Digital Commons Network^™

Asynchronous Reliable Transmission Protocol For Application-To-Application Communication, Ashish Kumar Khatri Mr., Preet Nepolean Dabre

Defensive Publications Series

Techniques are disclosed for providing asynchronous reliable transmission (ART) protocol for Application-to-Application messages. A communication protocol is designed to support communication between two devices asynchronously over channels that have limitations to facilitate asynchronous communication and have limited bandwidth. The ART protocol solves communication challenges that arise when transmitting data over channels with such limitations. The ART protocol has the provision to expand for future use cases such as encryption. Further, the ART Protocol provides mechanisms for data packet fragmentation, allowing larger packets to be transmitted over channels with limited bandwidth.

Print Interception For Optimized Perfect Print, Hp Inc

Defensive Publications Series

This proposal outlines the method by which the printed pages of flat format applications is improved. Innovation talks about the method by which original/intermediate format, which is captured at the application level and the printed output stream provided by Windows Print System is analysed, deconstructed and then re-formatted for readability with relevant content.

Chatrouter: A System And Method For Hierarchical Intent Classification And Dynamic Routing In Multi-Skill Ai Architectures, Hp Inc

Defensive Publications Series

ChatRouter is a system and method for processing natural language user inputs to accurately classify them into one or more predefined intents and subsequently route them for appropriate handling within a multi-skill artificial intelligence (AI) architecture. The core of the invention lies in its unique combination of a large language model (LLM) guided by a specialized few-shot learning paradigm, a multi-intent detection capability, and a hierarchical priority-based routing mechanism. This system is designed to interpret diverse user phrasings and map them to specific actionable categories, even when multiple intents are present in a single input.

Pdf-To-Xps Conversion Pipeline For Psa-Based Print Workflows, Hp Inc

Defensive Publications Series

This disclosure presents a high-fidelity PDF-to-XPS conversion component designed for seamless integration within Windows-based print workflows. Unlike traditional approaches that rely on system-level print drivers or the Microsoft XPS Document Writer, this solution employs a rasterization-based pipeline. Each page of the input PDF is converted into a high-resolution image and embedded into a fixed-layout XPS file, preserving the original layout, fonts, and visual fidelity. The component is built to align with the Print Support App (PSA) infrastructure, offering deterministic, driver-independent output suitable for rendering, archival, and downstream processing within the end-to-end print pipeline.

Ai-Enhanced Print Interception System For Optimized Document Output, Hp Inc

Defensive Publications Series

Conventional print workflows often compromise document fidelity due to early-stage transformations performed by the operating system’s print subsystem. This results in poor layout preservation, inefficient scaling, and suboptimal formatting - particularly when printing from dynamic sources such as web applications. To address these limitations, this invention presents a novel method and system for intercepting print commands, including the Ctrl+P action, at the application level to capture the original, unprocessed content before it reaches the print driver or spooler. A lightweight monitoring module detects print initiation events and extracts raw document data, such as source HTML or structured content. This content …

Techniques For Providing Asynchronous Reliable Transmission Protocol For Application-To-Application Communication, Ashish Kumar Khatri Mr., Preet Nepolean Dabre Mr.

Defensive Publications Series

Techniques are disclosed for providing asynchronous reliable transmission (ART) protocol for Application-to-Application messages. A communication protocol is designed to support communication between two devices asynchronously over channels that have limitations to facilitate asynchronous communication and have limited bandwidth. The ART protocol solves communication challenges that arise when transmitting data over channels with such limitations. The ART protocol has the provision to expand for future use cases such as encryption. Further, the ART Protocol provides mechanisms for data packet fragmentation, allowing larger packets to be transmitted over channels with limited bandwidth.

