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Hydraulic Geometry Of Channel Networks : Tests Of Scaling Invariance, Eduardo Esteban Cadavid

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

The Pharmacologic And Toxicologic Effects Of Di(Phenylisopropyl) Amine (Dpia) In Rats And Mice, Hailu Ketema

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

The Effects Of Smoking On Discriminative Force Emission In Humans, Michael J. Klitzke

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Organic Matter Budget And Factors Affecting Primary Productivityin Sardis Reservoir, Mississippi, Cindy Lee Crist

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Assimilatory Nitrate Reduction In Azospirillum Brasilense Sp7 : Mutants And Expression Of The Genes In Escherichia Coli Recombinant Strains, Kang-Yell Choi

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The intensive study of A. brasilense that has been undertaken is due in part to the desire of microbiologists to understand its nitrogen metabolism. A. brasilense can perform all of the reactions of the nitrogen cycle except for nitrification, however, the details are not yet completely understood on any of the processes. In agriculture, A. brasilense not only supplies fixed nitrogen and nutrient to cereals; but also it significantly contributes to the loss of nitrogen from the soil by denitrification. Enormous amounts of fixed nitrogen are unfortunately lost from the soil to the atmosphere by this denitrification. The elucidation of …

Development Of An Analytical Method For The Trace Determination Of Mycophenolic Acid By High Performance Liquid Chromatography Following Extraction Of The Compound From Feedstuffs, Tesfamichael Zeccarias Kahsai

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Mycophenolic acid is toxic to animals consuming it beyond a certain level and possesses antitumor activity. Not many methods for its trace analysis in feedstuffs and agricultural products have been reported. Thus, it is desirable to develop a standard analytical technique for such important compounds. The purpose of this investigation is to develop a technique or method sensitive enough to determine trace quantities of the compound. The method developed is based on solvent extraction from feedstuffs and detection by high performance liquid chromatography. Solvent extraction methods have given good results with low background interferences when cleaned up by column chromatography …

The Relationship Between Selected Social And Environmental Factors And Cancer Mortality By Planning District In South Dakota, 1960-1980, Mansour Haghighatian

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This paper investigated the association between selected social and environmental factors and age and sex-specific cancer mortality by planning district in South Dakota for 1960 to 1980. Social factors included median family income, percent of families in poverty, education, and urbanization. Environmental factors included herbicide use, pesticide use, and fertilizer use. Selected demographic variables, such as age, sex, and race were uses as control variables. Modernization theory was chosen as ·the conceptual framework. It was asserted that as the United States industrialized, standard of living also rose, and a shift from communicable diseases to degenerative illnesses as major causes of …

Synthesis And Biological Evaluation Of 1,2,4-Thiadiazolin-3-One1,1-Dioxides As Potential Anticonvulsants, David W. Morton

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Characterization Of The Binding Of M-Amsa, A Potent Antitumor Agent, To Nucleic Acids, Rebecca Lyn Haney Elmore

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Quantitation Of Teratogenic Effects Of 5-Fluorouracil Administered To Mice In Vivo Or In Submerged Limb Culture, Theresa A. Sanders

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This study demonstrates the use of submerged limb culture in teratologic testing. Pregnant mice were treated on day 11 of gestation (E11, plug date = E0) with 10, 20 or 40 mg of 5-fluorouracil (FU) per kg body weight. On E17, treated and untreated fetuses were examined for gross malformations and were fixed in 95% ethanol. Reduction of limb size and digital defects, including ectrodactyly (ED), syndactyly (SD), microdactyly and polydactyly were dose-dependent. In parallel studies, pregnant mice were treated on the morning of E11 and embryos were removed either 7h (E11) or 24h (E12) later for submerged limb culture. …

Purification And Characterization Of An Inhibitor Of Thymidine Uptake From Culture Supernatants Of Human Tonsil Lymphocytes, Abdolreza Zarnegar

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Lymphocytes from human tonsils were cultured in the absence of serum for 3 days. In the presence of the concentrated culture supernatant the proliferative response of PBL, to con A, as measured by the uptake of ('3)H-tdr, was significantly reduced. The suppressor substance was referred to as SMAL (suppressor of mitogen activated lymphocytes). The estimated molecular weight of SMAL under nondenaturing conditions was 100,000-300,000. SMAL also suppressed the incorporation of ('3)H-tdr by a variety of mouse and human tumor cell lines. The activity of SMAL was sensitive to pronase and heating at 100(DEGREES)C for 30 minutes but insensitive to RNase. …

Adaptation Of Striped Bass To Sea Water Following Direct Transfer From Freshwater: Morphological, Biochemical, And Physiological Parameters, Judy A. King

