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Product Development Of Rice Milk Soap, Jiradej Ekthumrong
Product Development Of Rice Milk Soap, Jiradej Ekthumrong
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
The objective of this research is to develop rice into rice milk soap using Quality Function Deployment (QFD) in order to add value to the product. The current rice production process can produce some broken rice, which is of low value. In order to increase value, the study is conducted to develop it into rice milk soap product. Quality Function Deployment is used to analyze and develop the product that best answer customer needs. There are data collection on customers through surveys to gain insights used for product development and rough product to market business plan. The result of this …
Assessing Feasibility Of Water Accounting Toolkit For In A Poultry Processing Plant, Kantinant Silabhusith
Assessing Feasibility Of Water Accounting Toolkit For In A Poultry Processing Plant, Kantinant Silabhusith
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
In this project, we will be looking into the use of a toolkit called water accounting as applied to a food processing plant and determine its effectiveness as a toolkit for monitoring water usage in a factory. The main objective of this thesis report is to 1. Recommend reducing water consumption by applying the water accounting toolkit. 2. Provide a standardized tool for the case study company to measure their sustainability progress and communicate that information clearly. This report will also discuss the extent in which the company can reduce their water consumption and their various methods in which to …
Decision Support System For Supplier Selection In Gas Pipeline Industry, Kawinkorn Ampornmaha
Decision Support System For Supplier Selection In Gas Pipeline Industry, Kawinkorn Ampornmaha
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
The objective of this research was to study and analyse both the quantitative and qualitative decision criteria for pipeline fabrication supplier selection in the gas pipeline industry in Rayong, Thailand. The decision-making process was analysed by the Analytic Hierarchy Process technique or AHP and computed using SpiceLogic software. The data collection was carried out by providing questionnaires to experts and specialists at the management level. It was found that the main factors were quality, technical capability, delivery, cost and financial stability. All the main factors were considered with the decision-making process for purchasing and selecting with the best supplier. The …
Tracking System Design For A Production Warehouse Of Automobile Condensers, Kittisak Lertkajornkitti
Tracking System Design For A Production Warehouse Of Automobile Condensers, Kittisak Lertkajornkitti
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
In order to survive in a harshly competitive market, a company needs to enhance not only its core operational efficiency but also the performance of other business functions, including the supportive ones. As such, in this thesis, we will explore how we could improve the performance of one important supportive operation in a Thai automobile condenser manufacturer, namely the warehousing process, using RFID tracking technology. RFID tracking technology is brought into consideration by the company’s management team due to its current warehousing issues, including inventory mismatch, inventory misplacement, and faulty delivery. We found that the root cause of these problems …
Preventive Measures For Project Schedule Control Of Combined Cycle Gas Turbine Power Plant, Pakorn Prabhawong
Preventive Measures For Project Schedule Control Of Combined Cycle Gas Turbine Power Plant, Pakorn Prabhawong
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
The objectives of this research are to analyse the construction critical paths of the combined cycle gas turbine power plant projects and to determine the delay preventive measures for project schedule control. First, the planned and actual construction schedules of the combined cycle gas turbine power plants have been studied and analysed to see their critical paths and also the near-critical path which could potentially become critical. Construction schedules of four power plants constructed in Thailand have been obtained and analysed. Their capacities and main equipment arrangement are summarized in Chapter 5.1. The common work breakdown structures have been set …
Big Data Analytics For Improving Customer Win-Back Rate In Townhome Segment, Warot Lilahajiva
Big Data Analytics For Improving Customer Win-Back Rate In Townhome Segment, Warot Lilahajiva
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
