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Articles 1981 - 2010 of 2927
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Nonideal Magnetohydrodynamic Turbulent Decay In Molecular Clouds, Turlough Downes, Stephen O'Sullivan
Nonideal Magnetohydrodynamic Turbulent Decay In Molecular Clouds, Turlough Downes, Stephen O'Sullivan
Articles
It is well known that non-ideal magnetohydrodynamic effects are important in the dynamics of molecular clouds: both ambipolar diffusion and possibly the Hall effect have been identified as significant. We present the results of a suite of simulations with a resolution of 512-cubed of turbulent decay in molecular clouds incorporating a simplified form of both ambipolar diffusion and the Hall effect simultaneously. The initial velocity field in the turbulence is varied from being super-Alfvénic and hypersonic, through to trans-Alfvénic but still supersonic.
Modeling No Emissions Of An Off-Road Diesel Engine Based On Emission Tests, David R. Bostic, Dennis G. Watson, Tony V. Harrison
Modeling No Emissions Of An Off-Road Diesel Engine Based On Emission Tests, David R. Bostic, Dennis G. Watson, Tony V. Harrison
Articles
Emissions values determined by the ISO 8178 emission certification tests do not necessarily represent emissions of a tractor in operation (Hansson et al., 2001). Rather than using ISO 8178 tests solely for certification, data collected during the tests may be suitable for predicting nitrogen oxide (NO) emissions of an engine operating at constant loads and speeds. Linear multiple regression (LMR) and nonlinear polynomial network (NPN) models were developed with data collected from ISO 8178-4 (1996) test cycle B-type tests (ISO) and an expanded set of tests (EXP) to predict NO emissions from a diesel engine. LMR using the ISO training …
Modelling Browning And Brown Spotting Of Mushrooms (Agaricus Bisporus) Stored In Controlled Environmental Conditions Using Image Analysis, Catherine Barry-Ryan, Jesus Maria Frias, Leixuri Aguirre, Helen Grogan
Modelling Browning And Brown Spotting Of Mushrooms (Agaricus Bisporus) Stored In Controlled Environmental Conditions Using Image Analysis, Catherine Barry-Ryan, Jesus Maria Frias, Leixuri Aguirre, Helen Grogan
Articles
Mushrooms have a short postharvest shelf life compared to most vegetables, due to a very high metabolic activity and high water content, making them prone to microbial spoilage and to exhibit enzymatic browning. Storage conditions and natural product variability are both important factors that affect the management of mushrooms, and both of them can be managed using monitoring systems. In order to study the effect of the temperature and relative humidity on the whiteness decrease and appearance of brown spotting, an image analysis system was employed. Twenty five batches of mushrooms were subjected to combinations of three storage temperatures (T) …
The Res Judicata Worth Of Illegal Bankruptcy Reorganization Plans, David G. Carlson
The Res Judicata Worth Of Illegal Bankruptcy Reorganization Plans, David G. Carlson
Articles
The article examines the interplay between res judicata and the confirmation of bankruptcy reorganization plans, particularly under Chapter 13. It argues that while res judicata is essential for finality, it must not compromise procedural fairness and due process. The author advocates for a balanced approach where confirmed plans are binding but also ensure that creditors' rights are protected through proper legal procedures.
The Dynamics Of Human Capital And The World Of Work: Towards A Common Market In Contemporary Tertiary Education, Aidan Kenny
The Dynamics Of Human Capital And The World Of Work: Towards A Common Market In Contemporary Tertiary Education, Aidan Kenny
Articles
The drive for the so-called ‘knowledge society’, and the expected competitive advantage envisioned, has led to ‘power elites’ and vested interests applying pressure on nation states to develop and implement policies that push the balance of national education systems towards the economic imperative and away from the social good. This social inquiry will describe items, strategies and objectives relating to the pursuit of the current higher education change policy agendas, as expressed in key Irish policy documents. The inquiry concentrates on the new ‘world of work’ and the dynamic association with ‘human capital’ in particular the relationship between macro change …
An Information Theory Of Willful Breach, Omri Ben-Shahar, Oren Bar-Gill
An Information Theory Of Willful Breach, Omri Ben-Shahar, Oren Bar-Gill
Articles
Should willful breach be sanctioned more severely than inadvertent breach? Strikingly, there is sharp disagreement on this matter within American legal doctrine, in legal theory, and in comparative law. Within law-and-economics, the standard answer is "no"-breach should be subject to strict liability. Fault should not raise the magnitude of liability in the same way that no fault does not immune the breaching party from liability. In this paper, we develop an alternative law-and-economics account, which justifies supercompensatory damages for willful breach. Willful breach, we argue, reveals information about the "true nature" of the breaching party-that he is more likely than …
