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A Comparative Analysis Of The Skills And Satisfaction Of Teenagers Taught Decision-Making Models, John T. Chapman

Dissertations

This study was designed to measure the effectiveness of two generic types of decision-making models currently used to teach high school students decision-making.

Models that were used in this study were a deductive and an inductive model. Deductive decision-making is the philosophical process, that is a generalization of personal values to specific choice items. Induction is the scientific process; students consider a series of specific items and generalize a decision from the examinations.

Effectiveness in this study was defined as the process skills and student satisfaction with the methods. Individual student differences that were considered in the study were grades, …

A Nonvocal Method For Teaching Reading And Spelling To The Deaf, Amy A. Barmeier

Dissertations

Teaching reading and spelling to the deaf requires materials and methods which compensate for the two problems of the deaf child. The first is that the deaf typically have a small verbal history in either the sign language or lipreading modes. The second is that the deaf cannot identify unknown written words by phonetically sounding them out. In comparison, the hearing child has sophisticated sounding out skills and an extensive auditory-vocal history.

The seven experiments in this research investigated a method for teaching vocabulary comprehension and spelling to the deaf which assumed neither a verbal history with respect to the …

Peer Training Of High-Risk Low-Frequency Staff Behaviors In An Institutional Setting, Richard Aart Van Den Pol

Dissertations

Four experienced and four newly employed psychiatric attendants were assessed on their performance of three high-risk low-frequency behaviors during simulated emergencies. The three skills measured were Convulsive Seizure Management, Fire Safety Procedures, and Self-Defense. Each of the behaviors directly affected the safety and well-being of staff and retarded residents of the facility. The experienced employees, labelled "Trainers", received a series of workshops on how to perform and teach the requisite skills to other staff. Following each workshop, according to a multiple baseline across skills experimental design, the Trainers each taught one new staff member, labelled "Trainee" how to perform the …

College Students' Attitudes Toward Affirmative Action Policies For Non-Whites And Women, Susan Ann C. Tong

Dissertations

This research was designed to assess college students' attitudes toward affirmative action policies for non-whites and women. As suggested by a review of the literature, five hypotheses were posited as possible factors related to attitudes toward antidiscrimination public policies. In addition, seven demographic variables were examined as control variables.

This study indicated that the majority of respondents were most in favor of equal opportunity and least in favor of discrimination-in-reverse. However, there were significant differences toward affirmative action based on the race and sex of the respondents. Non-whites overwhelmingly supported discrimination-in-reverse and did not favor equal opportunity. The converse was …

The Interpersonal Dimensions Of Depression As Differentiated By Cognitive Style, Frederick Tobias Sulier

Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between field dependence-independence cognitive style and the interpersonal behavior of depressives. The interpersonal behavior of depressives ranges from passive and withdrawn to hostile and aggressive. This wide variety of depressed interpersonal behavior has not been satisfactorily explained by research or clinical observation.

Reseach results have indicated that field dependent (FD) and field independent (FI) people differ in their interpersonal behavior. Nondepressed FD people are often oriented towards people, whereas nondepressed FI people are usually oriented away from other people. It was hypothesized that these interpersonal orientations would also apply to …

The Effects Of Self-Management Training On Fluid Compliance In Hemodialysis Patients, Glen Roland Peterson

Dissertations

Seventeen adult, chronic hemodialysis out-patients were assessed on measures of: Compliance, beliefs about their health, and depression. The Multidimensional Health Locus of Control Scale was used to assess Internal Locus of Control (LOC), Chance LOC, or Powerful Other LOC. An assessment instrument was developed by the author using the Health Belief Model, and was administered to all subjects. This was designed to give a numerical value to patients' beliefs about the severity of their illness, beliefs about their susceptibility to the consequences of noncompliance, beliefs about the benefits of compliance, beliefs about the barriers that might stand in the way …

Psychophysics Of Reinforcement Delay, Larry A. Morse

Dissertations

Various models have been used to describe the nature of the relation between reinforcement delay and relative response rate. Delay has been incorporated as one aspect of reinforcement within the matching law which states that the relative response rates in concurrent schedules will equal the relative immediacy of the reinforcement. A variation of matching applicable in concurrent-chain schedules states that the relative rates of responding in the initial links will match the relative reduction in the average delay to reinforcement correlated with the entry to each terminal link. The momentary maximizing position states that the molar matching relation is a …

The Evaluation Of Beginning Therapist Effectiveness Using Karon's Thematic Apperception Test Pathogenesis Index: A Psychological Approach, Catherine Rae Miller

Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to determine the applicability of Karon's Pathogenesis Index as a selection measure for persons entering graduate programs in the mental health field. The fundamental problem generating the research was the need for such selection indicators because of the present inadequacy of personality measures which adequately discriminate between those who have the capacity to become competent therapists and those who do not.