Thailand’s real-estate market is now facing with negative growth, where most developers are encountered with challenges in generating satisfactory revenue, particularly from new customers. In order to improve the revenue stream, customer win-back approach that focuses on current customers in the sales funnel and re-engages them by offering more attractive residential projects is therefore initiated. In particular, we focus on the development of predictive analytics model that potentially increases customer win-back rate by exploring the current databases, identifying significance for win-back (based on past performance), and testing the resulting predictions via several machine learning algorithms. The proposed method returns a …
Variability Of English Past Tense Morphology By L1 Thai And L1 French Learners, Chariya Prapobratanakul
Variability Of English Past Tense Morphology By L1 Thai And L1 French Learners, Chariya Prapobratanakul
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
This study examined variability of English past tense morphology by L1 Thai and L1 French learners. English, French and Thai are different in that past tense inflectional morphology is obligatory in English and French, but not in Thai. Based on the Failed Functional Features Hypothesis (FFFH) (Hawkins & Chan, 1997; Hawkins & Liszka, 2003), it was hypothesized that variability of English past tense morphology by L1 Thai learners was due to non-target-like syntactic representations, not the target-like syntactic representations according to the Missing Surface Inflection Hypothesis (MSIH) (Prévost & White, 2000; Lardiere, 2003). A cloze test and a grammaticality judgment …
The Effects Of Speaking Instruction Using Differentiated-Flipped Learning Approach On Speaking Ability And Levels Of Willingness To Communicate Of Thai Efl Undergraduates, Kanpajee Rattanasaeng
The Effects Of Speaking Instruction Using Differentiated-Flipped Learning Approach On Speaking Ability And Levels Of Willingness To Communicate Of Thai Efl Undergraduates, Kanpajee Rattanasaeng
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
The study aim (1) to investigate the effects of speaking instruction using differentiated-flipped learning approach on students’ speaking ability, (2) to examine the effects of speaking instruction using differentiated-flipped learning approach on students’ levels of willingness to communicate, (3) to investigate the relationship between speaking ability and willingness to communicate, and (4) to examine the students’ perceptions toward speaking instruction using differentiated-flipped learning approach. Thirty second to fourth - year undergraduates from the Faculty of Agro-Industry in King Mongkut’s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang were chosen as the sample group. The study was a single group design using quantitative and qualitative …
Effects Of Oracy Building Instruction Via Blended Learning Environment On Eil Students’ Metacognitive Awareness, Kusuma Bangkom
Effects Of Oracy Building Instruction Via Blended Learning Environment On Eil Students’ Metacognitive Awareness, Kusuma Bangkom
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
The study aim (1) to develop oracy skills instruction in a blended-learning environment, (2) to investigate the effects of students’ metacognitive awareness after implementing the oracy building instruction via blended-learning environment, (3) and to investigate the students’ opinion towards using blended-learning environment. Twenty- nine high school students in Rayong were chosen as the sample group. The findings revealed that 1) there was a significant improvement of the participants’ metacognitive awareness after taking OBIBLE, 2) there was a significant improvement of the participants’ oracy skills after taking OBIBLE, 3) the students had positive opinions towards blened-learning environment. This research provides empirical …
An Investigation Of The Quality Of Thai Undergraduate Students’ Peer Feedback, Interaction Patterns, And Written Revisions Through The Incorporation Of Technology, Nutchayaporn Jaritngarm
An Investigation Of The Quality Of Thai Undergraduate Students’ Peer Feedback, Interaction Patterns, And Written Revisions Through The Incorporation Of Technology, Nutchayaporn Jaritngarm
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
Giving and receiving feedback is an important facet in developing writing. This study aimed to investigate different online interaction patterns during peer feedback activity and to examine how it could lead to students’ writing improvement. The study sample consisted of 30 first-year undergraduate students of Chulalongkorn University who were enrolled in a required foundation English course II. Subjects were classified into three writing proficiency levels using scores from an English writing proficiency test. They were required to use an online platform to provide peer feedback anonymously on two writing assignments. Quantitative and qualitative data were collected from students’ online interactions, …
