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Identification Of An Rsh Gene From A Novosphingobium Sp. Necessary For Quorum-Sensing Signal Accumulation, Han Ming Gan, Larry Buckley, Ernő Szegedi, André O. Hudson, Michael A. Savka Apr 2009

Identification Of An Rsh Gene From A Novosphingobium Sp. Necessary For Quorum-Sensing Signal Accumulation, Han Ming Gan, Larry Buckley, Ernő Szegedi, André O. Hudson, Michael A. Savka

Articles

The stringent response is a mechanism by which bacteria adapt to environmental stresses and nutritional deficiencies through the synthesis and hydrolysis of (p)ppGpp by RelA/SpoT enzymes. Alphaproteobacteria and plants contain a single Rsh enzyme (named for RelA/SpoT homolog) that is bifunctional. Here we report the identification of a new species of bacteria belonging to the genus Novosphingobium and characterization of an rsh mutation in this plant tumor-associated isolate. Isolate Rr 2-17, from a grapevine crown gall tumor, is a member of the Novosphingobium genus that produces the N-acyl-homoserine lactone (AHL) quorum-sensing (QS) signals. A Tn5 mutant, Hx 699, deficient in …


Impact Of Plant Essential Oils On Microbiological, Organoleptic And Quality Markers Of Minimally Processed Vegetables, Jorge Gutierrez, Paula Bourke, Julien Lonchamp, Catherine Barry-Ryan Apr 2009

Impact Of Plant Essential Oils On Microbiological, Organoleptic And Quality Markers Of Minimally Processed Vegetables, Jorge Gutierrez, Paula Bourke, Julien Lonchamp, Catherine Barry-Ryan

Articles

The objectives of this study were to evaluate the efficacy of plant essential oils (EOs) for control of the natural spoilage microflora on ready-to-eat (RTE) lettuce and carrots whilst also considering their impact on organoleptic properties. Initial decontamination effects achieved using EOs were comparable to that observed with chlorine and solution containing oregano recorded a significantly lower initial TVC level than the water treatment on carrots (p < 0.05). No significant differences were found between the EO treatments and chlorine considering gas composition, color, texture and water activity of samples. The sensory panel found EO treatments acceptable for carrots throughout storage, while lettuce washed with the EO solutions were rejected for overall appreciation by Day 7. Correlating microbial and sensory changes with volatile emissions identified 12 volatile quality markers. Oregano might be a suitable decontamination alternative to chlorine for RTE carrots, while the identification of volatile quality markers is a useful complement to sensory and microbiological assessments in the monitoring of organoleptic property changes and shelf-life of fresh vegetables. Industrial relevance There is industrial demand for natural alternatives to chlorine, which is commonly used for decontamination of fresh produce but which has limitations with respect to antimicrobial efficacy and possible formation of carcinogenic compounds in water. Plant essential oils have proven antimicrobial and other bioactive properties, however their usefulness in foods can be mitigated by their high sensory impact. This study examined the application of EOs for fresh produce decontamination addressing control of spoilage microflora and improving shelf-life characteristics whilst also considering the impact on organoleptic properties. The effectiveness of oregano as a decontamination treatment was comparable with that of chlorine. Carrot discs treated with the EO regimes were acceptable in terms of sensory quality and appreciation, therefore oregano could offer a natural alternative for the washing and preservation of fresh produce. Combining EOs with other natural preservatives might minimize doses and reduce the impact on organoleptic properties of fresh vegetables.


Marriage Or Liberation? Reflections On Two Strategies In The Struggle For Lesbian And Gay Rights And Relationship Recognition, Edward D. Stein Apr 2009

Marriage Or Liberation? Reflections On Two Strategies In The Struggle For Lesbian And Gay Rights And Relationship Recognition, Edward D. Stein

Articles

A great deal has changed about the legal and social situation for lesbians, gay men, bisexuals, and transgender (LGBT) people since the 1989 publication of Tom Stoddard and Paula Ettelbrick's dueling essays about how the quest for same-sex marriage fit into the larger struggle for LGBT rights. In 1989, twenty-four states and the District of Columbia criminalized most forms of adult consensual sex between people of the same sex and the constitutionality of such sodomy laws had been recently upheld by the U.S. Supreme Court in Bowers v. Hardwick in an opinion that said arguments against the constitutionality of such …


