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Randomized Control Trial Of A Novel Dental Gel As An Adjunct To Scaling And Root Planing In Subjects With Stage Ii & Iii Periodontitis, Sarah Pham Jan 2023

Randomized Control Trial Of A Novel Dental Gel As An Adjunct To Scaling And Root Planing In Subjects With Stage Ii & Iii Periodontitis, Sarah Pham

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The current standard of care for treating chronic periodontitis is scaling and root planing (ScRP) followed by supportive periodontal therapy (SPT) (Cobb et al., 2021; Ramfjord et al., 1987). The goal of ScRP is to eliminate supra- and subgingival bacterial deposits and to reduce periodontal pathogens, inflammation, and pocket depths (Greenstein, 2000). Although ScRP has been shown to significantly improve baseline clinical parameters, moderate to advanced cases may require additional surgical therapy which many patients resist (Stambaugh, 1981; Becker et al., 2001). Currently, no dentifrice used adjunctively has been proven to increase the therapeutic effects of scaling and root planing. …

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Genetic And Epigenetic Risk Scores For Chronic Kidney Disease In African Americans, Alana C. Jones Jan 2023

Genetic And Epigenetic Risk Scores For Chronic Kidney Disease In African Americans, Alana C. Jones

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Kidney disease is the tenth-leading cause of death in the United States (US). There are significant racial disparities within kidney disease: African Americans (AAs) have the highest rates of CKD and carry a four-fold higher risk of developing end-stage renal disease (ESRD). They are also less likely to undergo kidney transplants, and among those who do, are more likely to experience graft rejection. Additionally, until 2021, kidney function equations were shown to underestimate the severity of kidney disease in AA due to the use of race coefficients. Among all populations, genetic and epigenetic factors contribute to kidney disease. However, AAs …

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Controlling Mechanical Properties In Thim Multilayer Hydrogels Through Network Structure, Maksim Dolmat Jan 2023

Controlling Mechanical Properties In Thim Multilayer Hydrogels Through Network Structure, Maksim Dolmat

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Polymer thin films possess unique properties, cost-effectiveness, and flexibility, making them vital for enhancing surface functionality. Layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly allows for synthesis of ultrathin polymeric films with precise control over film thickness, material selection, surface chemistry, and responsiveness. Current advancements in LbL assembly focus on understanding film formation and deposition conditions on film’s structure and properties. Covalent cross-linking of physically bonded LbL networks forms multilayer hydrogel networks capable of absorbing large amounts of water. The use of stimuli-responsive polymers has facilitated the advancement of "smart" materials capable of responding to external stimuli. Stimuli-responsive hydrogels exhibit reversible volume changes, making them …

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Differential Mechanisms Of Intestinal Inflammation Drive Pathogenesis Of Diabetic Retinopathy In Type 1 And Type 2 Diabetes, Jason Levi Floyd Jan 2023

Differential Mechanisms Of Intestinal Inflammation Drive Pathogenesis Of Diabetic Retinopathy In Type 1 And Type 2 Diabetes, Jason Levi Floyd

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Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the most common microvascular complication of diabetes and, along with diabetic macular edema (DME), accounts for the greatest source of vision-threatening eye disease in the working-age community. DR is caused by weakening of the retinal vasculature, the blood-retinal barrier (BRB), by high levels of blood glucose (hyperglycemia), exacerbations of oxidative stress, and systemic inflammatory factors. Many of these inflammatory factors are metabolic by-products and cell membrane constituents of the gut microbiota, the resident community of microbial species which inhabit the lumen of the gastrointestinal tract. These factors are collectively termed gut microbial antigens (GMAs). In diabetes, …

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Factors Influencing Physical Activity Among Us Adults With Chronic Health Conditions: Mediation And Moderation Analysis, Sami M. Alqahtani Jan 2023

Factors Influencing Physical Activity Among Us Adults With Chronic Health Conditions: Mediation And Moderation Analysis, Sami M. Alqahtani

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The prevalence of chronic health conditions (CHCs) is rising across all age groups, genders, and racial/ethnic groupings, making them the main cause of death globally. The majority of CHCs deaths occur in middle-to-low-income countries, although they are also a significant health issue in developed countries. A higher risk of developing CHCs is linked to physical inactivity. Global societies are experiencing increased prevalence of CHCs, which are directly assoicated with rising healthcare costs, workforce attendance, productivity challenges, and academic success. However, increased exercise and physical activity (PA) are linked to lower odds of developing CHCs. In fact, regular PA can help …