Training Artificial Intelligence Agents To Compress Web Page Actions Into Url Rewrites, Duc-Hieu Tran, Florian Hartmann

Defensive Publications Series

Computer-control agents are artificial intelligence (AI) tools that automatically perform user-defined tasks over the user interface (UI) of a computer. UI-control-based agents can be slow because they involve the agent interacting with the web page via elementary actions such as clicks and text-fills, waiting for web-page loads, and processing the web-page state and calling the AI model to predict the next elementary action(s), all of which introduce delays. This disclosure describes techniques that improve the efficiency of task performance via computer-control agents by training the agents to bundle multiple web interactions into a single, compact web-service interaction via uniform resource …

Automated Root Cause Analysis For Integration Test Failures Using Consecutive Failing Run Comparisons And Phase-Aware Differencing Using A Large Language Model, Shubham Khurana, Babu Prasad Elumalai

Defensive Publications Series

This disclosure describes techniques to improve automated root cause analysis (RCA) for integration test failures, especially in iterative debugging. A multi-step artificial intelligence (AI) pipeline is employed to dynamically select the appropriate baseline for log comparison—either the last passing run (LPR) for initial failures or the previous failing run (PFR) for subsequent failures—to reduce semantic noise. A large language model (LLM) performs phase-aware semantic differencing, segmenting logs into execution phases (e.g., setup, data seeding, service under test execution, assertion, teardown) and comparing corresponding phases. This targeted approach allows the LLM to identify critical differences and new errors more accurately by …

Unified Pre-Launch Causal Simulator, Joseph Jm Walker

Defensive Publications Series

This disclosure presents a system that generates marketing creatives with instrumentable causal controls, predicts their heterogeneous treatment effects, simulates market and network responses, and outputs a probability-weighted decision slate with pre-launch risk constraints. Unlike prior art, the disclosed system bridges generative AI tokens with causal inference priors, integrates agent-based and macro simulators, and enforces pre-launch governance gates for fairness, brand safety, and uncertainty.

Unified, Site-Selectable Waterless Cooling Architecture For High-Density Ai Data Centers, Joseph Jm Walker

Defensive Publications Series

This disclosure describes a unified cooling architecture for AI-intensive data centers that achieves near-zero consumptive water use (WUE ≈ 0). The design modularizes heat capture into 1 MW_IT pods and provides a site-selectable rejection manifold that can simultaneously or alternatively employ (A) dry coolers, (B) closed-loop borefield geoexchange, (C) natural-water plate heat exchangers (non-consumptive intake/outfall), and (D) optional heat reuse via district heating or industrial offtake.

The novelty lies in tri-path blending + revenue-aware reuse, seasonal recharge of geothermal baselines, and permit-aware plume control in real-time supervisory logic. The system is engineered for high-density GPU loads, modular scale-out, and resilient …

Genesis Bridwell Systems Overlays, Fulton D. Bridwell, Fulton D. Bridwell

Defensive Publications Series

Constitutional Output Interface Protocol (COIP)

Abstract:

This disclosure describes a Constitutional Output Interface Protocol (COIP) that enforces a governance layer across artificial intelligence systems. Each AI output is processed through a structured flow of Insight → Evidence → Strategy, thereby ensuring explainability, transparency, and auditability. The protocol provides a universal framework for converting opaque AI decisions into legally defensible reasoning chains. Applications include regulated industries such as finance, healthcare, logistics, and defense where compliance and accountability are critical. By embedding COIP as a standardized overlay, organizations can integrate AI while maintaining adherence to evolving regulatory and ethical standards.

---

2. …

Cumulative Uv-Responsive Coating For Structural Degradation Monitoring, Joseph Jm Walker

Defensive Publications Series

This disclosure presents a coating technology incorporating irreversible photochromic pigments microencapsulated within polymer shells and dispersed in industrial binder matrices (acrylics, epoxies, polyurethanes, vinyls). Upon cumulative ultraviolet (UV) exposure, the encapsulated pigments undergo non-reversible molecular rearrangements, producing a permanent hue shift. The pigment system is tuned to absorb predominantly in the UVB (280–315 nm) and near-UVA (315–340 nm) spectral bands, which are most strongly correlated with photodegradation of polymers.