Binary Black Hole Merger In Galactic Nuclei: Post-Newtonian Simulations, Ingo Bergentzen, Miguel Preto, Peter Berczik, David Merritt, Rainer Spurzem Mar 2009

Binary Black Hole Merger In Galactic Nuclei: Post-Newtonian Simulations, Ingo Bergentzen, Miguel Preto, Peter Berczik, David Merritt, Rainer Spurzem

Articles

This paper studies the formation and evolution of binary supermassive black holes (SMBHs) in rotating galactic nuclei, focusing on the role of stellar dynamics. We present the first N-body simulations that follow the evolution of the SMBHs from kiloparsec separations all the way to their final relativistic coalescence, and that can robustly be scaled to real galaxies. The N-body code includes post-Newtonian (PN) corrections to the binary equations of motion up to order 2.5; we show that the evolution of the massive binary is only correctly reproduced if the conservative 1PN and 2PN terms are included. The orbital eccentricities of …


Modeling Gravitational Recoil From Precessing Highly-Spinning Unequal-Mass Black-Hole Binaries, Carlos O. Lousto, Yosef Zlochower Mar 2009

Modeling Gravitational Recoil From Precessing Highly-Spinning Unequal-Mass Black-Hole Binaries, Carlos O. Lousto, Yosef Zlochower

Articles

We measure the gravitational recoil for unequal-mass-black-hole-binary mergers, with the larger BH having spin a/mH = 0.8, and the smaller BH non-spinning. We choose our configurations such that, initially, the spins lie on the orbital plane. The spin and orbital plane precess significantly, and we find that the out-of plane recoil (i.e. the recoil perpendicular to the orbital plane around merger) varies as η2/(1+q), in agreement with our previous prediction, based on the post-Newtonian scaling.


The Nuclear Star Cluster Of The Milky Way: Proper Motions And Mass, Rainer Schödel, David Merritt, Andreas Eckart Mar 2009

The Nuclear Star Cluster Of The Milky Way: Proper Motions And Mass, Rainer Schödel, David Merritt, Andreas Eckart

Articles

Nuclear star clusters (NSCs) are located at the photometric and dynamical centers of the majority of galaxies. They are among the densest star clusters in the Universe. The NSC in the Milky Way is the only object of this class that can be resolved into individual stars. The massive black hole Sagittarius A* is located at the dynamical center of the Milky Way NSC.
Aims. In this work we examine the proper motions of stars out to distances of 1.0 pc from Sgr A*. The aim is to examine the velocity structure of the MW NSC and acquire a reliable …


Perturbations Of Spacetime Around A Stationary Rotating Cosmic String, Kouji Ogawa, Hideki Ishihara, Hiroshi Kozaki, Hiroyuki Nakano Mar 2009

Perturbations Of Spacetime Around A Stationary Rotating Cosmic String, Kouji Ogawa, Hideki Ishihara, Hiroshi Kozaki, Hiroyuki Nakano

Articles

We consider the metric perturbations around a stationary rotating Nambu-Goto string in Minkowski spacetime. By solving the linearized Einstein equations, we study the effects of azimuthal frame dragging around the rotation axis and linear frame dragging along the rotation axis, the Newtonian logarithmic potential, and the angular deficit around the string as the potential mode. We also investigate gravitational waves propagating off the string and propagating along the string, and show that the stationary rotating string emits gravitational waves toward the directions specified by discrete angles from the rotation axis. Waveforms, polarizations, amplitudes which depend on the direction are shown …


Extrinsic Control Parameters For Ozone Inactivation Of Escherichia Coli Using A Bubble Column, Sonal Patil, Patrick J. Cullen, Bridget Cullen, Jesus Maria Frias, Paula Bourke Mar 2009

Extrinsic Control Parameters For Ozone Inactivation Of Escherichia Coli Using A Bubble Column, Sonal Patil, Patrick J. Cullen, Bridget Cullen, Jesus Maria Frias, Paula Bourke

