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Low Temperature Modification Of Cell Ultrastructure In Hardy And Nonhardy Grass Species, Steven L. Kimball

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Studies were conducted to determine the influence of different temperatures (25, 10, 0, or -5 C) upon plant growth and cell ultrastructure, and to determine if physical changes within cells might block growth activities even though individual biochemical processes were potentially active.

Secale cereale L. was found to be most hardy, followed by Cynodon dactylon (L) Pers. and Paspalum notatum Flugge, whose responses were quite similar. Secale grew normally at 25 and 10 C, with reduced activity at 0 C and a slight delay before resuming normal growth when placed at 25 C again. All three species were killed at …

Investigations Of Unusual Curly Top Symptoms In Grafted Tomato Plants And Early Leafhopper Feeding Effects Upon Tomato Seedlings, Donald Eldon Gardner

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

To determine possible unusual effects of resistant plants upon symptom expression of curly top disease in susceptible tomato plants (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.), tops of susceptible plants were grafted to lower stems and roots of resistant plants and inoculated. The resistant plants used were wild relatives of L. esculentum: L. peruvianum var. dentatum Dun. and L. peruvianum var. humifusum C. H. Mul. Reciprocal grafts, in which tops of dentatum plants were grafted to lower stems and roots of L. esculentum, were also made and inoculated.

External symptoms in the grafted plant tops were observed and compared with those of nongrafted, …

An Electrophysiological Study Of The Oral Plate Sensory Organs Of The Honey Bee (Apis Mellifera L.), Rodney R. Seeley

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The oral plate sense organs of the honey bee, Apis mellifera L., have been investigated employing an electrophysiological technique which allows simultaneous stimulation and recording.

The results of the study present evidence that the four bipolar sense cells innervating the sensory papillae on the oral surface of the hypopharynx are chemoreceptors. The sensory papillae respond to cations, glucose, water, and amino acids. Evidence for the absence of a mechanosensory cell is presented. The data concerning the sensory structures agree with the current theories of chemoreception.

Effects Of Dmso And Propham On Mitosis In Root Tips Of Secale Cereale, Max Rosequist

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

DMSO (dimethyl sulfoxide) and propham (isopropyl carbanilate) were investigated to determine their effect singly and in combination on mitoses in rye (Secale cereale) root tip cells. Root tips were prepared for observation by the paraffin and aceto-carmine squash methods. Results showed DMSO caused the following abnormalities: arrested metaphases, multipolar spindles, multinucleate cells, stickiness, shortened chromosomes, and mitotic inhibition. Cells from propham treated root tips exhibited the same abnormalities as those treated with DMSO. In addition, propham treatments resulted in polyploid cells and chromosome granulation. In combination, DMSO and propham caused all the abnormalities mentioned above except polyploidy. In …

Isolation And Characterization Of Autosomal Male Sterile Mutants In Drosophila Melanogaster, Lynn J. Romrell

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

In order to study the genetic control of spermiogenesis, recessive, male-sterile, autosomal mutants of Drosophila melanogaster were induced with ethyl methanesulfonate. A total of 31 mutants were recovered, 15 of which were located on the second chromosome and 16 on the third chromosome. Eight second- and 6 third-chromosome mutants demonstrating sterility in all homozygous males were used for further analysis.

Complementation tests showed that 2 of the 8 second chromosome mutants (and none of the 6 third chromosome mutants) were noncomplementing, indicating that two of the mutants produced were alleles of the same locus. Mapping of the second chromosome mutants …

Ribose 5'-Phosphate Aminotransferase Of Salmonella Typhimurium, Gulamnabi Y. Vahora

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Ribose-5 '-phosphate aminotransferase, an alternate first enzyme in the purine de novo pathway, has been purified about 800-fold from Salmonella typhimurium (pur D-55 ). The enzyme is distinct from ribosylpyrophosphate-5'-phosphate amidotransferase (E C 2.4.2.14), has an approximate molecular weight of 229,000, and requires ribose-5'-phosphate, ATP and either ammonium ion, carbamyl phosphate or L-glutamine, to synthesize 5'-phosphoribosylamine (PRA). A coupled assay system, employing a S. typhimurium (pur G-310) extract as the coupling-agent source, was used to measure the enzyme. PRA production in this system was inhibited by higher ribose-5' -phosphate concentrations and longer (over 10 minutes) incubation periods. It …

A Study Of The Biology Of The Species Of Protocalliphora In The Northern Wasatch Range, Terry L. Whitworth

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

A total of 733 bird nests, representing 55 species from 23 habitats, was examined. Forty-nine percent of the nests of 39 bird species were infested with 16 species of Protocalliphora.