Applying Computational Models Of Spatial Prepositions To Visually Situated Dialog, John D. Kelleher, Fintan Costello
Applying Computational Models Of Spatial Prepositions To Visually Situated Dialog, John D. Kelleher, Fintan Costello
Articles
This article describes the application of computational models of spatial prepositions to visually situated dialog systems. In these dialogs, spatial prepositions are important because people often use them to refer to entities in the visual context of a dialog. We first describe a generic architecture for a visually situated dialog system and highlight the interactions between the spatial cognition module, which provides the interface to the models of prepositional semantics, and the other components in the architecture. Following this, we present two new computational models of topological and projective spatial prepositions. The main novelty within these models is the fact …
Characterisation Of The Humidity And Temperature Responses Of A Reflection Hologram Recorded In Acrylamide-Based Photopolymer, Izabela Naydenova, Raghavendra Jallapuram, Vincent Toal, Suzanne Martin
Characterisation Of The Humidity And Temperature Responses Of A Reflection Hologram Recorded In Acrylamide-Based Photopolymer, Izabela Naydenova, Raghavendra Jallapuram, Vincent Toal, Suzanne Martin
Articles
The humidity and temperature responses of a reflection hologram recorded in a self-processing photopolymer layer have been characterised by measurement of the position of the maximum intensity in the spectral response of the hologram. It has been demonstrated that such a hologram can be used for indication of the relative humidity (RH) in a specific temperature range. The operational range and reversibility of the holograms have been characterised in a controlled humidity and temperature environment. The humidity studies were carried out in the range from 10 to 80% RH and the temperature range under study was 15 – 50 ºC.
Algebraic Classification Of Numerical Spacetimes And Black-Hole-Binary Remnants, Manuela Campanelli, Carlos O. Lousto, Yosef Zlochower
Algebraic Classification Of Numerical Spacetimes And Black-Hole-Binary Remnants, Manuela Campanelli, Carlos O. Lousto, Yosef Zlochower
Articles
In this paper we develop a technique for determining the algebraic classification of a numerical spacetime, possibly resulting from a generic black-hole-binary merger, using the Newman-Penrose Weyl scalars. We demonstrate these techniques for a test case involving a close binary with arbitrarily oriented spins and unequal masses. We find that, post merger, the spacetime quickly approaches Petrov type II, and only approaches type D on much longer timescales. These techniques allow us to begin to explore the validity of the “no-hair theorem” for generic merging-black-hole spacetimes.
Comparison Of Numerical And Post-Newtonian Waveforms For Generic Precessing Black-Hole Binaries, Manuela Campanelli, Carlos O. Lousto, Hiroyuki Nakano, Yosef Zlochower
Comparison Of Numerical And Post-Newtonian Waveforms For Generic Precessing Black-Hole Binaries, Manuela Campanelli, Carlos O. Lousto, Hiroyuki Nakano, Yosef Zlochower
Articles
We compare waveforms and orbital dynamics from the first long-term, fully non-linear, numerical simulations of a generic black-hole binary configuration with post-Newtonian predictions. The binary has mass ratio q 0.8 with arbitrarily oriented spins of magnitude S1/m2 1 0.6 and S2/m2 2 0.4 and orbits 9 times prior to merger. The numerical simulation starts with an initial separation of r 11M, with orbital parameters determined by initial 2.5PN and 3.5PN post-Newtonian evolutions of a quasi-circular binary with an initial separation of r = 50M. The resulting binaries have very little eccentricity according to the 2.5PN and 3.5PN systems, but show …
Evolution Of Nuclear Star Clusters, David Merritt
Evolution Of Nuclear Star Clusters, David Merritt
Articles
Two-body relaxation times of nuclear star clusters are short enough that gravitational encounters should substantially affect their structure in 10 Gyr or less. In nuclear star clusters without massive black holes, dynamical evolution is a competition between core collapse, which causes densities to increase, and heat input from the surrounding galaxy, which causes densities to decrease. The maximum extent of a nucleus that can resist expansion is derived numerically for a wide range of initial conditions; observed nuclei are shown to be compact enough to resist expansion, although there may have been an earlier generation of low-density nuclei that were …
Modeling Gravitational Recoil From Precessing Highly-Spinning Unequal-Mass Black-Hole Binaries, Carlos O. Lousto, Yosef Zlochower
Modeling Gravitational Recoil From Precessing Highly-Spinning Unequal-Mass Black-Hole Binaries, Carlos O. Lousto, Yosef Zlochower
Articles
We measure the gravitational recoil for unequal-mass-black-hole-binary mergers, with the larger BH having spin a/mH = 0.8, and the smaller BH non-spinning. We choose our configurations such that, initially, the spins lie on the orbital plane. The spin and orbital plane precess significantly, and we find that the out-of plane recoil (i.e. the recoil perpendicular to the orbital plane around merger) varies as η2/(1+q), in agreement with our previous prediction, based on the post-Newtonian scaling.
