Digital Commons Network^™

Physical Money Chips To Enable Digital Transactions, Ajay Prasad

Defensive Publications Series

Users that live in regions with limited banking penetration or users with no bank accounts cannot benefit from digital payment applications that support payments, loans, and other financial transactions. This disclosure describes techniques to recharge digital payment wallets or accounts using physical money chips. The described solution bridges the gap between physical cash and digital financial systems and is suitable for users in regions with limited banking penetration. A physical money chip is provisioned with a unique identifier and has a NFC, RFID, or other code that can be read by a smartphone. Upon detection, users can perform transactions such …

Mobile Robot Navigation Based On User-Shared Movement Trajectories, Victor Carbune, Kevin Allekotte

Defensive Publications Series

Movement trajectories derived from timestamped location data stored locally on a user device can be a rich information source, especially for indoor spaces. However, these cannot be used on other devices such as mobile robots. Moreover, mobile robots cannot dynamically learn from user movements within the same space. This disclosure describes techniques that leverage Visual Language Models (VLMs) as a backbone to enable a device such as a mobile robot to receive historical movement trajectories of another device within the same space. The VLM backbone is utilized to transform the trajectories into lower-level actuation based on higher-level semantic interpretations related …

Earbud Design To Support Calibration Of Personalized Hrtf, Benjamin Riot, Moqian Tian, Rajeev Nongpiur

Defensive Publications Series

Head related transfer function (HRTF) calibration for earbuds or earphones is essential for enabling spatial audio to provide an immersive experience for users by tailoring sound to an individual’s unique ear shape and listening profile. This disclosure describes earbuds that enable the measurement of personalized HRTF along with earbud functions of listening or two-way communication. The earbuds include a loudspeaker and a microphone at different ends of an ear-book. For HRTF calibration, the microphone is placed at the ear entrance while the loudspeaker is far away, e.g., dangling below the ear, to reduce interference. Alternatively, a charging case can be …

Microphone Self-Calibration For Extended Reality (Xr) Devices, Rajeev Nongpiur

Defensive Publications Series

Extended reality (XR) devices rely on multiple microphones with consistent sensitivity to provide optimal audio performance. When microphone sensitivity degrades over time, in a standard calibration approach for microphones, ambient noise is used to adjust the spectral differences between microphones. However, if the noise is directional or not perfectly diffused, the calibration may have inaccuracies. This disclosure describes automatic recalibration of microphone sensitivity for XR devices by leveraging the directional nature of device loudspeakers. The techniques described herein can be utilized to detect problems with an arbitrary number of microphones. By utilizing excitation signals from the device loudspeakers and leveraging …

The Concave Shaped Composite Projection Configuration That Contains 8 Cyclically Configured Projection Configurations., Punarjeewa Abeysekera

Defensive Publications Series

This paper describes a concave shaped composite projection configuration that contains 8 cyclically configured projection configurations. The concave shaped composite projection configuration consists of 8 identical projection configurations. Each generally utilized projection configuration will contain 4 sub projection configurations. The sub projection configuration number one, will contain a video projection projecting display, a reflector, a convex lens stack and a triangular shaped beam splitter. And the sub projection configuration number two, will contain a video projection projecting display, a large reflector, a convex lens stack and a small reflector. In addition to that, the sub projection configuration number three, will …

Quickly Mounting And Disembarking Road Vehicles On And From Railcars, Mordechai Teicher

Defensive Publications Series

Road vehicles, such as autonomous vehicles, are quickly mounted on and disembark from railcars by riding over empty railcars.

Workflow To Tune The Esd Printmode, Hp Inc

Defensive Publications Series

Multi-jet fusion (MJF) parts are by default electrically insulative, meaning they have high Surface Resistance values (> 10^11 Ohms) and prevent or limit the flow of electrons across their surface or through their volume. However, the carbon black present in the Fusing Agent (FA) is conductive, and, with a sufficient drop concentration, it can create structures with lower electrical resistance and ESD or antistatic properties.

