Digital Commons Network^™

Fiscal Impact Analysis : An Aid In Growth Management Decision-Making, Wallace Scarborough Chandler

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Biface Reduction Strategies For Tuscaloosa Gravel : First Terrace Site Function In The Central Tombigbee Valley, John Clay Phillips

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Soil Studies Educational Unit And Soil Reconnaissance Survey Of Piney Woods Conservation Center, Consuelo Garcia Campos Klotz

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

A soil reconnaissance survey was conducted on 2,500 acres adjacent to Sam Rayburn Reservoir, in the Angelina National Forest, San Augustine County, the future site of the proposed Piney woods Conservation Center. Data from the soil reconnaissance survey was interpreted and organized into a soil studies educational unit to be used to familiarize teachers with a variety of soils and their properties. Five of the eight soils were integrated into the study unit which is a portion of the total outdoor education and conservation program to be developed for the Piney Woods Conservation Center.

Generation, Isolation And Assay Methods For Human Lymphocyte Mitogenic Factor, Thomas E. Seay

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Activated lymphocytes secrete many products including the lymphokine human lymphocyte mitogenic factor (HLMF). In preliminary experiments lymphocytes from peripheral blood and palatine tonsils were evaluated as possible sources of HLMF by evaluating their level of activation through screening their spontaneous and concanavalin A (con A)-induced blastogenic responses. Tonsil lymphocytes (TL) were found to have high spontaneous proliferation as compared to peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL). Cells from both sources responded to con A by undergoing a typical blastogenic response. Because TL must be obtained septically, they are frequently cultured in the presence of the antimycotic agent, Amphotericin B (Am B). Since …

Tonsil Cell Products Which Modify In Vitro Proliferation Of Blood Lymphocytes, Thomas W. Hodge

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Human palatine tonsil lymphocytes, when compared to peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL), were in an activated state even though there was no in vitro stimulation. When these tonsil lymphocytes were cultured in the absence of serum and polyclonal mitogens or antigens, the supernatant fluid often inhibited the proliferative response of target PBL to con A. The extent of this suppression ranged from 22% to 84%, and target cell viability was 90% or greater. There was no evidence for the presence of immunoglobulins or (alpha)2-macroglobulin in whole supernatant fluids. The suppressor was partially denatured at 80(DEGREES)C and was rendered completely inactive upon …

Photoinduction Of Floral Development In Hard Red Winter Wheat, Jose Ernesto Robles Wijangco

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

South Dakota is at the northern limit of winter wheat cultivation in the United States. However, it has been estimated that only 15% of the total winter wheat acreage has been planted to hardy winter wheat cultivars in this state. Records at this station indicate that grain yields of winter hardy cultivars can be 20 to 40% lower than less hardy cultivars in the absence of severe freeze stress. Low grain yields of hardy types is one reason for low preference of these phenotypes by growers. Hardy cultivars usually head late compared to less hardy ones. With late initiation of …

Carbon Metabolism Of Azospirillum Brasilense, Galina V. Vigil

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

To understand the nature of bacteria-plant associations both plant and bacterial metabolism studies are important. Research into the biochemistry of photosynthesis has revealed that besides the reductive pentose phosphate cycle, many grasses also possess the C-4 dicarboxylic acid cycle. Grasses possessing this pathway utilize their available nitrogen more efficiently in producing dry matter and fixing atmospheric C02. The general importance of the C-4 dicarboxylic acid pathway in tropical grasses had previously been widely accepted. Azospirillum spp. are thought to be mainly responsible for the nitrogen fixation that occurs in grasses. The preference of these bacteria for malate and other organic …

Genetics Of Resistance To Hessian Fly Derived From Dawn Winter Wheat In Spring Wheat Crosses, Debra Kay Steiger

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Hessian fly, Mayetiola destructor (Say), has been a serious insect pest of cornnon wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em Thell.) since it was first identified in the United States over 200 years ago. Losses are difficult to estimate due to geographical variability in populations but are large enough to characterize this pest as one of economic importance. Dahms in 1967 estimated the direct average annual loss in the United States at 15 million bushels. The last serious outbreak in the United States was reported in 1978 in the spring wheat producing regions of north central and northeastern South Dakota where conservative …

Protein Supplementation As Related To Protein Sources For Growing And Finishing Lambs, Luis Fernando Palmer

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The production of high-quality foods continues to offer an important challenge to livestock producers and animal scientists. People in many countries of the world consume diets which are inadequate in quantity and quality of nutrients. The animal industry plays a major role as a supplier of high-quality foods such as meat, milk and eggs for human nutrition. Protein is perhaps the most important nutrient provided by animal products because of its quality and availability in relation to human needs. Ruminants such as cattle and sheep have the unique ability to convert low quality feedstuffs to high quality food as animal …

