Digital Commons Network^™

Interoperability Index Prediction, Praveen Kumar, Navdeep Sood

Defensive Publications Series

Telecommunication technologies are changing at a very fast pace. As a result of the Internet's growth, new standards are being rapidly developed and vendors are quickly adopting those standards. Considering such a fast rate of change, interoperability across vendor equipment can become a concern. To address such a concern, techniques are presented herein that support an automated means of detecting an index that provides a "level of understanding" (i.e., an interoperability index) between two devices or routers. Aspects of the presented techniques encompass the recording of messages and unknown type-length-value (TLV) artifacts to a log; over the time, monitoring the …

Print Fidelity Prediction Using Machine Learning, Hp Inc

Defensive Publications Series

Cloud print platform allows Internet-enabled device to print documents, photos by rendering any document into a printable format and then sends to the printer for print. Document gets converted into a printable format, the most common format being PCL3GUI (Printer Command Language) in printers. Cloud print platform converts the document into a printable format, the most common format being PCL3GUI (Printer Command Language). Most of the printers accept PCL3GUI commands to process a print job. Rendering features such as “Margin,” “media Size,” “Media,” “Resolution,” “Page Orientation,” “Start Raster”, “End Raster”, “Offset” is hard to validate as it consumes more time …

Smart Grouping – Going Beyond Domain Similarities In Peer Recognition By Leveraging Complex Hierarchies Using Machine Learning, Doosan Jung, Qihong Shao, Belanna Zhou, Jonathan Arnowitz, Gurvinder Singh, Kiran Yedavalli

Defensive Publications Series

Techniques are presented herein that support an intelligent system for grouping customers by leveraging exactly those things that make it impossible for a person to perform effective clustering. That is, the presented techniques support clustering based on a customer’s vastly complicated network profiles. Aspects of the presented techniques encompass a smart customer grouping framework with highly accurate deep learning modeling, utilize domain-specific machine learning (ML) to unravel the nonlinear latent representations with a deep autoencoder, provide a flexible feature weighting capability to focus on certain features based on customer personas and business, and support a highly usable system for sales …

Detecting Paths Experiencing Packet Loss Using An Sdn Controller, Clarence Filsfils, Ahmed Abdelsalam, Pablo Camarillo Garvia, Rakesh Gandhi

Defensive Publications Series

Techniques are presented herein that support a new mechanism that employs a software-defined networking (SDN) controller for detecting paths that are experiencing packet loss. Aspects of the mechanism employ path tracing (PT) probe packets that are generated by a source node towards a sink node and which follow the same path as customer traffic with a matching entropy label value thus providing the path tracing. A transit node that encounters a forwarding issue while processing a PT probe packet arising from a forwarding loop (e.g., detected through a time to live or a hop limit value of zero), a next-hop …

Multi-Factor Authentication In Wireless Networks, Sachin D. Wakudkar, Ugo Campiglio

Defensive Publications Series

Wireless networks employ many forms of single and multiple authentication techniques (many of which may be combined) to support both different types of devices and strong authentication methods. However, there are times when such strong methods may not be used (when, for example, devices such as Internet of things (IoT) devices, voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) phones, etc. do not allow user input or the installation of a certificate) and a weaker method (such as a Wi-Fi Protected Access Pre-Shared Key (WPA-PSK)) may be selected. In such cases, Multi-factor authentication (MFA), leveraging out-of-band (OOB) communication, could be employed to increase …

Method And System For Secure Third-Party Identification, Todd Mazurek, Neerav Berry, Anya Miller

Defensive Publications Series

The present disclosure relates to a method and system for two parties, such as a Customer Service Provider and a biller, to authenticate a mutual customer. The present invention uses a dynamic matching algorithm to check and match the customer information available from each party, without either party disclosing new information about the customer to the other. The method also comprises maintaining a set of canonical customer identification attributes to facilitate matching between entities based on sensitivity and stability of the attribute. The present disclosure provides a solution for authenticating customers by sharing the least sensitive information with each other …

Oam Linked Sr-Te Policy To Prevent Longer Explicit Path Due To Network Failure, Anonymous

Defensive Publications Series

SR-TE policies are used for Traffic Engineering (TE) in Segment Routing (SR) networks. SR-TE provide ways to define traffic engineered paths by means of “Explicit Candidate paths” and “Dynamic Candidate paths”. With the former, operator can determine the paths and configure them as Segment List (SID-list) at head-end. Currently, the candidate path selection method specified by SR policy architecture defined by IETF is based on preference. The proposed approach factors in hop-count along with preference as best path selection criteria. A head-end can determine the hop-count of an explicit path by running IGP SPF based on its topology database. However, …