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Synthesis, Characterization, And Evaluation Of A Bionanomatrix And Antibiotic-Releasing Liposomes On Osseointegration, Vascularization, Inflammation, And Antibacterial Efficacy, Benjamin Kade Estep Jan 2023

Synthesis, Characterization, And Evaluation Of A Bionanomatrix And Antibiotic-Releasing Liposomes On Osseointegration, Vascularization, Inflammation, And Antibacterial Efficacy, Benjamin Kade Estep

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Percutaneous osseointegrated prostheses (POP) implants combat the multitude of issues and limitations of contemporary prosthetic sockets/limbs, including range of motion, comfort/fit, irritation, gait, and osseoproprioception. However, POP implants lack long-term clinical success; specifically, several risks exist at the bone-implant interface, including superficial/deep infections, inflammation, poor vascularization, and inadequate osseointegration, resulting in implant loosening over time and ultimately removal of the implant. The goal of this thesis is to evaluate a multifunctional, nitric oxide-releasing bionanomatrix incorporated with antibiotic-releasing liposomes on osseointegration, inflammation, vascularization/angiogenesis, and bacterial infection. We successfully synthesized the bionanomatrix, and the antibiotic-releasing liposomes readily encapsulated the antibiotics. The antibiotic-releasing …

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Protein-Carbohydrate Ratio Affects Blastema Formation During Wound Healing In The Zebrafish Danio Rerio, Jonathan T. Flowers Jan 2023

Protein-Carbohydrate Ratio Affects Blastema Formation During Wound Healing In The Zebrafish Danio Rerio, Jonathan T. Flowers

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Tissue damage, whether a traumatic injury or surgically-induced, can compromise organ structure and function. Traumatic injury affects 38 million people annually in the U.S alone, costing around 4.8 billion dollars. Much research has been accomplished on defining the pathways associated with recovery, but research on understanding the role of nutrition in wound healing is limited. Zebrafish (Danio rerio) provide a high-throughput model to elucidate nutrients that are important in the regenerative process due to their reproductive capacity, rapid development, cost compared to other animal models and, lastly, their ability for tissue regeneration. Specifically caudal fin amputation is of interest because …

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Examination Of The Bidirectional Relationship Between Anhedonia And Vaporized Cannabis Use In Adolescents: A Longitudinal Cohort Analysis, Cynthia Estrella Ortiz Jan 2023

Examination Of The Bidirectional Relationship Between Anhedonia And Vaporized Cannabis Use In Adolescents: A Longitudinal Cohort Analysis, Cynthia Estrella Ortiz

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Cannabis is the most commonly used illicit substance in the United States, and the prevalence of cannabis use has increased in recent years following changes in. One method that has become increasingly popular among adolescents is vaporized cannabis. Current research appears to be contradictory, whereas some studies indicate that vaporized cannabis use can boost mood, other investigations have indicated that vaporized cannabis use is associated with an increase in depressive symptoms. A limited number of research studies have also identified a relationship between cannabis use and anhedonia, however, this relationship is unclear, particularly among adolescents. Due to the reported adverse …

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Investigating The Electrostatics Of Mucins As Key Contributors To Mucus Stasis In Cystic Fibrosis, Elex Skylar Rose Jan 2023

Investigating The Electrostatics Of Mucins As Key Contributors To Mucus Stasis In Cystic Fibrosis, Elex Skylar Rose

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Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a genetic disease caused by mutations in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene, which encodes a channel responsible for the transport of chloride and bicarbonate ions across the apical cell surface. In the respiratory tract, defective CFTR results in viscous and adherent mucus that becomes static within the airway, which leads to chronic infections, progressive lung damage, and early mortality. Historically, CF mucus stasis has been attributed to significant airway dehydration; however, growing evidence has demonstrated that aberrant electrostatic properties of mucins also contribute to mucus stasis in CF. Mucins are large, polymeric glycoproteins …

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Cardiomyocyte-Specific Modified Mrna For Myocardial Regeneration In A Porcine Myocardial Infarction Model, Jiacheng Sun Jan 2023

Cardiomyocyte-Specific Modified Mrna For Myocardial Regeneration In A Porcine Myocardial Infarction Model, Jiacheng Sun

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The inability of adult mammalian cardiomyocytes (CMs) to undergo cell renewal following ischemic injury stands as a major impediment to heart function recovery and contributes to heart failure (HF). Current therapeutic approaches do not offer an effective approach of reactivating CM cell division to prevent HF in humans. Recognizing this challenge, gene therapy has emerged as a promising approach to promote CM proliferation and enhance cardiac repair. A particularly notable approach is the utilization of modified mRNA (modRNA), which provides a safe, controlled, transient, non-viral, and clinically relevant means of gene delivery. The study was conducted using a novel cardiomyocyte …