An Interlanguage Study Of L2 Perception And Production Of English Word Stress By L1 Thai Learners., Sawaros Jaiprasong
An Interlanguage Study Of L2 Perception And Production Of English Word Stress By L1 Thai Learners., Sawaros Jaiprasong
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
The aim of this study was to investigate L1 Thai learners’ English word stress perception and production of two different groups of English words: English words with different suffixes (suffixes affecting stress shift and neutral suffixes) and compound words (compound nouns and compound verbs). Three objectives were 1) to compare and contrast the perception of English word stress focusing on words, 2) to compare and contrast the production of English word stress focusing on words and 3) to investigate whether there is a relationship between L1 Thai learners’ perception and production of English word stress. Two groups of L1 Thai …
Out-Of-Class Language Learning Strategies Of Thai University Students During Participant In The Summer Work And Travel Program, Thunyaporn Thanasumbun
Out-Of-Class Language Learning Strategies Of Thai University Students During Participant In The Summer Work And Travel Program, Thunyaporn Thanasumbun
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
It has long believed that in-class instruction alone is not sufficient to promote language skill development of second and foreign language learners, so spending time during school break in a country where the target language is spoken is one way to further increase their language proficiency outside classes. The present study aimed to investigate out-of-class language learning strategies and intercultural competence skills of 353 Thai undergraduate students who participated in the Summer Work and Travel Program in the United States in the year 2018. Quantitative data were collected using the Strategy Inventory for Language Learning (SILL) developed by Oxford (1990) …
An Interlanguage Study Of Lexical Priming And The Acquisition Of English Vocabulary By L1 Thai Learners, Suparuthai It-Ngam
An Interlanguage Study Of Lexical Priming And The Acquisition Of English Vocabulary By L1 Thai Learners, Suparuthai It-Ngam
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
The present study explored English vocabulary acquisition of L1 Thai learners. The lexical priming, which implies the lexical access, was examined to illustrate the vocabulary acquisition. The organization of the mental lexicon and the lexical processing of Thai learners were examined using the lexical priming experiments. The factors affecting the vocabulary acquisition were also investigated through qualitative approach. The present interlanguage study is a cross-sectional research that compared the English vocabulary acquisition of the learners with different degrees of language exposure. The sample groups were selected by stratified random sampling. They were Thai undergraduates who were living in Thailand. The …
Co-Creating Built Environment For Sustainable Development: A Case Study Of Ban Moh, Mahasarakham Province, Chainun Prompen
Co-Creating Built Environment For Sustainable Development: A Case Study Of Ban Moh, Mahasarakham Province, Chainun Prompen
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
Co-creation has been used widely in many fields, including innovation design, service design, and district development. In Thailand, many development projects apply co-creation as an approach to development. However, the academic knowledge about co-creating built environment in Thailand is limited and remains unclear. Therefore, this study aims to understand the processes and practices of co-creating built environment in the context of Thailand through the description and analysis of cases. The four case studies described here include the Chantaboon riverfront community in Chantaburi Province, Ban Pred Nai community in Trat Province, Ban Mun Kong project in Samut Prakan Province, and Pru …
Heterogeneity In Reactions To Monetary Policy Of Thai Stock Returns, Siraphop Swingthong
Heterogeneity In Reactions To Monetary Policy Of Thai Stock Returns, Siraphop Swingthong
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
This paper investigates the effect of Thailand and U.S. monetary policy shock on stock market in Thailand for three level; market, industries and firm level from June 2000 to December 2018. In addition, this paper studies which firm characteristic cause the heterogeneity effect of stock and industry return on monetary policy innovation. Structural Vector Error Correction model follows Kim & Roubini (1999) and Ivrendi & Gulogu (2010) is applied to identify monetary policy shock.This paper finds that SET index return is statistically decrease 1.12 percentage point, on average in reaction to one standard deviation of unexpected increase in Thailand monetary …
