Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Digital Commons Network™

Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Yale University

Discipline
Keyword
Publication Year
Publication
Publication Type
File Type

Articles 6211 - 6240 of 8517

Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network

Analysis Of Diel Variability In Chlorophyll Fluorescence, John Marra Jan 1997

Analysis Of Diel Variability In Chlorophyll Fluorescence, John Marra

Journal of Marine Research

Examples of the diel variability in chlorophyll and beam attenuation are presented using data from moored in situ fluorometers and transmissometers, and from profiles of the beam attenuation coefficient and fluorescence. The data are discussed in terms of the three primary processes thought to influence the diel variability in chlorophyll: (1) fluorescence yield per unit chlorophyll a, (2) chlorophyll a changes per cell (or, carbon), and (3) changes in phytoplankton carbon (growth). A simple, provisional, model is presented which incorporates these three biological processes, under the assumption that the corresponding diel variability in particle attenuation represents the change in …

Go to article

Propagation Of Near-Inertial Oscillations Through A Geostrophic Flow, W. R. Young, Mahdi Ben Jelloul Jan 1997

Propagation Of Near-Inertial Oscillations Through A Geostrophic Flow, W. R. Young, Mahdi Ben Jelloul

Journal of Marine Research

The method of multiple time scales is used to obtain an approximate description of the linear propagation of near-inertial oscillations (NIOs) through a three-dimensional geostrophic flow. This ‘NIO equation’ uses a complex field, M(x, y, z, t), related to the demodulated horizontal velocity by Mz = exp (if0t)(u + iv), where f0 is the inertial frequency. The three processes of wave dispersion, advection by geostrophic velocity and refraction (geostrophic vorticity slightly shifts the local inertial frequency) are all included in the formulation. The NIO equation has an energy conservation …

Go to article

A One-Dimensional Physical-Biological Model Study Of The Pelagic Nitrogen Cycling During The Spring Bloom In The Northern North Sea (Flex ‘76), Wilfried Kuhn, Günther Radach Jan 1997

A One-Dimensional Physical-Biological Model Study Of The Pelagic Nitrogen Cycling During The Spring Bloom In The Northern North Sea (Flex ‘76), Wilfried Kuhn, Günther Radach

Journal of Marine Research

A one-dimensional model of the pelagic ecosystem was developed and applied to the spring bloom in the northern North Sea making use of the data set obtained during the Fladenground experiment FLEX '76. The physical submodel is the second-order turbulence closure model of level 2 type developed by Mellor and Yamada (1974, 1982). The biological submodel is a depth-resolved version of the nitrogen flux model of the lower trophic levels in the pelagic proposed by Fasham et al. (1990). The parameter set employed by Fasham et al. did not yield satisfying results. However, using a parameter set adapted …

Go to article

Digestive Environments Of Benthic Macroinvertebrate Guts: Enzymes, Surfactants And Dissolved Organic Matter, Lawrence M. Mayer, Linda L. Schick, Robert F. L. Self, Peter A. Jumars, Robert H. Findlay, Zhen Chen, Stephen Sampson Jan 1997

Digestive Environments Of Benthic Macroinvertebrate Guts: Enzymes, Surfactants And Dissolved Organic Matter, Lawrence M. Mayer, Linda L. Schick, Robert F. L. Self, Peter A. Jumars, Robert H. Findlay, Zhen Chen, Stephen Sampson

Journal of Marine Research

Hydrolytic enzyme activity, surfactancy, and dissolved organic matter in the digestive lumens of 19 benthic echinoderm and polychaete species were examined, using consistent and quantifiable methods. Enzyme activities were compared with those of extracellular enzymes from ambient sediments. Enzyme activities ranged over five orders of magnitude, with averages decreasing in the order polychaetes > echinoderms > sediment. Highest activities in animals were usually associated with the fluid phase in midgut sections, with posteriorward decreases indicating little export to the external environment. At some phyletic levels, activity correlated inversely with animal size. Hydrolase patterns reflected food type; for example, high lipase:protease ratios in …

Go to article

Instabilities Of A Steady, Barotropic, Wind-Driven Circulation, S. P. Meacham, P. S. Berloff Jan 1997

Instabilities Of A Steady, Barotropic, Wind-Driven Circulation, S. P. Meacham, P. S. Berloff

