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Articles 6991 - 7020 of 15281
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The Relationships Between Socio-Economic Background And Youth Not In Education, Employment, Or Training In A Developing Country Context: A Case Study Of Thailand, Wei Liu
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
This paper explores the relationship between young people aged 15 to 24 who are not in education, employment, or training (NEET) and socio-economic background in Thailand. Using a linear probability model with 16,329 samples with data from 2007 Socio-Economic Survey of Thailand and 12,813 samples with data from the 2017 Socio-Economic Survey of Thailand, I find that the results are sensitive to the definition of NEET used. For NEET status that includes unpaid family workers, I find that in both 2007 and 2017 data, compared to the lowest income group, individuals from household with higher average monthly income per capita …
Contributing Factors In Aircraft Accidents Triggering Fatalities, Prakayphet Chalayonnawin
Contributing Factors In Aircraft Accidents Triggering Fatalities, Prakayphet Chalayonnawin
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
Air transport has always been considered the safest way to travel. It has contributed numerous economic and social benefits, for instance, connecting multimodal modes of transportation, increasing employment, driving global and local economic activities, reducing travel time and generating trade, tourism, and services, connecting people and countries, and supporting humanitarian activities in a remote rural area. Historical records on the fatality ratio suggested that air transportation has the highest likelihood of accidents (occurrences with fatalities) when compared to all other transportation modes, including highway, railroad, and water. Then, when an accident occurs, it largely affects various stakeholders. This study aims …
Gis Mapping Evaluation Of Stroke Service Areas In Bangkok Using Emergency Medical Services, Kiatirat Sreemongkol
Gis Mapping Evaluation Of Stroke Service Areas In Bangkok Using Emergency Medical Services, Kiatirat Sreemongkol
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
Nowadays, stroke is the leading cause of death in Thailand. Patients must be treated within 4.5 hours from symptom onset to increase recovery rate. Time is therefore a critical factor of the success or failure of the treatments. The objective of this research is to investigate the service coverage of various healthcare centers through current Emergency Medical Services (EMS) in Bangkok. To get service coverages for Stroke in Bangkok, the updated speed of the traffic and the amount of time it takes for each mode of transport for the pre-hospital stroke process are collected and examined using GIS mapping. The …
The Healthcare Information For Patient Referral, Veerawan Aumpanseang
The Healthcare Information For Patient Referral, Veerawan Aumpanseang
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
Despite the cooperative sharing of Health Information Exchange (HIE), various distinct limitations and barriers are found, i.e., substantial time and resources are being used to achieve health information. This paper aims to investigate the limits of healthcare information sharing policy implementation and assorts the critical and shareable set of relevant healthcare information to patient referral systems in Thailand. Mixed-methods research methodology, both quantitative and qualitative mechanisms are conducted. The study results present the correlation between the current healthcare information exchange among the hospitals in patient referral systems and the limitations of implementing the HIE policy composed of technical, economic, political, …
Pancyclicity And Vertex Pancyclicity For Some Products Of Graphs, Artchariya Muaengwaeng
Pancyclicity And Vertex Pancyclicity For Some Products Of Graphs, Artchariya Muaengwaeng
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
No abstract provided.
Global Analysis Of A Discrete Sirs Epidemic Model With Nonlinear Incidence Rate, Butsayapat Chaihao
Global Analysis Of A Discrete Sirs Epidemic Model With Nonlinear Incidence Rate, Butsayapat Chaihao
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
In this thesis, we prove some behaviors of a discrete SIRS epidemic model with a nonlinear incidence rate and a distributed time-delay. This model is constructed from the discretization of the corresponding continuous model by using a nonstandard finite difference method. The basic properties including the positivity and the boundedness of the solutions are established. We derive the existence of the disease-free equilibrium and the endemic equilibrium of the model. In addition, by applying Lyapunov function techniques, we prove that the disease-free equilibrium is globally attractive. Moreover, we give a sufficient condition for the permanence of the model. In order …
Hamiltonian Decompositions Of Hypergraphs, Chutima Saengchampa
Hamiltonian Decompositions Of Hypergraphs, Chutima Saengchampa
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
In this dissertation, we first discuss four versions of Hamiltonicity in hypergraphs. We mainly study the existence problem of Hamiltonian decompositions of uniform hypergraphs based on two versions of Hamiltonian cycles, so called ``KK-definition" and ``WJ-definition". For KK-definition, we create a recursive construction of KK-Hamiltonian decomposition of complete 3-uniform hypergraphs. Our construction method uses a KK-Hamiltonian decomposition of the complete 3-uniform hypergraph, Kt(3), and some well-known graph decompositions to obtain a KK-Hamiltonian decomposition of the complete t-partite 3-uniform hypergraph, Kt(n)(3), when t=4,8 (mod12), n>=2, as well as a KK-Hamiltonian decomposition of K2t(3). Therefore, together with the current results in …
Algebraic Degree Of Spectra Of Cayley Hypergraphs, Naparat Sripaisan
Algebraic Degree Of Spectra Of Cayley Hypergraphs, Naparat Sripaisan
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
No abstract provided.
