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The Influence Of Various Energy Sources On Microbial Protein Synthesis From Biuret As Determined By Artificial Rumen Fermentation, Jenny Eggleston

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Barley, cornstarch, crested wheatgrass, glucose, molasses and solka floc were fermented with rumen fluid obtained from sheep that were adapted or unadapted to feed grade biuret (Kedlor) in their diet. Each rumen fluid and substrate combination was subjected to three nitrogen treatments: (1) control, (2) nitrogen added as feed grade biuret and (3) reagent grade biuret in a factoral arrangement of treatments. In vitro fermentations were terminated at 0, 12, 24, and 36 hours and the protein nitrogen insoluble in trichloroacetic acid (TCA) was determined.

Molasses and cornstarch fermentation residues increased while barley, crested wheatgrass, glucose and solka floc decreased …

A Procedure For Measuring Residual Rennin Activity In Whey And Curd From Freshly Coagulated Milk, Jorge Reyes

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

A procedure was developed for measuring residual rennin activity in curd extracts and whey. A sensitive substrate at pH 5.8 was prepared by mixing 6 grams of low-heat nonfat dry milk in 500 milliliters buffer containing 0.05 molar cacodylic acid, 0.02 molar calcium chloride, and 0.012 molar triethanolamine, and storing it at 2 degrees centigrade for 18 hours. Two milliliters of whey or curd extract were inoculated into 25 milliliters of substrate at 30 degrees centigrade. The coagulation time was measured and compared to that induced by 2 milliliters of a known rennin concentration added at the same time to …

Effects Of Controlled Atmosphere Storage On Quality And Certain Physiological Characteristics Of Lettuce (Lactuca Sativa L., Cultivar "Great Lakes"), Christopher Chi-Chuen Yang

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Lettuce heads (Cultivar "Great Lakes") were stored in different concentrations of O₂ and CO₂, including 1 percent O₂ and 1 percent CO₂, 2.5 percent O₂ and 2.5 percent CO₂, 5 percent O₂ and 0 percent CO₂, and 5 percent O₂ and 5 percent CO₂; temperatures of 35 and 70 F; and with or without microbe- and senescence-inhibiting chemicals and packaging. The samples were taken on the twentieth and fortieth days in the first series of experiments; and in the subsequent experiments, on the fifteenth, thirtieth, …

Certain Changes In Chemical Composition Of Lettuce (Lactuca Sativa L.) Stored In Controlled Atmosphere, Don Jeng Wang

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

This study was undertaken to determine the effect of four different combinations of treatments and storage; i.e., controlled atmosphere (2.5 percent O₂ and 2.5 percent CO₂), controlled atmosphere in combination with phaltan (1,000 ppm), controlled atmosphere with packaging in polyethylene bags, controlled atmosphere with phaltan and packaging in polyethylene bags, as well as conventional refrigeration, on the chemical composition of lettuce heads (Cultivar "Great Lakes") during 75 days of storage. Analyses of total sugars, starch, reducing sugars, total organic acids, free amino acids, soluble proteins, pH, titratable acidity, and total carotenes were made on the fifteenth, thirtieth, …

Factors Affecting The Growth Of Staphylococcus Aureus Strains Capable Of Producing Enterotoxins A, B, C And D In Sterile Milk, Manoj A. Divatia

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Growth and enterotoxin production by Staphylococcus aureus strains, in the presence of different starter [2:1 (V/V) blend of AM₂:ML₈ strains of Streptococcus lactis] levels was investigated. Sterile, 10 per cent non-fat dry milk was inoculated with S. aureus strains capable of producing all types of enterotoxins, and reduced levels of starters; and was incubated at 32 C for 24 hours. The pH and S. aureus population were determined at 2 hour intervals until 8 hours and at 24 hours. The inhibitory response of lactic streptococci was studied by spot-tests on a lawn of S. aureus strains. …

The Effects Of Telone And Related Compounds On The Synthesis And Degradation Of Carotenoids In Plants, David L. Berry