Journal of Marine Research

We explore the stability characteristics of a single, barotropic, wind-driven gyre as a function of the strength of the wind forcing and the size and shape of the basin. We find steady solutions for the barotropic flow in a basin driven by a steady wind stress over a range of values of the Reynolds number and the strength of the wind stress. For those solutions that are close to the stability boundary, we examine the form of the most unstable normal mode. We find that for sufficiently weak forcing, the form of the first instability seen is an instability of …

Go to article

A Sediment Trap Experiment In The Vema Channel To Evaluate The Effect Of Horizontal Particle Fluxes On Measured Vertical Fluxes, Wilford D. Gardner, Pierre E. Biscaye, Mary Jo Richardson Jan 1997

A Sediment Trap Experiment In The Vema Channel To Evaluate The Effect Of Horizontal Particle Fluxes On Measured Vertical Fluxes, Wilford D. Gardner, Pierre E. Biscaye, Mary Jo Richardson

Journal of Marine Research

Sediment traps are used to measure fluxes and collect samples for studies in biology, chemistry and geology, yet we have much to learn about factors that influence particle collection rates. Toward this end, we deployed cylindrical sediment traps on five current meter moorings across the Vema Channel to field-test the effect of different horizontal particle fluxes on the collection rate of the traps— instruments intended for the collection of vertically settling particles. The asymmetric flow of Antarctic Bottom Water through the Vema Channel created an excellent natural flume environment in which there were vertical and lateral gradients in the distribution …

Go to article

The Effect Of Brine On The Collection Efficiency Of Cylindrical Sediment Traps, Wilford D. Gardner, Youcheng Zhang Jan 1997

The Effect Of Brine On The Collection Efficiency Of Cylindrical Sediment Traps, Wilford D. Gardner, Youcheng Zhang

Journal of Marine Research

Cylindrical sediment traps are frequently used to measure the downward flux of particles in the upper ocean. Some protocols recommend filling these traps with brine (50 psu in excess of ambient) before deployment to better retain the collected sample. However, this also changes the aspect ratio of the traps—a critical parameter affecting the trapping efficiency. We conducted controlled experiments in a flume that demonstrate filling traps with a 5 psu brine decreases their trapping efficiency to 54% at a velocity of 5 cm sec−1, and to 75% at 15 cm sec−1 relative to the same trap with …

Go to article

On The Parameterization Of Eddy Transfer Part I. Theory, Peter D. Killworth Jan 1997

On The Parameterization Of Eddy Transfer Part I. Theory, Peter D. Killworth

Journal of Marine Research

This is the first of three linked papers which develop an eddy parameterization scheme for mean flows which are wide compared with a deformation radius. The scheme is partly based on the behavior of potential vorticity and thickness fluxes in linear instability, where the former are downgradient (apart from a turning matrix, not present in channel models) and the latter are not precisely downgradient, except on an f-plane. The scheme leads to a diffusivity which varies quite strongly with depth and is smallest at surface and floor. Intrinsic delta-function fluxes also occur at surface and floor, and these are …

Go to article

Irregular Flow Of Persian (Arabian) Gulf Water To The Arabian Sea, Karl Banse Jan 1997

Irregular Flow Of Persian (Arabian) Gulf Water To The Arabian Sea, Karl Banse

Journal of Marine Research

The bottom outflow from the Persian (Arabian) Gulf, which intrudes in the Gulf of Oman as an intermediate salinity maximum and spreads in the northern Arabian Sea, was inferred to be seasonal. Also, based on particular expedition, single values of temperatures, salinities, and oxygen concentrations were assumed as end members for this core layer. From historical data it is shown here that the salinity of the water exiting at depth from the Gulf is first reduced to <40 ppt by mixing with Gulf of Oman water in the shallow Strait of Hormuz with its strong tides. The core layer acquires its characteristics when the mixing product descends the outer shelf at the head of the Gulf of Oman and entrains upper-thermocline water with an intermediate to low oxygen content above the outflow. After leaving the seabed, when mixing with water also below the intrusion begins, the maximal values observed in the core layer for salinity, density (sigma-t), and oxygen saturation ranged between 37.5 and 38.0 ppt, 26.30 and 26.95 g dm−3, and approximately 20 and 60%, …

Go to article

Parameterization Of Mesoscale Eddy Fluxes In Zonal Ocean Flows, Vladimir O. Ivchenko, Kelvin J. Richards, Bablu Sinha, Jörg-Olaf Wolff Jan 1997