Articles

Aims: To investigate the effect of extrinsic control parameters for ozone inactivation of E. coli in a bubble column. Methods and Results: Ozone inactivation of Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 in Tryptic Soya Broth was examined. The parameters studied included temperature (ambient, 20, 25 and 30°C), exposure time (up to 30 min), gas flow rate (0·03, 0·06, 0·12, 0·25, 0·5 and 0·75 l min−1) and concentration level (five different levels). The efficacy of ozone treatment was a function of the parameters investigated and optimum control parameters of flow rate (0·12 l min−1), temperature (ambient) and ozone concentration (75 μg ml−1) resulted …


Explaining The Orbits Of The Galactic Center S-Stars, David Merritt, Alessia Gualandris, Seppo Mikkola Feb 2009

Explaining The Orbits Of The Galactic Center S-Stars, David Merritt, Alessia Gualandris, Seppo Mikkola

Articles

The young stars near the supermassive black hole at the galactic center follow orbits that are nearly random in orientation and that have an approximately “thermal” distribution of eccentricities, N(< e) e2. We show that both of these properties are a natural consequence of a few million years’ interaction with an intermediate-mass black hole (IBH), if the latter’s orbit is mildly eccentric and if its mass exceeds approximately 1500 solar masses. Producing the most tightly-bound S-stars requires an IBH orbit with periastron distance less than about 10 mpc. Our results provide support for a model in which the young stars are carried to the galactic center while bound to an IBH, and are consistent with the hypothesis that an IBH may still be orbiting within the nuclear star cluster.


Study On Online Hotel Reservation Systems, Frank Alleweldt, Klaus Tonner, Marc Mcdonald Feb 2009

Study On Online Hotel Reservation Systems, Frank Alleweldt, Klaus Tonner, Marc Mcdonald

Articles

This study, conducted by Civic Consulting, looks at both pre-contractual and contractual matters concerning online hotel reservation systems, examines relevant Community rules, identifies gaps and, where needed, discusses possible policy options. Key conclusions The study shows that the impact of Community law on online hotel


Swcnt Suppress Inflammatory Mediator Responses In Human Lung Epithelium In Vitro, Eva Herzog, Hugh Byrne, Maria Davoren, Anke-Gabriele Lenz, Albert Duschl, Gertie Janneke Oostingh Feb 2009

Swcnt Suppress Inflammatory Mediator Responses In Human Lung Epithelium In Vitro, Eva Herzog, Hugh Byrne, Maria Davoren, Anke-Gabriele Lenz, Albert Duschl, Gertie Janneke Oostingh

Articles

Single walled carbon nanotubes have gained enormous popularity due to a variety of potential applications which will ultimately lead to increased human and environmental exposure to these nanoparticles. This study was carried out in order to evaluate the inflammatory response of immortalised and primary human lung epithelial cells (A549 and NHBE) to single walled carbon nanotube samples (SWCNT). Special focus was placed on the mediating role of lung surfactant on particle toxicity. The toxicity of SWCNT dispersed in cell culture medium was compared to that of nanotubes dispersed in dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC, the main component of lung lining fluid). Exposure was …


Multigeneic Qtl: The Laccase Encoded Within The Soybean Rfs2/Rhg1 Locus Inferred To Underlie Part Of The Dual Resistance To Cyst Nematode And Sudden Death Syndrome, M Javed Iqbal, R Ahsan, Jawad Afzal, A Jamai, K Meksem, Hany A. El- Shemy, David A. Lightfoot Jan 2009

Multigeneic Qtl: The Laccase Encoded Within The Soybean Rfs2/Rhg1 Locus Inferred To Underlie Part Of The Dual Resistance To Cyst Nematode And Sudden Death Syndrome, M Javed Iqbal, R Ahsan, Jawad Afzal, A Jamai, K Meksem, Hany A. El- Shemy, David A. Lightfoot

Articles

Multigeneic QTL present significant problems to analysis. Resistance to soybean (Glycine max (L) Merr.) sudden death syndrome (SDS) caused by Fusarium virguliforme was partly underlain by QRfs2 that was clustered with, or pleiotropic to, the multigeneic rhg1 locus providing resistance to soybean cyst nematode (SCN; Heterodera glycines ). A group of five genes were found between the two markers that delimited the Rfs2/rhg1 locus. One of the five genes was predicted to encode an unusual diphenol oxidase (laccase; EC 1.10.3.2). The aim of this study was to characterize this member of the soybean laccase gene-family and explore its involvement in …