Development Of Functional Foods Based On Anthocyanin-Rich Riceberry Rice Extract (Oryza Sativa L.) And Its Effects On Postprandial Biochemical Parameters In Human., Tanisa Anuyahong
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
Riceberry rice (Oryza sativa L.), is a crossbreed of Kao Hom Nin, a local non-glutinous purple rice and Khoa Dawk Mali 105. Its pigment contains high amount of antioxidant compounds, especially anthocyanins. Previously, riceberry rice exhibited its food application with high antioxidant activity. However, the potential of food application of riceberry rice extract (RBE) in yogurt and beverage products and its postprandial effect on humans remains unknown. In this study, RBE was prepared from a mixture of riceberry rice and distilled water in 1:2 w/v ratio following the freeze-drying process. The results showed that RBE contained phenolic compounds and anthocyanins …
Nutritional Status And Dietary Perceptions In Colorectal Cancer Patients Undergoing Adjuvant Chemotherapy, Wipapak Raksawongsa
Nutritional Status And Dietary Perceptions In Colorectal Cancer Patients Undergoing Adjuvant Chemotherapy, Wipapak Raksawongsa
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
Colorectal cancer treatment usually involves surgical resection following by adjuvant chemotherapy. Pathology and treatment are major causes of malnutrition. Therefore, this group of patients should receive specific nutritional counseling. Changes in eating behavior occur when the patients perceive the benefits of changes. Dietary perceptions information is useful in nutrition care. The aim of this prospective study was to examine the effect of individualized nutritional counseling on the nutritional status and dietary perceptions of 35 colorectal cancer patients receiving adjuvant chemotherapy at King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital from March to November 2019. The data were collected during the first to the third …
Antimicrobial Effect Against Oral Microbiota After Continuous Use Of Natural Oral Spray Products, Chanon Suwanprapis
Antimicrobial Effect Against Oral Microbiota After Continuous Use Of Natural Oral Spray Products, Chanon Suwanprapis
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
So far as we know there were several natural extracts possessed antimicrobial activity against oral microbiota. These natural extracts can be used as an alternative to replace chlorhexidine mouthwash which retains unfavorable flavor and also has some adverse effects. However, the antimicrobial activity of the natural extracts in commercial products have never been demonstrated especially in vivo studies. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the antimicrobial activity of natural oral spray against oral bacteria compared with chlorhexidine mouthwash, and patient satisfaction. Participants had used two types of commercial natural oral spray products, including essential oil and essential …
Tooth Agenesis In Thai Population: Prevalence, Characteristics And Its Genetic Variant In A Thai Family, Charinya Kanchanasevee
Tooth Agenesis In Thai Population: Prevalence, Characteristics And Its Genetic Variant In A Thai Family, Charinya Kanchanasevee
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
Objectives: To assess the prevalence and characteristics of tooth agenesis in Thai population and to identify the genetic variants in a family affected with tooth agenesis. Methods: Panoramic radiographs in a random sample of Thai patients from 15 to 20 years of age which were taken in 2017 at the Faculty of Dentistry, Demographic data (age and sex) and dental characteristics of the patients were recorded. A chi-square test was used to determine the differences in the prevalence of tooth agenesis between sexes, maxillary-mandibular teeth, left-right sides, and numbers of missing teeth. Three mL of blood samples were collected for …
Associations Between Social Determinants And Prosthesis Obtained In Bangkok Elders: 10 Years After Universal Coverage Policy Implementation, Chutimont Jindarojanakul
Associations Between Social Determinants And Prosthesis Obtained In Bangkok Elders: 10 Years After Universal Coverage Policy Implementation, Chutimont Jindarojanakul
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
In these ten years, the number of elderly populations in Bangkok has increased every year and tooth loss is still a major oral problem in their daily life. The main treatment in solving this problem is to replace the edentulous ridge with a prosthesis. There are many factors that affect the elderly to obtain the prosthesis. For the financial aspect, the government has supported the elderly by three main supporting insurance systems. The aim of this study is to investigate the associations between social determinants and prosthesis obtained of the elderly in Bangkok, during 10 years after the implementation of …
