Digital Commons Network^™

Distributed Rule-Based Ontology Reasoning, Raghava Mutharaju

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The vision of the Semantic Web is to provide structure and meaning to the data on the Web. Knowledge representation and reasoning play a crucial role in accomplishing this vision. OWL (Web Ontology Language), a W3C standard, is used for representing knowledge. Reasoning over the ontologies is used to derive logical consequences. A fixed set of rules are run on an ontology iteratively until no new logical consequences can be derived. All existing reasoners run on a single machine, possibly using multiple cores. Ontologies (sometimes loosely referred to as knowledge bases) that are automatically constructed can be very large. Single …

Customizable 3-D Virtual Gi Tract Systems For Locating, Mapping, And Navigation Inside Human Gastrointestinal Tract, Megha Dattatrey Dalvi

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One of the critical challenges of wireless capsule endoscopy examination is to find the exact position of the capsule in the Gastrointestinal Tract (GI) tract so as to correctly and accurately spot the position of the intestinal diseases. Creating a 3D virtual GI tract system could significantly improve the capsule endoscopy operations. The virtual human model, such as the BioDigital Human, has been credited as Google Earth for the human body, which provides us medically accurate virtual body and organ structures. However, it only assembles a “Standard” human body. The problem is: there is only one earth, but billions of …

Thermal Properties Of Poly(Arylene Ether)S Prepared From N,N-Dialkyl-2,4-Difluorobenzenesulfonamides, James Kanyoko Waweru

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A series of poly(arylene ether)s were synthesized by nucleophilic aromatic substitution reaction (NAS) polycondensation of N,N-dialkyl-2,4-difluorobenzenesulfonamides. The aim of the project was to determine the thermal properties of poly(arylene ether)s by varying pendent sulfonamide activating group. The sulfonamide-activated monomers were synthesized by reacting 2,4-difluorobenzenesulfonyl chloride with a series of n-alkyl, iso-alkyl and cycloalkyl amines, ranging from n-propyl to n-octyl. Their poly(arylene ether)s were prepared with bisphenol-A as the nucleophilic reaction partner. The 4’-bromo-2,4-difluorodiphenylsulfone monomer, was utilized to synthesized copolymer with 4,4’-difluorodiphenylsulfone and bisphenol-A. The polymers were characterized by 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy, TGA, DSC and SEC. Sulfonamide based polymers, …

Augment Hololens’ Body Recognition And Tracking Capabilities Using Kinect, Krishna Chaithanya Mathi

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In this thesis, we are primarily interested in exploring the HoloLens technologies for medical practices. Particularly, we will address the limitation of HoloLens’ capability in human body sensing, recognition and tracking. We will then introduce and demonstrate the use of Kinect to augment HoloLens’ sensory and processing capabilities in order to produce time and space-synchronized immersive environment with both virtual body and real body of the same patient for supporting distributed medical collaborations. Specifically, we are looking at a distributed solution in which we are collecting the patient body data from Kinect, followed by body recognition and position/motion tracking processing …

Novel Cost And Space Efficient Range Of Motion And Gait Analysis Systems, Rutvik Bharatkumar Patel

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In this thesis, we have explored the use of the latest motion tracking technologies, as evident by Microsoft Xbox Kinect’s motion tracking capabilities, in combination with 3D digital human modeling and animation, multi-modality image capturing and processing, and fusion, to design a new generation of low-cost range of motion and gait analysis solutions that overcome the limitation of existing tools. The proposed solutions and our prototype systems have demonstrated accurate measurements and reliable analysis outcome compared to current clinic practices, with significantly reduced complexity and cost. Furthermore, it eliminates the need for expensive effort for pre- and post- processing of …

The Expression Of Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor In Raw 264.7 Macrophages In The Presence Of Socs1 Peptide And Socs3 Peptide Mimetic And Cells Infected With Hsv-1, Maher Salem Alwethaynani

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Macrophages play a crucial role for our immune system and protect our body from infection. Suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS) proteins negatively regulate cytokine receptor and TLRs. The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) also performs an important role in immunity. This study investigated the changes in expression of AhR in RAW 264.7 macrophage cells after the addition of SOCS1 and SOCS3 peptide mimetics and also examined AhR expression in RAW 264.7 macrophage cells before and after the addition of HSV-1 RAW 264.7 murine macrophage cell lines which are from male BALB/c mice were used in this study. The addition of the …

A Computational Model Of The Temporal Processing Characteristics Of Visual Priming In Search, Jordan M. Haggit

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When people look through the environment their eyes are guided in part by what they have recently seen. This phenomenon, referred to as visual priming, is studied in the laboratory through manipulations of stimulus repetition. Typically, in search tasks, response times are speeded when the same target is repeated relative to when it is changed (e.g., Maljkovic & Nakayama, 1994). Although priming is thought to be based on a memory mechanism in the visual system, there is a debate in the literature as to whether such a mechanism is driven by relatively early (e.g., feature-based accounts) or later (e.g., episodic …

Development Of Analytical Equations For Optimum Tilt Of Two-Axis And Single-Axis Rotating Solar Panels For Clear-Atmosphere Condition, Gaurav Subhash Gugale

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Solar Energy is a renewable energy source which is used widely in recent times. Photovoltaic panels collect the sun’s energy and convert it to electricity. Photovoltaic panels are being widely used in both domestic applications, commercial applications, and small-scale power generation applications. Photovoltaic panels are easy to install, they generate most of their power when electrical demands peak, prices of photovoltaic panels are dropping rapidly, photovoltaic panels require low maintenance, their operating costs are minimal, and they are highly suitable for remote applications. The amount of electricity produced by photovoltaic panels depends on the amount of sunlight the panel captures. …