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The incorporation of 3-¹⁴C-,B-hydroxy-, B-methylglutaric acid (HMG) vii into carotenoids of excised etiolated maize shoots, crude cell free extracts and soluble extracts (20, 000 x g) of maize was investigated. HMG was effectively incorporated into carotenoids of excised shoots, crude extracts and soluble extracts. The excised shoots, crude extracts and soluble extracts incorporated 2-¹⁴C-mevalonic acid (MVA) into carotenoids as well. The results indicated the presence of HMG-CoA reductase in the plant as well as an HMG activating enzyme. The soluble extract showed a pH optimum of 7. 0 for incorporation of HMG into …

Antibody Production Of Rats Fed Diets Of Varying Nutrient Density, Radharukmani

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Available evidence indicated that the deficiency of a specific nutrient in the diets adversely affect antibody production from a mild to severe degree. Studies of the effects of diet partially deficient in various essential nutrients on antibody response is meagre.

Twelve groups of weanling rats were fed with diets prepared by diluting the basal diet with 0 to 75 percent sucrose for 46 days and their antibody response was measured on the 28th, 40th and 46th day using Salmonella pullorum as the antigen. The rats fed the diet containing 75 percent sucrose and 25 percent basal diet had mean antibody …

Immunological Response Of Rats Fed Decreasing Levels Of Dietary Iron And Calcium With Or Without Vitamin D, Bernice Nell Neibaur

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

A considerable amount of research has shown that a severe dietary deficiency of protein or vitamins will markedly depress antibody synthesis. Very little work has been done with the effect of mineral deficiencies on antibody production, and no evidence has been presented showing the relationship of the effects of small changes in nutrient intake to the sensitivity of the antibody response to small degrees of malnutrition and the relationship of dietary iron, calcium and vitamin D to the production of antibodies.

In two experiments, it was shown that as the level of iron in the diet is decreased, the production …

Effects Of Soil Fumigations With Telone And Nemagon On Physio-Chemical And Ultrastructural Changes In Carrot Roots And Sweet Corn Seeds, Maureen Mei-Chu Chen

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Carrots (Daucus carota L. cv. Royal Chantenay) and sweet corn (Zea mays L. cv. Iochief) were grown on the Utah State University's Greenville farm in 1969 and 1970. The soil was fumigated with Telone (a mixture of 1, 3-dichloropropene and other chlorinated hydrocarbons) at the rates of 10, 20, and 30 gal/acre and Nemagon (1, 2-dibromo-3-chloropropane) at the rates of 1, 2, and 3 gal/acre one week before planting. Samples of uniformly mature carrot roots were taken for the studies of total carotenes, β-carotene, total and reducing sugars, respiration, and ultrastructural changes; and those of sweet corn seeds for the …

Effects Of Water Quality On Physico-Chemical And Organoleptic Characteristics Of Selected Canned Fruits And Vegetables, Anita Kay Wilson

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The effect of processing water quality, specifically calcium and magnesium salt content (0-500 mg/1) and the addition of chelating agents (0-250 mg/1 of aminopolycarboxylic acids, polyphosphates, hydroxycarboxylic acids or phytates), upon physico-chemical and organoleptic characteristics of canned Jonathan and Delicious apple slices, Montmorency cherries and Blue Lake green beans was investigated.

Physical determinations: shear values, turbidity of syrup or brine measured via light transmittance, Hunter color and color difference meter readings and internal can corrosion; chemical composition: pectin as calcium pectate, volatile reducing substances, total acidity, pigment determinations, nitrate-nitrogen values; and sensory measurements: texture, shape, flavor, aroma, color value and …

Serum Lipids And Urinary Estrogens Of Non-Pregnant Menstruating Young Women, Shiao-Fan Lee

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Twelve university women students served as experimental subjects in a study of the serum lipids and urinary estrogens of healthy nonpregnant menstruating young women, who were living under their usual conditions.

