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Liquid Sucrose Consumption Promotes Obesity And Impairs Glucose Tolerance Without Altering Circulating Insulin Levels, Susan J. Burke, Heidi M. Batdorf, Thomas M. Martin, David H. Burk, Robert C. Noland, Christopher R. Cooley, Michael D. Karlstad, William D. Johnson, J. Jason Collier Jul 2018

Liquid Sucrose Consumption Promotes Obesity And Impairs Glucose Tolerance Without Altering Circulating Insulin Levels, Susan J. Burke, Heidi M. Batdorf, Thomas M. Martin, David H. Burk, Robert C. Noland, Christopher R. Cooley, Michael D. Karlstad, William D. Johnson, J. Jason Collier

Faculty Publications

© 2018 The Obesity Society Objective: Multiple factors contribute to the rising rates of obesity and to difficulties in weight reduction that exist in the worldwide population. Caloric intake via sugar-sweetened beverages may be influential. This study tested the hypothesis that liquid sucrose intake promotes obesity by increasing serum insulin levels and tissue lipid accumulation. Methods: C57BL/6J mice were given 30% sucrose in liquid form. Changes in weight gain, body composition, energy expenditure (EE), and tissue lipid content were measured. Results: Mice drinking sucrose gained more total body mass (TBM), had greater fat mass, and displayed impaired glucose tolerance relative …

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Inhibition Of Endocytosis Suppresses The Nitric Oxide-Dependent Release Of Cl- In Retinal Amacrine Cells, Vernon K. Dunn, Evanna Gleason Jul 2018

Inhibition Of Endocytosis Suppresses The Nitric Oxide-Dependent Release Of Cl- In Retinal Amacrine Cells, Vernon K. Dunn, Evanna Gleason

Faculty Publications

© 2018 Dunn, Gleason. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Our lab has previously shown that nitric oxide (NO) can alter the synaptic response properties of amacrine cells by releasing Cl- from internal acidic compartments. This alteration in the Cl- gradient brings about a positive shift in the reversal potential of the GABA-gated current, which can convert inhibitory synapses into excitatory synapses. Recently, we have shown that the cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator …

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Management Of Insect Pests In The Production And Storage Of Minor Pulses, Ruparao T. Gahukar, Gadi V.P. Reddy Jul 2018

Management Of Insect Pests In The Production And Storage Of Minor Pulses, Ruparao T. Gahukar, Gadi V.P. Reddy

Faculty Publications

Minor pulses are cultivated on a small scale by economically poor farming communities for subsistence food. Currently, these crops are under-utilized or neglected, although they are reasonable sources of protein and can increase food security in rural areas. Research and development is underway to improve the grain quality and increase the productivity of these crops, both of which are negatively impacted by insect pest damage. Synthetic pesticides have proven to be the most effective control agents against all pests of minor pulses which include sap sucking insects. However, considering the drawbacks of pesticide residues in the grain, environmental pollution, and …

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What Can Mixed-Species Flock Movement Tell Us About The Value Of Amazonian Secondary Forests? Insights From Spatial Behavior, Karl Mokross, Jonathan R. Potts, Cameron L. Rutt, Philip C. Stouffer Jul 2018

What Can Mixed-Species Flock Movement Tell Us About The Value Of Amazonian Secondary Forests? Insights From Spatial Behavior, Karl Mokross, Jonathan R. Potts, Cameron L. Rutt, Philip C. Stouffer

Faculty Publications

The value of secondary forest for rain forest species remains an important question for conservation in the 21st century. Here, we describe the spatial behavior of understory mixed-species flocks in a heterogeneous landscape in central Amazonia. Understory mixed-species flocks represent a diverse, highly organized component of the rich Amazonian avifauna. We recorded movements within 26 flock home ranges in primary forest, secondary forest, interfaces between forest types, and forest fragments. We describe frequency and movement orientation in relation to forest edges, movement patterns and proportion of use between secondary and primary forest, the relation between home range sizes and vegetation …

