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A Comparison Of Cottage Cheese Yields Using Culture And Direct Acidification, David Edward Satterness Jan 1977

A Comparison Of Cottage Cheese Yields Using Culture And Direct Acidification, David Edward Satterness

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Commercial production of cottage cheese constitutes a significant portion of the total fluid milk utilization in the U.S. Since 1955, yearly per capita consumption of cottage .cheese has steadily increased from 1. 77 kg (3.9 lb) to a high of 2.45 kg (5.4 lb) in 1971 and 1972 (101, 122). A relatively sharp increase in the price of milk solids-not-fat depressed the yearly per capita consumption of cottage cheese to 2. 14 kg (4. 7 lb) in 1974 and 1975 (121). A gradual recovery from this depression was experienced in 1976 with the yearly per capita consumption increasing from 2.10 …

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Influence Of Season On Immunoglobulin Absorption And Status In Young Calves, Lynn Maureen Boyd Jan 1977

Influence Of Season On Immunoglobulin Absorption And Status In Young Calves, Lynn Maureen Boyd

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

A high rate of calf mortality can represent a major economic loss to the dairy farmer. Despite increased knowledge in calf rearing, mortality rates of 10 to as high as 25% are not uncommon. The loss of heifer calves alone cost dairymen an estimated $81 million in 1975. This figure does not include the additional costs of extra labor, medication and veterinary expenses, and the loss of genetic potential. The most critical period for calf survival is the first 2 to 3 wk of life. During this time, the calf depends upon colostral immunoglobulins absorbed during the first 24 h …

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A Conceptual Approach For Analysis And Evaluation Of Branch Line Abandonment, Dale Bertsch Jan 1977

A Conceptual Approach For Analysis And Evaluation Of Branch Line Abandonment, Dale Bertsch

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Prior to the passage of the Regional Railroad Reorganization Act of 1973, the position of the Interstate Commerce Commission and the Federal Government was to place the financial burden of maintaining and operating unprofitable trackage on the railroad companies. With the bankruptcy of seven railroad companies in the Northeast however, the Federal Government and the Interstate Commerce Commission have altered their positions. Emphasis is shifting from railroads as public utilities, charged with responsibility for affecting social goals, to railroads as businesses, incapable if survival without profits. The financial burden for operation of unprofitable trackage has been shifted to those benefiting …

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Attitudes Of Participants Toward The Brookings Middle School Interscholastic Athletic Program, Benda Lou Berseth Jan 1977

Attitudes Of Participants Toward The Brookings Middle School Interscholastic Athletic Program, Benda Lou Berseth

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to determine the attitudes of participants toward their experience of the interscholastic athletic program at the Brookings Middle School, in Brookings, South Dakota. This involved a comparative analysis of reactions to questionnaire items to determine the influence of sex and grade level on attitudes toward the athletic program. The questionnaire was designed to investigate attitudes in three areas: 1 the initial motivations which led the student to participate in athletics; 2 ways in which the actual athletic experience coincided or contrasted with the student’s expectations; and 3 the place of athletics in each student’s …

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Model Study Of Swine Manure Pit Ventilation Systems, Gary W. Buller Jan 1977

Model Study Of Swine Manure Pit Ventilation Systems, Gary W. Buller

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

A potential method to attain an optimally controlled swine environment conductive to both the animal and laborer is a pit ventilation system. A pit ventilation system should exhaust noxious gasses and odors that evolve in the pits before natural or forced convection currents transfer the gasses and odors into the livestock environment. This is especially important when minimum airflow rates are employed during winter operation. Pit ventilation systems in swine confinement housing have not continually produced an optimum environment for both the animal and operator. Consequently, improvements in design and performance data on various systems are needed, if more reliable …

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Dicamba Use In Relationship To Drift Injury On Soybeans In Southeastern South Dakota, Duane E. Auch Jan 1977

Dicamba Use In Relationship To Drift Injury On Soybeans In Southeastern South Dakota, Duane E. Auch

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The benefits of using herbicides have been demonstrated repeatedly, but less is known about the risks involved in the use of herbicides. Any herbicide movement out of its field of application increases the potential damage to sensitive plants and animals. Herbicides more through the air by herbicide drift. Spraying equipment, application methods, and spray additives have been developed to reduce the amount of drift. Unfortunately, none have been shown to eliminate drift without reducing herbicide effectiveness. Dicamba (3,6-dichloro-o-anisic acid) has the potential to cause drift injury. Dicamba controls certain broadleaf weeds in corn (Zea mays L.), small grain, and pasture, …

