Digital Commons Network^™

Fetal Baboon Sex-Specific Outcomes In Adipocyte Differentiation At 0.9 Gestation In Response To Moderate Maternal Nutrient Reduction, Y. D. Tchoukalova, R. Krishnapuram, U. A. White, D. Burk, X. Fang, M. J. Nijland, P. W. Nathanielsz

Faculty Publications

Objective:To investigate in vitro adipocyte differentiation in baboon fetuses in response to reduced maternal nutrition.Design:Cross-sectional comparison of adipocyte differentiation in normally grown fetuses and fetuses of pregnant baboons fed 70% of the control global diet from 30 days of pregnancy to term.Subjects:The subjects comprised control (CTR) fetuses (five female and five male) of mothers fed ad libitum and fetuses of mothers fed 70% of the global diet consumed by CTR (maternal nutrient reduction (MNR), five female and five male fetuses). The expression of genes/proteins involved in adipogenesis (PPARγ, FABP4 and adiponectin) and brown adipose tissue development (UCP1, TBX15 and COXIV) …

Contributions Of Adipose Tissue Architectural And Tensile Properties Toward Defining Healthy And Unhealthy Obesity, Denise E. Lackey, David H. Burk, Mohamed R. Ali, Rouzbeh Mostaedi, William H. Smith, Jiyoung Park, Philipp E. Scherer, Shundra A. Seay, Colin S. Mccoin, Paolo Bonaldo, Sean H. Adams

Faculty Publications

The extracellular matrix (ECM) plays an important role in the maintenance of white adipose tissue (WAT) architecture and function, and proper ECM remodeling is critical to support WAT malleability to accomodate changes in energy storage needs. Obesity and adipocyte hypertrophy place a strain on the ECM remodeling machinery, which may promote disordered ECM and altered tissue integrity and could promote proinflammatory and cell stress signals. To explore these questions, new methods were developed to quantify omental and subcutaneous WAT tensile strength and WAT collagen content by three-dimensional confocal imaging, using collagen VI knockout mice as a methods validation tool. These …

Modulation Of Leukocyte Infiltration And Phenotype In Microporous Tissue Engineering Scaffolds Via Vector Induced Il-10 Expression, R. Michael Gower, Ryan M. Boehler, Samira M. Azarin, Christine F. Ricci, Joshua N. Leonard, Lonnie D. Shea

Faculty Publications

Biomaterial scaffolds are central to many tissue engineering strategies as they create a space for tissue growth and provide a support for cell adhesion and migration. However, biomaterial implantation results in unavoidable injury resulting in an inflammatory response, which can impair integration with the host and tissue regeneration. Toward the goal of reducing inflammation, we investigated the hypothesis that a lentiviral gene therapy-based approach to localized and sustained IL-10 expression at a scaffold could modulate the number, relative proportions, and cytokine production of infiltrating leukocyte populations. Flow cytometry was used to quantify infiltration of six leukocyte populations for 21 days …

Quantitative Genetics Of Response To Novelty And Other Stimuli By Infant Rhesus Macaques (Macaca Mulatta) Across Three Behavioral Assessments, G. L. Fawcett, A. M. Dettmer, D. Kay, M. Raveendran, James Dee Higley, N. D. Ryan, J. L. Cameron, J. Rogers

Faculty Publications

Primate behavior is influenced by both heritable factors and environmental experience during development. Previous studies of rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) examined the effects of genetic variation on expressed behavior and related neurobiological traits (heritability and/or genetic association) using a variety of study designs. Most of these prior studies examined genetic effects on the behavior of adults or adolescent rhesus macaques, not in young macaques early in development. To assess environmental and additive genetic variation in behavioral reactivity and response to novelty among infants, we investigated a range of behavioral traits in a large number (N = 428) of pedigreed infants …

Strict Products Liability At 50: Four Histories, Kyle Graham

Faculty Publications

This article offers four different perspectives on the strict products-liability "revolution" that climaxed a half-century ago. One of these narratives relates the prevailing assessment of how this innovation coalesced and spread across the states. The three alternative histories introduced by this article both challenge and complement the standard account by viewing the shift toward strict products liability through "populist," "practical," and "contingent" lenses, respectively. The first of these narratives considers the contributions that plaintiffs and their counsel made toward this change in the law. The second focuses upon how certain types of once-common products cases forged a practical argument for …

Binding Of Hsv-1 Glycoprotein K (Gk) To Signal Peptide Peptidase (Spp) Is Required For Virus Infectivity, Sariah J. Allen, Kevin R. Mott, Yoshiharu Matsuura, Kohji Moriishi, Konstantin G. Kousoulas, Homayon Ghiasi