Local Limit Theorems For Sums Of Independent Integer-Valued Lattice Random Variables, Punyapat Kammoo
Local Limit Theorems For Sums Of Independent Integer-Valued Lattice Random Variables, Punyapat Kammoo
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
No abstract provided.
Hamiltonian Cycles Of Equational Graphs Over Finite Fields, Wachirawit Chaifongsri
Hamiltonian Cycles Of Equational Graphs Over Finite Fields, Wachirawit Chaifongsri
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
No abstract provided.
Elastic Bending Behaviour Of Sandwich Composite Structures With Abs Cores By Using Additive Manufacturing, Dechawat Wannarong
Elastic Bending Behaviour Of Sandwich Composite Structures With Abs Cores By Using Additive Manufacturing, Dechawat Wannarong
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
Maintaining the lightweight performance of sandwich structures while achieving good bending strength and stiffness is difficult. Core materials for these programmable sandwich constructions are 3D printed with hexagonal honeycomb, re-entrant honeycomb, and circular honeycomb topologies with varying core densities. The bending stiffness and strength of these sandwich structures are determined by a three points bending test including an Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene core and a unidirectional carbon fibre reinforced polymer face sheet. The sandwich composite with the greater relative core density displays greater bending strength and stiffness than the composite with the lower relative core density. The sandwich composites beam with …
Effectiveness Of The New Ambulance Air Exhaust System In Reducing Aerosol Particle Concentration, Vasutorn Petrangsan
Effectiveness Of The New Ambulance Air Exhaust System In Reducing Aerosol Particle Concentration, Vasutorn Petrangsan
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
The objective of this work is to assess the effectiveness in reducing airborne particles of the Camfil® CC410-concealed air exhaust system, that is installed in the ER-1 ambulance (a King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital ambulance). This is done by diffusing aerosols into the cabin at the patient’s face position for an injection period (IP) of 1 minute and measuring the aerosol concentration inside the cabin over time. The experiment is conducted for 2 ventilation conditions, when the exhaust system is off (Minimal Ventilation: MV) and at maximum speed (High Ventilation: HV). Density of the aerosol is interpreted in terms of its …
Development Of Novel Point-Of-Care-Testing For Oxalate Detection In Urine Based On Oxalate-Binding Ligands, Naruerat Joybumrung
Development Of Novel Point-Of-Care-Testing For Oxalate Detection In Urine Based On Oxalate-Binding Ligands, Naruerat Joybumrung
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
Kidney stone disease is the third most common urinary tract disease worldwide that is more prevalent in the tropics. In Thailand, the highest stone prevalence up to 17% is reported in the Northeast. The disease is highly recurrent with a recurrence rate of about 50% within 5-10 years. The most common type of kidney stones is calcium oxalate (CaOx), and an increased urinary oxalate excretion is an important risk factor. Most of kidney stone patients have a hyperoxaluria condition (urinary oxalate >40 mg/day or >0.46 mmol/day). Therefore, urinary oxalate measurement has been widely used for estimating the risk of CaOx …
Epigenetic Regulation Of Reactive Oxygen Species-Induced Tumor Progression In Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Suchittra Phoyen
Epigenetic Regulation Of Reactive Oxygen Species-Induced Tumor Progression In Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Suchittra Phoyen
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
Oxidative stress is a consequence of an imbalance of antioxidants and reactive species. The most common form of reactive species is derived from oxygen, called reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS involve in pathogenesis of several diseases including cancers. Cancer genesis and progression are contributed through both genetic and epigenetic mechanisms. Histone modification, a post-translational modification at histone tails, is one of the epigenetic mechanisms known to participate in carcinogenesis and tumor progression. Although the ROS-induced histone modification alteration has been demonstrated in some cancers, the change in histone methylation and gene expression by ROS in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is scarcely …
Integrative Transcriptomic Analysis And Validation Of Non-Coding Rna In Liver Cancers, Varunya Virushkul
Integrative Transcriptomic Analysis And Validation Of Non-Coding Rna In Liver Cancers, Varunya Virushkul