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Evaluation Of Selected Sludge Disposal Methods, William W. Brinker Jan 1977

Evaluation Of Selected Sludge Disposal Methods, William W. Brinker

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This research was undertaken to determine the feasibility of dewatering digested sludge using vacuum filters or centrifuges followed by land spreading as opposed to the present method of sludge hauling and disposal. The objectives of these experiments were to: 1 Determine whether the sludge from the Sioux Falls Wastewater Treatment Plant with the addition of a selected polymer could be dewatered by means of a vacuum filter. 2. Determine whether the sludge from the Sioux Falls Wastewater Treatment Plant with the addition of a selected polymer could be dewatered by means of a solid bowl centrifuge. 3. Establish capita costs …

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The Minnesota River Lowland : An Area Study, Ronald R. Crawford Jan 1977

The Minnesota River Lowland : An Area Study, Ronald R. Crawford

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This thesis is a systematic-area geographical study of the extreme northeastern part of South Dakota known as the Minnesota River Lowland (Fig.1). Most of the Minnesota River Lowland region lies in Minnesota and North Dakota, but this study will be limited to that area if the region within South Dakota. This area study is not limited to one criterion such as location, climate, or human occupance. Rather, it incorporates the sum total of all the criteria included in a systematic-regional study.

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Epiphytic Movement And Survival Of Pseudomonas Syringae On Spring Wheat, Sandra J. Fryda Jan 1977

Epiphytic Movement And Survival Of Pseudomonas Syringae On Spring Wheat, Sandra J. Fryda

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Field, greenhouse, and growth chamber experiments demonstrated that Pseudomonas syringae, the incitant of bacterial leaf necrosis of wheat, moved from inoculated wheat seed to the seedling and survived as an epiphyte on the leaves. In greenhouse experiments 80-90% relative humidity favored movement of P. Syringae to the coleptile and first true leaf of the seedlings. Movement was not different on wheat cultivars susceptible or resistant to bacterial leaf necrosis. Under 70-98% relative humidity in a growth chamber, P. syringae moved to a significantly higher (P=0.01) percentage of seedlings at 10C than at 16 or 22C. In a field experiment, using …

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The Transmission Of Mycobacterium Avium Among Swine: An Immunologic And Bacteriologic Study, Steven R. Ellsworth Jan 1977

The Transmission Of Mycobacterium Avium Among Swine: An Immunologic And Bacteriologic Study, Steven R. Ellsworth

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Mycobacterium Avium is the major cause of tuberculosis in swine (53). The natural reservoir of this organism is assumed to be birds, particularly poultry. Federal meat inspection records show that efforts to reduce tuberculosis in poultry over the last 55 years have resulted in an accompanying decline of tuberculosis in swine (54). Studies have shown, however, that M. avium infection in swine cannot always be traced to birds, and the disease is common in those regions where tuberculosis in poultry is rare (53). Also serotypes not normally pathogenic for birds are commonly isolated from swine (40, 51, 53). Indeed, many …

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Sodium Bentonite, Sodium Bicarbonate And Limestone Supplementation In High-Concentrate Diets For Ruminants, Barry Howard Dunn Jan 1977

Sodium Bentonite, Sodium Bicarbonate And Limestone Supplementation In High-Concentrate Diets For Ruminants, Barry Howard Dunn

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

In the past several years, there has been increased interest in what has been referred to by some as the two-phase feeding of ruminants. This includes backgrounding, when animals are fed diets high in roughage during a growing period, followed by high-grain feeding during a relatively short finishing period. An interim period of grain adaptation, usually 2 to 3 weeks in length, is necessary in this feeding system to avoid the deleterious effects of the rumen acidosis associated with abrupt changes from predominantly roughage diets to high-grain diets. Feedlot performance during this adaptation phase is generally lower than desired. The …

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Organochlorine Insecticide, Polychlorinated Biphenyl And Metal Residues In Birds Of South Dakota, Brian Gueck Jan 1977

Organochlorine Insecticide, Polychlorinated Biphenyl And Metal Residues In Birds Of South Dakota, Brian Gueck

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Chlorinated bydrocarbon insecticides, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB’s) and metal residue levels were measured in tissues of common crows, American coots, starlings and Franklin’s gulls of South Dakota. Methods of analysis for insecticides and PCB’s included column, thin-layer and gas—liquid chromatography and atomic absorption spectrophotometry for metals. DDE was the most prevalent residue, being detected in 93% of all samples ad averaging 66% of the total residues in the carcass.

