Digital Commons Network^™

Particulate Amino Acids In The Sea: Effects Of Primary Productivity And Biological Decomposition, Cindy Lee, Carolyn Cronin

Journal of Marine Research

We measured the flux of amino acids associated with sinking particles collected by sediment traps at two Pacific Ocean sites. These results were compared with results from six other sites where we and others have measured amino acid fluxes. This comparison shows that the flux of amino acids on sinking particles is related to primary productivity. This relationship exists in spite of differences in the oceanic regimes sampled and in the sediment traps, bactericides, and amino acid analysis techniques used. The amount of particulate amino acids leaving the euphotic zone in areas of higher productivity is a higher proportion of …

The Significance Of Subsurface Chlorophyll, Nitrite And Ammonium Maxima In Relation To Nitrogen For Phytoplankton Growth In Stratified Waters Of The Gulf Of Maine, P. M. Holligan, W. M. Balch, C. M. Yentsch

Journal of Marine Research

Data on the distributions in summer of phytoplankton and inorganic nutrients in the Gulf of Maine and across Georges Bank are presented. The chlorophyll maximum represents a phytoplankton biomass maximum and occurs at a depth where both light and nitrate availability allow net growth of the population. The dominant species were generally flagellates and included the toxic dinoflagellate, Gonyaulax tamarensis var. excavata, at some stations. The ammonium and nitrite profiles suggest that nitrification is occurring at the base of the pycnocline below the chlorophyll maximum, and this may be an important source of nitrate during the summer months. The highest …

Bioturbation Processes In Continental Slope And Rise Sediments Delineated By Pb-210, Microfossil And Textural Indicators, J. N. Smith, C. T. Schafer

Journal of Marine Research

Measurements of Pb-210 activities, in conjunction with micropaleontological, geotechnical and sedimentological observations, on sediment cores have been used to characterize two distinctive bioturbation regimes on the continental slope and rise east of Newfoundland. On the rise (2600 m), excess Pb-210 is confined to the upper few centimeters of the coarser-grained sediments underlying the axis of the Western Boundary Undercurrent. The geological and geochemical evidence for a low rate of bioturbation in this high bottom current regime is consistent with a reduced population of deeper burrowing macrofauna, particularly the species Maldane sarsi. In contrast, a higher flux of organic-rich, fine-grained …

Pre-Hospital Airway Management : A Comparison Of Esophageal And Endotracheal Intubation, Roger Phillips

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

In the late 1960's, a new method for advanced airway management in the pre-hospital setting, the esophageal obturator airway (EOA), was introduced. Ever since, it has been the subject of much discussion over whether it was an effective replacement or alternative to the device traditionally used for airway protection, the endotracheal (ET) tube. Much of the comment has been in the form of personal opinion and anecdotal reports. Each device is in use by paramedics operating out of two hospitals in southern Connecticut, the EOA at Yale New Haven Hospital and the ET at Norwalk Hospital. The ambulance and emergency …

A Study Of Suction Induced Dermo-Epidermal Separation And Epidermal Wound Healing In The Human, Alison Colette Lindsay

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

No abstract provided.

The Changing Role Of Electives In Undergraduate Medical Education, Paul Dodge Gagliardi

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

No abstract provided.

Hybridomas Derived From Murine Gut Associated Lymphoid Tissue, Robert Staszewski

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

The clinical potential of specific passive mucosal immunity is discussed and it is proposed that bulk quantities of hybridoma produced specific dimeric IgAs could be clinically useful as made to order super colostrums. SIgAs function on mucosal surfaces to prevent the adherence of pathogens. They are poor opsonins and do not activate complement except by the alternate pathway. In principle mesenteric lymph note (MLN) or Peyer's patch (PP) lymphocytes aseptically harvested from enterically immunized and boostered mice displaying blastogenic anamnestic response might be fused with log phase cells of a non secreting murine myeloma to generate specific dimeric IgA (+J) …

Prognostic Stratification Of Patients With Cystic Fibrosis Based On Clinical Features Of Initial Presentation, Jeffrey Neil Katz

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

No abstract provided.