Oral Candida Colonization In Thai Denture Wearing Elderly With Hyposalivation, Nada Buranarom
Oral Candida Colonization In Thai Denture Wearing Elderly With Hyposalivation, Nada Buranarom
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
Objective: To examine relationships between hyposalivation, oral Candida colonization and oral health status in generally healthy elders and evaluate factors that affect salivary flow rates and Candida colonization in a cross-sectional study. Materials and methods: Fifty-three elderly participants were enrolled and interviewed for medical history, subjective dry mouth symptoms, oral hygiene practice and denture information. Unstimulated and stimulated salivary flow rates, clinical signs of dry mouth, gingival index, tongue coating index and root caries index were recorded. Stimulated saliva samples were cultured on Sabouraud dextrose agar for colony counts and Candida species were identified with chromogenic Candida agar and polymerase …
Prevalence And Oral Health-Related Factors Associated With Mild Cognitive Impairment In Elderly Dental Patients At Faculty Of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Panatcha Weerapol
Prevalence And Oral Health-Related Factors Associated With Mild Cognitive Impairment In Elderly Dental Patients At Faculty Of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Panatcha Weerapol
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
This study aims to assess the prevalence of Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) and its oral health-related factors in elderly dental patients at Geriatric dentistry clinic and Prosthodontic clinic of Faculty of Dentistry, Total 248 dental patients aged 60 years and above were recruit. Average age of participants was 68.68 years with 73.0 % female. Cognitive functions were assessed by Montreal Cognitive Assessment Thai version (MoCA-T). Individual data were obtained by self-reported interview. Oral examinations were evaluated by a dentist. The prevalence of MCI was found 29.4% in elderly dental patients and was higher than among general elders. Oral health-related factors …
A Comparison Of Microrna Profiles Between Rat Incisors And Molars, Sirawit Nipakasem
A Comparison Of Microrna Profiles Between Rat Incisors And Molars, Sirawit Nipakasem
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
Unlike the molar, rodent incisor is a distinct organ that have continuously growth at distal end of tooth throughout its lifetime to compensate for abrasion. The key of continuous growth is the result of delayed root formation and prolonged crown formation that possibly made by stem cell niche, so-called cervical loop, which involve various genes and signaling pathways. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding single stranded RNAs that involved in biological mechanisms of dental development. To study the role of miRNA, we extracted total RNA from the dental pulp tissue collected from the apical part, coronal part of incisors and molars, …
Oral Health-Related Quality Of Life And Related Factors In The Elderly Patients Who Received Dental Treatment, Teerawut Tatiyapongpaiboon
Oral Health-Related Quality Of Life And Related Factors In The Elderly Patients Who Received Dental Treatment, Teerawut Tatiyapongpaiboon
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
This thesis is a cross-sectional study which explores underlying determinants of elderly patients. The study examines related factor that impaired Oral Health-related Quality of life (OHRQoL) and analyzes the characteristics of elderly patients at our clinic. 46 participants are patients who completed dental treatment more than 6 months during May 2016 to December 2018. Underlying determinants information were recorded by interview, patient chart review and oral examination. There were collected self-evaluation and Oral Impacts on Daily Performances (OIDP). Descriptive statistics was used to describe the characteristics of patients. Spearman correlation and Kruskal-Wallis test at P-value < 0.05 were performed. From the results, the participant’s OIDP scores showed the majority in no severity and no more than 2 impacts activities. The major activities that were impacted were eating activity and speaking activity due to ill-fitting dentures but less impacts in psychological and social performance. There was poor denture satisfaction that impaired participant’s OHRQoL. However, there were differences between dentist and patient evaluation. The authors suggest that the dental treatment should focus on the recall system, the frequency of dental recall visits, procedures to successful oral hygiene instruction and skills to handle the denture problems.