Perturbations Of Spacetime Around A Stationary Rotating Cosmic String, Kouji Ogawa, Hideki Ishihara, Hiroshi Kozaki, Hiroyuki Nakano
Perturbations Of Spacetime Around A Stationary Rotating Cosmic String, Kouji Ogawa, Hideki Ishihara, Hiroshi Kozaki, Hiroyuki Nakano
Articles
We consider the metric perturbations around a stationary rotating Nambu-Goto string in Minkowski spacetime. By solving the linearized Einstein equations, we study the effects of azimuthal frame dragging around the rotation axis and linear frame dragging along the rotation axis, the Newtonian logarithmic potential, and the angular deficit around the string as the potential mode. We also investigate gravitational waves propagating off the string and propagating along the string, and show that the stationary rotating string emits gravitational waves toward the directions specified by discrete angles from the rotation axis. Waveforms, polarizations, amplitudes which depend on the direction are shown …
Extrinsic Control Parameters For Ozone Inactivation Of Escherichia Coli Using A Bubble Column, Sonal Patil, Patrick J. Cullen, Bridget Cullen, Jesus Maria Frias, Paula Bourke
Extrinsic Control Parameters For Ozone Inactivation Of Escherichia Coli Using A Bubble Column, Sonal Patil, Patrick J. Cullen, Bridget Cullen, Jesus Maria Frias, Paula Bourke
Articles
Aims: To investigate the effect of extrinsic control parameters for ozone inactivation of E. coli in a bubble column. Methods and Results: Ozone inactivation of Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 in Tryptic Soya Broth was examined. The parameters studied included temperature (ambient, 20, 25 and 30°C), exposure time (up to 30 min), gas flow rate (0·03, 0·06, 0·12, 0·25, 0·5 and 0·75 l min−1) and concentration level (five different levels). The efficacy of ozone treatment was a function of the parameters investigated and optimum control parameters of flow rate (0·12 l min−1), temperature (ambient) and ozone concentration (75 μg ml−1) resulted …
Swcnt Suppress Inflammatory Mediator Responses In Human Lung Epithelium In Vitro, Eva Herzog, Hugh Byrne, Maria Davoren, Anke-Gabriele Lenz, Albert Duschl, Gertie Janneke Oostingh
Swcnt Suppress Inflammatory Mediator Responses In Human Lung Epithelium In Vitro, Eva Herzog, Hugh Byrne, Maria Davoren, Anke-Gabriele Lenz, Albert Duschl, Gertie Janneke Oostingh
Articles
Single walled carbon nanotubes have gained enormous popularity due to a variety of potential applications which will ultimately lead to increased human and environmental exposure to these nanoparticles. This study was carried out in order to evaluate the inflammatory response of immortalised and primary human lung epithelial cells (A549 and NHBE) to single walled carbon nanotube samples (SWCNT). Special focus was placed on the mediating role of lung surfactant on particle toxicity. The toxicity of SWCNT dispersed in cell culture medium was compared to that of nanotubes dispersed in dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC, the main component of lung lining fluid). Exposure was …
Representations Of The Knowledge Economy: Irish Newspapers’ Discourses On A Key Policy Idea, Brian Trench
Representations Of The Knowledge Economy: Irish Newspapers’ Discourses On A Key Policy Idea, Brian Trench
Articles
FROM TIME TO TIME, notions take hold in society in such a way that they become reference ideas across diverse social sectors, and terms associated with these reference ideas proliferate in public discourses and media of various kinds. This is notably true for the ‘knowledge economy’ and ‘knowledge society’; these terms have largely displaced other terms to describe the particular character of advanced economies and societies in the early 21st century. Other terms have struggled to co-exist: ‘information society’ seems passé; ‘services society’, ‘audit society’ and ‘risk society’ are marginal or niche terms; ‘innovation society’ has had intermittent periods of …
Modelling Groups Of Plausible Virtual Pedestrians, Christopher Peters, Cathy Ennis, Carol O'Sullivan
Modelling Groups Of Plausible Virtual Pedestrians, Christopher Peters, Cathy Ennis, Carol O'Sullivan
Articles
No abstract provided.
Talking Bodies: Sensitivity To Desynchronization Of Conversations, Rachel Mcdonnell, Cathy Ennis, Simon Dobbyn, Carol O'Sullivan
Talking Bodies: Sensitivity To Desynchronization Of Conversations, Rachel Mcdonnell, Cathy Ennis, Simon Dobbyn, Carol O'Sullivan
Articles
In this article, we investigate human sensitivity to the coordination and timing of conversational body language for virtual characters. First, we captured the full body motions (excluding faces and hands) of three actors conversing about a range of topics, in either a polite (i.e., one person talking at a time) or debate/argument style. Stimuli were then created by applying the motion-captured conversations from the actors to virtual characters. In a 2AFC experiment, participants viewed paired sequences of synchronized and desynchronized conversations and were asked to guess which was the real one. Detection performance was above chance for both conversation styles …
The Endangered Species Act: What We Talk About When We Talk About Recovery, Dale Goble
The Endangered Species Act: What We Talk About When We Talk About Recovery, Dale Goble
Articles
No abstract provided.