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

There has been heightened interest in the biology of striped bass (Morone saxatilis) because of increased pollution in their native spawning grounds and because of their extensive use in landlocked sport fisheries. Their euryhalinity makes them an excellent species for osmoregulation studies. The objective of this research was to study the rate of adaptation of striped bass gills to sea water (3% salt) after direct transfer from freshwater using biochemical (ion transport enzyme levels), physiological (chloride efflux), and ultrastructural methods. Striped bass have specialized osmoregulatory cells located on the interlamellar and afferent surfaces of their gill filaments as shown by …

First Year Growth And Survival Of Walleyes In Power Plant Evaporation And Holding Reservoirs, Michael P. Faler

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Walleyes (Stizostedion vitreum) were stocked at a rate of 88 fish/hectare in two South Dakota power plant reservoirs and their growth and survival were monitored for one year. Length, weight, and survival of walleyes were significantly (P < 0.05) different between the two reservoirs. The walleyes attained a mean length of 230 mm (range 192 - 265 mm) in the Evaporation Reservoir and 205 mm (range 177-250 mm) in the Holding Reservoir. Mean weights attained by the fish were 104 g (range 65 - 165 g) in the Evaporation Reservoir and 89 g (range 48 - 135 g) in the Holding Reservoir. The growth rates of walleyes in the two reservoirs were inversely related to survival and standing crops. Walleye survival in the Evaporation Reservoir was 1.5% (0.95 C.L., 0.9 - 2.8%) with a standing crop of 0.13 kg/hectare, whereas survival in the Holding Reservoir was 17.2% (0.95 c,L., 13.5 - 22.9%) with a standing crop of 1.33 kg/ hectare. Walleye standing crop estimates, calculated in terms of weight of fish per volume of water beneath the ice, -were similar in the two reservoirs1 standing crops were 0.06 kg/1000 m3 in the Evaporation Reservoir, and 0.08 kg/1000 m3 in the Holding Reservoir. Estimated forage fish standing crops were 1 .21 kg/hectare in the Evaporation Reservoir and 1.91 kg/hectare in the Holding Reservoir.

Impacts Of Stocking Herbivorous Fishes For Aquatic Macophyte Removal Upon South Dakota Ponds, John Christopher Young

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Aquatic macrophyte removal by herbivorous fishes was investigated to determine changes in the predator-prey relationship of largemouth bass, Micropterus salmoides, and bluegills, Lepomis macrochirus, stocked into 15 prairie ponds. Monosex grass carp, Ctenopharyngodon idella, and hybrid grass carp, Ctenopharyngodon idella x Hypophthalmicthys nobilis, were each stocked at a rate of 247 fish/hectare into five study ponds. Largemouth bass and bluegills were each stocked into 12 study ponds at 247 fish/hectare in July, and 1235 fish/hectare in September, 1984, respectively. Additional largemouth bass were stocked at a rate of 247 fish/hectare into nine study ponds in July, 1985. Conductivity was the …

Evaluation Of Largemouth Bass And Bluegill Stocking Strategies In South Dakota Ponds, David M. Gilbraith

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Three fish-stocking methods were evaluated to determine the effects of stocking density and chronology on largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) and bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus) survival, growth, and reproductive success during 1983-1985. Two densities of split-stocking largemouth bass with bluegills were compared to the simultaneous introduction of both species. First-year largemouth bass survival was low and variable among treatments. Survival of largemouth bass ranged from 0-85% and averaged 25% among treatments. Bluegill survival, for the first and second years combined, ranged from 0-60% and averaged 22% among two split-stocking treatments. Thirty-six percent of study ponds experienced at least partial winterkill during the …

Phosphoramidates : Metal Ion Catalyzed Ligand Exchange, Paula R. Andenas

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Our studies entail the use of a model system, the 2-substituted-5-chloromethyl-5-methyl-2-oxo-1,3,2-dioxaphosphorinan whose chemistry has been outlined in a number of publications. A phosphorian ring system is found in cyclic AMP and is the central structural feature of cyclophosphamides, which are anticancer drugs. The goal of our research project is to study the effect of metal ions in methanolysis of phosphorus (V) substrates. We have attempted to answer which metal ions are effective as catalysts and their relative efficiency. In the study of these problems, we are examining catalytic specificity of the displacement of specific ligands. The stereochemistry of the reaction, …

Abscisic Acid And Tissue Desiccation Alters Ribonuclease I Activity In Winter Barley Without Cold Acclimation, James Valentine Anderson