Encapsulation (2–5 μm capsules) provides environmental stability against oxygen, humidity, and thermal cycling, ensuring reproducible performance across climates. The coatings are applied as thin topcoats (≈50 μm dry film …

Automatic Substrate Positioning For Tur Attachment, Hp Inc

Defensive Publications Series

The present invention relates to a method for automating the advancement of a substrate in a large-format printing system prior to engagement with a take-up reel (TUR). The method reduces the need for manual intervention during the substrate loading process, thereby improving process efficiency, user ergonomics, and operational consistency.

Agentic Artificial Intelligence System For Natural Language Control And Diagnosis Of Television Devices, Paul Colta, Henry Fang

Defensive Publications Series

In general, a user may interact with a television device such as a smart television by navigating a series of user interfaces to eventually find the user interface and menus available to the user that may help the user modify, configure, and/or adjust the numerous interfaces and controls available on the smart television. The user may become frustrated as the user may need to navigate through many complex user interfaces and menus to adjust the smart television settings and/or to determine and/or diagnose an issue with the smart television. A user may find this process cumbersome, particularly when the user …

Ai Backed Integrated Scan-To- Assessment Engine For Educational Printers, Hp Inc

Defensive Publications Series

Educators frequently rely on printed textbooks to manually create assessment materials such as question papers and practice tests. This process is repetitive, time-consuming, and requires significant effort to interpret content and draft questions. Meanwhile, students and tutors lack accessible tools that can automatically convert scanned educational material into usable test content.

This approach introduces a generative AI-driven workflow that transforms printed textbook chapters into structured assessment material. Integrated directly into the scanning and printing processes of enterprise printers, the system performs OCR on scanned content, interprets the extracted text using a large language model (LLM), and generates both multiple-choice and …

A Method For Optimizing Specification-Based Regression Test Suites By Analyzing Low-Level Specification Coverage, Hp Inc

Defensive Publications Series

This disclosure describes a method for optimizing specification-based regression test suites by analyzing low-level specification elements. In printer testing, regression test suites often contain thousands of print files across multiple file types, each governed by formal specifications (e.g., operators, keys, attributes, values, names). The disclosed method correlates test file content with specification elements to measure coverage, identify redundancies, and generate a minimal optimized set of tests. The approach reduces test suite size, uncovers coverage gaps, and improves release quality through efficient resource utilization and shorter test cycles.

Anchored Ai: Intent-Extraction, Anchor-Weighted Generation, And Synthetic Collapse Prevention For Human-Aligned Ai, Joseph Jm Walker

Defensive Publications Series

This disclosure presents Anchored AI, a system and method for ensuring reliable, human-aligned artificial intelligence through the integration of anchored data partitioning, intent extraction, anchor-weighted generation, provenance embedding, and synthetic collapse prevention. Unlike conventional large language models that are trained indiscriminately on mixed or synthetic data, Anchored AI introduces a structured framework where datasets are partitioned and weighted (anchor, ephemeral, synthetic), user queries are processed through an intent extraction layer (embedding, semantic role labeling, ontology mapping), and responses are generated with explicit anchor weighting and citation from authoritative corpora. Outputs are embedded with cryptographic provenance manifests (e.g., C2PA/PROV) …

Wic Victory Gardens: Integrating Micro-Farming Into The Women, Infants, And Children Program To Expand Nutrition Access, Reduce Long-Term Costs, And Increase National Food Resilience, Joseph Jm Walker

Defensive Publications Series

This disclosure introduces WIC Victory Gardens, an innovation that expands the Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) program beyond food consumption into food production. By enabling a portion of WIC benefits to be redeemed for gardening inputs—including seeds, starter plants, raised-bed kits, or hydroponic systems—families can produce their own fruits and vegetables at home. This reframes WIC as a capacity-building program that addresses multiple national challenges simultaneously: improving dietary quality, reducing obesity and diabetes risk, lowering long-term healthcare costs, and increasing mental health and family resilience. Economically, $100 in seeds can yield up to $2,500 in produce, offering a …