Does Perceptual Acuity Matter? - An Investigation Of Entrepreneurial Orientation, Perceptual Acuity, And Firm Performance, Zhi Tang, Sandra Rothenberg Jan 2009

Does Perceptual Acuity Matter? - An Investigation Of Entrepreneurial Orientation, Perceptual Acuity, And Firm Performance, Zhi Tang, Sandra Rothenberg

Articles

One critical proposition in normative strategic management research is that an accurate perception of the environment by top managers is a prerequisite to attain- ing better organizational performance. However, recent entrepreneurship stud- ies suggest that entrepreneurs are often leading or even causing environmental changes, and thus they may perceive greater industrial instability than there actu- ally is. In this project, we examine if an over-perception of industrial instability exists among entrepreneurs. If it does, which perceptual mode (accurate percep- tion versus over-perception) will benefit firm performance? We conducted the study in a highly volatile environment — China — and found …


Challenges In Incorporatins Sustainability Into Product Development: An Exploratory Study, S. Athalye, S. Govindarajan, C. Lopez Jan 2009

Challenges In Incorporatins Sustainability Into Product Development: An Exploratory Study, S. Athalye, S. Govindarajan, C. Lopez

Articles

Despite decades of disaggregated initiatives aimed at improving the well-being and quality of life of its employees, their families, communities and stakeholders, many high-technology firms are still struggling to develop an integrated approach to address the triple bottom line aspects of sustainability. In particular how sustainability is being integrated into the product development process, and the challenges that result, is of interest to this work. A literature review into the role of internal factors of how a firm implements a sustainability strategy revealed that it was too normative to guide the implementation of a corporate sustainability strategy at the level …


Strategic Predictors Of Successful Enterprise System Deployment, Kai Larsen Jan 2009

Strategic Predictors Of Successful Enterprise System Deployment, Kai Larsen

Articles

Many students enter graduate school with expectation that many years of hard work will pay off in the form of Ph. D.s in many disciplines has been declined over the years, at the same time that the number of graduates is increased.


High-Accuracy Near-Infrared Imaging Polarimetry With Nicmos, Daniel Batcheldor, G. Schneider, D.C. Hines Jan 2009

High-Accuracy Near-Infrared Imaging Polarimetry With Nicmos, Daniel Batcheldor, G. Schneider, D.C. Hines

Articles

The findings of a nine-orbit calibration plan carried out during HST Cycle 15, to fully determine the NICMOS camera 2 (2.0 !m) polarization calibration to high accuracy, are reported. Recently Ueta et al. and Batcheldor et al. have suggested that NICMOS possesses a residual instrumental polarization at a level of 1.2%–1.5%. This would completely inhibit the data reduction in a number of GO programs, and hamper the ability of the instrument to perform high-accuracy polarimetry. We obtained polarimetric calibration observations of three polarimetric standards at three spacecraft roll angles separated by ~60°. Combined with archival data, these observations were used …


High Accuracy Imaging Polarimetry, D Batcheldor, G. Schneider, D. C. Hinees Jan 2009

High Accuracy Imaging Polarimetry, D Batcheldor, G. Schneider, D. C. Hinees

Articles

The findings of a nine-orbit calibration plan carried out during HST Cycle 15, to fully determine the NICMOS camera 2 (2.0 !m) polarization calibration to high accuracy, are reported. Recently Ueta et al. and Batcheldor et al. have suggested that NICMOS possesses a residual instrumental polarization at a level of 1.2%–1.5%. This would completely inhibit the data reduction in a number of GO programs, and hamper the ability of the instrument to perform high-accuracy polarimetry. We obtained polarimetric calibration observations of three polarimetric standards at three spacecraft roll angles separated by !60°. Combined with archival data, these observations were used …


Why Seek Forgiveness? Using Expectancy, Instrumentality, And Valence Theory, Deborah Runke Jan 2009

Why Seek Forgiveness? Using Expectancy, Instrumentality, And Valence Theory, Deborah Runke

Articles

Award in Psychology. College: Liberal Arts. Program: Psychology. Course: Senior Project. Professor: Nicholas DiFonzo. Student Honor Awardees are selected by the faculty who teach courses in these areas of Liberal Arts and by the Kearse Awards Committee. Twenty-Ninth Kearse Distinguished Lecture Award Ceremony, nomination for Deborah Runke, 2009.