The subjects maintained constant weight on their ordinary diets during the entire study period. Antecubital blood and 24-hour urine specimens were collected on certain days which represented different stages of the menstrual cycle. Quantitative analyses were made on serum total cholesterol, lipid phosphorus (phospholipids), triglycerides and total lipids. Gas-liquid chromatographic analysis of the fatty acid composition of each serum lipid component was also made. Urinary estrone, 17β- estradiol and …

The Regulatory Effects Of Certain S-Triazine Compounds On The Nutritive Composition Of Seeds And Leaves Of The Pea (Pisum Sativum L.) And Sweet Corn (Zea Mays L.) And Responses Of Metabolic Systems, Ming-Tsung Wu

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The study was conducted to investigate the influence of eight s-triazine compounds--simazine, atrazine, terbutryne, GS-14254, propazine, prometryne, prometone, and ametryne--on the composition of seeds of peas and sweet corn through soil and foliar application. In order to understand the mechanism of the effects of these a-triazines on protein accumulation, the responses of the metabolic systems of pea and sweet corn seedlings to s-triazine treatment was studied with emphasis on the stimulation of certain enzymes, and the changes in the rates of incorporation of ¹⁴C-L-leucine (U) into soluble protein. In addition, the effect of simazine on the ultrastructure …

Investigations Into The Microbial Ecology And Limnology Of Hyrum Reservoir, In Northern Utah, Kenneth Maxwell Green

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

A series of preliminary investigations was carried out to determine the factors promoting the dense, late summer waterblooms of Aphanizomenon flos-aguae in Hyrum Reservoir in northern Utah. Attempts were made to culture the Aphanizomenon in the ASM-8a medium of O'Flaherty and Phinney (J. Phycol. 6:95-97. 1970), but no growth was obtained and the algae soon lysed. Cultures were maintained, without growth, for more than four months in a lake water--lake sediment medium at 17 C under 1500 lux flourescent light.

Dissolved oxygen measurements using an in situ probe revealed the development of a sharp oxycline during the summer months; on …

The Flat Pod Rogue In Snap Beans (Phaseolus Vulgaris L.), Lynn B. Kerr

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Segregation patterns of several pod shapes of Phaseolus vulgaris L. cv Tendercrop, were studied. The causes of build-up of off-type pods in a seed stock were examined as were possible means of reversing the buildup. Natural selection factors such as germination, vigor, earliness, and ease of threshing, favored the off-types. Careful, selective milling was found to be an aid to roguing in keeping stock seed as free as possible of the off-type pods.

Recommendations Regarding The Instruction Of Fluid Power In Utah, Ronald C. Baker

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The fluid power systems equipment industry has shown a 117 percent growth from 1957 to 1968.

This impressive growth rate is critically affected by a shortage of competently trained workers.

The needs of selected Utah industries for trained personnel in fluid power were studied, and the results were projected from the sample to the state of Utah.

The skill levels most in demand were skilled, two-year technician, and semi-skilled.

Industries indicated that training to meet their needs could be conducted by on-the-job training, inplant schools, special schools, adult education programs, vocational high school programs, tow-year vocational school programs, two-year university …

Beards And Their Effect On Dimensions Of Self Concept, Douglas C. Olsen

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The effects of beards on aspects of self concept were studied. Experimental and control groups were administered measures of "self concept" in pre and post test situations. The experimental group grew beards while the control group continued to shave during the time interim. Results were analyzed using analysis of covariance, but failed to produce any significant differences.

Differences were found, however, in post test results of the within group variability of the experimental group in two areas: feeling reactivity and capacity for intimate contact. This suggests that possibly beards affect people in a wider variety of ways in their sensitivity …

N-Achievement Motivation Of Male Navaho Indian Students As Measured By An Acculturated N-Achievement Scale, Rex C. Ivory

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The problem which formed the basis of this research was to answer the question: "Can an acculturated version of McClelland's original n-Achievement scale be significantly more effective in measuring n-Achievement motivation of male Navaho Indian subjects than McClelland's original n-Achievement scale?" An answer to this question would hopefully be reason enough for using an acculturated n-Achievement scale to provide new information relative to the Navaho Indian's need to achieve.