However, surface reistance values not only depend on the FA concentration, but also on the irradiance received by the part. As it is a surface property, it is very much affected by the energy received …

Redirect-And-Sync For Distributed Stateful Network Applications, Na

Defensive Publications Series

Cloud-based networking uses various stateful networking functions. There is currently no mechanism to synchronize the states of the functions across different binaries. As a result, the functions cannot be used on stateless devices that provide higher throughput or scalability. This disclosure describes techniques to synchronize states in distributed networking systems. The network function state is defined and maintained in a distributed manner and is sharded in units of flows. A shard is assigned an owner, which handles the flows in the shard. State synchronization is achieved by having the shard owner write actions for flows it owns, and by having …

Software Directive For Selective Hardware Prefetching, Na

Defensive Publications Series

Modern processors, including those deployed in datacenters, spend a significant proportion of cycles waiting for memory accesses to resolve. While prefetching can alleviate this bottleneck, current software and hardware prefetching techniques operate independently. This disclosure describes a new load instruction that enables higher-level code such as the operating system or application programs to provide hints to a hardware prefetcher regarding whether the hardware prefetcher is to issue prefetch requests for the data loaded by a particular instruction. Unlike prefetching mechanisms that are purely hardware-based or purely software-based, the load instruction allows for hardware software collaboration. Software is responsible for deciding …

Fair Arbitration Among Queues Of A Connection Scheduler, Na

Defensive Publications Series

This disclosure describes a scheduler/arbiter that arbitrates between queues of a network connection in a fair and efficient manner while accounting for network congestion. Fairness in bandwidth allocation across the queues can be achieved using various strategies such as round-robin (RR) scheduling, least recently used (LRU) scheduling, etc. The arbiter allocates network access (bandwidth) to the queues in an equitable manner that is cognizant of the current levels of fabric/end-node congestion and compatible with congestion-control mechanisms. The described techniques apply to any transport layer that seeks to attain reliability by using a congestion control mechanism.

Automation Of Data Center Service Moves, Na

Defensive Publications Series

Service moves are carefully choreographed movements of cloud-based services across data centers (DC). Service moves can equalize DC loads and enable more efficient usage of existing DC capacity through better bin packing. Service moves are laborious, expensive, and time-consuming operations involving intricate coordination between several DC personnel. This disclosure describes techniques to automate and quicken service moves of a data center. By enabling rapid service moves, the techniques can obviate DC builds, reduce purchases of new machines (since services can be moved to grow in a location with available capacity), reduce the buffer stock of machines, etc. The entire computing …

Semantic Search Based Memory Controller To Accelerate Llms And Foundational Models, Na

Defensive Publications Series

In the context of large language models (LLMs), memory bandwidth has not kept pace with the computational abilities of machine learning processing units, such that memory is a performance bottleneck. This disclosure describes a memory controller and data retrieval techniques that use semantic search to reduce the complexity of memory access, and, by clearly enforcing data requirements, reduce the amount of data that needs to be transferred. In contrast to traditional memory controllers, which require precisely specified data locations, the described memory controller uses contextual intelligence to determine the importance of requested data, such that only essential data is retrieved. …

Adjustable Plenum For Variable Depth Server Rack Deployment, Na

Defensive Publications Series

This disclosure describes an adjustable plenum that can be utilized to connect rear-door heat exchangers (RDHx) to data center racks of varying depths. The plenum includes brackets connected by a flexible material to form a flexible portion. In a compact mode of the plenum, the flexible portion is folded in between the brackets and can be utilized with deep racks. In an extended mode, the flexible portion of the plenum stretches out between the brackets to accommodate racks with shallow racks. An array of rear-door heat exchangers can be pre-installed (mounted) on a floor of a data center without having …

Scalable Determination Of Network Topology, Na

Defensive Publications Series

Existing approaches to determining network topology, which are typically reliant on integer programming, struggle with scalability and complexity. This disclosure describes techniques to efficiently determine the logical topology of a network, considering its physical layout and desired capacity between blocks. The techniques leverage principles of graph theory and break down the problem into four stages, e.g., rounding to an integral target topology; partitioning into supernode-level graphs; converting to a bipartite graph; and recursively partitioning the bipartite graphs. By substituting existing integer programming algorithms — which are NP-hard and scale exponentially — with polynomial time combinatorial algorithms such as flows and …

Semiconductor Yield Improvement By Enabling Use Of Faulty Chips For Llm Inference, Roberto Lupi

Defensive Publications Series

This disclosure describes techniques that enable the use of faulty semiconductor chips to achieve reliable large language model (LLM) performance. The output of a faulty chip is subjected to a chip-specific transformation that corrects errors. Error-correcting transformations are applied at a relatively large scale, e.g., for an entire LLM layer rather than at the level of a single matrix multiplication block. The use of unreliable components to achieve reliable computing reduces the rejection rate, and correspondingly increases the yield of semiconductor manufacturing. With the scale at which error correction is applied, costly die-size and energy consumption redundancies are reduced or …