Double Kelvin Waves In A Two-Layer Sea, S. A. W. Bondok, H. G. Pinsent

Journal of Marine Research

It is shown that a depth change such as a fault line acts as a wave guide to long period waves in a two-layer rotating sea, in a similar way to the Double Kelvin waves of Longuet-Higgins (1968a, b) for a homogeneous sea. For a sea with a step discontinuity in depth, the effect of an extra layer leads to only small changes in the dispersion characteristics. For a continuous monotonic depth change taking place over a width l it is found that as l increases the Double Kelvin wave period increases, and the elevation at the interface decreases relative …

An Unstable Uniform Slab Model Of The Mixed Layer As A Source Of Downward Propagating Near-Inertial Motion Part 2: Unsteady Mean Flow, John Kroll

Journal of Marine Research

The model of the uniform slab model of the mixed layer which was previously analyzed for stability (Kroll, 1982) is modified to include inertial oscillations in the mean flow. The results reflect the nature of the parallel flow instability produced by the steady component of the mean flow combined with the nature of a parametric instability produced by the oscillating component of the mean flow. This model is much more likely to produce unstable perturbations with a near-inertial frequency than the steady mean model which reinforces the contention that the instability can be a source of vertically propagating inertial oscillations. …

Variations In Primary Production And Particulate Carbon Flux Through The Base Of The Euphotic Zone At The Site Of The Sediment Trap Intercomparison Experiment (Panama Basin), James K. B Bishop, John Marra

Journal of Marine Research

C primary production data collected during the deployment and recovery cruises of STIE in 1979 showed a simple relationship with light and nutrient concentrations in the euophotic zone. A simple empirical relationship, calibrated using these data, was derived so that weekly averaged observations of fractional cloudiness, sea-surface temperature and mixed layer depth could be used to estimate primary production on a weekly basis for the years 1976–1979. ¹⁵N-uptake measurements, which estimate new production, were combined with the ¹⁴C data to estimate particulate carbon fluxes from the euphotic zone. Results of calculations showed that production may vary by a …

An Estimate Of Bottom Frictional Dissipation By Gulf Stream Fluctuations, Georges L. Weatherly

Journal of Marine Research

Using published values of the kinetic energy per unit mass of fluctuating motions for the deep western North Atlantic an estimate is made of the energy dissipation rate from fluctuations by bottom friction for the Gulf Stream System. It appears that bottom friction may account for all the energy input by the wind, and that this dissipation occurs in only about 20% of the areal extent of this gyre.

In Situ Effects Of Selected Preservatives On Total Carbon, Nitrogen And Metals Collected In Sediment Traps, George A. Knauer, David M. Karl, John H. Martin, Craig N. Hunter

Journal of Marine Research

The concentration and chemical composition of preservative or poison to use in sediment trap studies continue to present an important unresolved question. Past laboratory/field experiments designed to answer this question are difficult to interpret, because so-called analogs have been used instead of actual trap materials, which are compositionally complex. This paper presents our results on the in situ effects of formalin, azide and mercuric ion on material collected in MULTITRAPS set at 100 and 300 m for a period of six days in a coastal environment, and at 150 m for a period of 20.6 days in an oligotrophic environment. …

Geostrophic Transport In The Warm Water Sphere Of The Eastern Subtropical North Atlantic, Lothar Stramma

Journal of Marine Research

Geostrophic transports in the eastern subtropical North Atlantic computed from historic hydrographic data and recent CTD measurements show a mean transport in the subtropical gyre of 11 ± 1.5 × 10⁶ m³ s^–1 in the upper 1000 m between 35W and the African coast. The dynamic method was used in conjunction with a conservation of mass scheme (Fiadeiro and Veronis, 1982) to determine the level of no motion. This level lies in the 1200 m depth near the Azores and drops to 1500 m in the tropics. The main inflow enters south of the Azores as a …

Episodic Nutrient Supply To A Kelp Forest Ecosystem In Southern California, Richard C. Zimmerman, James N. Kremer