Infestation of bird nests by Protocalliphora is believed to be related to a number of factors, which are discussed. Loosely constructed nests, nests heavily saturated with feces, and nests occupied early in the season had low rates of infestation. Nests of colonial birds were more frequently infested than those of solitary birds. Nests of some birds were rarely or never infested.

Sixteen species of Protocalliphora are differentiated and their …

Some Effects Of The Under Snow Environment On Growth And Carbohydrate Content Of Claytonia Lanceolata Pursh, Bryce D. Bennett

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Studies were conducted in a mountain habitat to determine the effects of altered light and temperature upon the natural growth and/or carbohydrate cycles of Claytonia lanceolata during the period of winter snow cover. Treatments included natural control, light exclusion, and temperature alteration by insulation and by heating for a brief period. Monthly measurements were made of soil temperature (upper 12 cm), shoot development, soluble sugar, and soluble starch. The quantity and quality of light penetrating the snow cover was also determined.

About 0.0052% of the available visible light (400-750 nm) penetrated 70 cm of snow and 0.02% penetrated 50 cm …

I. Studies Toward The Synthesis Of Echinodithianic Acid And Ii. The Temperature Dependent Nmr Spectrum Of Methyl N-Acetylsarcosinate, Alan Leroy Love

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Approaches to the preparation of echinodithianic acid (5) from 2,5-dicarbomethoxy-1,4-dithiane (1) were not successful, due to the inability to carboxylate or carboalkoxylate 1 at carbons 2 and 5. Studies toward the synthesis of 5 utilizing methyl 2-acetamidoacrylate (8) have been investigated. The electrophilic addition of sulfur dichloride to 8 yielded bis-(2-acetamido-2-carbo-methoxyvin-1-yl) sulfide, while the addition of thiocyanogen chloride to 8 produced methyl 2-acetamido-3-thiocyanato-acrylate.

As electrophilic additions of unsymmetrical dipolar reagents to methyl 2-acetamidoacrylate (8) are not reported in the literature, the addition of hydrogen bromide to 8 was studied to determine the orientation effect of the acetamido group.

Methyl 2-acetamido-2-bromopropionate …

The Effect Of Chromosomal Position On Dosage Compensation And Ontogenic Expression Of The V+ Gene In D. Melanogaster, Jack E. Tobler

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Two manifestations of gene regulation-- dosage compensation and ontogenic regulation--were examined in normally positioned and relocated v⁺ genotypes in Drosophila melanogaster to determine the role of gene position in these control functions. Enzyme assays, used as criteria of gene activity, were performed on various genotypes containing different doses of v⁺ in normal and relocated positions in male and female flies. The results indicate that although differently positioned v⁺ genes may specify different tryptophan pyrrolase activities, they still show dosage compensation. In each case, the enzyme activity associated with each gene, either on the X, Y, or third …

Water In Relation To The Establishment Of Chukar Partridge In Utah Deserts, James R. Messerli

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The effects artificial watering devices (guzzlers) have on chukar (Alectoris graeca) populations were studied in Juab County, Utah.

The effect of water was determined by a comparision of chukar populations near guzzlers with water to guzzlers without water. The closure of two guzzlers had a pronounced effect on the distribution of chukars and the number of chukars decreased significantly at the two guzzlers after their closure.

Water concentrated the chukars, therefore, influencing their activities. During the water-critical period, between 1 July and 1 October, frequent, possibly daily, trips were made to water by chukars.