Genesis And Classification Of Aquic Calciustoll Soils On The Cary Ground Moraine In Eastern South Dakota, Robert D. Nielsen

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The Cary ground moraine forms the western edge of the Coteau des Prairies. It is characterized by numerous lakes, small closed depressions and poorly drained swales. The soils which occur on the footslopes adjacent to the closed depressions and poorly drained swales often contain calcium carbonates and other soluble salts at or near the surface. An in situ investigation of the morphology and genesis of these calcium carbonate enriched soils was undertaken to determine their genesis and classification. An area in which these soils occur was selected for study and a series of observation wells were installed to monitor the …

Plants Poisonous To Livestock In Botswana, Pearl Dijeng Motsepe

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Livestock plant poisoning is very common in Botswana. Two plants, Dichapetalum cymosum and Pavetta harborii, are especially notorious for causing large-scale mortality in some areas of the country. In 1975, for instance, a D. cymosurn poisoning outbreak killed 210 cattle in east central Botswana. In the same year P. harborii caused large-scale deaths of cattle in the Mochudi area. The losses caused alarm among livestock farmers and the problem was among the issues discussed in the 1975 session of the Botswana Parliament. Because of their potency, farmers in South Africa refer to these species as "sudden death 11 plants. Unlike …

Geographically Based Selection Of Urban Street Trees For Brookings, South Dakota, James James Mikkelson

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study is to develop a systematic method of selecting tree species for urban street planting in a specific community. The city of Brookings, South Dakota, provides the physical setting for the study. Brookings is a city of 15,000 people located in the east central part of the state near the Minnesota border. As implied above, this study employs geographic methods to determine which tree species are most suitable for street planting in Brookings. The particular problems encountered in the process of selecting urban street trees are especially suited to the skills of the geographer. Carl Sauer …

Immunotoxic Effects Of Pentachlorophenol In Mice, Linda J. Lee

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The objectives of this investigation was to determine the effects of ingested pentachlorophenol (PCP) on immunological parameters in mice. Specific immunotoxic effects of PCP were determined using the results of total and differential white blood cell counts, electrophoretic serum protein profiles, hemagglutination antibody titers, Jerne plaque assays of antibody-forming cells, and lymphocyte stimulation assays. Combined ~vivo effects were ascertained by observing any alteration in the susceptibility of mice when challenged by a Gram negative pathogen. The diverse industrial and agricultural application of pentachlorophenol results in the exposure of a large fraction of the population to this pesticide. It is used …

The Effects Of Excess Arginine On Lysine Utilization In Rats And Swine, David L. Hagemeier

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The objective of adding supplemental protein to swine diets is to provide the levels of available essential amino acids and nitrogen necessary for maximum protein synthesis in the pig. Lysine has been determined to be the limiting amino acid in many swine diets. Thus, the real objective of protein supplementation is to provide the amount of lysine necessary for maximum protein synthesis, and if this objective is met the requirements for the other essential amino acids and nitrogen will generally be met. Since swine diets are formulated to meet the lysine requirement of the pig, it is necessary to derive …

Farm-Scale Production Of Fuel Ethanol And Distillers' Wet Grains From Corn And Corn-Whey Mixtures, William Ray Gibbons

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Since the Arab oil embargo of 1973, we have become increasingly aware of the finite nature of our petroleum supplies. Current studies estimate that our supplies of petroleum will be depleted in the next 25 to 50 years. As supplies diminish and prices rise, we will need alternate forms of energy to take up the slack. One of the leading alternatives is the use of biomass in the production of liquid fuel that is, conversion of cellulose, starch, glucose, or other carbohydrates to ethanol. In the United States, the fuel ethanol industry is still in its infancy. Approximately a dozen …

Effect Of Ammonia On Post-Diapause Western Corn Rootworm Eggs And Larvae, Karen Cameron

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Corn rootworms are the major economic insect pests of corn produced in the Midwest. Economic loss to the grower is through yield reduction caused by larval and adult damage and the cost of insecticidal control measures. Larval damage to corn roots is by tunneling in the roots and damage to the cortical parenchyma. Most of this damage occurs in late June and in early July. Brace root feeding by the larvae can cause the plant to lodge. Adults also damage corn by feeding-on all above ground portions with primary damage to silks and tassels. This feeding disrupts pollination resulting in …

The Occurrence And Effects Of Entomophaga Grylli On Grasshopper Populations In South Dakota, Roger Allen Bohls