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Prostate Cancer Information Available In Health-Care Provider Offices: An Analysis Of Content, Readability, And Cultural Sensitivity, Seul Ki Choi, Jessica S. Seel, Brooks Yelton Ma, Lmsw, Susan E. Steck Phd, Mph, Rd, Douglas P. Mccormick, Johnny Payne, Anthony Minter, Elizabeth K. Deutchki, James Hébert Scd, Daniela B. Friedman Ph.D. Jul 2018

Prostate Cancer Information Available In Health-Care Provider Offices: An Analysis Of Content, Readability, And Cultural Sensitivity, Seul Ki Choi, Jessica S. Seel, Brooks Yelton Ma, Lmsw, Susan E. Steck Phd, Mph, Rd, Douglas P. Mccormick, Johnny Payne, Anthony Minter, Elizabeth K. Deutchki, James Hébert Scd, Daniela B. Friedman Ph.D.

Faculty Publications

Prostate cancer (PrCA) is the most common cancer affecting men in the United States, and African American men have the highest incidence among men in the United States. Little is known about the PrCA-related educational materials being provided to patients in health-care settings. Content, readability, and cultural sensitivity of materials available in providers’ practices in South Carolina were examined. A total of 44 educational materials about PrCA and associated sexual dysfunction was collected from 16 general and specialty practices. The content of the materials was coded, and cultural sensitivity was assessed using the Cultural Sensitivity Assessment Tool. Flesch Reading Ease, …

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Khirbet Safra 2018, Paul Z. Gregor Jul 2018

Khirbet Safra 2018, Paul Z. Gregor

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Transacting With Characters: Teaching Children Perspective Taking With Authentic Literature, Tracey S. Hodges, Erin Mctigue, Katherine Landau Wright, Amanda D. Franks, Sharon D. Matthews Jul 2018

Transacting With Characters: Teaching Children Perspective Taking With Authentic Literature, Tracey S. Hodges, Erin Mctigue, Katherine Landau Wright, Amanda D. Franks, Sharon D. Matthews

Faculty Publications

The present study builds upon established best practices in narrative comprehension instruction by redesigning a story map, to retain the benefits of text structure instruction, while also facilitating students to reach deeper levels of character-based comprehension. Framed in reader response theory, dual coding theory, and developmental theories of perspective taking, children increase their knowledge of text while becoming more capable of taking the perspective of unique characters through intentional transactions. Using an exploratory, single-subject design, the authors centered the reading intervention on comprehending children’s literature from two, conflicting character perspectives. The authors documented four 3rd-grade participants’ comprehension of plot-based and …

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Combined Effects Of Deepwater Horizon Crude Oil And Environmental Stressors On Fundulus Grandis Embryos, Maria L. Rodgers, Elizabeth R. Jones, Christopher Klinkhamer, Cecon T. Mahapatra, Jennifer Serafin, Thijs Bosker, Chris Perkins, Robert J. Griffitt, Sylvain De Guise, Maria S. Sepúlveda Jul 2018

Combined Effects Of Deepwater Horizon Crude Oil And Environmental Stressors On Fundulus Grandis Embryos, Maria L. Rodgers, Elizabeth R. Jones, Christopher Klinkhamer, Cecon T. Mahapatra, Jennifer Serafin, Thijs Bosker, Chris Perkins, Robert J. Griffitt, Sylvain De Guise, Maria S. Sepúlveda

Faculty Publications

In the present study, we examined how sensitivity to oil changes in combination with environmental stressors in Fundulus grandis embryos. We exposed embryos (fertilization) to a range of high‐energy water accommodated fraction (HEWAF) concentrations (0–50 parts per billion [ppb] total polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons [PAHs]) made from Macondo crude oil in conjunction with various environmental conditions (temperature: 20 and 30 °C; salinity: 3, 7, and 30 practical salinity units [PSU]; and dissolved oxygen: 2 and 6 mg/L). Endpoints included mortality, hatching rates, and expression of cytochrome p450 1a and 1c (cyp1a, cyp1c) in hatched larvae. There was 100% …