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This research was initiated to obtain additional information about the causes for phenotypic variation of RNase I activity within winter barley cultivars. Unpublished data from this laboratory shows that antibody produced from RNase I obtained from two cultivars was mutually cross-reactive with antigen from the two cultivars of winter barley. The difference seen in RNase I activity between cultivars which can not be explained by the amount of RNase present may have similarities to that of inactive or incomplete forms of certain enzymes found in sec B mutants. Ferra-Novick et al. reported such sec B mutants as having early inactive …

Factors Influencing Grey Seed Weevil Smicronyx Sordidus (Lec.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) Infestation And Survival, Matthew E. Byers

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Cultivated sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) is an economically important crop in the United States and South Dakota. Native to North America, oil seed varieties of cultivated sunflower are second only to soybeans as a source of vegetable oil. Sunflower seed harvested for both oil and confection in South Dakota was 59,711 hectares (ha) in 1975. This hectarage has increased, stabilized, and during the last six years, has averaged 218,600 ha per year. Sunflower production, however in Minnesota and North Dakota, has decreased during this same period. Sunflower breeding efforts and hybrid development have reached the point where cultivated sunflower has …

Reciprocal Ovary Transplantation As A Means To Study Reproductive Function In Female Lethal Yellow Mice (A̲Y̲/A̲: C57bl/6j), Gerald Alan Dickens

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The first study was conducted to determine whether the previously observed reproductive failures in aging obese lethal yellow (AY/a) females are due primarily to: (1) intrinsic defects within AY/a ovaries or (2) systemic defects extrinsic to AY/a ovaries such as sites within the hypothalamus or pituitary gland. A second experiment was conducted to assess uterine capacity in AY/a females. In order to accurately measure uterine capacity in AY/a females, it was necessary to separate uterine effects from embryo (AY/a) effects. Thus by conducting the appropriate ovary transplantations, one could test uterine capacity in AY/a females in the absence of AY/a …

Development Of An In Vivo Model To Determine The Biological Value Of Microbial Protein, Thomas A. Fritz

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The ruminant's ability to convert low quality and non-protein nitrogen (NPN) to high quality protein is as important as their ability to utilize cellulosic feeds. This unique characteristic will continue to be exploited in the future with increasing emphasis being placed on noncompetitive feedstuffs. There has been considerable progress in developing alternative energy sources in beef cattle diets. There has not been the same success in replacing dietary high quality preformed proteins with urea or other NPN sources in most production situations. The complexity of the digestive system in ruminants is well recognized by all who work with diet formulation …

Soil Degradation Comparisons Of Corn Rootworm Insecticides In The Field And Laboratory, Michael J. Haas

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The ability of a pesticide to provide the desired level of control may be lost or diminished after repeated soil applications with the same chemical. The microbial population of the soil may develop the capacity to rapidly degrade a-compound to which it has been repeatedly exposed. This loss of persistence due to rapid degradation of a compound by an adapted microbial population is known as enhanced microbial degradation, or enhanced biodegradation. In 1949 Audus showed that failure of 2,4-D to control weeds in soil receiving prior applications was due to a microbiological factor which rapidly degraded the compound. The loss …

Differentiation Of Pigment Granules And Tyrosinase Analyses In The Hair Follicle Pigment Cells Of Lethal Yellow And Nonagouti Mice, Robert A. Japs

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The lethal yellow gene (Ay) located on chromosome two of the mouse (Mus musculus) represents the top dominant of the agouti series. It was first described by Cuenot in 1905 as being lethal in the homozygous (Ay/Ay) state. These (Ay/Ay) embryos encounter abnormalities at the morula or blastocyst stage and die early during the sixth day of gestation when the trophectoderm comes in contact with the uterine epithelium at implantation. Other abnormalities of the Ay gene besides the yellow coat color include its association with the stimulation of normal body growth, obesity, a diabetes like syndrome and sterility. In addition …

Characterization Of Monoclonal Antibodies To The Nebraska Strain Of Bovine Coronavirus, Jeanie Marie Lembke

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to develop and characterize a panel of monoclonal ·antibodies specific for epitopes on the Nebraska strain of bovine coronavirus (BCV). The hybridomas were prepared by fusion of spleen cells from BALB/c mice hyperimmunized with BCV and from SP2/0Ml, NS-1, and P3-X63-Ag8.653 myeloma cell lines. Seven hybridoma clones were derived from the fusions. The immunoglobulin isotype IgGl was the most common antibody produced by the hybridomas. BALB/c mice were inoculated with hybridorna cells to produce ascitic fluids. Assays were performed on the ascitic fluids to determine which biological functions of the bovine coronavirus virions were …