Push-Pull Force Tester, Na

Defensive Publications Series

Data centers and other industrial facilities perform ergonomic and serviceability assessments as part of hardware validation. Due to the quantity, complexity, and continuously operating (‘in-flight’) nature of industrial equipment, purely manual evaluations are unsustainable. This disclosure describes semi-automatic and fully automatic force measurement tools and techniques for data center rack payload and for general ergonomic hardware evaluations. The described tools improve test accuracy and safety and reduce test-cycle times for products manufactured by an industrial facility. The techniques help in constraining the motion of the hardware under test such that external variability from human interactions is minimized, thereby improving the …

Selectively Triggering Server Llm Based On Local Llm Response Entropy To Provide A Low Latency Conversational Experience, D Shin

Defensive Publications Series

While chatbots powered by large language models (LLMs) provide conversational experiences, the setup requires sending a user query (prompt) to the server, executing a server-side LLM to generate a response, and receiving the response over the network, all of which introduce latency. This disclosure describes a split compute framework to provide a response to user queries with low latency by use of a local LLM on the client device. The output entropy for each token generated by the on-device language model is calculated and compared to a threshold to selectively trigger the server-based larger language model. The detailed response generated …

Using Window Edges As Trigger Points For Sharing A Space With Side-By-Side Windows, Mike Ho, Addison Luh

Defensive Publications Series

A tiling window manager (TWM) is a feature that enables rapid and efficient placement/organization of windows on a desktop user interface of an operating system. The TWM is a powerful productivity enhancer but can be difficult to use. This disclosure describes a tiling window manager (TWM) that enables rapid and intuitive optimization of the size and/or position of windows by using a target window as a sizing and placement reference for other windows. The described TWM does not require the use of customizable shortcuts or manual linking of windows to be tiled. The TWM supports flexible tiling, such that window …

Reducing Unwanted Facial Glow For Users Wearing Smart Glasses, Shiblee Hasan

Defensive Publications Series

Interacting with the light emitting components of the smart glasses can result in an unintended glow on the face of the glass wearer. The glow from smart glasses can make them appear conspicuous and draw unwanted attention to the user, which can be awkward in social settings and undermine the design goal of making wearable technology subtle and unobtrusive. This disclosure describes techniques to minimize facial glow caused by inward facing displays and/or other lighting elements in smart glasses by dynamically adjusting display settings in real-time based on measurements from device sensors such as inward-facing cameras, ambient light sensors, etc. …

Optimized Image Preview And Capture For Different Aspect Ratios, Colvin Pitts

Defensive Publications Series

In different applications, images and videos are used with different orientations and aspect ratios. However, camera devices typically capture images with a limited set of aspect ratios. Cropping an image to a different aspect ratio can result in a loss of substantial amount of image content. This disclosure describes techniques to automatically provide previews that display the impact of different crops on a captured image and to capture images that are suitable for different aspect ratios. A user interface is provided for a camera device that includes visual affordances, e.g., guidelines indicating crop regions or a picture-in-picture view showing the …

Using Artificial Intelligence To Adjust Entity Risk Scores Based On Rule Activity, Pramod Joisha, Timothy Peacock

Defensive Publications Series

An entity risk score can be determined based on how an entity interacts with an organization’s computing resources. The entity risk score can be adjusted based on a rule hit score (RHS), which determines how many rules are triggered by the entity’s interactions with the organization’s computing resources. A value of the RHS can be determined using a bipartite graph that includes information for a certain time interval. The RHS value, and how the RHS value change over time, can be used to alter the entity risk score.

Mixed Reality Environment Selection Using A Virtual Object, Samuel Wu

Defensive Publications Series

A computer-implemented method comprising providing, within a first mixed reality environment, an environment selection user interface element; receiving, using the environment selection user interface element, an environment selection; and generating, according to the environment selection, a second mixed reality environment.