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The Role Of Processing Efficiency In Cognitive Outcomes Of Pediatric Cancer Survivors, Julie A. Trapani Jan 2023

The Role Of Processing Efficiency In Cognitive Outcomes Of Pediatric Cancer Survivors, Julie A. Trapani

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Pediatric cancer and cancer-related treatments may disrupt brain development and maturation, placing survivors at risk for cognitive late effects. Identifying distinct patterns in outcomes across cancer types has been challenging, which has limited the implementation of systematic neurocognitive screening protocols. Emerging research indicates that processing efficiency (PE) impairment, or inefficient neural processing as measured by working memory (WM) and processing speed (PS) abilities, is a frequently reported but poorly defined cognitive late effect in survivors of both primary central nervous system (CNS) cancers and cancers of non-CNS origin. This dissertation attempts to 1) review and conceptualize PE skills in pediatric …

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A Study To Examine The Relationship Between Ceo Characteristics And Organizational Performance In The Us Pharmaceutical And Biopharmaceutical Industries, Wafick K. Mohamed Jan 2023

A Study To Examine The Relationship Between Ceo Characteristics And Organizational Performance In The Us Pharmaceutical And Biopharmaceutical Industries, Wafick K. Mohamed

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This study examined the relationship between CEO tenure, sex, level of education, and organizational performance across 229 U.S. publicly traded pharmaceutical and biopharmaceutical companies. The Upper Echelons Theory was used to guide this research on how CEO characteristics could impact organizational performance. Fifteen hypotheses were developed and tested to evaluate the statistically significant relationship between CEO tenure, sex, level of education, and the organizational performance demonstrated in the abnormal stock return valuation and the number of FDA-approved drug products in clinical trial phases (phases 1, 2, and 3) for each company. This quantitative, non-experimental, and cross-sectional study was completed by …

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An Exploration Of The Mental Health Experiences Of Young Women With Diminished Ovarian Reserve, Brittany M. Woods Jan 2023

An Exploration Of The Mental Health Experiences Of Young Women With Diminished Ovarian Reserve, Brittany M. Woods

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Infertility is a reproductive disease resulting in the inability to conceive. One in six individuals will experience infertility in their lifetime. Diminished ovarian reserve (DOR) reduces the quantity and/or quality of a female's oocyte pool and is a known cause of infertility. Although this occurs during normal ovarian aging in the late 30s and early 40s, DOR can also impact younger women, increasing their risk for psychological distress from an unexpected diagnosis. The purpose of this dissertation is to develop a deeper understanding of the mental health experiences of young women with DOR through the generation of three manuscripts. Manuscript …

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Electronegative Clusters Modulate The Stability, Folding And Binding Affinity Of Rna-Binding Proteins, Steven Mathew Zaharias Jan 2023

Electronegative Clusters Modulate The Stability, Folding And Binding Affinity Of Rna-Binding Proteins, Steven Mathew Zaharias

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RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) are crucial to RNA processing and regulation. RBPs have elevated levels of disordered regions that are enriched with repetitive motifs. The longest and most common of these repetitive motifs are electronegative clusters (ENCs) that are made up of consecutive acidic amino acids and/or phosphorylatable residues. In this dissertation, we aim to characterize the function of ENCs in RBPs for the first time. We investigate the effect that ENCs have on both structured and unstructured RNA binding domains (RBDs). Using NMR and fluorescence spectroscopy we illustrate that a native ENC in ribosome biogenesis protein 15 (Nop15) increases the …

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Navigating Missed Visits In Hiv Primary Care: Exploring Risk Factors Associated With Missed Visits, Jiaying Hao Jan 2023

Navigating Missed Visits In Hiv Primary Care: Exploring Risk Factors Associated With Missed Visits, Jiaying Hao

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The HIV care continuum is a public health model that outlines the steps or stages people with HIV go through from diagnosis to achieving and maintaining viral suppression. Retention in care, a key component of the HIV care continuum, is critical in achieving good health outcomes for people with HIV (PWH) and preventing HIV transmission. Consistent HIV care is essential for the health of PWH as a part of retention in care. De-spite no standard measure for retention in care to PWH, the missed (no-show) vis-its/appointments is one of the most commonly used methods for evaluating retention in HIV care. …