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The effect of Entomophaga grylli on grasshopper populations within South Dakota was investigated during a 2-year period. Field observations established that the state's 3 most important species of grasshoppers are susceptible to pathotype 2 infections. Outbreaks are believed to be initiated annually from the soil of undisturbed areas which act as the reservior for Entomophaga grylli resting spores. The occurrence of the fungus in regions of the state receiving 355 mm of rain during the growing season indicate pathotype 2 infection is maintained in dry environments. However, detailed epizootiol ogical studies of the fungus are needed before the potential of …

Mammal Damage And Movements Of Deer Mice In South Dakota Shelterbelts, Thomas G. Barnes

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

A study was initiated to examine animal damage to new shelterbelts in Brookings County, South Dakota. Feeding preferences of deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus) prairie voles (Microtus ochragaster), and cottontail rabbits (Sylvilagus floridanus) was conducted on 5 woody species that colIIIllonly occur in South Dakota shelterbelts. Movementsof deer mice were studied in a mature shelterbelt using a smoked kymograph tracking technique. Green ash (Fraxinus pennsylvanica Marsh.), tatarian honeysuckle (Lonicera tatarica L. ),, and common lilac (Syringa vulgaris L.) were the most common tree species encountered in this study. Of the trees examined, 398 (8. 9%) sustained animal damage over the winter. …

Great Blue Heron Nesting Biology And Habitat Use On The James River In South Dakota, Eileen M. Dowd

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Breeding biology, nest site activities, and habitat use of great blue herons (Ardea herodias) nesting in the Glendale heronry, South Dakota, were investigated in 1980 and 1981. Mean brood size was 3.35 nestlings. The predicted number of feeding trips of adult birds peaked when nestlings were 29 days old. A significant amount of variance in adult feeding trips per hour was accounted for by southerly winds and the time period from 1800-2100 hours. The variables that were not significantly related to the number of feeding trips were temperature, wind speed, wind directions other than south, cloud cover, and the 4 …

Distribution, Movement, And Temperature Selection Of Adult Walleye And Muskellunge In A Power Plant Cooling Reservoir, Jerry A. Younk

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Distribution and habitat selection of five adult walleyes (Stizostedion vitreum vitreum) and one adult muskellunge (Esox masquinongy), in a power plant cooling reservoir, were determined using temperature-sensitive ultrasonic transmitters, A total of 342 locations were obtained during the monitoring period (1 May-13 November 1981). Walleyes exhibited a seasonal distribution pattern; inhabiting the discharge area during the cooler months and the intake area during the warmer months, Summer-fall home ranges of three walleyes were estimated, Maximum home ranges (maximum area covered by an individual) were overlapping and similar in size, ranging from 36, 7-45, 9 ha, Estimates of utilized areas (intensively …

Aquatic Plant Communities And Invertebrates In A Prairie Pothole During Duck Brood Rearing, Jeffrey W. Mccrady

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

More than 1,100 samples of aquatic plants and associated invertebrates were collected in a prairie wetland. Sampling was done weekly throughout the duck brood rearing season. Linear regression revealed a 4 to 100 ratio of animal to plant biomass (R²=0.488). Comparatively high degrees of association were found between Ceratophyllum demersum and Gastropoda and between Lemna minor and most zooplankton groups. Significant sources of variation in invertebrate biomass were plant communities, date, plants, and community by date interaction. Depth and communities were not significant.

Food Habits And Placental Scar Counts Of Bobcats In South Dakota, David Eric Nomsen

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Bobcat (Lynx rufus) food habits and placental scar counts were investigated in western South Dakota during 1978-79 and 1979-80 trapping and hunting seasons. Food habits were recorded by frequency of occurrence and placental scar counts were used to determine litter size for South Dakota bobcats. Rabbits (Sylvilagus spp. and Lepus spp.), rats and mice (primarily Microtus spp. and Peromyscus spp.), and deer (Odocoileus spp.) were identified in 56, 32, and 7% of bobcat stomachs, respectively. Analysis showed that rabbits, rats and mice, and deer occurred in 58, 36, and 9% of bobcat intestines, respectively. Occurrences in rabbits decreased from 67% …

Movements And Habitats Of Brood-Rearing Wood Ducks On A Prairie River, Randy L. Smith

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Radio telemetry and brood surveys were used to evaluate wood duck (Aix sponsa) brood habitat and movements along 40 km of the Big Sioux River in eastern South Dakota during 1979-81. Most of the oxbows and nearby wetlands in the study area contained water in 1979-80, but drought dried all but 2 of the 33 oxbows in 1981. Fourteen brood hens were radio monitored. In 1980, 4 hens utilized oxbows, 1 hen utilized the river, and 2 hens used other habitats for brood rearing. In 1981, 4 hens utilized oxbows, 2 hens utilized the river, and 1 hen utilized the …