Parameterization Of Mesoscale Eddy Fluxes In Zonal Ocean Flows, Vladimir O. Ivchenko, Kelvin J. Richards, Bablu Sinha, Jörg-Olaf Wolff

Journal of Marine Research

Quasi-geostrophic dynamics in an eddy-resolving zonal re-entrant channel in the Southern Hemisphere have been studied for east- and westward wind forcing scenarios. The main difference is seen in the zonally averaged velocity profiles. In the case of eastward forcing, transient eddies strongly intensify the flow in the channel center into a jet, a feature totally absent in the westward forcing cases. The free jet is associated with a five times higher available potential energy compared to the westward flow. We have used these two distinctly different flow regimes to investigate possible parameterizations of the eddy fluxes in both situations. Parameterizations …

Go to article

Circulation Around Islands And Ridges, Joseph Pedlosky, Lawrence J. Pratt, Michael A. Spall, Karl R. Helfrich Jan 1997

Circulation Around Islands And Ridges, Joseph Pedlosky, Lawrence J. Pratt, Michael A. Spall, Karl R. Helfrich

Journal of Marine Research

The circulation in an ocean basin containing an island is studied under nearly geostrophic, beta plane dynamics. The model is a fluid of uniform density driven by wind forcing or sources and sinks of mass at the upper boundary of the flow. The circulation is studied analytically, numerically, as well as in the laboratory through the device of the “sliced cylinder” model for the ocean circulation. Of particular interest is the estimate of the transport between the island and the oceanic basin's boundary. The model is conceived as relevant to both the wind-driven circulation as well as the circulation of …

Go to article

Markets For Communist Human Capital: Returns To Education And Experience In The Czech Republic And Slovakia, Robert S. Chase Jan 1997

Markets For Communist Human Capital: Returns To Education And Experience In The Czech Republic And Slovakia, Robert S. Chase

Discussion Papers

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Effects Of Ambient Air Quality On Children's Lung Function In Urban And Rural Iran, Maryam Mandana Asgari Jan 1997

Effects Of Ambient Air Quality On Children's Lung Function In Urban And Rural Iran, Maryam Mandana Asgari

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

No abstract provided.

Go to article

The American Revolution And The Roots Of Mission In Africa: An Essay On Antislavery And Antistructure, Lamin Sanneh Jan 1997

The American Revolution And The Roots Of Mission In Africa: An Essay On Antislavery And Antistructure, Lamin Sanneh

Yale Divinity Library Occasional Publications

No abstract provided.

Go to article

A Comparison Of Patients With Familial And Sporadic Cutaneous Melanoma, Nina Jennifer Fisher Jan 1997

A Comparison Of Patients With Familial And Sporadic Cutaneous Melanoma, Nina Jennifer Fisher

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Advanced Glycation Endproducts And The Development Of Accelerated Atherosclerosis In Diabetic Apolipoprotein E Deficient Mice, Lisa Park Jan 1997

Advanced Glycation Endproducts And The Development Of Accelerated Atherosclerosis In Diabetic Apolipoprotein E Deficient Mice, Lisa Park

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

No abstract provided.

Go to article

On The Differences Between Bubble-Mediated Air-Water Transfer In Freshwater And Seawater, W. E. Asher, L. M. Karle, B. J. Higgins Jan 1997

On The Differences Between Bubble-Mediated Air-Water Transfer In Freshwater And Seawater, W. E. Asher, L. M. Karle, B. J. Higgins

Journal of Marine Research

Bubble populations and gas transfer velocities were measured in cleaned and surfactant-influenced freshwater and seawater. A nonlinear fitting technique was used to partition the total gas transfer velocity for a gas in each water type into a turbulence- and bubble-mediated fraction. This showed that the bubble-mediated transfer fraction was larger in cleaned freshwater than in cleaned seawater and that the difference was a function of diffusivity and solubility. This was explained by the fact that the bubble measurements showed that bubble plumes in cleaned freshwater had a higher concentration of large bubbles and a lower concentration of small bubbles than …

Go to article

Expanding The Scope Of Individual Risk Management: Moral Hazard And Other Behavioral Considerations, Robert J. Shiller Jan 1997

Expanding The Scope Of Individual Risk Management: Moral Hazard And Other Behavioral Considerations, Robert J. Shiller