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The Genetic Epidemiology Of Complex Lung Diseases, Ava Claire Wilson Jan 2023

The Genetic Epidemiology Of Complex Lung Diseases, Ava Claire Wilson

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This research utilizes precision medicine techniques to advance our understanding of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) and Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF) with the overall goal of improving the etiology of and identifying molecular targets and pathways in COPD and IPF to help improve patient outcomes. We aimed to 1) identify novel drug targets and uncover potential mechanisms by which pirfenidone and nintedanib attenuate fibrosis by performing an integrative ‘omics analysis of transcriptomics and proteomic responses to TGFb1-stimulated lung fibroblasts; 2) define a skeletal muscle fiber shift phenotype in both males and females with COPD and begin to disentangle underlying mechanisms …

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Mechanisms Linking The Circadian Clock To Cardiac Physiology, Lamario J. Williams Jan 2023

Mechanisms Linking The Circadian Clock To Cardiac Physiology, Lamario J. Williams

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Rationale: Cardiovascular disease continues to be the leading cause of death in America. Many aspects of both cardiovascular physiology (e.g., blood pressure, heart rate) and pathophysiology (e.g., myocardial infarctions, sudden cardiac death) exhibit time-of-day dependent fluctuations (termed diurnal variations). Circadian clocks consist of transcriptional feedback cascades directly modulating expression of genes involved in processes such as metabolism, signaling, and ion transport. Interestingly, genetic deletion of a core circadian clock component in the heart (cardiomyocyte-specific Bmal1 knockout mice) leads to chronic induction of the transcriptional repressor E4 Promoter-Binding Protein 4 (E4BP4) associated with early-onset dilated cardiomyopathy, metabolic inflexibility, and electrophysiologic disturbances. …

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Transcriptional Regulation In Early Stage Cd4+ T Cell Activation And Differentiation, Andrew Ray Schroeder Jan 2023

Transcriptional Regulation In Early Stage Cd4+ T Cell Activation And Differentiation, Andrew Ray Schroeder

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CD4+ T cells regulate the humoral and cellular immune responses by differentiating into T follicular helper (Tfh) cells or into non-Tfh effector cells. Non-Tfh effector cells leave the lymph node and migrate to the effector site whereas Tfh cells upregulate CXCR5 and migrate towards the B cell follicle. The mechanism of CXCR5 induction, however, is still incompletely understood. The transcription factor Bach2 was shown to inhibit the in vitro differentiation of Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells as well as the in vivo Tfh responses. Though, it is unknown how Bach2 arbitrates Tfh and non-Tfh differentiation in vivo. Here, we report …

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Perceptionf Of Multipurpose Prevention Technologies Aimed At Hiv/Sti/Unintended Pregnancy Among African American Women In The Deep South, Kristina Wilbekin Walker Jan 2023

Perceptionf Of Multipurpose Prevention Technologies Aimed At Hiv/Sti/Unintended Pregnancy Among African American Women In The Deep South, Kristina Wilbekin Walker

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Sexual and reproductive health (SRH) needs for women are not being met globally. In addition to efforts towards providing widespread access to currently available contraceptives and sexually transmitted infection (STI) treatment or prevention products, another focus is the development of multipurpose prevention technologies (MPTs). These MPTs are combination methods that prevent pregnancy, and protect against HIV and/or additional STIs. The objective of this dissertation research was to assess factors related to sexual and reproductive decision-making that may influence interest in MPTs and inform MPT implementation strategies for African and African American (AA) women. The first aim of this research, I …

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Interactions Between Pseudomonas Aeruginosa And The Oral Commensal Streptococcus Salivarius, Sara Noelle Stoner Jan 2023

Interactions Between Pseudomonas Aeruginosa And The Oral Commensal Streptococcus Salivarius, Sara Noelle Stoner

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The cystic fibrosis airway is a polymicrobial environment often dominated by opportunistic pathogens such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a leading cause of lung function decline and mortality in persons with CF. Commensal streptococcal colonization has been associated with stable CF lung function in multiple studies. However, few studies have examined interactions between P. aeruginosa and commensals as well as their impact on P. aeruginosa airway infections. In the first half of this work, we studied interactions between P. aeruginosa and the oral commensal Streptococcus salivarius within a biofilm setting. We found that S. salivarius biofilm formation is promoted by the non-mucoid …

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Effects Of Dietary R, S-1, 3-Butanediol Diacetoacetate On Components Of Energy Balance And Hepatic Health, Kelsey A. Rushing Jan 2023