Assessment Of The Impact Of The European Corn Borer At Three Locations In South Dakota, David R. Raemisch

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The European corn borer (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) varies as an

economically significant pest in South Dakota from south to north. In

the northern part of the state the European corn borer (ECB) is limited

to one generation per year. In contrast, there are localized sites

along the Missouri River in southern South Dakota which usually

experience a substantial second brood population. Infestation by

either first or second brood ECB occurs at different stages in the

developmental sequence of the corn plant. As such, each brood must be

considered separately when assessing relationships between yield loss

and ECB larval cavities within the …

Blood Ethoprop Retention And Interaction, Ebenezer Bonsu Asafu-Adjaye

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

0-ethyl-S, S-dipropyl phosphorodithioate, technically known as Ethoprop, is a newly introduced insecticide-nematicide manufactured by Mobil Corporation. It is applied directly to the soil where it is believed to exercise a broad spectrum, non-fumigant effect. It has good soil movement and residual properties, and has been used to control rootworms, cutworms, ·nematodes, wireworms, flea beetles and symphylans in corn, tobacco, potatoes, peanuts, bananas, and other crops. The uses of ethoprop are primarily agricultural, thus most of the work done on it to elucidate its properties has been in that area. The little research that has been performed on the biological properties …

Growth Hormone Variability And Its Predictive Value In Beef Females, Thomas W. Lingscheit

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Endocrine influence on metabolism determines the rate and extent of growth of an animal. A thorough understanding of hormones and their influence is necessary to the meat animal industry for advancement of efficient production to supply a growing world demand for food. Many hormones affect metabolism, but growth hormone (GH) appears to have one of the smallest fluctuations in circulating levels. Previous research indicates nonsignificant changes in plasma growth hormone (GH) due to season, circadian rhythm or level of nutrient intake. Factors that have been identified a s influencing GH level are sex, age, roughage content of the diet, breed, …

The Response Of The Face Fly (Musca Automnalis) To Seasonal Changes In Manure Quality, Timothy James Lysyk

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The face fly is a major pest of cattle in East Central South Dakota. The female fly feeds on the faces of cattle and lays eggs in freshly deposited manure. Preference is shown for the manure of animals fed grass. The egg and larval stages are spent in the manure, and the mature larvae migrate to the surrounding substrate to pupate. While in the pats, the face fly stages present have been shown to be sensitive to a number of physical, chemical and biotic factors. The manure pat acts as both a source of food and as a habitat for …

A Follow-Up Study Of South Dakota State University's Health Physical Education And Recreation Department's Master's Degree Program Graduates From 1955-1980, Byron J. Palsma

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to describe the status of South Dakota State· University's Health, Physical Education and Recreation Department's master's degree program graduates from 1955 to 1980. With the exception of standard record-keeping, the Health, Physical Education and Recreation Department of South Dakota State University has accumulated very little organized information of its master's degree program graduates. Four unpublished master's degree theses written at SDSU, three from the HPER Department and one in the area of journalism, may have indirectly provided some information of these graduates to department personnel. Hill performed a status study of South Dakota State …

Demographic Characteristics Of Donors To South Dakota State University Athletics, Keith Warren Randklev

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

While the SDSU Director of Development is responsible for all fund-raising activities involving SDSU, the athletic department's effort is an independent endeavor administered by the athletic director. All activities of the athletic department involving fund-raising are coordinated with those of the Development Office. As the athletic programs continue to feel the effects of inflation and financial demands continue to sap the athletic budget, fund-raising efforts for athletics remain vital. Efforts for voluntary financial support have become more competitive on our society. Fundraising has been recognized as a big business that demands a well-planned, forward-moving program that is constantly being re-evaluated …

A Short-Run Economic Analysis Of Some Factors Influencing The Supply Of Beef-Cattle At Auctions In South-Eastern Botswana, 1976-1980, Kene Patrick Cyril Sinombe

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Auction sales provide a major cattle marketing outlet for farmers in Botswana. There were 5,740 cattle auctioned in the South-eastern part of Botswana in 1976. This number represented 16% of the total export off-take from the area. The main market outlet for slaughter beef is through direct marketing of cattle to the Botswana Meat Commission (BMC) abattoir. The BMC, an export monopoly beef marketing board, sets prices and cattle buyers country-wide adjust them to derive producer prices, because they finally sell cattle to the BMC. The BMC price plays a major role in deriving producer prices at auction sales yards. …