen P. Fortmann, Lawrence Friedman, Richard Havlik, Gary Hogelin, John Marler, Paul Mcgovern, Gregory Morosco, Lori Mosca, Thomas Pearson, Jeremiah Stamler, Daniel Stryer, Thomas Thom

Faculty Publications

A workshop was held September 27 through 29, 1999, to address issues relating to national trends in mortality and morbidity from cardiovascular diseases; the apparent slowing of declines in mortality from cardiovascular diseases; levels and trends in risk factors for cardiovascular diseases; disparities in cardiovascular diseases by race/ethnicity, socioeconomic status, and geography; trends in cardiovascular disease preventive and treatment services; and strategies for efforts to reduce cardiovascular diseases overall and to reduce disparities among subpopulations. The conference concluded that coronary heart disease mortality is still declining in the United States as a whole, although perhaps at a slower rate than …

The Anointing Of Aaron: A Study Of Leviticus 8:12 In Its Ot And Ane Context, Gerald Klingbeil

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

The Effect Of Spatial And Temporal Accumulation Rate Variability In West Antarctica On Soluble Ion Deposition, Karl J. Kreutz, Paul A. Mayewski, L. David Meeker, Mark S. Twickler, Sallie I. Whitlow

Faculty Publications

Annually‐dated snowpit and ice core records from two areas of West Antarctica are used to investigate spatial accumulation patterns and to evaluate temporal accumulation rate/glaciochemical concentration and flux relationships. Mean accumulation rate gradients in Marie Byrd Land (11–23 gcm−2yr−1 over 150 km, decreasing to the south) and Siple Dome (10–18 gcm−2yr−1 over 60 km, decreasing to the south) are consistent for at least the last several decades, and demonstrate the influence of the offshore quasi‐permanent Amundsen Sea low pressure system on moisture flux into the region. Local and regional‐scale topography in both regions appears to affect orographic lifting, air mass …

A Library ‘Teens’Cape’ Against The New Callousness, Anthony Bernier

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Neural Networks Versus Nonparametric Neighbor-Based Classifiers For Semisupervised Classification Of Landsat Thematic Mapper Imagery, Perry J. Hardin

Faculty Publications

Semisupervised classification is one approach to converting multiband optical and infrared imagery into landcover maps. First, a sample of image pixels is extracted and clustered into several classes. The analyst next combines the clusters by hand to create a smaller set of groups that correspond to a useful landcover classification. The remaining image pixels are then assigned to one of the aggregated cluster groups by use of a per-pixel classifier. Since the cluster aggregation process frequently creates groups with multivariate shapes ill suited for parametric classifiers, there has been renewed interest in nonparametric methods for the task. This research reports …