Effects Of Dietary R, S-1, 3-Butanediol Diacetoacetate On Components Of Energy Balance And Hepatic Health, Kelsey A. Rushing

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Objective: Exogenous ketone administration presents a possible treatment strategy for obesity and obesity-related diseases. The exogenous ketone ester, R,S-1,3-butanediol diacetoacetate (BD-AcAc2) decreases adiposity and hepatic steatosis in high-fat dietinduced obese mice. In our previous work, carbohydrate energy was removed and replaced with the ketone ester to produce isocaloric diets. The current investigation aimed to determine whether BD-AcAc2 decreases markers of hepatic steatosis and inflammation in lean mice on a high-fat, high-sugar (HFHS) diet without removing carbohydrate energy. Methods: Sixteen 11-week-old male C57BL/6J mice were randomized to one of two groups for 9 weeks (n = 8 per group): 1) Control …

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Cis-Regulatory Elements: Relevance For Alzheimer's Disease, Brianne Brazell Rogers Jan 2023

Cis-Regulatory Elements: Relevance For Alzheimer's Disease, Brianne Brazell Rogers

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Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disease, currently affecting more than six million Americans with limited treatment options. Identifying genetics contributors to neurodegenerative diseases has contributed critical insights into potential disease mechanisms. The majority of disease-associated genetic variants are located in non-coding regions, likely in regulatory elements, and affect the expression of target genes whose function contributes to neurodegeneration. Here, I performed a case-control study utilizing nuclei from dorsolateral prefrontal cortex postmortem tissue to correlate chromatin accessibility with gene expression and nominate 40,831 AD-specific candidate cis-regulatory elements. Additionally, work in this dissertation nominates ZEB1 and MAFB as candidate …

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Understanding The Dual Role Of The Oncolytic Viruses And Natural Killer Cells In Targeting Neuroblastoma, Colin Harrington Quinn Jan 2023

Understanding The Dual Role Of The Oncolytic Viruses And Natural Killer Cells In Targeting Neuroblastoma, Colin Harrington Quinn

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Pediatric cancer is the leading cause of death by disease in children, and neuroblastoma accounts for roughly 15% of pediatric cancer related deaths. Neuroblastoma is a malignancy of neural crest origin and develops in the ganglia of the peripheral nervous system, most commonly arising in the adrenal glands. Advancements in therapy have significantly improved outcomes for children with low-risk neuroblastoma but for those with high-risk refractory, or relapsed disease, survival outcomes remain dismal and intervention with toxic chemotherapeutics often result in long term morbidities. The need for improved therapies for this patient population is dire. Immunotherapies offer a novel approach …

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Characterization And Application Of Radiolabeled Peptides For Pet Imaging Of Cd206 Positive Macrophages In Cancer, Candace Ciera Parker Jan 2023

Characterization And Application Of Radiolabeled Peptides For Pet Imaging Of Cd206 Positive Macrophages In Cancer, Candace Ciera Parker

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Positron emission tomography (PET) is a form of molecular imaging that allows for a noninvasive assessment of physiologic information by utilizing radioactive contrast agents. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are large phagocytic cells that play numerous roles in cancer biology and are an important component of the relationship between immune system response and tumor progression. Macrophages are broadly classified into two main groups with differing roles in immune defense and immune surveillance: classically activated macrophages (M1-like) and alternatively activated macrophages (M2-like). TAMs can influence chemoresistance, immune regulation, tumor initiation, and tumor growth, both directly and indirectly, and the presence of TAMS can …

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Imaging Nanoscale Plasma Membrane Dynamics Reveals Diversity In Clathrin-Coated Vesicle Formation, Tomasz Jacek Nawara Jan 2023

Imaging Nanoscale Plasma Membrane Dynamics Reveals Diversity In Clathrin-Coated Vesicle Formation, Tomasz Jacek Nawara

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Clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME) is an essential cellular process facilitating the internalization of a variety of cargo. Clathrin polymerization and changes in plasma membrane architecture and composition are necessary steps to mediate the formation of clathrin-coated vesicles (CCVs). However, simultaneous analysis of clathrin dynamics and membrane structure in living cells is challenging due to the limited axial resolution of fluorescence microscopes and the heterogeneity of CME. This has fueled conflicting models of vesicle assembly and obscured the roles of flat clathrin assemblies. Here we use Simultaneous Two-wavelength Axial Ratiometry (STAR) microscopy to bridge this critical knowledge gap by quantifying the nanoscale …