Heavy Metals In Hair And Nails Of Electronic Waste Dismantling Workers In Buriram, Thailand, Jaruwan Silachan
Heavy Metals In Hair And Nails Of Electronic Waste Dismantling Workers In Buriram, Thailand, Jaruwan Silachan
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
This study aimed to investigate and compare the concentration of eight heavy metals (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn) in hair and nails of e-waste workers and non-e-waste workers. Hair and nails samples were collected from participants in Daeng Yai sub-district, Ban Mai Chaiyapot district, and Ban Pao sub-district, Puttatisong district, Buriram, Thailand from December 2018 to January 2019. All sampled were digested with nitric acid by microwave digester and the concentration of heavy metals was analyzed by using Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). The results showed that the concentration of As and Cd in both …
The Impact Of Family Structure And Family Income On Child Physical Health In China, Baode Zhao
The Impact Of Family Structure And Family Income On Child Physical Health In China, Baode Zhao
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
The purpose of this article is to study the relationship between child health and family income and family structure. The main use of the Height-for-Age Z score (HAZ) indicator and whether the child has been sick in the past four weeks (Ill) is used as an indicator to measure children's physical health. The main explanatory variables are family income and family structure. In terms of family structure, we mainly focus on the special group of single-parent families. In addition, it also explores other factors that affect children's health, such as demographic factors, sociological factors, and economic factors. This research will …
Parental And Peer Influence On Adolescent Smoking In Vietnam, Duong Hai Yen
Parental And Peer Influence On Adolescent Smoking In Vietnam, Duong Hai Yen
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
To estimate the magnitude of the association between parent and peer influences on adolescent smoking as non-; light-; and heavy current smokers. By using data from 18,912 adolescents, ages from 13 to 15 years, from two years 2007 and 2014 of the Global Youth Tobacco Survey in Vietnam, were selected for these analyses. Data collected included measures for the smoking status of the adolescent and their parents and friends. Descriptive analysis was used to describe the characteristics of each individual variable. After that, the ordered logistic regression was applied to estimate the relationship between smoking behaviour of parents and peer, …
The Impact Of Economic Development On Health : A Country-Level Analysis, Huiying Wang
The Impact Of Economic Development On Health : A Country-Level Analysis, Huiying Wang
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
This study investigates the impact of economic development on health, using a panel of 217 countries (139 high-income and 78 low-income countries for the period 1995-2018). Five dependent variables are included, which are life expectancy at birth, infant mortality, under-5 mortality, survival to age 65 for the female and the male population. The preferred regression method used is fixed effects - two stage least squares modeling (FE-2SLS). The specification includes two measures of economic development, including GDP per capita and the Gini index, as well as other macro-level variables that have been identified as important determinants for population health in …
The Relationship Between Social Participation And Smoking Among Middle-Aged And Elderly Persons In China, Yuqing Liu
The Relationship Between Social Participation And Smoking Among Middle-Aged And Elderly Persons In China, Yuqing Liu
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
This study examined the relationship between social participation and smoking among middle-aged and elderly persons. This study used a secondary dataset drawn from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS,2015). In this nationally survey, the number of observations was 9,876. The dependent variable used in this study is smoking and non-smoking. Smoking includes light smoking, moderate, and heavy smoking. The explanatory variables are family factors, demographic characteristics, and socioeconomic factors. Factors associated with smoking were examined with logistic regression model. The results showed that gender, marital status, health self-assessment, pension, chronic disease, playing Mahjong, playing chess, playing cards, or …
Reducing The Defects Of A-Pillar Stamping Partin Automotive Assembly Process, Hassakorn Rojpitinithikorn
Reducing The Defects Of A-Pillar Stamping Partin Automotive Assembly Process, Hassakorn Rojpitinithikorn
Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)
The goal of this research is to minimize defects in the process of automotive assembly. Regarding the one-year defect and value; the biggest defect cost come from portion of the A-Pillar stamping parts. Therefore, by using Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) to examine it and perform experiments using the Design of Experiment (DOE), we investigated the production process as well as figuring out the cause of the problems that happen in the stamping process. The results found that the issue arose from the design of stamping die, which is the risk of springback problems of parts, is not good …