Subscriber Selection For New Service Rollout Based On Call Detail Records, Mahendra M. Periyadanam

Defensive Publications Series

This disclosure describes techniques that make use of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) to intelligently select subscribers for new service rollouts based on call detail record (CDR) analysis. CDR data, obtained with user permission, is analyzed to select subscribers who frequently or infrequently use an existing service, enabling prioritizing such subscribers to rollouts of new services. The prioritized subscriber list is provided to a provisioning system to deliver configuration updates over-the-air (OTA) (or via any other mechanism, such as over the internet) to subscriber devices. Feedback from subscriber devices regarding adoption of new features is incorporated enabling refinement …

Seamless Bootstrapping For Esim Provisioning, Pavan Nuggehalli, Jayachandran C, Jean-Philippe Cormier, Amol Tuli, Sathish K

Defensive Publications Series

This disclosure describes techniques to seamlessly bootstrap embedded subscriber identity modules (eSIM) in mobile devices. In particular, the techniques enable a user to download an operating eSIM on a new or factory-reset mobile device when WiFi connectivity is unavailable. Per the techniques, in standards-agnostic bootstrapping, the platform detects the user’s choice of carrier based on the hardware SKU (stock-keeping unit) or user selection in the eSIM manager and triggers the modem to establish a bootstrap connection with the particular carrier. Alternatively, in a standards-based bootstrapping technique, the mobile device attaches to cellular (4G, 5G, LTE, etc.) network for provisioning purposes …

Mixed Reality Environment Time Selection Using A Wrist Device, Samuel Wu

Defensive Publications Series

A computer-implemented method comprising: providing a time selection user interface element; receiving, using the time selection user interface element, a time selection; and generating, according to the time selection, a past state of a mixed reality environment, the past state depicting the mixed reality environment at a previous time corresponding to the time selection.

Process For The Preparation Of Amorphous 9-Ethyl-6,6-Dimethyl-8-[4-(Morpholin-4- Yl)Piperidin-1-Yl]-11-Oxo-6,11-Dihydro-5h-Benzo[B]Carbazole-3-Carbonitrile Hydrochloride, Msn Laboratories Private Limited, R&D Center; Srinivasan Thirumalai Rajan; Subrahmanyavithal Irukuvajjula; Saimanoj Kesari; Bhatraju Daveedu

Defensive Publications Series

An improved process for the preparation of Amorphous 9-ethyl-6,6-dimethyl-8-[4-(morpholin-4-yl)piperidin-1-yl]-11-oxo-6,11-dihydro-5H-benzo[b]carbazole-3-carbonitrile hydrochloride, which is represented by the following structural formula-1.

Formula-1

Dynamic Llm Agent Metadata Manifest-Based Discovery Of Agents In An Llm Agentic Application Platform, Akram Sheriff

Defensive Publications Series

Within Large Language Models (LLM) environments, agents can be provided to perform a variety of complex tasks. However, with many agents being developed, it can sometimes be difficult to discover or select an appropriate agent to perform a desired task. Techniques presented herein can be used to aid a developer in identifying the best artificial intelligence (AI) agent to utilize for a given set of criteria. Based on the proposed techniques, a low code / no code agentic infra platform can be provided that may facilitate the efficient discovery of agents in an agnostic manner regardless of the underlying framework …

Automatic Tool Selection To Reduce Large Language Model Latency, Derik Clive Robert, Ankur Garg, Jitesh Vinod Punjabi, Pavan Kumar Reddy M, Nihal Sandeep Balani, Rushin Shah

Defensive Publications Series

Large language models (LLMs) can interact with external tools to retrieve real-time information, make reservations, etc. While complete tool specifications for the external tools can be included in the prompt of an LLM, doing so increases context size and latency. This disclosure describes techniques that use small tool-selector models alongside large language models to select tools that are appropriate to the task specified in the prompt. The techniques preserve prompt space by ensuring that the LLM accesses the full specifications of a relevant tool only when necessary. The techniques enable an LLM to handle complex requests, such as multi-step tasks …

A Method For Remote System Management Using A "Last Will And Testament" Signaling Scheme, Hp Inc

Defensive Publications Series

In the event of a catastrophic failure of a remotely management client workstation, PC, or rack mount system, a hardware component will detect the anomaly and trigger an out-of-band (OOB) network broadcast to the management plane even if power is lost. The remote management hardware relies on a backup power source to ensure enough energy for a "Last Will and Testament" message to be broadcast to a subscriber on the network.

Automated Testing Of Distributed System, Vijay Griddaluru

Defensive Publications Series

A service definition of each service of a distributed system is modified to include metadata indicating which method of the distributed system precedes a respective method. The service definition is further modified to include additional metadata indicating one or more fields of a test request schema of a respective service and a corresponding predefined value to be used in generating a test request message to request a test of the respective service (e.g., a request generation annotation). When a request is received to test the distributed system, a test request message is generated to initiate testing of a respective service …