Analysis of the literature revealed many attempts to delineate those characteristics which defined a competent therapist. However, the results were mixed. Only one study VandenBos and Karon (1971) clearly identified a personality variable …

Ascribed Status And Suspension: The Mitigative Effects Of Family Normative Climate, Kathryn Mary Johnson

Dissertations

Assessed in this study were the effects of perceived normative climate within the home on school suspension, under varying conditions of ethnicity and social class. The guiding objective of this investigation was to determine whether certain perceived family academic normative climates can reduce or eliminate the commonly found association of socio-economic status or minority-nonminority status with suspension from school.

The contention herein is that the literature on family climate in general has application for the study of suspension. In order to do this, however, a conceptual typology of various types of normative climate, drawn from a symbolic interactionist perspective, is …

Women’S Roles And Vulnerability To Depression, Monika Johanna Haussmann

Dissertations

In this study, social-psychological variables were explored in the etiology of depression in women. Depression was examined as a function of undesirable life events, occupational and marital roles, and four vulnerability variables: (a) high relational and low direct achieving style, (b) dominance of partner, (c) powerlessness, and (d) negative attitudes toward feminism. The purpose of the study was to examine whether women in varying occupational and marital status groups would differ in degree of depression, proposed vulnerability variables, and selected background variables. The relationship of vulnerability and background variables to depression was explored.

It was hypothesized that vulnerability variables and …

Analysis Of Oscillations In Nonlinear Systems Using Multiple Input Describing Functions, Frederic Lee Swern

Dissertations

Sufficient conditions for oscillation as well as absence of oscillations are presented for a class of systems containing one lumped linear element and a differentiable nonlinearity. The results are obtained by estimating the error inherent in using a describing function analysis. Contraction type arguments are used to show common topological properties of the describing function solution and the balance of first harmonic terms of the system.

After discussing the describing function method, two theorems are presented regarding existence or nonexistence of oscillations from homotopic considerations. A graphical method for examining systems with power law nonlinearities is given using a parameter …

Deposition Of Particles In Vertical Conduits Due To Electrostatic Charge, Diffusion, And Gravity, Melvin Wilbur Gelber

Dissertations

This investigation was made to determine the effect on the deposition of fine particles in a vertical channel and in a vertical tube due to the influences of electrostatic charge, diffusion, and gravity acting in the direction of flow. The flow considered was laminar, incompressible and steady.

The governing equations for the fluid phase were derived from the Navier-Stokes equation and the continuity equation while the equations for the particle phase were derived from Poisson's potential equation and the continuity equation. Since the governing equations are non-linear partial differential equations the solutions were developed using numerical methods.

The flow patterns …

Mathematical Modeling And Analytical Solutions Of Dissolved Oxygen And Biochemical Oxygen Demand Profiles Under Three-Dimensional, Unsteady-State Conditions, Uing Woong Kim

Dissertations

Mathematical models describing the temporal and spatial distribution of Dissolved Oxygen (DO) and Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) for both pervious and impervious channel conditions in 3-dimensions have been constructed, and their analytical solutions were obtained. The solutions were implemented through the application of a digital computer, and their results are presented.

It has been found that there are significant differences in terms of DO and BOD distribution with respect to time and space in relatively deep and wide channels, thus necessitating the use of a 3-D, unsteady-state model.

Investigations Of Gate Turn-Off Structures, Hans Werner Becke

Dissertations

Research and Development was done on gate turn-off devices. The aim was i) to improve turn-off capability without compromise of turn-on, on-state, and useful temperature range, ii) to implement "safe" turn-off.

A) The dependence of the electrical device characteristics on cathode width for an optimized vertical structure was determined. Fall times of 100 to 200 nsec and risetimes of <400 nsec were simultaneously obtained for average current densities of 53 A/cm² @ T_j = 125°C. From spreading resistance analysis the fast t_r and t_f response is shown to be a consequence of proper Au-distribution in the active device volume.

From transient analysis it is concluded that for safe …

Statistical Averaging In Position Determination By Holography Under Turbulence Conditions, Paul Aloysius Mcgovern

Dissertations

An investigation of several, disparate phenomena is conducted with the aim of developing a novel surveying system capable of overcoming the limitations imposed by turbulence in modern surveying. This method incorporates standard holographic techniques and time domain statistical averaging of survey data.