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Structural Characterization Of Autoreactive Igg Fabs In The Context Of Iga Nephropathy, Jordan Lingo Jan 2023

Structural Characterization Of Autoreactive Igg Fabs In The Context Of Iga Nephropathy, Jordan Lingo

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IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is the most common primary glomerulonephritis in the world, yet there is no cure and treatment options are limited. Advances in understanding of the molecular basis of this pathology may lead to potential novel therapeutics, but there is still much we don’t know about the disease and the underlying biology. The current paradigm explaining the molecular stages leading to IgAN is called the “multi-hit hypothesis,” which involves the following four hits: (1) Elevated levels of circulating IgA1 with some O-linked glycans deficient in galactose moieties (galactose-deficient IgA1, Gd-IgA1). (2) Circulating IgG autoantibodies (autoAbs) specific to the Gd-IgA1 …

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T-Bet Regulates The Maintenance And Asc Differentiation Potential Of The Lymph Node And Lung Memory B Cell Compartments, Christopher A. Risley Jan 2023

T-Bet Regulates The Maintenance And Asc Differentiation Potential Of The Lymph Node And Lung Memory B Cell Compartments, Christopher A. Risley

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Although human memory B cells (Bmem), including extrafollicular DN2 cells and CD27+ effector Bmem (eBmem), express T-bet, its role in Bmem biology is not understood. We characterized transcriptionally distinct clusters of mature, somatically mutated nucleoprotein (NP)-specific Bmem in LNs of influenza-infected mice. None of the Bmem expressed plasma cell (PC) lineage commitment factors, but one cluster was significantly enriched for Tbx21+ cells that exhibited a molecular signature similar to the previously described human T-bet+ eBmem. Metabolic reprogramming, protein synthesis and the mTOR-dependent unfolded protein response gene networks were all upregulated in Tbx21+ NP+ mouse Bmem. Using constitutive and inducible models …

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Intent-To-Treat Versus Per Protocol Analysis Of A Crossover Feeding Trial: Effect Of Dietary Sodium On Obstructive Sleep Apnea, Gabrielle Gloston Jan 2023

Intent-To-Treat Versus Per Protocol Analysis Of A Crossover Feeding Trial: Effect Of Dietary Sodium On Obstructive Sleep Apnea, Gabrielle Gloston

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Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common form of sleep disordered breathing that leads to poor daytime functioning. It is strongly associated with hypertension (HTN) and apneic events in individuals with OSA can drive blood pressure (BP) surges at night. Treating OSA with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) has led to reductions in day- and nighttime BP and treatment of HTN has also been reported to have beneficial effects on OSA severity. Dietary sodium has long been implicated in HTN and dietary sodium restriction improves BP levels. Recently, dietary sodium restriction was found to reduce OSA severity in men with …

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Examining Associations Between Sources Of Stress And Experimental Pain Sensitivity In Pediatric Patients With Functional Abdominal Pain Disorders, Corinne Taylor Evans Jan 2023

Examining Associations Between Sources Of Stress And Experimental Pain Sensitivity In Pediatric Patients With Functional Abdominal Pain Disorders, Corinne Taylor Evans

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Functional abdominal pain disorders (FAPDs) are one of the most common pain complaints among children and adolescents. Research demonstrates a relationship between multiple sources of stress and pain responses. However, research has not yet explored the role of stress in pain processing and sensitivity in youth with FAPDs. Thus, the present study aimed to examine associations between biopsychosocial sources of stress and experimental pain sensitivity in pediatric patients with FAPDs. Additionally, racial differences in clinical and experimental pain responses were explored. Analytical findings did not support hypotheses as the biological, social, and psychological sources of stress did not predict experimental …

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Adverse Childhood Experiences And Chronic Low Back Pain In Adulthood: Roles Of Emotion Regulation And Socioeconomic Status, Pavithra Andrea Thomas Jan 2023

Adverse Childhood Experiences And Chronic Low Back Pain In Adulthood: Roles Of Emotion Regulation And Socioeconomic Status, Pavithra Andrea Thomas

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Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) can have profound deleterious effects on physical health and psychological functioning in adulthood. ACEs may be a social determinant of chronic pain development and severity in adulthood; however, little research to date has investigated the psychological processes that might underlie this association. Emotion regulation, an established transdiagnostic risk factor underlying psychopathological conditions, may be a potential mediator of the relationship between ACEs and pain. Lower socioeconomic status is associated with greater risk of ACEs and poor chronic pain outcomes, yet research has not clarified the role of subjective versus objective determinants of socioeconomic factors within these …

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