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA) are the most common and cause cancer-related deaths. Due to the lack of sensitivity and specificity of conventional markers, such as AFP, CA19-9 and CEA. Thus, this study aimed to identify miRNAs as a diagnostic biomarker for HCC and iCCA. First, in discovery set, RNA sequencing and small RNA sequencing data of 992 HCC and adjacent tissues and 116 iCCA and adjacent tissues were downloaded from the GEO database. After that, the lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA network was constructed and analyzed for the differential expression of lncRNA (DElncRNA), miRNA (DEmiRNA), and mRNA (DEmRNA). Then, the significant …
Development Of A Human Viable Heavy Chain Antibody Against The Alpha Folate Receptor As A Molecule For Targeted Application By Phage Display Technology, Nattihda Parakasikron
Development Of A Human Viable Heavy Chain Antibody Against The Alpha Folate Receptor As A Molecule For Targeted Application By Phage Display Technology, Nattihda Parakasikron
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
Alpha folate receptor (FRα) is currently under investigation as a target for the treatment of patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), since it is highly expressed in tumor cells but is largely absent in normal tissue. In this study, a novel human variable domain of a heavy-chain (VH) antibody fragment specific to FRα was enriched and selected by phage bio-planning. The positive phage clone (3A102 VH) is specifically bound to FRα and also cross-reacted with FRβ, as tested by ELISA. Clone 3A102 VH was then successfully expressed as a soluble protein in an E. coli shuffle strain. The obtained soluble …
A Comparative Study Of Gut Microbiota In The Healthy Elderly And The Elderly With Colorectal Cancer, Nutta Iadsee
A Comparative Study Of Gut Microbiota In The Healthy Elderly And The Elderly With Colorectal Cancer, Nutta Iadsee
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
Colorectal cancer is one of the third most common cancer worldwide. Dysbiosis of the human gut microbiota has been linked to sporadic colorectal cancer (CRC). This study aimed to compare the gut microbiota profile of a total of 80 Thai volunteers, who were above 50 years old, among 25 CRC patients, 33 adenoma patients, and 22 healthy controls (HC). The 16S rRNA sequencing was utilized to characterize the gut microbiome in both mucosal tissue and stool samples. Moreover, absolute quantitative PCR (qPCR) assay was conducted to quantify six CRC-associated bacteria including Fusobacterium nucleatum (FN), Parvimonas micra (PM), colibactin positive strains …
The Effect Of Xylitol And Erythritol In The Presence Of Sucrose On Single And Mixed-Species Biofilm Of Early Colonizer And Cariogenic Streptococci, Panadda Yuapibanrak
The Effect Of Xylitol And Erythritol In The Presence Of Sucrose On Single And Mixed-Species Biofilm Of Early Colonizer And Cariogenic Streptococci, Panadda Yuapibanrak
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
Dental caries is caused by multiple factors. An essential factor is sucrose. Dental caries is the result of an imbalance between early colonizers and cariogenic bacteria in biofilms. Sugar alcohols, xylitol and erythritol, become more popular because they do not cause cavities and are also effective at preventing caries. In everyday life, however, sucrose consumption is unavoidable. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of xylitol and erythritol in the presence of sucrose on single- and mixed-species biofilm of early colonizers and cariogenic bacteria. Bacteria were cultured in broth containing 1% sucrose compared to broth containing …
Comparative Response Of Dendritic Cells To Pathogenic And Non-Pathogenic Leptospira Spp., Pratomporn Krangvichian
Comparative Response Of Dendritic Cells To Pathogenic And Non-Pathogenic Leptospira Spp., Pratomporn Krangvichian
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease caused by pathogenic Leptospira species, which consist of three groups and contain 4 subclades: pathogenic strains (P1), intermediate strains (P2), and non-pathogenic strains (S1 and S2). Infection of pathogenic leptospires occurs through contact with contaminated environments. Then, leptospires present in the bloodstream disseminate to target organs. Nowadays, the knowledge of the immune response to pathogenic and non-pathogenic leptospires during early infection is still limited. Due to the limitation of a susceptible host, immunological reagents for hamsters and strains of mice are limited and not available. Dendritic cells are the first cells to encounter leptospires found …
Designing An Extracorporeal Plasma Filtration Column With Specific Binding To Dengue Virions, Sasiwimon Thonghong
Designing An Extracorporeal Plasma Filtration Column With Specific Binding To Dengue Virions, Sasiwimon Thonghong
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
Dengue infection is one of the major public health concerns and no specific treatment is currently available. An extracorporeal system is one of the alternative treatment in severe dengue patients with impending shock. However, the commercial immunoadsorption devices were size-exclusive, non-selective designed for multipurpose thus not specific for dengue syndrome. This study focuses on establishing the flavivirus-specific (4G2) antibody entrapped into the alginate bead. Results showed that the viral titer reduced more than 90 % after 3 h running on a simulated circuit quantified by reverse transcription qPCR and plaque titration assay. The experiments were repeated with two biological replicates …