Transport Of 800ge Traffic Over Two 400ge Frames, Gilberto Loprieno, Emanuele Giacometti, Luca Della Chiesa, Jim Duda

Defensive Publications Series

The 800 gigabit per second (Gb/s) Ethernet (GE) technology is a new protocol that has been standardized by the Ethernet Technology Consortium. Techniques are presented herein that split an 800GE stream into two 400GE frames (e.g., 400GE-A and 400GE-B) without requiring any mapping. Under aspects of the presented techniques the 32 virtual lanes of the 800GE stream may be grouped into two groups of 16 virtual lanes; both the 400GE-A and 400GE-B links are protected by the Forward Error Correction (FEC) of the 800GE stream; alignment markers (AMs) are inserted according to the 800GE standard; the AM field CM2 is …

Surfacing Resources For Emotional Support Based On The User’S Inferred State Of Mind, N/A

Defensive Publications Series

Users may issue queries to a virtual assistant, search engine, or other technological interface to seek help when experiencing acute emotional distress. Current approaches surface relevant information, such as the number for a local helpline, that can help connect the users to resources to deal with the matter. Currently, such information is surfaced if a spoken query to a voice-based virtual assistant contains specific trigger words related to mental health and emotional well-being. Such a simplistic approach lacks a nuanced understanding of the user’s context and state of mind when issuing the query. This disclosure describes techniques to infer the …

Offering Empathetic Coping Mechanisms In Response To Queries On Emotional Well-Being, N/A

Defensive Publications Series

Users may issue queries to a virtual assistant, search engine, or other technological interface to seek help when experiencing acute emotional distress. Current approaches of surfacing relevant information are unsuitable due to lack of trustworthy local resources that provide support, lack of supportive information content in the user’s language, etc. This disclosure describes techniques to present users with professionally vetted information on coping mechanism(s) and/or empathetic response(s) that support their emotional needs. When users issue queries related to emotional well-being, appropriate answers chosen from a pool of supportive responses collected from mental-health professionals can be presented with permission. The presentation …

Preventive Leakage Test Using Low Voltage Outputs From Any Ic Like Microcontroller Or Fpga, Hp Inc

Defensive Publications Series

The following document describes a novel invention that uses Digital and analog outputs from

microcontrollers and FPGAs (where it is easy to have a huge number of pins) to perform leakage

tests on the Power rails to find shorts before powering on the rails and enable high power through

the rail.

Secured And Integrated Mobile App For Government Communications, Johan Vercruysse

Defensive Publications Series

A system for communication between government and citizens has been conceived based upon a mobile app integrated high quality identification system, strong authentication, integration with government applications, integrated with services such as secured mail box or digital wallets, encryption and advanced pseudonymization.

A Green Transaction Tagging And A Method Of Assigning Green Score For Cards, Nuri Vinod Purswani Ramchandani, Namita Shah, Jinyeop Kim, Ajit Vilasrao Patil, Peiwen Wang, Praveen Kumar Arackal Thankappa Panicker, Anubhav Narang

Defensive Publications Series

The present disclosure relates to a method and a system for developing a green merchant scorecard and calculating a green score for cards based on expenditure data. The present disclosure uses server data, uniquely combined with external emissions data, to quantify how green businesses are eventually consumed by the consumers. Thereafter the emission data may be used for underwriting and cross-selling of green bonds/green loans by targeting the right consumers. The present disclosure provides a solution for identifying green brands and is used directly to compute carbon reduction in a purchase.

Qos Policies For Services On The Secure Internet Gateway In The Sdwan Deployments, Niranjan M M

Defensive Publications Series

SD-WAN deployments in enterprise would consists of group of branch routers, which are software-defined branch (SD-Branch) routers. SD-Branch is a branch router that supports SD-WAN routing, security and other LAN access features that can be managed centrally. A thick branch is a high-end device that can incorporate all these features and provide required scale and performance for large enterprises. However, on a lean branch, not all security features can be switched on. These branch routers can integrate with third party Secure Internet Gateways (SIG) for securing the enterprise traffic. With the integration of SD-WAN and third-party SIG, all the traffic …

Modular Voltage Regulator, N/A

Defensive Publications Series

A large, monolithic voltage regulator module placed under an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), e.g., on the bottom side of its printed circuit board (PCB) in a vertical power delivery configuration, can be subject to mechanical stress, creating long-term reliability problems and making socketed ASICs infeasible. This disclosure describes a modular voltage regulator, which is such that constituent modules of the voltage regulator can be placed at convenient locations below a PCB, enabling power delivery to the precise locations needed by the ASIC. The modular voltage regulator enables flexibility in design choices, reduces mechanical stress, supports multiple power rails, can …