Custer State Park : An Area Study, Craig L. Morgan

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This thesis is a systematic geographic analysis of Custer State Park. Because Custer State Park has definite geopolitical boundaries. this study is limited to that particular political region in the Black Hills. The systematic study of this area is not limited to one criterion such as location, climate or human occupance. Rather, it incorporates the sum total of all the criteria included in a traditional regional study. Custer State Park is located in the southern portion of the Black Hills of western South Dakota. Described by numerous authors as an "is land of green in a vast sea of grass," …

Laboratory Evaluation Of The Theory Of Catenary Irrigation Trail Tubes, Abbas Toghiani-Pozveh

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Water shortage and high energy cost have promoted the concept of a trail tube irrigation system. Trail tubes are perforated polyethylene hoses, which can be used to replace sprinklers on a center pivot irrigation system for water and energy conservation. A theory on the hydraulics of catenary trail tubes was developed by Chu (1986). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the catenary trail tube theory under laboratory conditions. Perforation flow rate, elevation and pressure were measured on three trail tubes in the laboratory. Tube flow rate, velocity head and friction loss along the tube were calculated from measured …

Effects Of The Lethal Yellow Gene (C57bl/6j;A̲Y̲) On Uterine Capacity And Ovarian Hypertrophy Following Unilateral Ovariectomy In Mice, Mary Ann Schoessler

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The lethal yellow allele, AY is a mouse mutation which manifests itself in a number of defects. Several studies have used AY as a subject since it was first described in 1905 by Cuenot. Despite these investigations, primary genetic and molecular lesions associated with AY remain unknown. Cuenot reported three aberrant phenotypic aberrations caused by AY: yellow coat color, obesity, and lethality in homozygous embryos (AY/AY). Bray and York reviewed a number of additional AY-induced abnormalities, one of which is AY-induced reproductive senescence. Reproductive failure of AY/-mice is the main emphasis of this thesis. Through investigation of the causes of …

Ozonation Pilot Treatment Of A Surface Water Supply: Ancillary Studies, Fairmont, Minnesota, Brian Lee Hoellein

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This thesis is part of an investigation to determine the feasibility of using ozonation to control odors from the Fairmont municipal water supply. The primary source of water for Fairmont is

Budd Lake. Odors develop in this lake water from the decomposition of organic matter such as algae and vegetation. Ozone was applied to the water at dosages of approximately 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8, 12, 16, 20 and 24 mg/1 at contact times of 2.5, 5, 20 and 30 minutes using a continuous-flow ozonation pilot system Odor intensities of these waters were then measured in terms of Threshold Odor …

In Vivo And In Vitro Effects Of Hydralazine On Cellular Growth, Differentiation And Chromatin Structure, Allen John Fasbender

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Hydralazine has been used medicinally as an antihypertensive since 1952. Within two years after its introduction to clinical medicine, an unusual set of symptoms was noted in a significant portion of patients. This set of symptoms resembled those symptoms observed in idiopathic systemic lupus erythematosus. The fundamental problem underlying this drug-related systemic lupus erythematosus is autoimmune in nature. Hydralazine produces a characteristic profile of anti-nuclear antibodies that is unique from that present in idiopathic systemic lupus erythematosus. Other drugs such as procainamide and isoniazid have also been associated with drug-related systemic lupus erythematosus. Interestingly, these drugs differ in the antinuclear …

A Comparison Of Osmotic Adjustment And Activity Of Cell Wall Associated Enzymes During Short-Term Drought In Winter Wheat, Russell William Gesch

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

A study was conducted in South Dakota to examine the affects of weather on growth and production of agronomic crops. Over a 17-year period of climatic variables were collected on a daily basis and put into weekly means values. It was reported that a frequent cause of loss for winter cereals was in early spring, when the conditions of extreme fluctuations of temperature and the rehydration state of the tissue affected survival. Osmotic adjustment is one metabolically controlled process that is compatible with the timeframe of weather change during this period which might ameliorate the adverse affects of excess free …

Process Parameters For Separate-Stage Nitrification Activated Sludge Systems In Cold Environments, Kenneth T. Scheffler

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The Brookings Wastewater Treatment Facility is authorized by a National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) Permit No. SD-002338 to discharge treated wastewater to the Big Sioux River. A summary of this permit can be found in Table 1. To provide proof of compliance with the NPDES Permit, periodic sampling and analyses of the treated effluent is required. Primary sample points at the Brookings Wastewater Treatment Plant (BWWTP) are located a at the influent to establish raw wastewater concentrations and at the effluent to determine compliance with NPDES Permit discharge parameters. This sampling regime also provides information on the overall plant …