The Synergistic Activity Of Antibiotic Combinations Against Colistin-Resistant Acinetobacter Baumannii Clinical Isolates And Its Mechanisms Related To Colistin Resistance, Sukrit Srisakul
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
The increasing development of colistin resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii clinical isolates is a global concern. Due to the limitation of effective antibiotics, the antibiotic combination therapies are the alternative choices. Here, we investigated the prevalence of colistin resistant A. baumannii (CoR-AB) clinical isolates and their resistance mechanisms, and examined the in vitro synergistic activities of the antibiotic combinations against CoR-AB. Among 341 carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter spp., 317 (92.0%) were identified as A. baumannii by gyrB multiplex PCR. The rate of colistin resistance was 15.1% in A. baumannii isolates with MIC range of 0.125 – 64 mg/L. A total of 30 representative …
Endotoxemia From Nsaids-Induced Gut-Leakage Enhanced Lupus Characteristics In Fc Gamma Receptor Iib Deficient Lupus Mice, Thansita Bhunyakarnjanarat
Endotoxemia From Nsaids-Induced Gut-Leakage Enhanced Lupus Characteristics In Fc Gamma Receptor Iib Deficient Lupus Mice, Thansita Bhunyakarnjanarat
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
High dose of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), the common analgesia, might induce lupus activity through NSAIDs-induced gastrointestinal permeability defect (gut leakage) that causes endotoxemia. Indomethacin (25 mg/day) was orally administered for 7 days in 24-week-old Fc gamma receptor IIb deficient (FcgRIIb-/-) mice, an asymptomatic lupus model, and age-matched wild-type (WT) mice. The severity of indomethacin-induced enteropathy in FcgRIIb-/- mice was higher than WT mice as demonstrated by intestinal injury (histology, immune-deposition and intestinal cytokines), gut leakage (FITC-dextran assay and endotoxemia) and serum cytokines. In addition, higher responses against endotoxemia in indomethacin-administered FcgRIIb-/- mice was also supported by the prominent responses …
Impact Of Bacterial Dna In Severity Of Sepsis, Warerat Kaewduangduen
Impact Of Bacterial Dna In Severity Of Sepsis, Warerat Kaewduangduen
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
Bacterial sepsis can be caused by intestinal damage, leading to the passage of viable bacteria and their components into the circulatory system. Bacterial-free DNA in the blood during sepsis can be derived from bacterial death and intestinal translocation of free DNA in the gut contents. The presence of bacterial DNA in combination with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) can lead to more serious outcomes of sepsis. To explore the impact of bacterial-free DNA in sepsis, animal and macrophage experiments were performed. Firstly, the appearance of bacterial-free DNA and bacteriome in the blood was presented in mice with cecal ligation and puncture sepsis. Secondly, …
Dosimetric Comparison Of Rapidplan And Manually Optimized Plans For Hippocampus Avoidance Whole Brain Radiation Therapy, Laksamon Phimolasawakun
Dosimetric Comparison Of Rapidplan And Manually Optimized Plans For Hippocampus Avoidance Whole Brain Radiation Therapy, Laksamon Phimolasawakun
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
Nowadays, whole-brain radiation therapy (WBRT) is a good method to cure brain metastases. However, it has been noted that whole-brain radiation therapy could be a cause to neurological toxicity which could damage the hippocampus that is an important part of forming long-term memories. The HA-WBRT is a complicated plan depending on planner skills, the researcher would like to simplify this problem using knowledge-based planning called RapidPlan. The objective of this study was to compare the dosimetric difference of RapidPlan and manually optimized plans for the treatment of HA-WBRT. The RapidPlan model was created for HA-WBRT. The PTV and OARs constraints …
Hepatic Lesion Detectability On Dual Energy Computed Tomography Imaging : Phantom Study, Hataipat Jantawong
Hepatic Lesion Detectability On Dual Energy Computed Tomography Imaging : Phantom Study, Hataipat Jantawong
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
The purpose of this study is to determine the hepatic lesion detectability in abdomen from various phantom sizes by dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) imaging and to investigate the factors affecting the detectability of hepatic lesion in abdomen by dual-energy CT in phantom study. The anthropomorphic liver with nodule inserted phantom with extension rings simulating the small, medium, and large patients were scanned under DECT acquisitions by varying three kVp combinations (80/-,90/-, and 100/Sn150-kVp). The series of 40-,50-,60-, and 70-keV VMI were generated from DECT data set. All images were used to assess the task-based image quality; task transfer function (TTF), …