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Review: Milton And The Politics Of Speech, Helen Lynch, Jameela A. Lares Jul 2018

Review: Milton And The Politics Of Speech, Helen Lynch, Jameela A. Lares

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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High Circulatory Leptin Mediated Nox-2-Peroxynitrite-Mir21 Axis Activate Mesangial Cells And Promotes Renal Inflammatory Pathology In Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease, Firas Alhasson, Ratanesh K. Seth, Sutapa Sarkar, Diana A. Kimono, Muayad S. Albadrani, Diptadip Dattaroy, Varun Chandrashekaran, Geoffry Scott, Samir Raychoudhury, Mitzi Nagarkatti, Prakash Nagarkatti, Anna Mae Diehl, Saurabh Chatterjee Jul 2018

High Circulatory Leptin Mediated Nox-2-Peroxynitrite-Mir21 Axis Activate Mesangial Cells And Promotes Renal Inflammatory Pathology In Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease, Firas Alhasson, Ratanesh K. Seth, Sutapa Sarkar, Diana A. Kimono, Muayad S. Albadrani, Diptadip Dattaroy, Varun Chandrashekaran, Geoffry Scott, Samir Raychoudhury, Mitzi Nagarkatti, Prakash Nagarkatti, Anna Mae Diehl, Saurabh Chatterjee

Faculty Publications

High circulatory insulin and leptin followed by underlying inflammation are often ascribed to the ectopic manifestations in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) but the exact molecular pathways remain unclear. We have shown previously that CYP2E1-mediated oxidative stress and circulating leptin in NAFLD is associated with renal disease severity. Extending the studies, we hypothesized that high circulatory leptin in NAFLD causes renal mesangial cell activation and tubular inflammation via a NOX2 dependent pathway that upregulates proinflammatory miR21. High-fat diet (60% kcal) was used to induce fatty liver phenotype with parallel insulin and leptin resistance. The kidneys were probed for mesangial cell …

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Unusual: The Death Penalty For Inadvertent Killing, Brenner M. Fissell, Guyora Binder, Robert Weisberg Jul 2018

Unusual: The Death Penalty For Inadvertent Killing, Brenner M. Fissell, Guyora Binder, Robert Weisberg

Faculty Publications

Can a burglar who frightens the occupant of a house, causing a fatal heart attack, be executed? More generally, does the Eighth Amendment permit capital punishment of one who causes death inadvertently? This scenario is possible in the significant minority of American jurisdictions that permit capital punishment for felony murder without requiring a mental state of intent to kill or reckless indifference to human life. Thus far, Eighth Amendment death penalty jurisprudence has required a culpable mental state of recklessness for execution of accomplices in a fatal felony, but has not yet addressed the culpability required for execution of the …

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Khirbet Safra 2018, Paul J. Ray Jul 2018

Khirbet Safra 2018, Paul J. Ray

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Detection And Verification Of Mammalian Mirtrons By Northern Blotting, Mohammad Farid Zia, Alex S. Flynt Jun 2018

Detection And Verification Of Mammalian Mirtrons By Northern Blotting, Mohammad Farid Zia, Alex S. Flynt

Faculty Publications

microRNAs (miRNAs) have vital roles in regulating gene expression—contributing to major diseases like cancer and heart disease. Over the last decade, thousands of miRNAs have been discovered through high throughput sequencing-based annotation. Different classes have been described, as well as a great dynamic range of expression levels. While sequencing approaches provide insight into biogenesis and allow confident identification, there is a need for additional methods for validation and characterization. Northern blotting was one of the first techniques used for studying miRNAs, and remains one of the most valuable as it avoids enzymatic manipulation of miRNA transcripts. Blotting can also provide …