The major underlying objective of this study was to develop a more effective projective scale than McClelland in measuring a Navaho Indian's n-Achievement motivation. This objective was not reached; however, the …

The Development Of A Vocational Interest Inventory Using "Worker-Oriented" Job Elements, Alma F. Harris

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The purpose of this study was to develop a vocational interest inventory, using the "worker-oriented" job elements of Dr. Ernest J. McCormick and his associates, and to assess the reliability of the resulting instrument.

The interest inventory was prepared, based on 191 of the questions from the Position Analysis Questionnaire, and the test-retest reliability was calculated for a sample of 71 high school students, over a three-week period.

The mean correlation coefficient for the five over-all "job dimension" scores of the interest inventory was .80, and the average item reliability was .54. These coefficients were considered high enough to justify …

Investigation Of One Aspect Of Initiative That Is Subsumed Under Self-Concept And Its Relationship To Performance, John Edmund Genasci

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Many children fail to achieve academic success despite an average or above average intellectual capacity, unimpaired motor ability, intact sensory functions, and an absence of major emotional disturbance. These same children have been assigned such descriptive terms as "underachievers" and "children with psycho-neurological disabilities."

It may be more apt to assume that these children who are underachieving and obtaining poor grades do so from lack of feeling of personal initiative and personal control over events in their lives.

This study attempts to investigate initiative as clinically observed and its effect upon tasks requiring an active analytical approach to problem solving. …

Conditioning Verbal Behavior: The Effect Of Experimenter Baseline Behavior On The Conditioning Of Opinion Statements Emitted By Undergraduate Students, William E. Greable

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The general purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of the operant conditioner's behavior during the baseline upon subsequent operant conditioning of opinion statements emitted by freshmen undergraduate students. Specifically, the study attempted to answer the following research questions:

1. Is it possible to systematically condition opinion statements in a verbal conditioning situation that resembles a counseling interview?
2. Does the behavior of the operant conditioner during the baseline have any influence on subsequent conditioning of opinion statements in a verbal conditioning situation resembling a counseling interview?
3. Is there a difference in the number of opinion statements emitted in a …

The Post-Reinforcement Pause And Terminal Rate In Fixed-Interval Schedules, Charles A. Lund

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

California Quail were exposed to fixed-interval schedules whose values ranged from FI 90 to FI 180. Post-reinforcement pause lengths and terminal rates were recorded and grouped into relative frequency distributions. The relative post-reinforcement pause length was found to be an increasing function of FI value such that at larger FI values a proportionally greater period of time was taken up by the post-reinforcement pause. Terminal rate (rate during the final 20% of the interval) was a decreasing function of FI value. The large amounts of variability in terminal rates observed indicated that terminal rate in fixed-interval schedules is not constant …

Behavioral Contrast In Children, Wenden Wayne Waite

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The present study was conducted as a systematic replication of earlier work investigating the phenomenon of behavioral contrast. Behavioral contrast has been consistently reported in alternating two component multiple schedules using infra-human subjects. The present study was interested in answering the question, "Does behavioral contrast exist in humans?"

Two experiments were performed which investigated the behavioral contrast and sequential contrast phenomena in children. In both experiments, lever press responses were analyzed using an ABA single-subject design. The children were instructed to press a lever to obtain as many tokens as possible. In Experiment I, six Ss were equally divided into …

Programmed Interpersonal Relations Training For Small Groups, John Fredricks

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The objective of this study was to determine the effect of the Human Development Institute's (HDI) new group relationship improvement program on the interpersonal functioning of those individuals who undergo the program. The "California Personality Inventory" (CPI), the "Fundamental Interpersonal Relations Orientation-Behavior" (FIRO-B), and a semantic differential were used to measure changes.

The two hypotheses of this study are:

1. There will be a significant change towards improved interpersonal relationship skills for all groups, as measured from pre- to post testings.