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Lysine-Energy Relationships In Corn-Soybean Meal Diets For Growing And Finishing Swine, James L. Girard Jan 1977

Lysine-Energy Relationships In Corn-Soybean Meal Diets For Growing And Finishing Swine, James L. Girard

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Increasing feed costs in recent years have led researcher and producers to look to different sources for their feedstuffs. Many by-products of various industries have been studied to determine their potential as livestock feeds. One product that has been used to spare feed grains in the diet by increasing the total dietary energy and increasing feed efficiency. The amino acid lysine represents another opportunity to decrease food costs of swine diets when protein supplementation is costly. Lysine is the first limiting amino acid in most practical swine diets. The addition of lysine has proven effective in diets adequate in other …

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The Effect Of Oral Ferric Nitrilotriacetic Acid (Fe-Nta) Alone And In Combination With Ascorbic Acid And Choline On Serum Iron Concentration In Swine, Thomas Michael Juntti Jan 1977

The Effect Of Oral Ferric Nitrilotriacetic Acid (Fe-Nta) Alone And In Combination With Ascorbic Acid And Choline On Serum Iron Concentration In Swine, Thomas Michael Juntti

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Iron deficiency anemia has been a problem with pigs raised in confinement for over five decades. During that period effective treatments have been developed, but these still involve a considerable outlay of labor on the part of the swine producer. The need for an effective and easily administrable hematinic still exists. The possible advantage of the treatment tested here are: 1. The treatment may be administered to either sow or baby pigs in drinking water or feed. Pigs born to sows whose diet was supplemented may have increased iron stores. 3. The iron concentration of milk in sows whose diet …

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In Vitro Analysis Of Pre- And Early Postimplantation Development Of Lethal Yellow (Ay/Ay) Mouse Embryos, Linda L. Johnson Jan 1977

In Vitro Analysis Of Pre- And Early Postimplantation Development Of Lethal Yellow (Ay/Ay) Mouse Embryos, Linda L. Johnson

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The dominant AY gene of the agouti locus (linkage group V) in the house mouse (Muse musculus) is one of approximately eleven alleles specifying coat color. Homozygosity of the AY allele is thought to cause death of the embryo in utero around the time of implantation. For this reason the AY/AY genotype is called the lethal yellow mouse. The precise time that the primary gene defect is first expressed is not known. Attempts to pinpoint the phenocritical period in an effort to discover the basic biochemical alteration specified by the lethal gene have thus far …

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The Photochemical Behavior Of Adsorbed Stilbene, Jeffrey L. Jensen Jan 1977

The Photochemical Behavior Of Adsorbed Stilbene, Jeffrey L. Jensen

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Only limited study has been conducted in the area of photoirradiation of trans-stilbene abdorbed on silica gel or alumina. These previous studies were characterized by the immediate removal of the resultant irradiation products from the solid matrix. Hecht, however has noted that if an irradiated system was left on alumina and monitored by reflectance spectroscopy the irradiation products did not produce a stable system, but a return of trans-stilbene was noted. The purpose of this work has been to investigate this behavior.

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Estimating The Elasticity Of Demand For Rail Transportation Of South Dakota Wheat, Karen Ann Olson Jan 1977

Estimating The Elasticity Of Demand For Rail Transportation Of South Dakota Wheat, Karen Ann Olson

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The overall objective of this study is to estimate the price elasticities of demand for rail transportation of wheat produced in South Dakota in 1974. The specific objective of this study is to estimate the demand for rail transportation in shipping wheat and the corresponding elasticity coefficients. By accomplishing this, the impact of changes in rail rates on quantities shipped by rail can be estimated. The degree of substitutability between rail and truck is also measured by estimating the elasticity of substitution. To accomplish the above, data on 1974 grain shipments is used to estimate demand functions from which the …

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The Relationship Between Achievement Motivation And Performance Among Intercollegiate Gymnasts, Lisa Patricia Nesvig Jan 1977

The Relationship Between Achievement Motivation And Performance Among Intercollegiate Gymnasts, Lisa Patricia Nesvig