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Purifying Selection In The Toll-Like Receptors Of Song Sparrows Melospiza Melodia, Martha J. Nelson-Flower, Ryan R. Germain, Elizabeth A. Macdougall-Shackleton, Sabrina S. Taylor, Peter Arcese Jun 2018

Purifying Selection In The Toll-Like Receptors Of Song Sparrows Melospiza Melodia, Martha J. Nelson-Flower, Ryan R. Germain, Elizabeth A. Macdougall-Shackleton, Sabrina S. Taylor, Peter Arcese

Faculty Publications

Variation in immune gene sequences is known to influence resistance to infectious diseases and parasites, and hence survival and mate choice, across animal taxa. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) comprise one essential gene family in the vertebrate innate immune system and recognize evolutionarily conserved structures from all major microorganism classes. However, the causes and consequences of TLR variation in passerine birds remain largely unexplored. We examined 7 TLR genes in song sparrows (Melospiza melodia), a species that is studied across North America. We then examined sequences from 4 unduplicated TLRs (TLR1LB, TLR3, TLR4, and TLR15) from birds in 2 parts of the …

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Spatial Assessment Of Water Quality With Urbanization In 2007-2015, Shanghai, China, Huixuan Li, Cuizhen Wang, Xiao Huang, Andrew Hug Jun 2018

Spatial Assessment Of Water Quality With Urbanization In 2007-2015, Shanghai, China, Huixuan Li, Cuizhen Wang, Xiao Huang, Andrew Hug

Faculty Publications

Shanghai, as one of the megacities and economic centers of China, is facing critical water quality challenges. This study analyzed the impact of urbanization on the water quality in Shanghai, from 2007 to 2015, using remote sensing (RS) and geographic information system (GIS) techniques. Five measurements of water quality were employed: total discharged wastewater volume, general water quality levels, dissolved oxygen (DO), permanganate, and ammonia nitrogen. The impacts of urban land-use changes on water quality were examined. An urban index was extracted from satellite image classification and was used to quantify the anthropogenic activities. In the watershed level, unit watersheds …

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Ten Weeks Of High-Intensity Interval Walk Training Is Associated With Reduced Disease Activity And Improved Innate Immune Function In Older Adults With Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Pilot Study, David B. Bartlett, Leslie H. Willis, Cris A. Slentz, Andrew Hoselton, Leslie Kelly, Janet L. Huebner, Virginia B. Kraus, Jennifer Moss, Michael J. Muehlbauer, Guillaume Spielmann, William E. Kraus, Janet M. Lord, Kim M. Huffman Jun 2018

Ten Weeks Of High-Intensity Interval Walk Training Is Associated With Reduced Disease Activity And Improved Innate Immune Function In Older Adults With Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Pilot Study, David B. Bartlett, Leslie H. Willis, Cris A. Slentz, Andrew Hoselton, Leslie Kelly, Janet L. Huebner, Virginia B. Kraus, Jennifer Moss, Michael J. Muehlbauer, Guillaume Spielmann, William E. Kraus, Janet M. Lord, Kim M. Huffman

Faculty Publications

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease in which adults have significant joint issues leading to poor health. Poor health is compounded by many factors, including exercise avoidance and increased risk of opportunistic infection. Exercise training can improve the health of patients with RA and potentially improve immune function; however, information on the effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) in RA is limited. We sought to determine whether 10 weeks of a walking-based HIIT program would be associated with health improvements as measured by disease activity and aerobic fitness. Further, we assessed whether HIIT was associated with improved …

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Are The Stock Markets "Rigged"? An Empirical Analysis Of Regulatory Change, Stephen Diamond Jun 2018

Are The Stock Markets "Rigged"? An Empirical Analysis Of Regulatory Change, Stephen Diamond