Faculty Publications

Glycoprotein K (gK) is a virion envelope protein of herpes simplex virus types 1 (HSV-1) and 2 (HSV-2), which plays important roles in virion entry, morphogenesis and egress. Two-hybrid and pull-down assays were utilized to demonstrate that gK and no other HSV-1 genes specifically binds to signal peptide peptidase (SPP), also known as minor histocompatibility antigen H13. SPP dominant negative mutants, shRNA against SPP significantly reduced HSV-1 replication in vitro. SPP also affected lysosomes and ER responses to HSV-1 infection. Thus, in this study we have shown for the first time that gK, despite its role in fusion and egress, …

Erratum: Peg3 Mutational Effects On Reproduction And Placenta-Specific Gene Families (Plos One (2014) 9:1 Doi: 10.1371/Annotation/8de03ec5-E62c-4135-87ee- 4928475090a8), Joomyeong Kim, Wesley D. Frey, Hongzhi He, Hana Kim, Muhammad B. Ekram, Arundhati Bakshi, Mohammad Faisal, Bambarendage P.U. Perera, An Ye, Ryoichi Teruyama

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Aphid Amino Acid Transporter Regulates Glutamine Supply To Intracellular Bacterial Symbionts, Daniel R.G. Price, Honglin Feng, James D. Baker, Selvan Bavan, Charles W. Luetje, Alex C.C. Wilson

Faculty Publications

Endosymbiotic associations have played a major role in evolution. However, the molecular basis for the biochemical interdependence of these associations remains poorly understood. The aphid-Buchnera endosymbiosis provides a powerful system to elucidate how these symbioses are regulated. In aphids, the supply of essential amino acids depends on an ancient nutritional symbiotic association with the gamma-proteobacterium Buchnera aphidicola. Buchnera cells are densely packed in specialized aphid bacteriocyte cells. Here we confirm that five putative amino acid transporters are highly expressed and/or highly enriched in Acyrthosiphon pisum bacteriocyte tissues. When expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes, two bacteriocyte amino acid transporters displayed significant …

Species Coexistence And The Dynamics Of Phenotypic Evolution In Adaptive Radiation, Joseph A. Tobias, Charlie K. Cornwallis, Elizabeth P. Derryberry, Santiago Claramunt, Robb T. Brumfield, Nathalie Seddon

Faculty Publications

Interactions between species can promote evolutionary divergence of ecological traits and social signals, a process widely assumed to generate species differences in adaptive radiation. However, an alternative view is that lineages typically interact when relatively old, by which time selection for divergence is weak and potentially exceeded by convergent selection acting on traits mediating interspecific competition. Few studies have tested these contrasting predictions across large radiations, or by controlling for evolutionary time. Thus the role of species interactions in driving broad-scale patterns of trait divergence is unclear. Here we use phylogenetic estimates of divergence times to show that increased trait …

Money, Religion, And Tyranny: God And The Demonic In Luther's Antifragile Theology, Guillermo C. Hansen

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Using Infrared-Triggered Cameras To Monitor Activity Of Forest Carnivores, Matthew E. Symmank, Christopher E. Comer, James C. Kroll

Faculty Publications

The activity patterns of 4 forest predator species were monitored, using infrared-triggered cameras, within a 1318-ha study area in East Texas. We recorded 161 photographic capture events in 1925 trap-nights over 17 weeks. Photographic capture events included 18 Lynx rufus (Bobcat), 109 Procyon lotor (Raccoon), 21 Didelphis virginiana (Virginia Opossum), and 13 Canis latrans (Coyote). We developed an easily replicated method of measuring time on a percent scale to compare activity data over several months, accounting for changes in sunrise and sunset times. Bobcat activity was 38.9% crepuscular and 22.1% diurnal. The activity of the other 3 species was mostly …

New Host And Location Record For The Bat Bug Cimex Adjunctus Barber 1939, With A Summary Of Previous Records, M. E. Grilliot, J. L. Hunt, C. G. Sims, Chris E. Comer

Faculty Publications

In June 2009, 14 Rafinesque’s big-eared bats (Corynorhinus rafinesquii) were collected from an abandoned house near Shepherd, San Jacinto County, Texas. Three individuals harbored bat bugs which were subsequently identified as Cimex adjunctus Barber 1939. This is the first record of this species from C. rafinesquii. In August 2013, 10 C. rafinesquii were collected from a maternity colony in Drew County in southeastern Arkansas. Four of the bats harbored bat bugs, which were identified as C. adjunctus. This is the first record of this bat bug from Arkansas. A summary of previous state and host records of the insect is …

University-Based Forestry Research And "The Little Red Hen", Steven H. Bullard

Faculty Publications

Universities have three basic mission areas: service, teaching, and research. Through the service mission, many forest landowners participate in forestry extension programs and use university-based out reach materials and resources. Many forest landowners also recognize the teaching mission of universities by interacting regularly with forestry professionals who were trained through academic programs accredited by the Society of American Foresters. These two mission areas, service and teaching, have been and continue to be relevant to millions of forest landowners across the nation.