Media Discourses On Autonomy In Dying And Death, Christina Quinlan Jan 2009

Media Discourses On Autonomy In Dying And Death, Christina Quinlan

Articles

THIS PAPER IS A SYNOPSIS of a research project designed to examine the representations of particular experiences of dying and death as represented in media consumed in Ireland. This media research is a small part of a large study commissioned by the Hospice Friendly Hospitals Programme, through the Irish Hospice Foundation. The large study, undertaken by a team of researchers from University College Cork and the Royal College of Surgeons Ireland, was tasked with the development of an ethical framework for health-care practitioners on patient autonomy in end-oflife care. Patient autonomy at end-of-life is the degree of autonomy or control …


Hollywood Representations Of Irish Journalism: A Case Study Of Veronica Guerin, Pat Brereton Jan 2009

Hollywood Representations Of Irish Journalism: A Case Study Of Veronica Guerin, Pat Brereton

Articles

This paper emanates from an interest in how the journalist profession is represented on film. This discussion is framed, broadly, by an effort to gauge the performative nature of journalists, from ‘hard-boiled’ press hacks to egomaniacal TV reporters, while situating the vocation within conventional media studies, which privileges political and ethical indicators like ‘the Fourth Estate’ or as ‘Public Watchdog’.


Infringement Nation: Morality, Technology And Intellectual Property, Eadaoin O’Sullivan Jan 2009

Infringement Nation: Morality, Technology And Intellectual Property, Eadaoin O’Sullivan

Articles

No abstract provided.


Run Out Of The Gallery: The Changing Nature Of Irish Political Journalism, Kevin Rafter Jan 2009

Run Out Of The Gallery: The Changing Nature Of Irish Political Journalism, Kevin Rafter

Articles

THIS ARTICLE EXAMINES THE evolution of parliamentary and political reporting in Ireland and builds on earlier work by Foley (1993) and Horgan (2001). It considers the changing nature of Irish political journalism and the loss of influence of the Parliamentary Press Gallery and its constituent part, the Political Correspondents Group. This analysis takes place against a backdrop of continuing very high interest in politics in Ireland. During the 2007 general election, the television debate between Bertie Ahern and Enda Kenny, the leaders of the two main political parties, had an average audience of 941000 – a national audience share of …


The Irish Punditocracy As Contrarian Voice: Opinion Coverage Of The Workplace Smoking Ban, Declan Fahy Jan 2009

The Irish Punditocracy As Contrarian Voice: Opinion Coverage Of The Workplace Smoking Ban, Declan Fahy

Articles

THE JOURNALISM OF COMMENTATORS and columnists has remained a lacuna in media studies. Their work has received so little sustained critical attention that it has become something of a ‘black box’, even as as the space devoted to opinion coverage in newspapers has expanded significantly over the past three decades. The section of the newspaper devoted to opinion journalism has traditionally been the op-ed page, so-called because of its usual placement opposite the section containing editorials. Viewed as a forum for the articulation of diverse viewpoints about current social issues, the page aims to provide a space in the ‘marketplace …


Suing The Pope And Scandalising The People: Irish Attitudes To Sexual Abuse By Clergy Pre- And Post-Screening Of A Critical Documentary, Michael J. Breen, Hannah Mcgee, Ciaran O’Boyle, Helen Goode, Eoin Devereux Jan 2009

Suing The Pope And Scandalising The People: Irish Attitudes To Sexual Abuse By Clergy Pre- And Post-Screening Of A Critical Documentary, Michael J. Breen, Hannah Mcgee, Ciaran O’Boyle, Helen Goode, Eoin Devereux