Faculty Publications

Are the stock markets "rigged"? An empirical analysis of regulatory change: Volatile events in the stock market such as the 2010 Flash Crash have sparked concern that financial markets are “rigged” in favor of trading firms that use high frequency trading (“HFT”) systems. We analyze a regulatory change implemented by the SEC in 2007 by examining its effect on a key market metric, the bid-ask spread, an investor cost, and find that the regulatory shift, indeed, disadvantages investors. We link the implementation of this change to a shift in the volume of trades from a low-cost venue to a high-cost …

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Variation In Mating Dynamics Across Five Species Of Leiobunine Harvestmen (Arachnida: Opliones), Kasey D. Fowler-Finn, Sarah L. Boyer, Raine Ikagawa, Timothy Jeffries, Penelope C. Kahn, Eva M. Larsen, Daniel Lee, Morgan Smeester Jun 2018

Variation In Mating Dynamics Across Five Species Of Leiobunine Harvestmen (Arachnida: Opliones), Kasey D. Fowler-Finn, Sarah L. Boyer, Raine Ikagawa, Timothy Jeffries, Penelope C. Kahn, Eva M. Larsen, Daniel Lee, Morgan Smeester

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Nuptial Gift Chemistry Reveals Convergent Evolution Correlated With Antagonism In Mating Systems Of Harvestmen (Arachnida, Opiliones), Penelope C. Kahn, Dennis D. Cao, Mercedes Burns, Sarah L. Boyer Jun 2018

Nuptial Gift Chemistry Reveals Convergent Evolution Correlated With Antagonism In Mating Systems Of Harvestmen (Arachnida, Opiliones), Penelope C. Kahn, Dennis D. Cao, Mercedes Burns, Sarah L. Boyer

Faculty Publications

Nuptial gifts are material donations given from male to female before or during copulation and are subject to sexual selection in a wide variety of taxa. The harvestman genus Leiobunum has emerged as a model system for understanding the evolution of reproductive morphology and behavior, as transitions between solicitous and antagonistic modes of courtship have occurred multiple times within the lineage and are correlated with convergence in genital morphology. We analyzed the free amino acid content of nuptial gift secretions from five species of Leiobunum using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Multivariate analysis of the free amino acid profiles revealed that, rather …

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Species Richness And Phylogenetic Diversity Of Native And Non-Native Species Respond Differently To Area And Environmental Factors, Daijiang Li, William B. Monahan, Benjamin Baiser Jun 2018

Species Richness And Phylogenetic Diversity Of Native And Non-Native Species Respond Differently To Area And Environmental Factors, Daijiang Li, William B. Monahan, Benjamin Baiser

Faculty Publications

© 2018 John Wiley & Sons Ltd Aim: To test whether native and non-native species have similar diversity–area relationships (species–area relationships [SARs] and phylogenetic diversity–area relationships [PDARs]) and whether they respond similarly to environmental variables. Location: United States. Methods: Using lists of native and non-native species as well as environmental variables for >250 US national parks, we compared SARs and PDARs of native and non-native species to test whether they respond similarly to environmental conditions. We then used multiple regressions involving climate, land cover and anthropogenic variables to further explore underlying predictors of diversity for plants and birds in US …

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Intraspecific Variation In Indirect Plant–Soil Feedbacks Influences A Wetland Plant Invasion, Warwick J. Allen, Laura A. Meyerson, Andrew J. Flick, James T. Cronin Jun 2018

Intraspecific Variation In Indirect Plant–Soil Feedbacks Influences A Wetland Plant Invasion, Warwick J. Allen, Laura A. Meyerson, Andrew J. Flick, James T. Cronin

Faculty Publications

© 2018 by the Ecological Society of America Plant–soil feedbacks (PSFs) influence plant competition via direct interactions with pathogens and mutualists or indirectly via apparent competition/mutualisms (i.e., spillover to co-occurring plants) and soil legacy effects. It is currently unknown how intraspecific variation in PSFs interacts with the environment (e.g., nutrient availability) to influence competition between native and invasive plants. We conducted a fully crossed multi-factor greenhouse experiment to determine the effects of Phragmites australis rhizosphere soil biota, interspecific competition, and nutrient availability on biomass of replicate populations from one native and two invasive lineages of common reed (P. australis) and …