Determination Of Field Output Correction Factors In Elongated Small Field Photon Beams, Mananchaya Vimolnoch
Determination Of Field Output Correction Factors In Elongated Small Field Photon Beams, Mananchaya Vimolnoch
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
IAEA along with AAPM have published a code of practice TRS 483 for small field dosimetry. The field correction output factors of various detectors were introduced to correct detector response changes in relative dosimetry. However, the publication of TRS 483 has focused on symmetry field sizes, the correction factors for elongated small fields are not included in the protocol. The overall objective of this work is to determine the field output correction factor in elongated small field. The correction factors of IBA CC01, Sun nuclear EDGE, and Exradin W2 PSD for 6 MV photon beam were determined using Monte Carlo …
Evaluation Of Integral Depth-Dose Curves In Proton Pencil Beam Scanning Using Plane-Parallel Ionization Chambers, Phatthraporn Thasasi
Evaluation Of Integral Depth-Dose Curves In Proton Pencil Beam Scanning Using Plane-Parallel Ionization Chambers, Phatthraporn Thasasi
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
Proton therapy is an advanced form of radiation therapy treatment that can potentially decrease side effects and increase tumor control probability. The integral depth-dose curve is an essential parameter that has to be determined and introduced into the proton treatment planning system for the dose calculation. Besides the halo, the integral depth-dose curve measurements should be performed with a large-diameter plane-parallel ionization chamber. The purpose of this research is to determine the integral depth-dose curves and assess the geometrical collection efficiency at intermediate depths of different detector diameters in proton pencil beam scanning. The integral depth-dose curves with a proton …
Baselines Of Daily Quality Assurance For Proton Pencil Beam Scanning Using The Sphinx Compact, Tanapat Tiajaroen
Baselines Of Daily Quality Assurance For Proton Pencil Beam Scanning Using The Sphinx Compact, Tanapat Tiajaroen
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
Quality assurance (QA) is a systematic process used to determine whether the product meets specified requirements. The American Association of Physicists in Medicine (AAPM) published a comprehensive proton therapy machine QA in TG-224 to provide confidence in use. King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital (KCMH) recently operated the first proton therapy center in Thailand, and the data of daily QA are not available or established. This study aims to apply the control chart for establishing the baselines of daily QA for the proton pencil beam scanning system using the Sphinx Compact detector. The Sphinx Compact was used to perform the proton daily …
Moderated Neutron Detector For Accumulated Ambient Dose Equivalent In Proton Therapy, Tanawat Tawonwong
Moderated Neutron Detector For Accumulated Ambient Dose Equivalent In Proton Therapy, Tanawat Tawonwong
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
The Varian ProBeam compact was installed at Her Royal Highness Princess Maha Chakri Sirindhorn Proton Center. Since 2017, the project has started at the King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital and after 4 years, during Covid19 pandemic, the 1st patient treatment received proton therapy on August, 2021. The radiation safety of the center was accomplished through firstly, the shielding calculation and secondary, the radiation survey at the milestone points such as cyclotron installation and 1st Beam ON at the treatment room. The only one WENDI-II dosimeter was used in radiation survey. The main purpose of this study is to validate the in-house …
Dosimetric Impact Of Interplay Effects Instereotactic Body Radiation Therapy (Sbrt) Lung Cancer, Vanida Poolnapol
Dosimetric Impact Of Interplay Effects Instereotactic Body Radiation Therapy (Sbrt) Lung Cancer, Vanida Poolnapol
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
Lung cancer patient breathing induced interplay effects in the volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) together with stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT), which lead to non-uniform doses within the target volume and unwanted dose to the surrounding tissues. The purpose of this study was to investigate the dosimetric impact of interplay effects in 6 MV FFF of photon beams for lung cancer and to calculate the novel interplay effects factor (IEF) for VMAT-SBRT lung cancer. This study performed the static and dynamic measurements using two dimensions (2D) robotic platform and diode array for 3D-conformal radiation therapy (3D-CRT) plans, while using three …