Linhyde: Linear Scoring Module To Enhance Dual Encoder For Retrieval, Sahil Dua, Fedor Moiseev, Pascal Van Cleeff, Zhe Dong

Defensive Publications Series

Traditional dual encoder models, when trained with contrastive loss, may not consistently calibrate the distance between a query and relevant documents in the embedding space. This can lead to varying cutoff distances for relevancy across different queries. The disclosed technology addresses these and other limitations by introducing a hybrid dual encoder architecture, herein referred to as LinHyDE, which integrates a scoring head with a linear Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP). This MLP generates calibrated scoring embeddings from the retrieval embeddings, and the overall model is trained with a combined loss function that incorporates both retrieval and scoring losses with adjustable weights. This …

Atthyde: Cross-Attention Scoring To Enhance Dual Encoder For Retrieval, Sahil Dua, Fedor Moiseev, Pascal Van Cleeff, Zhe Dong

Defensive Publications Series

Dual encoder models can be effective for efficient information retrieval. However, they can have limitations in precisely quantifying the degree of document relevance. This can result in varying distances for relevant documents within a vector space, hindering consistent relevance cutoffs. Disclosed herein are systems and methods that address these drawbacks by incorporating a scoring head (e.g., a cross-attention module followed by a linear multi-layer perceptron (MLP) to project the cross-attention output into a float score) into a dual encoder architecture and employing an additional scoring loss function alongside conventional retrieval loss, with optional adjustable weights to combine these loss components. …

Real-Time Detection And Indication Of Ai-Generated Content In A Web Browser, Abhay Prakash

Defensive Publications Series

The proliferation of realistic, AI-generated content creates a significant risk of misinformation, as users often cannot distinguish it from human-created work. Existing detection tools are typically manual (i.e., copy content from one area to paste in a tool), disruptive for the user, and limited to a single content type. This disclosure describes a method integrated directly into a web browser for detection and visual indication of AI-generated content that can operate in real-time. When a user navigates to a web page, a content parsing module analyzes the Document Object Model (DOM). A multi-modal detection engine then scans content, such as …

Ultraviolet Spectrum Coating For Drones To Deter Bird Interference, Joseph Jm Walker

Defensive Publications Series

This disclosure teaches materials, optical targets, and manufacturing methods for making small UAS/drones highly salient in avian visual bands without materially changing human-visible appearance or flight performance. The approach uses (i) passive UV-reflective/absorptive coatings and/or (ii) UV-active bulk additives in polymer parts (e.g., propeller guards, nacelles, arms, fairings). Target spectral response is maximized in UVA 320–400 nm (with emphasis at ~350–380 nm) where most birds possess UV-sensitive cones, while maintaining low ΔE*ab (<1–2) in the human visible band (400–700 nm). The disclosure includes optical design targets, example formulations (nano-TiO₂/ZnO dispersions; dielectric stacks), integration paths (spray/dip/film/PVD and injection-mold masterbatch), mechanical and environmental durability requirements, sensor-compatibility constraints, and validation protocols (spectral, wind-tunnel, and ethological flight trials).

System For Generating A Universal Transfer Function For Rendering Spatial Audio Content, Sinan Hersek, Dongeek Shin

Defensive Publications Series

This publication includes techniques to obtain universal head related transfer functions (HRTFs) by adapting generic HRTFs. The adaptation is performed by iteratively perturbing and fine tuning the latent space representation of the generic HRTFs. The tuning objective is to minimize the binaural localization error produced by the adapted HRTFs across a population of users. To estimate the binaural localization error, the system is configured to train a person-agnostic neural network binaural localization model that can estimate the direction of a sound source from binaural audio.