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Generating Dna Sequence Data With Limited Resources For Molecular Biology: Lessons From A Barcoding Project In Indonesia, Gillian H. Dean, Rani Asmarayani, Marlina Ardiyani, Yessi Santika, Teguh Triono, Sarah Mathews, Campbell O. Webb Jun 2018

Generating Dna Sequence Data With Limited Resources For Molecular Biology: Lessons From A Barcoding Project In Indonesia, Gillian H. Dean, Rani Asmarayani, Marlina Ardiyani, Yessi Santika, Teguh Triono, Sarah Mathews, Campbell O. Webb

Faculty Publications

Applications in Plant Sciences is published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of the Botanical Society of America The advent of the DNA sequencing age has led to a revolution in biology. The rapid and cost-effective generation of high-quality sequence data has transformed many fields, including those focused on discovering species and surveying biodiversity, monitoring movement of biological materials, forensic biology, and disease diagnostics. There is a need to build capacity to generate useful sequence data in countries with limited historical access to laboratory resources, so that researchers can benefit from the advantages offered by these data. Commonly used molecular …

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Making Epidermal Bladder Cells Bigger: Developmental-And Salinity-Induced Endopolyploidy In A Model Halophyte, Bronwyn J. Barkla, Timothy Rhodes, Kieu Nga T. Tran, Chathura Wijesinghege, John C. Larkin, Maheshi Dassanayake Jun 2018

Making Epidermal Bladder Cells Bigger: Developmental-And Salinity-Induced Endopolyploidy In A Model Halophyte, Bronwyn J. Barkla, Timothy Rhodes, Kieu Nga T. Tran, Chathura Wijesinghege, John C. Larkin, Maheshi Dassanayake

Faculty Publications

© 2018 American Society of Plant Biologists. All rights reserved. Endopolyploidy occurs when DNA replication takes place without subsequent mitotic nuclear division, resulting in cell-specific ploidy levels within tissues. In plants, endopolyploidy plays an important role in sustaining growth and development, but only a few studies have demonstrated a role in abiotic stress response. In this study, we investigated the function of ploidy level and nuclear and cell size in leaf expansion throughout development and tracked cell type-specific ploidy in the halophyte Mesembryanthemum crystallinum. In addition to developmental endopolyploidy, we examined the effects of salinity stress on ploidy level. We …

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Using Hydrogen Stable Isotope Ratios To Trace The Geographic Origin Of The Population Of Bactrocera Dorsalis (Diptera: Tephritidae) Trapped In Northern China, Zihua Zhao, Zhenglong Lu, Gadi V.P. Reddy, Shuo Zhao, Guanghui Lin, Jianyun Ding, Jiajiao Wu, Zhihong Li Jun 2018

Using Hydrogen Stable Isotope Ratios To Trace The Geographic Origin Of The Population Of Bactrocera Dorsalis (Diptera: Tephritidae) Trapped In Northern China, Zihua Zhao, Zhenglong Lu, Gadi V.P. Reddy, Shuo Zhao, Guanghui Lin, Jianyun Ding, Jiajiao Wu, Zhihong Li

Faculty Publications

The oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis Hendel (Diptera: Tephritidae), is a generalist feeder that is known to successfully feed and breed on a variety of fruits and vegetables in the tropical and subtropical zones of Asia. Recently, the northward extension of B. dorsalis has been reported, and this geographic range increase relates to both climate changes and the rapid development of domestic and international trade and travel. However, it has not been possible to determine the origin of this pest, which is trapped in north China. In this study, traps baited with the sex attractant methyl eugenol were used to …