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

There is a large potential for improving individual risk management through new risk management contracts and associated new index-settled derivatives. However, there are some difficult problems in designing contracts so that they will be used effectively. Individuals have idiosyncratic individual risks that can be hedged only at some real resource cost due to moral hazard. Individuals seem to exhibit behavior indicative of lack of appreciation of the principles of risk management. These problems are discussed, and some potential new risk management contracts that would make improvements in the management of major income risks are proposed

Go to article

Consistent Moment Selection Procedures For Generalized Method Of Moments Estimation, Donald W.K. Andrews Jan 1997

Consistent Moment Selection Procedures For Generalized Method Of Moments Estimation, Donald W.K. Andrews

Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers

This paper considers a generalized method of moments (GMM) estimation problem in which one has a vector of moment conditions, some of which are correct and some incorrect. The paper introduces several procedures for consistently selecting the correct moment conditions. The procedures also can consistently determine whether there is a sufficient number of correct moment conditions to identify the unknown parameters of interest. The paper specifies moment selection criteria that are GMM analogues of the widely used BIC and AIC model selection criteria. (The latter is not consistent.) The paper also considers downward and upward testing procedures. All of the …

Go to article

Statistical Parametric Mapping Analysis Of Positron Emission Tomography Images For The Detection Of Seizure Foci: Results In Temporal Lobe Epilepsy, Jeffrey R. Tseng Jan 1997

Statistical Parametric Mapping Analysis Of Positron Emission Tomography Images For The Detection Of Seizure Foci: Results In Temporal Lobe Epilepsy, Jeffrey R. Tseng

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Annual Report 1997, Czech National Bank Jan 1997

Annual Report 1997, Czech National Bank

Documents

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Bank Negara Malaysia Annual Report 1997, Bank Negara Malaysia/Central Bank Of Malaysia Jan 1997

Bank Negara Malaysia Annual Report 1997, Bank Negara Malaysia/Central Bank Of Malaysia

Documents

No abstract provided.

Go to article

History Of The Eighties: Lessons For The Future. Vol. 1, An Examination Of The Banking Crises Of The 1980s And Early 1990s, United States: Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (Fdic) Jan 1997

History Of The Eighties: Lessons For The Future. Vol. 1, An Examination Of The Banking Crises Of The 1980s And Early 1990s, United States: Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (Fdic)

Documents

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Bank Restructuring In Hungary, Abel Istvan, Laszlo Szakadat Jan 1997

Bank Restructuring In Hungary, Abel Istvan, Laszlo Szakadat

Documents

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Iadi Definition Of Forbearance, International Association Of Deposit Insurers Jan 1997

Iadi Definition Of Forbearance, International Association Of Deposit Insurers

Documents

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Kdic What We Do: Resolution Of Financial Institutions, Korea Deposit Insurance Corporation (Kdic) Jan 1997

Kdic What We Do: Resolution Of Financial Institutions, Korea Deposit Insurance Corporation (Kdic)

Documents

No abstract provided.

Go to article

The Hidden Costs Of Mexican Banking Reform, William P. Osterberg Jan 1997

The Hidden Costs Of Mexican Banking Reform, William P. Osterberg

Documents

No abstract provided.

Go to article

American Missionary Eyewitnesses To The Nanking Massacre, 1937-1938, Martha L. Smalley Jan 1997

American Missionary Eyewitnesses To The Nanking Massacre, 1937-1938, Martha L. Smalley

Yale Divinity Library Occasional Publications

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Effect Of Phenobarbital On Extracellular Matrix Production, Cell Replication, Transforming Growth Factor-��1 Binding, And Tgf-�� Receptor Profile In Rat Dermal Fibroblast Cultures, Rani Karina Spudich Jan 1997

Effect Of Phenobarbital On Extracellular Matrix Production, Cell Replication, Transforming Growth Factor-��1 Binding, And Tgf-�� Receptor Profile In Rat Dermal Fibroblast Cultures, Rani Karina Spudich

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

No abstract provided.

Go to article

The Epidemiology Of Necator Americanus Infection In Rural Thailand, Karen Minnie Kiang Jan 1997

The Epidemiology Of Necator Americanus Infection In Rural Thailand, Karen Minnie Kiang

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

No abstract provided.

Go to article

First Prev Next Last