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to determine whether a relationship exists between an athlete’s level of achievement motivation and gymnastics meet performance. A secondary purpose was to determine if the level of achievement motivation differed between and among male and female gymnasts. The McClelland Thematic Apperception Test was administered to measure the levels of achievement motivation among male and female members of the South Dakota State University Intercollegiate Gymnastic Team. Each subject’s gymnastics meet scores served as the measure of proficiency in gymnastics. All statistical tests were conducted at the .05 level of confidence. Using the Pearson Product Moment …

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The Effects Of Mental Warm-Up On Jump Shooting Accuracy Among Selected Boys' High School Basketball Players, Thomas J. Murphy Jan 1977

The Effects Of Mental Warm-Up On Jump Shooting Accuracy Among Selected Boys' High School Basketball Players, Thomas J. Murphy

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of mental practice, as a warm-up activity, on performance in shooting accuracy as measured by success in the execution of a fifteen foot jump shot at an angle of forty-five degrees. A second purpose was to determine whether a relationship existed between the change in shooting accuracy from pre-test to post-test and academic achievement as measured by each subject’s grade point average. The subjects were sophomore and junior members of the Roncalli High School basketball team of Aberdeen, South Dakota. They were divided into two groups through the use of …

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An Analysis Of Urban Sprawl And Its Impact On Sioux Falls, South Dakota And Adjacent Areas, Robert G. Mckay Jan 1977

An Analysis Of Urban Sprawl And Its Impact On Sioux Falls, South Dakota And Adjacent Areas, Robert G. Mckay

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

It is the intention of the writer to recognize and analyze urban sprawl as a continuing process of urbanization. The general purpose of the study is to better understand the patterns of growth of urban sprawl and its impact upon future expansion. It is also intended to examine problems and benefits that are products of urban sprawl. Sioux Falls, located in the southeastern portion of South Dakota, constitutes the study area. The study examines the growth of that city during a ten year period, beginning from 1966 through 1976, It is the purpose of the study to determine the causes …

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The Distribution Of Small Mammals On Samuel H. Ordway Memorial Prairie, Richard D. Puetz Jan 1977

The Distribution Of Small Mammals On Samuel H. Ordway Memorial Prairie, Richard D. Puetz

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Factors affecting the distribution of small mammals have been investigated for many years. Environmental characteristics which correlated with rodent populations have been found to vary from specie to specie. If Ordway Prairie were homogeneous with regard to habitat, management would be relatively simple. The prairie, however, is heterogeneous in its habitat. Intuitively one could expect that management to increase or decrease a particular species could possibly affect the population levels of other beneficial species. The objectives of this study were to document the presence, relative abundance, and distribution of small mammals on S.H. Ordway Prairie. An additional objective was to …

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Value Of Farm Groves To Nesting Songbirds In Sioux County, Iowa, Dennis L. Pluimer Jan 1977

Value Of Farm Groves To Nesting Songbirds In Sioux County, Iowa, Dennis L. Pluimer

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

A two-year study (1974-1975) of birds in Sioux County, Iowa farm groves is reported. Twenty-eight groves were visited and 66 species of birds (34 breeding and 32 migrant) were observed. The number of species sighted per farm varied from 8 to 40. Grackles, starlings, and robins were the most abundant breeding birds and white-throated sparrows, Harris’ sparrows, and Myrtle warblers were the most abundant migrants. Number of species of birds per section did not depend upon the number of farms in that section. The mean number of sightings in a two farm section was 395, while the mean number of …

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The Eugene O'Neill Memorial Theatre Center's Origin, Development, And Functions, Susan Marie Peterson Jan 1977

The Eugene O'Neill Memorial Theatre Center's Origin, Development, And Functions, Susan Marie Peterson

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study, then, is to determine the origin, development, and functions of the Eugene O’Neill Memorial Theatre Center, located in Waterford, Connecticut, from its inception in 1964 through 1977. The purposes and goals will be examined as they were reflected n the initial objectives of the Center. Conclusions will be formulated concerning the pursuance of these goals or any modification of the set goals from the beginning date of the Center to the present.