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Changes To Extender, Cryoprotective Medium, And In Vitro Fertilization Improve Zebrafish Sperm Cryopreservation, Jennifer L. Matthews, Joy M. Murphy, Carrie Carmichael, Huiping Yang, Terrence Tiersch, Monte Westerfield, Zoltan M. Varga Jun 2018

Changes To Extender, Cryoprotective Medium, And In Vitro Fertilization Improve Zebrafish Sperm Cryopreservation, Jennifer L. Matthews, Joy M. Murphy, Carrie Carmichael, Huiping Yang, Terrence Tiersch, Monte Westerfield, Zoltan M. Varga

Faculty Publications

Sperm cryopreservation is a highly efficient method for preserving genetic resources. It extends the reproductive period of males and significantly reduces costs normally associated with maintenance of live animal colonies. However, previous zebrafish (Danio rerio) cryopreservation methods have produced variable outcomes and low post-thaw fertilization rates. To improve post-thaw fertilization rates after cryopreservation, we developed a new extender and cryoprotective medium (CPM), introduced quality assessment (QA), determined the optimal cooling rate, and improved the post-thaw in vitro fertilization process. We found that the hypertonic extender E400 preserved motility of sperm held on ice for at least 6 h. We implemented …

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Estimating Waterfowl Carrying Capacity At Local Scales: A Case Study From Edwin B. Forsythe National Wildlife Refuge, New Jersey, Kevin M. Ringelman, Christopher K. Williams, Paul M. Castelli, Mason L. Sieges, Rebecca A. Longenecker, Theodore C. Nichols, Stephen D. Earsom Jun 2018

Estimating Waterfowl Carrying Capacity At Local Scales: A Case Study From Edwin B. Forsythe National Wildlife Refuge, New Jersey, Kevin M. Ringelman, Christopher K. Williams, Paul M. Castelli, Mason L. Sieges, Rebecca A. Longenecker, Theodore C. Nichols, Stephen D. Earsom

Faculty Publications

The management of wintering North American waterfowl is based on the premise that the amount of foraging habitat can limit populations. To estimate carrying capacity of winter habitats, managers use bioenergetic models to quantify energy (food) availability and energy demand, and use results as planning tools to meet regional conservation objectives. Regional models provide only coarse estimates of carrying capacity because habitat area, habitat energy values, and temporal trends in population-level demand are difficult to quantify precisely at large scales. We took advantage of detailed data previously collected on wintering waterfowl at Edwin B. Forsythe National Wildlife Refuge and surrounding …

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Benefit Corporations And The Separation Of Benefit And Control, Emily R. Winston Jun 2018

Benefit Corporations And The Separation Of Benefit And Control, Emily R. Winston

Faculty Publications

Scholars, activists, and other observers have expressed concern about the social effects of corporate activity in the United States since as early as the nineteenth century. A recurring theme in this debate has been whether corporations’ focus on shareholder interests causes them to neglect and harm the interests of other constituencies affected by corporate activity. A recent and prominent effort to address this concern is the social enterprise movement, which is unique because it has resulted in the creation of entirely new business entities designed specifically for for-profit businesses devoted to pursuing social missions. One of the most widely adopted …

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Feeding Patterns Of Two Commercially Important Fish Species Scomberoides Commersonnianus And S. Tol In The Northern Arabian Sea Coast Of Pakistan, Nazia Qamar, Sher Khan Panhwar, Ralf Riedel Jun 2018

Feeding Patterns Of Two Commercially Important Fish Species Scomberoides Commersonnianus And S. Tol In The Northern Arabian Sea Coast Of Pakistan, Nazia Qamar, Sher Khan Panhwar, Ralf Riedel