But what about university-based forestry research? As a forestry dean and as current president of the National Association of …

Instream Woody Debris And Riparian Forest Characteristics In The Sabine River, Texas, Matthew W. Mcbroom, Michael Ringer, Yanli Zhang

Faculty Publications

We examined instream large woody debris (LWD) dynamics on the Sabine River, TX. All wood >10 cm in diameter and >2 m long was measured on four river meanders (meander wavelengths) below the dam on Toledo Bend Reservoir. We determined LWD species, degree of decay, bank orientation, jam association, and stage contact. We also measured riparian vegetation characteristics on each meander. LWD volumes were significantly greater at the site immediately below Toledo Bend Dam, due to the relatively steeper channel gradient and higher rates of channel erosion. Based on mass balance estimates, between 11 and 21% of total annual recruitment …

Leucistic Wood Frog Tadpole (Lithobates Sylvaticus) From Central Ohio, Geoffrey R. Smith

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Intrinsic And Extrinsic Factors Influence Expression Of Defensive Behavior In Plains Hog‐Nosed Snakes [Abstract], Andrew M. Durso, Stephen J. Mullin

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Effect Of Origanum Chemotypes On Broiler Intestinal Bacteria, Liliana Betancourt, Fernando Rodriguez, Vienvilay Phandanouvong, Claudia Ariza-Nieto, Michael Hume, David Nisbet, German Afanador-Tellez, Alexandra Martynova-Van Kley, Armen Nalian

Faculty Publications

Essential oils have been proposed as alternatives to antibiotic use in food animal production. This study evaluated 3 chemotypes of the Origanum genus, containing varying amounts of secondary metabolites carvacrol, thymol, and sabinene, in the broiler chicken diet. Aerial parts of Origanum vulgare L. (OL), O. vulgare L. ssp. hirtum (OH), and O. majorana (OM) were collected from a greenhouse located in the high altitude Sabana de Bogotá (Savanna of Bogotá) and O. vulgare L. ssp. hirtum (OG) produced and ground in Greece. Oregano essential oils (OEO) from these plants were obtained by steam distillation and analyzed by gas chromatography …

Responsible, Renewable, And Redesigned: How The Renewable Energy Movement Can Make Peace With The Endangered Species Act, Kalyani Robbins

Faculty Publications

One of the most promising routes to a sustainable energy future, as well as climate change mitigation, is the development of renewable energy sources such as wind, solar energy, and hydropower. Indeed, scientists have proposed plans to move completely (100 percent!) to these energy sources within a couple of decades. Mark Z. Jacobson and M.A. Delucchi, scientists from Stanford and U.C. Davis, have outlined a plan to achieve this goal, thereby “eliminating all fossil fuels”. Hydroelectric power already provides almost one-fifth of the world's electricity, and wind and solar development is rapidly picking up as well. However, before we leave …

Revisiting The Causes Of The Financial Crisis, Antony Page

Faculty Publications

Much has been written on the legal causes of the financial crisis and its aftermath, often referred to as the Great Recession. Presumably the debate will continue for many years to come, much as scholars continue to debate the causes of the Great Depression. Lost, however, in the descriptions of arcane laws and complex derivative financial products, is a relatively brief and straightforward account of the crisis and its most likely causes for interested lawyers, law students, or graduate students who are not specialists and do not want to become specialists. This Essay, based on a presentation at the Indiana …

Exposure Of Workers To Dust And Bioaerosol On A Poultry Farm, Sheryll B. Jerez, Y. Cheng, Joey Bray

Faculty Publications

Poultry houses are known for generating excessive dust, which originates from bedding materials, fiberglass insulations, feed, dried fecal materials, and feather particles. Dust may contain microorganisms, including endotoxins, fungi, and bacteria, that may affect living things when inhaled. Dust that contains living organisms is referred to as bioaerosol, and its particle size may range from 0.5 to 100 µm. Respirable dust, which has an aerodynamic diameter of less than or equal to 4 µm, can travel to and be deposited in the gas-exchange region of the human respiratory system. This is of particular concern because of the greater health hazard …

The Death Of Inference, Andrew S. Pollis

Faculty Publications

This Article examines a disturbing trend in civil litigation: the demise of the jury’s historic prerogative to draw inferences from circumstantial evidence. Judges have arrogated to themselves the power to dismiss cases if they find the proffered inferenc

An Anthropocene Without Archaeology—Should We Care?, Todd J. Braje, Jon M. Erlandson, C. Melvin Aikens, Tim Beach, Scott Fitzpatrick, Sara Gonzalez, Douglas J. Kennett, Patrick V. Kirch, Gyoung-Ah Lee, Kent G. Lightfoot, Sarah B. Mcclure, Lee M. Panich, Torben C. Rick, Anna C. Roosevelt, Tsim D. Schneider, Bruce Smith, Melinda A. Zeder