Some pertinent characteristics of atmospheric turbulence are reviewed, and the restrictions imposed on standard surveying practices by such turbulence are identified. A model for the turbulent medium is proposed on the basis of previous work and several theoretical results are summarized and extended.

On this basis the technical characteristics of the proposed technique are developed and each step …

Correlation And Prediction Of Vapor-Liquid Equilibrium In Electrolytic Solutions, Anil Krishna Rastogi

Dissertations

Two expressions for the excess Gibbs free energy are presented which correlate and predict vapor-liquid equilibrium and the mean molal activity coefficient of an electrolyte in a ternary mixture containing water and either MeOH or EtOH. The proposed equations take into account coulombic forces between ions and the physical interaction forces between ion-solvent and solvent-solvent molecules in a solution.

Model #1 is a combination of an extended Debye and Huckel equation and the local composition of non-random two liquid (NRTL) model. A ternary mixture requires six adjustable binary parameters to predict activity coefficients. These six parameters are evaluated from three …

Separation Of Proteins Via Continuous Ph Parametric Pumping, Steve Wu

Dissertations

This dissertation covers the separation of proteins via recuperative mode pH parametric pumping. Continuous pH parametric pumping separations using the model system haemoglobin and albumin on a CM-Sepharose cation exchanger have been experimentally and theoretically investigated.

The pH parametric pumping system has a feed containing the protein mixture to be separated, introduced alternately to the top and bottom of the column. The top and bottom products are withdrawn from the apparatus during the bottom and top feed, respectively. Both equilibrium and nonequilibrium cases were considered, and theoretical results agreed with the experimental data.

Buffer concentration, flow rate, reservoir displacement, and …

Parametric Pumping With Ph And Ionic Strength : Enzyme Purification, Zikri Mostafa Ahmed

Dissertations

The work on separation and purification of proteins by parametric pumping has been restricted so far to pH parametric pumping where the difference between the iso-electric points of the components to be separated is apparent. The present work establishes the foundations for the continuous separation and purification of proteins (including enzyms) that have similar or very close iso-electric points by using the ionic strength as a driving force for the separation process. This technique has commercial advantages over batch processes.

It was found that the most promising technique for separating alkaline phosphatase consists of the following three major steps: (I) …

Separation Via Multi-Column Ph Parametric Pumping, Wei Tai Yang

Dissertations

This thesis presents the study of multi-column pH parametric pumping, a separation technique which applies the principle of parametric pumping and uses pH as control variable. Studies emphasize the mass transfer and the capability of separation by multi-column pH parametric pumping. Many operation modes of multi-column pH parapump are developed for varied objectives of separation. A Two-pH Levels Parapump is capable of enriching the product stream with solute components; a Three-pH Levels Parapump is capable of splitting components into two product streams. The separation capability of multi-column parapump is greatly superior to that of single-column parapump. As compared to cycling …

A Study Of Hemispheric Synergism As An Applied Theoretical Construct To Determine The Effects Of Contrasting Educational Interventions On Children's Learning Styles, Dale W. Vigil

Dissertations

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to determine if there were appropriate methodological strategies supported by the left-brain/right-brain theoretical construct that significantly affect the learning styles of first grade pupils.

Procedure

Two first grade classrooms in the Adams County School District No. 50, Westminster, Colorado, were identified for this study. Because the study was initiated after the beginning of the year, it was virtually and logistically impossible to randomize subjects. Therefore, intact classes were differentiated as experimental and control groups on the basis of ten criteria.

Thirty-seven first grade pupils were the subjects in this study. Eighteen pupils were …

An Investigation Of The Relationships Between Various Institutional Variables And Compliance With Title Ix In Intercollegiate Athletics, Richard C. Cadigan

Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Key Predictors Of Vocational Rehabilitation Outcomes Among Clients With Psychiatric Disturbance, William Douglas Brooks

Dissertations

It was the purpose of this study to investigate demographic and treatment/training, services provided variables which predict rehabilitation outcomes among clients with psychiatric disturbance. A population of 166 clients representing a "Mental Health" caseload for Fiscal Years 1977, 1978, and 1979 from the Kalamazoo, Michigan Bureau of Rehabilitation District office were studied. The population consisted of three sub-groups of psychotic, neurotic, and character disordered subjects.

A total of twenty demographic and eleven treatment/training independent variables were subjected to correlational and Step-Wise Regression methods of analyses with closure status (Status 26 and Status 28) used as the criterion.