System And Method Of Locking And Ranking The Resource For Utilization In A Distributed Scheduling System, Srijan Mukherjee, Nishant Kumar, Dhanuesh R C, Arunkumar P

Defensive Publications Series

The present disclosure relates to a system and a method of locking and ranking the resource for utilization in a distributed scheduling system. The method comprises prioritizing the jobs from the job pool based on the job properties and allocating the jobs to the scheduler. Before allocating the jobs to the scheduler, if the jobs are consumed, then a lock is added to the jobs based on state management. The jobs may be assigned a lock state based on the time of their access by the schedulers. The scheduler is configured to pick up the jobs which are not in …

Data Quality For Iot, Mohsin Alam, Juan Cazila, Fabio Salvemini

Defensive Publications Series

Techniques are described herein to monitor the data quality of sensors, edge computing and other devices. This may provide users with information regarding the quality of data provided.

Layer 2 Collision Avoidance Using Composed Mac Address, Thomas Vegas, Anirban Karmakar, Vincent Cuissard, Loris Gazzarrini

Defensive Publications Series

Techniques are presented herein that leverage the ability of wireless clients to employ a non-constant media access control (MAC) address (to, for example, avoid long-term tracking and identification) and which support a method for segmenting a MAC address field while making sure that wireless clients can still use a per-association non-constant or randomized MAC address (thus solving the tracking and radio collision issue). Aspects of the presented techniques ensure that collisions are prevented on the Distribution System Medium (DSM)/Distribution System Services (DSS) and ensure that a wireless infrastructure can still identify a wireless client across associations and during roaming. Use …

Providing Centralized And Rts/Cts-Based Channel Access And Reservation, Thomas Vegas, Vincent Cuissard, Loris Gazzarrini, Anirban Karmakar

Defensive Publications Series

In a mesh topology, the traffic between access points (APs) is very closely related. Under the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) standard 802.11, the carrier-sense multiple access with collision avoidance (CSMA/CA) and Request To Send (RTS)/Clear To Send (CTS) procedures only take into account station (STA)-to-STA transmissions, leading to inefficiencies and overhead for the mesh case. To address this type of challenge, techniques are presented herein that enable, within a wireless mesh network (WMN), collision-free RTS/CTS procedures supporting uplink channel access for the forwarding of backhaul traffic. Aspects of the presented techniques include a mechanism trough which every …

Diffused Corrosion Protection On Pressure Control Equipment, Taylor Mozisek, Nicolas Arteaga, Adam Dyer

Defensive Publications Series

A component for a pressure control equipment is provided. The component includes a body having a wall, wherein the wall includes a diffused corrosion protective layer diffused within a base layer of the wall.

Authenticity And Lifetime Of Products, Niranjan M M

Defensive Publications Series

Current Supply Chain management lacks in providing authenticity of the vendor and product purchased to the end user (customer). Also there are no evaluation to predict lifetime of the resold/refurbished product to the end user. The techniques presented herein is to use Holochain technology to provide authenticity of the vendor (i.e., whether vendor is certified by company or not) and product is legitimate/genuine or not, along with predicting lifetime of resold/refurbished products. This method for Supply Chain can guarantee that a sold or resold product is original and backed by company. It also certifies that vendors are authentic.

Recommender System For Recipes (Netflix Personalization)_Id-05777, Christian Mohr

Defensive Publications Series

The present invention provides a recommender system for recommending a food recipe to a user. The recommender system includes an automatic data collection module. Such a module comprises a recipe crawler engine configured to obtain recipe data available from online resources; a word vector engine configured to transform the recipe data into word vector data; and a feature extraction engine that analyses the word vector data to identify unique characteristics or attributes from the recipe data. The recommender system is further configured to annotate the identified attributes into a recipe database and to execute a matchmaking algorithm that correlates the …

Shortest Path Assisted User Plane Function Selection On 5g Session Management Function, Dennis Lanov

Defensive Publications Series

The architecture of a 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) fifth-generation (5G) network introduced, among other things, the dynamic control of user plane traffic through means of a User Plane Function (UPF). The selection of UPFs becomes an important task for the core network especially when multiple UPFs are involved. However, UPF selection is currently accomplished through the Domain Name System (DNS) and/or a static configuration, which does not provide a selection that is based on a number of hops or a delay between a gNodeB (gNB) and a UPF (or a Protocol Data Unit (PDU) session anchor (PSA)). To address …