Heat Transfer Correlations For Low Approach Evaporative Cooling Systems In Buildings, Ben Costelloe, Donal Finn
Heat Transfer Correlations For Low Approach Evaporative Cooling Systems In Buildings, Ben Costelloe, Donal Finn
Articles
The experimental performance of an open industrial scale cooling tower, utilising small approach temperature differences (1–3 K), for rejection of heat at the low water temperatures (11–20 °C) typical of chilled ceilings and other sensible air–water heat dissipation systems in buildings, is examined. The study was carried out under temperate maritime climatic conditions (3–18 °C wet-bulb temperature range). Initially a theoretical analysis of the process at typical conditions for this climate was conducted, which indicated that a water to air (L/G) mass flow rate ratio of less than 1.0 was required for effective operation. Consequently for these low L/G ratios, …
The Bankruptcy Exchange, Douglas G. Baird
One-Pot Synthesis Of Anionic (Nitrogen) And Cationic (Sulfur) Codoped High-Temperature Stable, Visible Light Active, Anatase Photocatalysts, Suresh Pillai, Declan Mccormack, Steven Hinder, Pradeepan Periyat
One-Pot Synthesis Of Anionic (Nitrogen) And Cationic (Sulfur) Codoped High-Temperature Stable, Visible Light Active, Anatase Photocatalysts, Suresh Pillai, Declan Mccormack, Steven Hinder, Pradeepan Periyat
Articles
No abstract provided.
Irreconcilable Differences? The Troubled Marriage Of Science And Law, Susan Haack
Irreconcilable Differences? The Troubled Marriage Of Science And Law, Susan Haack
Articles
No abstract provided.
Explaining Theoretical Disagreement, Brian Leiter
Explaining Theoretical Disagreement, Brian Leiter
Articles
Scott Shapiro has recently argued that Ronald Dworkin posed a new objection to legal positivism in Law's Empire, to which positivists, he says, have not adequately responded. Positivists, the objection goes, have no satisfactory account of what Dworkin calls "theoretical disagreement" about law, that is, disagreement about "the grounds of law" or what positivists would call the criteria of legal validity. I agree with Shapiro that the critique is new but disagree that it has not been met. Positivism cannot offer an explanation that preserves the "Face Value" of theoretical disagreements, because the only intelligible dispute about the criteria of …
Beyond The Prisoners' Dilemma: Coordination, Game Theory, And Law, Richard H. Mcadams
Beyond The Prisoners' Dilemma: Coordination, Game Theory, And Law, Richard H. Mcadams
Articles
No abstract provided.
Richard Epstein And Discrimination Law, Richard H. Mcadams
Richard Epstein And Discrimination Law, Richard H. Mcadams
Articles
No abstract provided.
Climate Change And Discounting The Future: A Guide For The Perplexed, David A. Weisbach, Cass R. Sunstein
Climate Change And Discounting The Future: A Guide For The Perplexed, David A. Weisbach, Cass R. Sunstein
Articles
No abstract provided.
The Entrepreneurial Motivations Of Nonemployer Entrepreneurs, Richard Demartino, Robert Barbato, Paul Jacques
The Entrepreneurial Motivations Of Nonemployer Entrepreneurs, Richard Demartino, Robert Barbato, Paul Jacques
Articles
No abstract provided.
Printed Document Authentication Using Texture Coding, Jonathan Blackledge, Khaled Mahmoud
Printed Document Authentication Using Texture Coding, Jonathan Blackledge, Khaled Mahmoud
Articles
The use of image based information exchange has grown rapidly over the years in terms of both e-to-e image storage and transmission and in terms of maintaining paper documents in electronic form. Further, with the dramatic improvements in the quality of COTS (Commercial-Off-The-Shelf) printing and scanning devices, the ability to counterfeit electronic and printed documents has become a widespread problem. Consequently, there has been an increasing demand to develop digital watermarking techniques which can be applied to both electronic and printed images (and documents) that can be authenticated, prevent unauthorized copying of their content and, in the case of printed …
Counting Triangles In Some Ramsey Graphs, Andrew Lin, John Mackey
Counting Triangles In Some Ramsey Graphs, Andrew Lin, John Mackey
Articles
We extend Goodman’s result on the cardinality of monochromatic triangles in a 2-colored complete graph to the case of bounding the number of triangles in the first color. We apply it to derive the upper bounds on some non-diagonal Ramsey numbers. In particular we show that R(K4 − e,K8) <= 45.