Journal of Marine Research

Temporal patterns of nutrient input into a Southern California kelp forest were measured using traditional hydrocast sampling coupled with high frequency temperature profiling. Patterns of nutrient input were related to growth rates of Macrocystis pyrifera located in an adjacent kelp forest. There were 2 distinct components to the pattern of nutrient availability. The long term, or seasonal, component was consistent with large-scale storm-induced mixing and horizontal advection during winter months. In addition, vertical motions of the thermocline, bringing nutrients into the kelp forest, occurred throughout the year with a frequency of about 2 per day and were strongest during the …

Wave Propagation And Growth On A Surface Front In A Two-Layer Geostrophic Current, Peter D. Killworth, Nathan Paldor, Melvin E. Stern

Journal of Marine Research

We study analytically and numerically small amplitude perturbations of a geostrophically balanced semi-infinite layer of light water having a surface front and lying above a heavier layer of finite vertical thickness which is at rest in the mean. In contrast with previous studies where the latter layer was infinitely deep we find that the equilibrium is always unstable regardless of the distribution of potential vorticity, and the maximum growth rates are generally much larger than in the "one-layer" case. The amplifying ageostrophic wave transfers kinetic energy from the basic shear flow as well as potential energy. Good quantitative agreement is …

Effects Of Predators And Food Resources On The Macrobenthos Of Salt Marsh Creeks, Wendy I. Wiltse, Kenneth H. Foreman, John M. Teal, Ivan Valiela

Journal of Marine Research

We tested whether predation, disturbance and food resources controlled the density and taxonomic composition of benthic macrofauna in salt marsh tidal creeks by manipulating predator and food abundance. Cages that excluded fish, crabs, and shrimp were placed in two urea fertilized and two control creeks at Great Sippewissett Marsh, MA, in late May 1979 and were sampled over a 15-week period.Densities of macrofauna peaked in early summer, then decreased markedly in natural sediments and inside partial cages that provided access to predator/disturbers. Inside predator exclusion cages, macrofaunal densities increased and remained high throughout the experiment. Comparisons of densities in natural …

The Role Of Bacterial Exopolymer And Suspended Bacteria In The Nutrition Of The Deposit-Feeding Clam, Macoma Balthica, Ronald W. Harvey, Samuel N. Luoma

Journal of Marine Research

Potential nutritional contributions of bacterial exopolymer and suspended bacteria to the detritus feeding estuarine clam, Macoma balthica, were examined separately in laboratory ¹⁴C labelling experiments. Significant removal and assimilation of suspended bacteria by M. balthica was observed within two days, although the low clearance rates suggested planktonic bacteria may not be among its major food sources. Sediment-bound and dissolved bacterial exopolymer did not appear to be directly metabolized by M. balthica, as evidenced by the 1–2 week lag in ¹⁴C uptake into clam tissue.

Nitrification And Oxygen Consumption In Northwest Atlantic Deep-Sea Sediments, John P. Christensen, Gilbert T. Rowe

Journal of Marine Research

The importance of nitrification in the oxygen consumption by deep-sea sediments was investigated by modelling pore water nitrate profiles from 6 northwest Atlantic cores. Total nitrification and denitrification rates were calculated from the thickness of the nitrification layer, the nitrification rate at the sediment surface (N), the coefficient of exponential decrease of the nitrification rate (B), and the first-order rate constant for denitrification. The four unknowns were determined by best fit of the model to the nitrate profiles. The nitrate profile from the furthest offshore station indicated no denitrification, so that only N and B were …

Spinal Modulation Of The Acoustic Startle Response: : Behavioral, Pharmacological And Biochemical Studies In The Normal, Supersensitive And Desensitized Animal, David Isaac Astrachan

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

No abstract provided.