Faculty Publications

Port landing of Scomberoides commersonnianus and S. tol were obtained between July 2013 and June 2015 for stomach content analysis. Analysis of prey composition was done using permutational analysis of variance (permanova), with species, life stage (juvenile and adults), gender, and weather (rainy and dry season) as factors. Patterns of empty stomachs were investigated to estimate feeding intensity. Feeding intensity was estimated with logistic regression, using the same independent variables as above. Prey importance was also investigated. Prey importance was assessed using a Wilcox Rank Correlation analysis on the Index of Relative Importance (IRI) by species and life-stage. Permanova analysis …

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American Gut: An Open Platform For Citizen Science Microbiome Research, Yoshiki Vázquez-Baeza, Alison Vrbanac, Paul Wischmeyer, Elaine Wolfe, Qiyun Zhu, Rob Knight, Daniel Mcdonald, Embriette Hyde, Justine W. Debelius, James T. Morton, Antonio Gonzalez, Gail Ackermann, Alexander A. Aksenov, Bahar Behsaz, Caitriona Brennan, Yingfeng Chen, Lindsay De Right Goldasich, Pieter C. Dorrestein, Robert R. Dunn, Ashkaan K. Fahimipour, James Gaffney, Jack A. Gilbert, Grant Gogul, Jessica L. Green, Philip Hugenholtz, Greg Humphrey, Curtis Huttenhower, Matthew A. Jackson, Stefan Janssen, Dilip V. Jeste, Lingjing Jiang, Scott T. Kelley, Dan Knights Jun 2018

American Gut: An Open Platform For Citizen Science Microbiome Research, Yoshiki Vázquez-Baeza, Alison Vrbanac, Paul Wischmeyer, Elaine Wolfe, Qiyun Zhu, Rob Knight, Daniel Mcdonald, Embriette Hyde, Justine W. Debelius, James T. Morton, Antonio Gonzalez, Gail Ackermann, Alexander A. Aksenov, Bahar Behsaz, Caitriona Brennan, Yingfeng Chen, Lindsay De Right Goldasich, Pieter C. Dorrestein, Robert R. Dunn, Ashkaan K. Fahimipour, James Gaffney, Jack A. Gilbert, Grant Gogul, Jessica L. Green, Philip Hugenholtz, Greg Humphrey, Curtis Huttenhower, Matthew A. Jackson, Stefan Janssen, Dilip V. Jeste, Lingjing Jiang, Scott T. Kelley, Dan Knights

Faculty Publications

Copyright © 2018 McDonald et al. Although much work has linked the human microbiome to specific phenotypes and lifestyle variables, data from different projects have been challenging to integrate and the extent of microbial and molecular diversity in human stool remains unknown. Using standardized protocols from the Earth Microbiome Project and sample contributions from over 10,000 citizen-scientists, together with an open research network, we compare human microbiome specimens primarily from the United States, United Kingdom, and Australia to one another and to environmental samples. Our results show an unexpected range of beta-diversity in human stool microbiomes compared to environmental samples; …

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Tuning Out Security Warnings: A Longitudinal Examination Of Habituation Through Fmri, Eye Tracking, And Field Experiments, Anthony Vance, Jeffrey L. Jenkins, Bonnie Brinton Anderson, Daniel K. Bjornn, C. Brock Kirwan Jun 2018

Tuning Out Security Warnings: A Longitudinal Examination Of Habituation Through Fmri, Eye Tracking, And Field Experiments, Anthony Vance, Jeffrey L. Jenkins, Bonnie Brinton Anderson, Daniel K. Bjornn, C. Brock Kirwan

Faculty Publications

Research in the fields of information systems and human-computer interaction has shown that habituation— decreased response to repeated stimulation—is a serious threat to the effectiveness of security warnings. Although habituation is a neurobiological phenomenon that develops over time, past studies have only examined this problem cross-sectionally. Further, past studies have not examined how habituation influences actual security warning adherence in the field. For these reasons, the full extent of the problem of habituation is unknown. We address these gaps by conducting two complementary longitudinal experiments. First, we performed an experiment collecting fMRI and eye-tracking data simultaneously to directly measure habituation …

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