Three major research …

Goals And Objectives For Teaching Science In The Junior High Schools Of Kalamazoo, Michigan, Gary W. Wester

Dissertations

The purpose of this research study was to determine the similarities and disparities among the expected learning outcomes of three sets of performance objectives for science education: (1) the teacher-written science objectives of the Goals-Objectives-Test (GOT) Program for the seventh, eight, and ninth grades in the Kalamazoo Public School System; (2) the objectives prepared by the Department of Research and Development of the Kalamazoo Public School System from test items on Test 8: Science of the Metropolitan Achievement Tests (MAT) - Advanced Forms; and (3) the science objectives of the Michigan Department of Education (MDOE) for grades 7-9.

The methodology …

Staff Incentive Programs: The Effects Of Time Off And Monetary Compensation On Professional Service Delivery, Sharon L. Surratt

Dissertations

The effects of two staff incentive procedures, time off from work and additional monetary compensation in increasing the amount of time that professional counselors spent in direct service (client oriented) activities were compared. The participation of six outpatient counselors, three male and three female, enabled the assessment of the differential impact of these incentive procedures by sex of the counselor. Throughout the study, which lasted 30 weeks, daily records were kept on the amount of time counseling staff engaged in 18 predefined categories of staff behavior. Using a repeated measures design, time off from work and/or additional monetary compensation were …

The Relationship Between Interpersonal Perception And Locus Of Control, Richard G. Smith

Dissertations

The purpose of this research was to clarify the relationship between interpersonal perception and locus of control. Interpersonal perception refers to the process of understanding internal states of other human beings. Locus of control refers to the belief in the nature of causality of reinforcement. Viewed theoretically as a continuum, individuals at one end, labeled internals, believe that the reinforcement they receive in life is the direct result of their own behavior. Conversely, individuals at the opposite end of the continuum, labeled externals, believe that the reinforcement they receive in life is the result of fate, luck, or powerful others. …

The Effects Of Rules And Videotape Training On Complex Observation Skills, Gerald L. Shook

Dissertations

The present study evaluated the effectiveness of rules and videotape training on the acquisition, maintenance, and generalization of complex behavioral observation skills. A multiple baseline design across two groups of subjects (N = 17) was used. An initial pretest probe measured subjects' ability to score adult and child behavior shown in a set of five, 15- to 20-second videotape episodes. Child behavior was rated as appropriate, inappropriate, or unacceptable. The subsequent adult behavior was rated as correct or incorrect, as a function of the child behavior, in five categories: vocalization, eye contact, facial expression, physical contact, and back-up consequence. Mean …

A Behavioral Contracting Center For High School Students: Description, Research And Analysis, William K. Redmon

Dissertations

Most psychologists and educators agree that instructional procedures are most effective when individualized. Unfortunately, most approaches to individualization require that large institutional and training changes occur. Thus, educational programs most commonly apply group methods which focus on a hypothetical "average" learner. An alternative program, called the Guided Study Project, is described. This program is designed to augment group procedures without extensive change in current methods. The Guided Study Project is a school-wide contracting center available to all students of all classes. The procedures involve the use of a daily behavioral contract and the project is managed by students who serve …

The Prevalence Of Hopelessness In Hospitalized Alcoholics, J. Michael Mccarthy

Dissertations

This study investigated the psychological construct of hopelessness as a factor in hospitalized alcoholics. There is a high suicide rate for alcoholics, and previous research has shown hopelessness to be a key factor in suicide. There have been no previous studies of hopelessness in alcoholics.

The purposes of this study were to establish norms and reliability of the Hopelessness Scale, an instrument designed to measure hopelessness, and to gain more information about hopelessness by testing several hypotheses concerning the relationship between hopelessness and certain variables. These variables included severity of alcoholism, depression, age, length of problem drinking, number of hospitalizations …

The Stress Reducing Properties Of Five Intervening Variables, Edward R. Lyon

Dissertations

Current research has demonstrated a relationship between stress and subsequent psychological and/or physical dysfunction. It has been shown, however, that some organisms, both animal and human, are more resilient to stress than others. Several researchers have suggested that intervening variables available to the organism may play a role in stress resilience. Intervening variables have been defined as any resource which has stress reducing properties. Examples of proposed intervening variables include intelligence, wealth, reasoning, friends, and assertiveness. Although many resources have been suggested as possible intervening variables, there has been little scientific research into this area. The present study investigated the …

The Relationship Between Adjacent Residential Development And Breeding Bird Populations, Steven L. Harbron

Dissertations

The breeding bird populations of a 40.9 acre grassland-thicket, the Colony Farm Tract, Kalamazoo, Michigan, were studied over 18 years, from 1961-1979. The purpose of the study was to discover any variations in the avian populations that resulted from the construction of an adjacent residential development. Particular attention was directed toward establishing the kinds of relationships that existed between the breeding bird populations and the adjacent residential development.