Reproduction and chick survival …

The Nitrogen Budget Of Two Salt Desert Shrub Plant Communities Of Western Utah, Richard S. Bjerregaard

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The nitrogen budgets of Eurotia lanata (Pursh.) Moq. and Atriplex confertifolia (Torr. and Frem.) S. Wats salt desert shrub plant communities were investigated. In each, a complete biomass and organic nitrogen inventory was made. In addition, investigations of the nitrogen fixation potential of soil surface microflora and inorganic soil nitrogen relationships were carried out.

Greater total biomass and organic nitrogen was found in the above-ground portions, annual shoot productivity, and litter of the Atriplex community. However, the Atriplex community was exceeded by the Eurotia community in root biomass. Roots accounted for 74 and 87 percent of the plant biomass and …

Ecological Life History Of Rudbeckia Occidentalis Nutt, Juan Arturo Florez

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Phenological studies of coneflower on aspen range in Northern Utah showed that resumption of growth of mature plants begins at the time of snow melt and the initial or rosette stage is completed between mid-May and mid- June. The rate of growth in this stage is controlled by temperature, being greater at higher mean temperatures. The bolting stage is completed about 1 week after the initiation of stem elongation and the process of capitulum development is begun. Flowering is initiated between late July and mid- August. Cross-pollination is necessary for seed set which is completed by the end of August. …

The Suitability Of Newton Reservoir To Be Either A Coldwater Or A Warmwater Fishery, Jeffrey H. Johnson

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Measurements were made of the water chemistry the distribution and relative abundance of net-plankton, and the reproduction, age and growth, and food habits of largemouth bass in Newton Reservoir, Newton, Utah.

Samples for chemical analysis were collected weekly from three sites and from several depths at each site. Plankton collections were made on a monthly basis. Data were compared with data in the literature and analyzed for possible ecological implications.

Physical and chemical investigations of the water indicated favorable conditions for a warmwater fishery.

The study of the surface net-plankton revealed a predominance of blue-green algae.

The substratum of the …

Model For Bathtub-Shaped Hazard Rate: Monte Carlo Study, Glen S. Leithead

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

A new model developed for the entire bathtub-shaped hazard rate curve has been evaluated as to its usefulness as a method of reliability estimation. The model is of the form:

F(t) = 1 - exp - (ϴ₁t^L + ϴ₂t + ϴ₃t^M)

where "L" and "M" were assumed known.

The estimate of reliability obtained from the new model was compared with the traditional restricted sample estimate for four different time intervals and was found to have less bias and variance for all time points.

This was a monte carlo study and the …

Personality And Sports Preference In Women Majoring In Physical Education In Utah And Idaho, Carolyn Gay Barcus

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Personality traits of women majoring in physical education who preferred team sports, individual sports, or dance were compared, using the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI).

No significant differences were found between the three groups on seven of the eight MMPI scales used. The dance group scored significantly more feminine on scale 5 of the MMPI than did either the team sports or individual sports group. Gymnasts and swimmers were significantly more feminine than was the track and field sub-group on this scale. The social and folk dance sub-groups and the non-majors sub-group were significantly more feminine than were the track …

Selected Physio-Chemical, Microbiological, And Agronomical Studies On The Controlled Atmosphere Storage Of Sugarbeet (Beta Vulgaris) Roots, Vinod V. Karnik

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The post-harvest physiology of sugarbeet (Beta vulgaris) roots was studied during controlled atmosphere (CA) storage at 35° and 50°F. Zero, 3, 6 and 10% carbon dioxide and 5% oxygen concentrations were employed to investigate the most beneficial concentrations of gases. Under the experimental conditions beets were stored successfully for 200 days. The maximum beneficial effects of CA were observed under 6% carbon dioxide and 5% oxygen at 35°F. Regardless of storage temperatures, sucrose retention was highest in the beets stored under CA, compared to conventional refrigeration (CR). Other beneficial effects include less hydrolysis of sucrose to reducing sugars …

Development Of A Whey-Based Lactic Culture Medium Capable Of Bacteriophage Inhibition, Chao Tung Cheng

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

A whey product has been formulated for use as a lactic starter medium. Phosphate-treated whey medium (PWM) has been shown to support growth of lactic cultures and prevent phage proliferation. Comparisons were made of a commercial phage inhibitory medium (PIM), reconstituted non-fat dry milk (NDM) and PWM. PWM inhibited all phages tested and stimulated starter growth. PWM was not as stimulating as PIM but was better than NDM. Good Cheddar cheese has been made using PWM. PWM is more economical than PIM but NDM is the most economical one if cheese yield is considered.