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Taking Hold : A Study Of Land Acquisition, Land Ownership, And Community Development In Northeast Brookings County (1870-1916), Debra Robson Salonen Jan 1977

Taking Hold : A Study Of Land Acquisition, Land Ownership, And Community Development In Northeast Brookings County (1870-1916), Debra Robson Salonen

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The process of settlement on the American frontier has traditionally been a topic of extensive study for both geographers and historians. Especially intriguing has been the conquest of the vast treeless prairie—an environment remarkably foreign to settlers from the woodland east and Europe. Until fairly recently, however, scholars have tended to look at this process in rather general terms. Studies typically deal with large areas and base their conclusions on the assembly of widely scattered and isolated pieces of information. As John Fraser Hart states in his book. The Look of the Land, “We need far more detailed and intensive …

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The Relationship Between Maternal Satisfaction With Family Day Care And Mother And Caregiver Child Rearing Attitudes, Patricia Ellis Straub Jan 1977

The Relationship Between Maternal Satisfaction With Family Day Care And Mother And Caregiver Child Rearing Attitudes, Patricia Ellis Straub

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This study attempted to gain information related to the following questions: 1. Do the child rearing attitudes of a mother differ from the child rearing attitudes of the caregiver that she has selected for her child? 2. If the child rearing attitudes of a mother and caregiver differ, does the mother indicate less satisfaction with the child care situation than the mother whose attitudes are similar to her caregiver?

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Solvent Extraction Of Chromium By Salicylic, Thiosalicylic, And Phthalic Acids, Dennis G. Sebastian Jan 1977

Solvent Extraction Of Chromium By Salicylic, Thiosalicylic, And Phthalic Acids, Dennis G. Sebastian

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The use of salicylic, thiosalicycle, and phthalic acids as chelating agents for the extraction of Cr(III) from aqueous solution was investigated. Normal butanol was selected as a solvent due to its relatively low solubility in the aqueous phase. Heating of the metal-ligand mixture was necessary to accelerate complex formation. The efficiency of the extraction process was found to be dependent upon pH, heating duration, and the choice of buffer systems. The % extraction was reduced using some buffer systems due to the formation of non-extractable complexes with chromium. A potassium hydrogen phthalate buffer system was found to yield the highest …

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Ecological Changes On Pine-Grassland Burned In Spring, Late Spring, And Winter, Janet Ruth Schripsema Jan 1977

Ecological Changes On Pine-Grassland Burned In Spring, Late Spring, And Winter, Janet Ruth Schripsema

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The research with which this thesis is concerned will, hopefully, provide additional data to develop a proscribed fire management program with the following objectives: reduce wildfire conflagration hazards which exist because of unnatural fuel accumulation, eliminate or reduce exotic plants, invigorate stagnating prairies through reduction of litter, open up dense pine thickets, reduce forest insect problems, create firebreaks, develop a natural vegetative mosaic by preventing unnatural pine encroachment into prairies, and re-establishing pine savannahs (Shilts 1976).

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Extent And Type Of Retirement Preparation Made By Middle-Aged Women In South Dakota, Mary M. Wipf Jan 1977

Extent And Type Of Retirement Preparation Made By Middle-Aged Women In South Dakota, Mary M. Wipf

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

One purpose of this study was to examine the extent and type of preparation for retirement made by middle-age people, specifically women from 0 through 64 years of age, in South Dakota. These preparations were examined in terms of the several adjustments demands with which retired people are faced in American society. A further purpose of the study was to compare the age, level of education, and marital status of the subjects to their responses to questions dealing with the various aspects of preparation for retirement.

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An Economic Analysis Of Selected Impacts Of The Lincoln County Rural Water System, Arthur J. Young Jan 1977

An Economic Analysis Of Selected Impacts Of The Lincoln County Rural Water System, Arthur J. Young

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

There were many events leading to the development of the rural community water systems in South Dakota. These systems were instituted by state and federal legislation enabling organizations to form a political subdivision or incorporate for the purpose of distributing water in rural areas. Their development was encouraged by lean programs through the Farmers Home Administration, state government and other sources. Advances in technology, like the polyvinyl chloride pipe and new techniques for burying the pipe, reduced the cost of the systems so they became feasible in even sparsely populated areas in South Dakota. While these events make possible and …

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Studies Of The Establishment And Characterization Of Lactobacilli In The Digestive Tract Of Chickens, David Linn Voelker Jan 1977

Studies Of The Establishment And Characterization Of Lactobacilli In The Digestive Tract Of Chickens, David Linn Voelker

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

One objective of this study was to determine if the inoculation of young chicks with crop-adhering strains of lactobacilli affects the numbers of lactobacilli, fecal coliforms, and fecal streptococci in the intestinal tract. Only one known study has been conducted to identify the lactobacilli which adhere to crop cells. In this study 86% of the crop lactobacilli could not be identified as any known species. On the other hand, in a study of the types of lactobacilli present in the intestinal tract, nearly all could be classified as known species, with most identified as Lactobacillus acidophilus. These defined differences between …

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