Faculty Publications

For more than a decade, a movement has been gathering steam among geoscientists to designate an Anthropocene Epoch and formally recognize that we have entered a new geological age in which Earth’s systems are dominated by humans. Chemists, climatologists, and other scientists have entered the discussion, and there is a growing consensus that we are living in the Anthropocene. Nobel Prize-winning atmospheric chemist Paul Crutzen (2002a, 2002b; Crutzen and Stoermer 2000) coined the term, but the idea that humans are a driver of our planet’s climate and ecosystems has much deeper roots. Italian geologist Antonio Stoppani wrote of the “anthropozoic …

On Buddhism, Divination And The Worldly Arts: Textual Evidence From The Theravāda Tradition, David Fiordalis

Faculty Publications

This essay attends to the sticky web of indigenous terminology concerning divination and other so-called “mundane” or “worldly” arts, focusing primarily upon Buddhist canonical texts preserved in Pāli, augmented by references to commentarial and exegetical literature. It asks: How have some Buddhists, as evinced in this canonical and exegetical literature, understood the broader category of “worldly arts,” which includes techniques we call divinatory? Are Buddhists discouraged from engaging with such practices, as has been commonly asserted? If so, then for whom, specifically, are such words of discouragement primarily meant? And why, specifically, are such practices discouraged? Are the penalties for …

Political And Protest Theatre After 9/11: Patriotic Dissent, Lindsey Mantoan

Faculty Publications

Lindsey Mantoan reviews Political and Protest Theatre after 9/11: Patriotic Dissent (edited by Jenny Spencer) for Theatre Topics.

Eutrophication-Driven Deoxygenation In The Coastal Ocean, N N. Rabalais, W J. Cai, J Carstensen, D J. Conley, N N. Rabalais, X P. Hu, Z Quinones-Rivera, R Rosenberg, C P. Slomp, R. Eugene Turner, M Voss, B Wissel, J Zhang

Faculty Publications

Human activities, especially increased nutrient loads that set in motion a cascading chain of events related to eutrophication, accelerate development of hypoxia (lower oxygen concentration) in many areas of the world's coastal ocean. Climate changes and extreme weather events may modify hypoxia. Organismal and fisheries effects are at the heart of the coastal hypoxia issue, but more subtle regime shifts and trophic interactions are also cause for concern. The chemical milieu associated with declining dissolved oxygen concentrations affects the biogeochemical cycling of oxygen, carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, silica, trace metals, and sulfide as observed in water column processes, shifts in sediment …

A Reversal Of Fortunes: Climate Change 'Winners' And 'Losers' In Antarctic Peninsula Penguins, G.V. Clucas, M.J. Dunn, G. Dyke, S.D. Emslie, R. Naveen, M.J. Polito, O.G. Pybus, A.D. Rogers, T. Hart

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Nonlinear Properties Of Medial Entorhinal Cortex Neurons Reveal Frequency Selectivity During Multi-Sinusoidal Stimulation., Magnani C, Economo Mn, White Ja, Moore Le

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Concentrations And Sources Of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons In Surface Coastal Sediments Of The Northern Gulf Of Mexico, Zucheng Wang, Zhanfei Liu, Kehui Xu, Lawrence M. Mayer, Zulin Zhang, Alexander S. Kolker, Wei Wu

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Distinct Responses Of Gulf Of Mexico Phytoplankton Communities To Crude Oil And The Dispersant Corexit® Ec9500a Under Different Nutrient Regimes, Koray Ozhan, Sibel Bargu

Faculty Publications

This study examines the potential effects of exposure to South Louisiana sweet crude oil (LSC), Corexit® EC9500A, and dispersed oil on enclosed phytoplankton communities under different nutrient regimes. Three distinct microcosm experiments were conducted for 10 days to assess changes to the structure of natural communities from the Gulf of Mexico as quantified by temporal changes in the biomasses of different phytoplankton groups. Concentration of NO3, Si and PO4 were 0.83, 0.99 and 0.09 μM for the unenriched treatments and 14.07, 13.01 and 0.94 μM for the enriched treatments, respectively. Overall, the contaminants LSC and Corexit® EC9500A led to a …

All It Ever Does Is Rain: Bruce Springsteen And The Alienation Of Labor, David Ray Papke

Faculty Publications

The popular singer and songwriter Bruce Springsteen is a product of the working-class family, and his songs often creatively capture not only working-class life but also workers' alienation from their labor. In an unsystematic way, Springsteen's lyrics portray how modern workers are alienated from the products of their labor, the process of working, other workers, and ultimately, from themselves. Although Springsteen primarily has blue-collar, industrial workers in mind, his thoughts on the alienation of labor continue to have relevance for workers in the American consumer society and in the contemporary global economy as well.