Articles

THE SEXUAL ABUSE OF children became a significant public issue in Ireland in the 1990s, with frequent media reports about the issue. In the main these focused on the issue of abuse of children by members of the clergy and religious orders. Headline cases included the abuse perpetrated by Fr Brendan Smyth, a priest of a religious order who was convicted of multiple counts of sexual abuse of children and subsequently died in prison, and Fr Seán Fortune, a diocesan priest, who committed suicide before his court trial for abuse. While child sexual abuse by clergy was widely exposed in …


Representations Of The Knowledge Economy: Irish Newspapers’ Discourses On A Key Policy Idea, Brian Trench Jan 2009

Representations Of The Knowledge Economy: Irish Newspapers’ Discourses On A Key Policy Idea, Brian Trench

Articles

FROM TIME TO TIME, notions take hold in society in such a way that they become reference ideas across diverse social sectors, and terms associated with these reference ideas proliferate in public discourses and media of various kinds. This is notably true for the ‘knowledge economy’ and ‘knowledge society’; these terms have largely displaced other terms to describe the particular character of advanced economies and societies in the early 21st century. Other terms have struggled to co-exist: ‘information society’ seems passé; ‘services society’, ‘audit society’ and ‘risk society’ are marginal or niche terms; ‘innovation society’ has had intermittent periods of …


Significant Television: Journalism, Sex Abuse And The Catholic Church, Colum Kenny Jan 2009

Significant Television: Journalism, Sex Abuse And The Catholic Church, Colum Kenny

Articles

MOST CITIZENS OF THE Republic of Ireland describe themselves in their census returns as Roman Catholic, although attendances at church have been declining. Irish Catholics long endured religious discrimination and persecution under British Protestant rule. Partly for that reason, the Irish media tended to treat the Catholic Church very respectfully or deferentially after the foundation of the independent Irish Free State in 1921. However, by the closing decade of the twentieth century, Ireland had passed through a period of rapid and remarkable change. Economic, social and cultural factors made it more likely than before that Irish broadcasters would produce programmes …


War Crimes In Israel And Palestine, Tom Clonan Jan 2009

War Crimes In Israel And Palestine, Tom Clonan

Articles

Gaza Weapons Use Prior to the January ceasefires, Amnesty International sent a team of independent observers into Gaza in order to investigate allegations of war crimes during the conflict on the part of Hamas and the Israeli Defence Forces (IDF). The Amnesty group were among the first independent observers to gain access to Gaza during the closing stages of the conflict. Their report, which has been seen by Dr. Tom Clonan contains disturbing evidence of the abuse of international law by all parties to the conflict.


Dissident Republicans Addicted To Criminality, Tom Clonan Jan 2009

Dissident Republicans Addicted To Criminality, Tom Clonan

Articles

The so-called Real IRA (RIRA) has been in existence since 1997. Its core membership consists of former members of the Provisional IRA (PIRA) who were opposed to some aspects of the Anglo-Irish peace process. That was then. Twelve years later – eleven years after the botched RIRA bomb attack that killed 29 innocent civilians in Omagh in Co. Tyrone – the RIRA along with the Continuity IRA (CIRA) consist of a nucleus of hardened criminals whose ‘Republican’ pretensions are in the main a front for organised crime in the border area and in some inner city areas north and south …


All Changed, Changed Utterly: The Irish Defence Forces Culture Of Change Management, Tom Clonan Jan 2009

All Changed, Changed Utterly: The Irish Defence Forces Culture Of Change Management, Tom Clonan

Articles

President-elect Barak Obama’s mandate for the US Presidency was predicated on one simple word – ‘Change’. The simplicity of the word, and of his campaign slogan – ‘Yes We Can’ – belies the complex task of managing change within a dynamic and turbulent fiscal and security environment. Only time will tell whether or not President Obama and his cabinet have the individual and collective skill-sets required to deal with the challenges for change that confront them. Closer to home, the Irish government is also confronted with radical change as it applies to the domestic and international fiscal environment. The Irish …


Impact Of Global Rankings On Higher Education Research And The Production Of Knowledge, Ellen Hazelkorn Jan 2009

Impact Of Global Rankings On Higher Education Research And The Production Of Knowledge, Ellen Hazelkorn

Articles

No abstract provided.