Effects Of Controlled Atmosphere Storage On Specific Biochemical Changes In Apricot And Peach Fruits, Bartley Norman Wankier

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The effects of controlled atmosphere storage vs conventional refrigerated storage on the metabolism of Moorpark and Large Early Montgamet apricot and Elberta peach fruits were studied. The controlled atmospheres studied were 0.0 percent CO₂-5.0 percent O₂; 2.5 percent CO₂-5.0 percent O₂; 5.0 percent CO₂-2.5 percent O₂; 7.5 percent CO₂-5.0 percent O₂; as compared to conventional refrigerated storage. Nitrogen percent was assumed to be the difference between the total CO₂ and O₂ content minus 100.

Fruits were periodically removed from the storage and …

Survey Of Interests Of The Aged As Related To Leisure Time With Special Emphasis On Educational Tv, Jessie M. Eller

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

This was a study of television interests of older citizens using respondents from two geographical areas--Cache County and Salt Lake City--using random sampling, rest home, and active senior citizens.

The purpose of this study was to assist in determining program preferences for a series of television shows beamed for the aged. This involved educational television and particularly KUSU Channel 12.

The top ten program preferences, in rank order, were:

News and Current Events
Music
Travelogues
Nature Study
Drama
Health and Medical Care
Sports and Recreation
Nutrition
Hobbies and Crafts
Security-Financial Management

There are very few programs beamed for the specific …

Alternatives In Machinery Management On Juab County, Utah, Dry-Farms, W. Jay Dalley

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Data were collected from 25 dry farmers living in East-Juab County farming a minimum of 100 acres of land. The data includes the use of tractors, plows, weeders, drills, and combines. A comparison was made between the costs of operation for nine farms between the range of 100 and 500 acres, with an average of 302 acres, producing an average of 83 acres of grain; eleven farms in the range of 501 to 1,000 acres, with an average of 729 acres;--producing an average of 243 acres of grain; and five farms in the range of 1,001 to the largest of …

A Comparison Of The Utah Cattle Slaughter Market With The California Cattle Carcass Market, M. Lloyd Davies

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Reliable price data for fat cattle in Utah are becoming difficult to obtain because fewer and fewer slaughter cattle go through market channels where live cattle prices are reported.

The objectives of this study were to determine how correlated Utah fat cattle prices are with the California dressed meat market for cattle and formulate an equation or equations enabling reliable price predictions to be made for the Utah slaughter cattle market.

Utah choice and good steer prices (both direct and auction) were compared to the San Francisco wholesale meat market prices. Utah choice steer, good steer and choice heifer prices …

Self Concepts Of Mexican-American And Anglo-American Head Start Children, Sue Ann Erickson

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

This study investigated the differences in self concept of Mexican-American and Anglo-American preschool children to determine if Mexican children have less favorable self concepts when compared with Anglo children of the same age and socioeconomic background. Differences between self concepts of Mexican boys and girls and between Anglo boys and girls were investigated. A third object was to determine the extent to which children's reports of self agree with their perceptions of significant others' perceptions of them.

Twenty-two Mexican-American and 20 Anglo-American Head Start children were given the Brown-IDS Self Concept Referents Test. This test was specially designed for use …

The Desirability Of A State High School Cross-Country Program For Utah, Charles C. Hislop

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The purpose of this study was to determine if cross-country is a desirable sport for the Utah High School Activities Association to include as an interscholastic sport.

In order to determine practices, standards, and regulations of a desirable cross-country program, reasons for not including cross-country, and what the status of c ross-country is in Utah, questionnaires were sent to the states having a state sanctioned cross-country program , the states that do not have a state sanctioned cross-country program, and the track coaches in Utah.