System And Method For Automated Indentation Testing Of Electronic Displays, Nolan Johnson, Joshua Aganad, Eugene Bykov, Jared Baker, Maxim Sivov, Venkata Mk Akula

Defensive Publications Series

Manual indentation testing of electronic displays can be a time-consuming and labor-intensive process that may limit testing efficiency. This disclosure describes an automated system and method for display indentation testing. The system can comprise a testing machine with a programmable XY stage to automatically position a display sample beneath an indenter. The sample may be secured by an adjustable fixture, which can include one fixed and two adjustable brackets to accommodate various display sizes. A custom testing profile may guide the XY stage to multiple pre-defined locations, where a ball indenter can apply a series of prescribed or randomized loads …

Automated Ball Impact Testing Apparatus For Electronic Displays, Maxim Sivov, Eugene Bykov, Joshua Aganad, Jared Baker, Venkata Mk Akula

Defensive Publications Series

Manual ball drop testing for device displays can be prone to inconsistencies in drop height and location, which may lead to test variation. A disclosed system automates this process using a vertically-mounted motorized linear stage with an attached electromagnet to hold and release an impactor, for example, a steel ball. A user can input a desired drop height via a software-driven graphical user interface, which directs the linear stage to position the electromagnet at the specified height. The electromagnet is then deactivated to release the impactor onto the display under test. This approach can provide a repeatable and efficient method …

Methods For Characterizing Mechanical Behavior And Failure Modes Of Electronic Displays, Venkata M K Akula, Roberto Cammino

Defensive Publications Series

Predicting the mechanical behavior and failure modes of complex, multi-layer electronic displays can be challenging, as simulations based on standard datasheet values may not represent the properties of a manufactured assembly. This disclosure describes a methodology to create a finite element analysis (FEA) model by calibrating it with empirical test data. The process can involve conducting mechanical tests, such as indentation on both full and partial display stacks, to obtain load-displacement characteristics. This data may then be used to derive effective material properties for a simplified, reduced-layer FEA model. In some applications, failure modes observed in physical testing, like pixel …

A Method For Reducing Power Consumption In Non-Terrestrial Networks Through Sim Polling Interval Management, Edison Chen

Defensive Publications Series

User equipment (UE) operating on non-terrestrial networks (NTNs) may experience increased power consumption from frequent, periodic polling of the subscriber identity module / universal integrated circuit card (SIM/UICC) for presence checks and proactive commands. This power consumption can be a factor in NTN scenarios where battery conservation is beneficial. A UE can reduce this power drain by adaptively controlling the SIM polling interval. For instance, when in an NTN mode, the UE can negotiate a new, longer polling interval with the SIM, and may propose an unlimited duration to suspend polling. If an unlimited interval is not supported, the UE …

Seamless Roaming Of A Host Between Wired And Fabric Enabled Wireless Networks, Balaji Pitta Venkatachalapathy, Sanjay K Hooda, Parthiv Shah, Rutvik Vijay Shah

Defensive Publications Series

This proposal provides techniques to enable quick transitioning between wired and fabric enabled wireless networks by Internet of Things (IoT) endpoints that need to retain their Internet Protocol (IP) address and Media Access Control (MAC) address for data transmissions.

Method Of Fixturing Structures To Minimize Deformation From Force Fields And Opposing Clamping Force, Patrick Cleary

Defensive Publications Series

This defensive publication discloses a method for supporting and fixturing a precision structure such that deformation from body-force fields (e.g., gravity) and opposing clamping forces is minimized during use. Use cases include fixturing a primary telescope mirror and creating a precision additive-manufacturing build surface. The approach employs axial retention via a threaded retainer and locknut acting over a compliant base that conforms to the structure’s back surface, thereby achieving minimal preload and tool-less assembly/disassembly.

Optimized Mobility Tunnel Establishment, Mark Grayson, Ravi Shekhar

Defensive Publications Series

Signaling, as defined by Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) standards, for General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) Tunneling Protocol (GTP) tunnel establishment is widely recognized as being inefficient. Through this proposal, new GTP signaling is defined that may provide improved GTP tunnel setup procedures.