Copper Complexation During Spring Phytoplankton Blooms In Coastal Waters, Donald M. Anderson, John S. Lively, Ralph F. Vaccaro

Journal of Marine Research

Cupric ion bioassays were conducted throughout the spring phytoplankton bloom season at two stations-one estuarine, dominated by dinoflagellates, the other coastal, dominated by diatoms. Copper-complexing ligands were detected at both locations throughout this period. Ligand concentrations varied between 0.1 and 0.75 μM, with the estuarine concentrations typically 2–4 times higher than coastal values. Ligands from both locations were destroyed by UV-oxidation and had similar conditional stability constants (range 10^8.3 to 10^9.2) that were significantly correlated with pH, suggesting that the complexing materials are organic chelators with weak acid functional groups. All measured or calculated parameters (DOC, …

Observations Of Current Rings In The Antarctic Zone At Drake Passage, R. D. Pillsbury, J. S. Bottero

Journal of Marine Research

Time series of current velocity and temperature from several depths at a site near the center of Drake Passage show features that can plausibly be interpreted as current rings. Between June 1975 and January 1976, five cyclonic rings from the Continental Water Boundary and one anticyclonic ring from the Polar Front passed over the site. The diameters of the rings varied from 30 km to 130 km, and all of them extended vertically to a depth of at least 2500 m. The rings exhibited maximum spin velocities of about 20 cm sec⁻¹ at 1000 m depth and 10 cm …

On A Variable Dimension Algorithm For The Linear Complementarity Problem, Ludo Van Der Heyden

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

In an earlier paper we presented a variable dimension algorithm for solving the linear complementarity problem (LCP). We now extend the class of LCP’s that can be solved by this algorithm to include LCP’s with copositive plus coefficient matrices. The extension, inspired by Lemke [1965], is obtained by introducing an artificial dimension and by applying the variable dimension algorithm to the enlarged LCP.

Angiographic Patterns Of Arteriosclerosis Obliterans In The Legs Of Diabetics And Nondiabetics : Review Of The Literature And The Recent Experience At Yale-New Haven Hospital, Aron Wahrman

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

The literature regarding angiographic patterns of arteriosclerosis obliterans (ASO) in the legs of diabetics and nondiabetics is reviewed. The medical records of 28 adult-onset diabetics and 35 nondiabetics with chronic ASO of the lower extremities who underwent angiography for the first time were analyzed for age, presenting symptoms, smoking history, history of hypertension and therapeutic fate of the affected limbs. The arteriograms were analyzed for basic disease patterns and degree of disease at specific segments of the arterial tree, based on the radiologist's findings. Diabetics have more popliteal and trifurcation disease than nondiabetics, but less than has been found in …

Net Present Value Maximization And Imperfections In The Loan Market: A Note, Cynthia Van Hulle

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

There seems to be some confusion in the literature whether or not imperfections in the lending-borrowing market, and in particular, differences in lending and borrowing rates, would destroy shareholder unanimity. The purpose of this note is to show that imperfections in this market are not really relevant to stockholder agreement concerning the optimality of the net present value rule. To do this, the paper uses a new criterion guaranteeing unanimity and which basically only requires that investors are sufficiently competitive, i.e., spanning or the notion of firm competition recently proposed by L. Makowiski [9] generally turn out to be unnecessary …

Monopoly Provision Of Product Quality With Uninformed Buyers, Russell Cooper, Thomas W. Ross

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

This essay is concerned with a monopolist’s incentives to provide a high quality goods when some of its customers cannot observe quality prior to purchase. We show that if all buyers have the same tastes for quality, the monopolist will not try to take advantage of the poorly informed. When tastes differ, however, some quality randomization may become profitable as a means to loosen binding self-selection constraints. The profitability of randomization is shown to depend upon the relative degrees of risk aversion of the buyers and on the convexity of the firm’s cost of quality function. We view our results …

Fiscal And Monetary Policy In A General Equilibrium Model, Truman F. Bewley

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

No abstract provided.

Fixation Of Complement By Anti-F(Ab')₂ Antibodies Or Ssdna When Added To Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Sera, David Allen Shrier

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

No abstract provided.

Yale Nurse, Yale School Of Nursing

Yale School of Nursing Alumni Newsletters and Magazines

No abstract provided.

Bulletin Of Yale University School Of Nursing 1984-1985, Yale School Of Nursing

Yale School of Nursing Bulletins and Catalogues

Series 80, Number 13

September 1, 1984