2. There will be no significant difference in the change in interpersonal relations as measured by the pre-and post tests, between …

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The Effects Of Response Sets On The Children's Manifest Anxiety Scale, Brent L. Andersen

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Modified versions of the Children's Manifest Anxiety Scale (CMAS) and Marlow-Crowne Social Desirability Scale (MCSDS) were administered to 40 normal and 29 retarded elementary school children to determine the effects of response sets upon CMAS scores. The results of the research indicated that CMAS scores obtained from retarded subjects reflect the use of acquiescence and denial response sets. Acquiescence response set did not affect the CMAS scores of normal children although there was a negative relationship between their CMAS scores and social desirability. The higher anxiety scores obtained by normal girls was felt to reflect their lower use of social …

An Economic Analysis Of The Cisco Fisheries Of Bear Lake, Utah And Idaho, John E. Keith

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The willingness to pay of participants in cisco fishing was studied for 1970. Opportunity cost of time, calculated from foregone income, was examined as part of the total costs of fishing. The opportunity cost of time was found to be a significant factor in the consumers' decision to participate, and therefore effected the valuation of the recreation considerably.

Additionally, the coefficients of income and opportunity costs of time were compared and found to be of different sign for rural counties indicating a difference between the two variables.

An Evaluation Of The Application Of Survey Research To Public Administration: A Case Study Of The Utah State University Merrill Library, Richard Allan Jenson

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Libraries,like many other governmental organizations,have a peculiar difficulty assessing how well they are able to serve their clientele. The reason is that they have no measure of success, such as profits or votes. The only measure is usually vocal communications such as complaints, suggestions, compliments or criticisms. Some of these suggestions are valid, but placing one's judgment on these communications can be very tenuous, and not necessarily representative of the desires of a majority of the clientele.

The purpose of this research was to test the use of survey research as an aid to the public administrator. The intent was …

An Economic Appraisal Of On-Farm Water Management Practices In Developing Countries: A Study Of Summer Rice Production In Guayas Rivers Basin, Ecuador, Thomas L. White

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The primary objective of this study was to examine rice production methods, with special emphasis on irrigation-water management practices used by producers from all levels of management in the Guayas River Basin, Ecuador. To do this, rice producers were divided into four categories on the basis of the level of mechanization of their operation, use of purchased inputs, and the level of investment in irrigation facilities and general management practices. The levels of investment in irrigation facilities ranged from 7,000 to 500 sucres per hectare, and mechanization of production varied from almost total use of machinery for cultivation operations to …

A Descriptive Study Of The Role Of The Teacher Aide In The Home Economics Classes Of The State Of Utah, Carol Zeneth Isrealsen

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The definition of aide for this study was a non-certified person in the classroom who aids and assists the professional with non-related tasks.

The present role of the teacher aide in Home Economics was described and suggested guidelines for future aide utilization were proposed.

The study was conducted in three phases : 1) Personal Interviews were conducted of three teacher aides and two teachers presently employed in Utah. 2) Correspondence with fifty program directors or teachers using aides in other states. 3) Time-Activity analysis of 12 junior and senior high Home Economics teachers.

Instruments used were: 1) A twelve item …

Field Observations On The Biology Of Mimulus Guttatus Dc. In Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming, Barbara L. Rice

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The response of Mimulus guttatus DC. to its unusual thermal habitat in Yellowstone Park is described. Although populations within the park are usually observed in thermal areas, no evidence indicates that they are restricted to thermal soils. The median temperature for soils of natural populations is about 26 C. Populations are distributed in both acidic and basic thermal areas. Success of the species in the thermal soils is facilitated by rapid vegetative growth, allowing fluctuation in population size or position with changes in soil temperature. Water availability is a critical limiting factor in distribution and lack of water tends to …

Polymerization Of Tobacco Mosaic Virus, Fabian Crespo V.

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

An organic chemical condensing reagent, 1-cyclohexyl-3-(2-morpholinoethyl)-carbodiimide metho-p-toluene sulfonate (CMC) was tested for effectiveness in inducing polymerization of short lengths of tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) nucleoprotein particles isolated from systemically infected Turkish tobacco leaves. It appeared that the chemical induced the formation of phosphodiester linkages between the viral RNA helices in the joining nucleoprotein fragments. Because the polymerization reaction liberates a hydroxyl ion with each joining event the kinetics of the polymerization can be followed with time using a pH meter. The number of hydroxyl ions liberated is equal to the number of polymerizations. Physical evidence of polymerization was obtained by …