Determining Driving Routes That Match User Preferences, Equipment, And Experience, Joe Turner

Defensive Publications Series

Drivers who lack the appropriate equipment or experience to traverse road segments with adverse conditions benefit from ensuring that their route does not pass through such segments. Else, they risk being stranded or rerouted to avoid the problematic road segments. Current routing techniques do not take into account such factors. This disclosure describes techniques to determine suitable driving routes that avoid adverse conditions, based on a user’s request, and based on information regarding vehicle capabilities and equipment availability. The routes are obtained based on combining such information with other relevant data, such as weather, terrain information, likely time of travel …

Secure Provenance Method For Traceability And Troubleshooting In Sdn Deployments, Niranjan M M

Defensive Publications Series

SDN deployments being large, finding faults in such large system is hard. Debugging in complex SDN deployments possess great challenges as the state of the system continuously changes due to the occurrence of the events, addition/deletion of application flows, network issues etc., Conventional logging method just logs all the generated messages locally and/or to the remote syslog and it is difficult to debug because of its volume. There are techniques which provides signed logging system, which just enhance authentication and trustworthiness of the logged messages but does not improve the traceability and troubleshooting any issue. The techniques presented herein, propose …

Reducing Distracted Driving, Ravi Soma

Defensive Publications Series

An operating system of a computing device (e.g., a smartphone, mobile phone, a tablet computer, a laptop computer, a wearable device, etc.) may limit various features of the computing device based on the location of the computing device within a vehicle (e.g., an automobile, a motorcycle, a bus, a recreational vehicle (RV), a semi-trailer truck, a tractor or other type of farm equipment, train, a plane, a boat, a helicopter, a personal transport vehicle, etc.). In some examples, the computing device may use ultra-wideband technology to perform device localization and in turn distinguish between being located in the driver’s area …

Method To Securely Auto-Recover The Stranded Mesh Router In Software-Defined Wireless Mesh Network Deployments, Niranjan M M

Defensive Publications Series

Software-Defined Wireless Mesh Network (SDWMN) deployments are considered as a viable option to provide wireless coverage for a vast area. SDWMN is combination of Software-Defined Networking (SDN) and Wireless Mesh Network (WMN). Backbone of a WMN is made up of dedicated wireless nodes called Mesh Routers (MRs). These MRs can be freely organised into any network topology and communicate with each other using protocols such as DSR, OLSR etc., to find optimised path and hence to achieve higher performance. However, potential isolated (disconnected) MRs are the major obstacles to achieve high performance. Due to dynamic nature of network topology and …

Aerial Edge Orchestrator, Sudha Katgeri, Lubna Rasheed, Jasna Jayaraj

Defensive Publications Series

Techniques are presented herein that support an optimized approach to deploying and re-deploying aerial edge nodes to dynamically meet fluctuating network needs, thus ensuring a better utilization and reuse of network resources. Aspects of the presented techniques include providing an Unmanned Aerial Edge Node (UA-EN) that may be managed by an Aerial Edge Orchestrator (AEO) in which the AEO can serve as a ‘single pane of glass’ for the deployment, management, and teardown of UA-ENs. The AEO may employ an automated workflow to provision UA-ENs, over a secure communication channel, to direct them, as needed, to congested locations. The AEO …

Application Centric Grouping Using Authentication And Key Management For Applications (Akma) Techniques, Rajesh I. V, Ram Mohan R

Defensive Publications Series

The 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Authentication and Key Management for Applications (AKMA) mechanism leverages an operator’s authentication infrastructure to secure the communication between a User Equipment (UE) and an Application Function (AF). Techniques are presented herein that support establishing a grouping mechanism on top of the AKMA layer to efficiently group the applications and the AFs, using a limited set of keys, to simplify various use cases. The use of the techniques presented herein offers a number of optimizations and benefits, including when an AF needs to send a dynamic update to all the UEs that are managing specific …

5g Network Deployments With De-Centralisation Of Policies And Configurations, Niranjan M M

Defensive Publications Series

5G network deployment comprises of multiple AMFs, SMFs, UPFs, gNodeBs etc., intended to provide collaborative services such as network slicing, session management, roaming, load balancing etc.,. These 5G network deployments being large, configuring individual AMFs, SMFs etc., in such large system is difficult. Presented herein are techniques to incorporate 5G network deployments with authenticated distributed ledger to securely store the configuration and subsequent configuration changes (keep only changes from the previous one, using dictionary method: key-value pair to identify the difference), so that AMF configuration can be shared across AMF Set or AMF Region. Further, access to the ledger is …