From the data received , the following conclusions were made: (a) cross-country is a growing …

Reading Abilities Of Vocational Trade And Industrial Education Students In Granite School District Relative To Readability Level Of Textbooks, William E. Mckell

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The reading abilities of trade and industrial education students enrolled in the six trade and industrial education courses of automotive mechanics, building construction, drafting, electronics, machine shop, and welding in the six high schools of Granite School District were studied in relation to the rated readability of basic textbooks used in those courses. Additional relationships were studied between student reading abilities and intelligence, between course grades and intelligence, and between course grades and reading abilities.

The mean reading ability of the 388 trade and industrial education students included in the study assessed by administering the California Reading Test for grades …

A Comparative Survey Of Health Knowledge Between Sophomores At Utah State University And Sophomores At The University Of Utah, Richard L. Maughan

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

A survey was performed to compare basic health education knowledge between sophomore students at Utah State University and sophomore students at the University of Utah. This was performed through the use of a questionnaire consisting of 40 questions covering the following eight areas of prominence in health education:

1. Alcohol and tobacco

2. Community health and communicable disease

3. Consumer health

4. Drugs and narcotics

5. Food fads and medical quackery

6. Mental health

7. Personal health

8. Sex education

This questionnaire was administered through the mail to 250 randomly selected students at the two universities. When responses were received …

Hereford And Holstein Steer Performance On High Grain Diets With And Without Corn Silage, Cyril Bruce Russell

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

A factorially designed experiment had 18 Hereford and 18 Holstein steers on individually fed, high-grain diets. One diet included 59% rolled barley, 30% CSF beet pulp, 5% protein, vitamin, mineral, and stilbestrol supplement, and 6% chopped hay and straw. The other diet had corn silage (11% air dry matter equivalent) substituted for the chopped roughage and 5% of the beet pulp. The Holsteins were heavier at the start, 752 lb. as compared to the Herefords 686 lb. average. The weight differential was maintained throughout the approximately 180-day trial. The Holstein's feed consumption and rate of gain, 23.4 and 2.71 lb. …

Economies Of Size Of Cattle Ranches And Wheat Farms And A Comparison Of Management Alternatives For Marginal Cropland In Utah, John P. Workman

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Five long-run average cost curves were derived from questionnaire and interview data by connecting points corresponding to the per unit production costs and levels of beef output for four cattle ranch sizes (50, 150, 300, and 500 head of breeding cows). Analysis of the long-run average cost curves in combination with the 1968 weighted Utah beef price revealed that all four ranch sizes studied are capable of meeting cash costs. If the goal of the ranch operator is to meet both cash costs and depreciation, a cattle ranch supporting 105 breeding cows is the minimum size necessary. If provision is …

Changes In The Market Structure Of The Grocery Retailing Industry Of Four Selected Utah Retail Selling Areas, 1960-1969, Michael H. Salsibury

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

An analysis of four Utah retail selling areas was made to determine the changes in the market structure of the retail grocery industry of these markets. The study markets were Logan, Ogden, Salt Lake, and Provo-Orem. This study was an ex tension of the National Commission Food Marketing study of the retail food marketing industry.

The major changes observed in the study markets were increasing population, dollar food sales, supermarket saturation levels and concentration ratios. The number of retail food outlets was decreasing. The barriers to entry in the study markets increased during the study period.

There was substantial economic …

The Establishment And Comparison Of Prediction Equations For Determining Minimum Gpa's In Applied Arts Programs At Dixie College, Robert L. Cobb

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

This study was an attempt to establish and compare prediction equations for determining a minimum GPA of 2.00 in the Applied Arts programs at Dixie College. It also attempted to compare the derived predict ion equations used to determine mini mum GPA 1 s in both the Academic Arts and Applied Arts Divisions. The study compared the derived prediction equations used to determine minimum GPA's for each vocational program in the Applied Arts Division. The study attempted to determine and compare the most reliable predictor in the Academic Arts Division, total Applied Arts Division, and each vocational program in the …