Synthesis, Characterization, And Polymerization Of Sulfonamide Based Bifunctional Monomers, Brady Hall

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A series of bifunctional monomers based on N,N-diallylbenzenesulfonamides with varying groups on the benzene moiety were investigated. The main goal of this project was to polymerize these monomers using radical and acyclic diene metathesis (ADMET) polymerization methods to polymerize through the allyl groups, and nucleophilic aromatic substitution (SNAr) to polymerize through the fluorine groups on the phenyl ring. Using phenyl substituted benzenesulfonyl chloride derivatives as a starting material, a series of N,N-diallylbenzenesulfonamide derivatives were prepared. The ADMET and radical cyclopolymerizations were monitored by 1H NMR spectroscopy, observing the disappearance of signals for the allyl groups in both, and the appearance …

A Study Of Social Web Data On Buprenorphine Abuse Using Semantic Web Technology, Raminta Daniulaityte, Amit P. Sheth

Kno.e.sis Publications

The Specific Aims of this application are to use a paradigmatic approach that combines Semantic Web technology, Natural Language Processing and Machine Learning techniques to:

1) Describe drug users’ knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors related to the non-medical use of Suboxone and Subutex as discussed on Web-based forums.
2) Identify and describe temporal patterns of non-medical use of Suboxone and Subutex as discussed on Web-based forums.

The research was carried out by an interdisciplinary team of members of the Center for Interventions, Treatment and Addictions Research (CITAR) and the Ohio Center of Excellence in Knowledge- enabled Computing (Kno.e.sis) at Wright State …

Building The Web Of Knowledge With Smart Iot Applications, Amelie Gyrard, Pankesh Patel, Amit P. Sheth, Martin Serrano

Kno.e.sis Publications

The Internet of Things (IoT) is experiencing fast adoption because of its positive impact to change all aspects of our lives, from agriculture in rural areas, to health and wellness, to smart home and smart-x applications in cities. The development of IoT applications and deployment of smart IoT-based solutions is just starting; smart IoT applications will modify our physical world and our interaction with cyber spaces, from how we remotely control appliances at home to how we care for patients or elderly persons. The massive deployment of IoT devices represents a tremendous economic impact and at the same time offers …

Co-Evolution Of Rdf Datasets, Sidra Faisal, Kemele M. Endris, Saeedeh Shekarpour, Sören Auer, Maria-Esther Vidal

Kno.e.sis Publications

Linking Data initiatives have fostered the publication of large number of RDF datasets in the Linked Open Data (LOD) cloud, as well as the development of query processing infrastructures to access these data in a federated fashion. However, different experimental studies have shown that availability of LOD datasets cannot be always ensured, being RDF data replication required for envisioning reliable federated query frameworks. Albeit enhancing data availability, RDF data replication requires synchronization and conflict resolution when replicas and source datasets are allowed to change data over time, i.e., co-evolution management needs to be provided to ensure consistency. In this paper, …

An Autoencoder-Based Image Descriptor For Image Matching And Retrieval, Chenyang Zhao

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Local image features are used in many computer vision applications. Many point detectors and descriptors have been proposed in recent years; however, creation of effective descriptors is still a topic of research. The Scale Invariant Feature Transform (SIFT) developed by David Lowe is widely used in image matching and image retrieval. SIFT detects interest points in an image based on Scale-Space analysis, which is invariant to change in image scale. A SIFT descriptor contains gradient information about an image patch centered at a point of interest. SIFT is found to provide a high matching rate, is robust to image transformations; …

Use Of Eeg To Understand Brain Intensity In Engineering Students Using A Stem Educational Mobile Application, Kevin Hatcher

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In the first two years of undergraduate work in engineering, students are taught concepts such as physics, electronics, and most importantly calculus. It is especially important for students to get a better grasp on foundational math concepts, such as calculus in the beginning or they will be overwhelmed by the workload to come. The focus of this research was to understand how students learning calculus, could benefit from an augmented-educational mobile application. In the study students were measured with electroencephalography (EEG) measurements utilized by the Emotive EPOC® as they attempted to solve different limit themed problems in order to determine …

Locally Optimized Covariance Kriging For Non-Stationary System Responses, Daniel Lee Clark Jr.

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In this thesis, the Locally-Optimized Covariance (LOC) Kriging method is developed. This method represents a flexible surrogate modeling approach for approximating a non-stationary Kriging covariance structures for deterministic responses. The non-stationary covariance structure is approximated by aggregating multiple stationary localities. The aforementioned localities are determined to be statistically significant utilizing the Non-Stationary Identification Test. This methodology is applied to various demonstration problems including simple one and two-dimensional analytical cases, a deterministic fatigue and creep life model, and a five-dimensional fluid-structural interaction problem. The practical significance of LOC-Kriging is discussed in detail and is directly compared to stationary Kriging considering computational …

The Expression Of Major Histocompatibility Class I And Major Histocompatibility Class Ii On Macrophages In The Presence Of Aryl Hydrocarbon Antagonist (Ch-223191), Caitlin Wilson

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Macrophages are crucial for ridding the body of debris and foreign cells. The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) also plays a critical role in immunity. This study examined the effect of the AhR on the expression of major histocompatiability complex class I (MHCI) and MHC class II (MHCII) in two murine macrophage cell lines. This study used Raw264.7 and J774A.1 murine macrophage cell lines. The Raw264.7 cells are from male BALB/c mice while the J774A.1 cells are from female BALB/cN mice. The addition of the AhR anatagonist CH-223191 (AhRa) showed that the AhR does not significantly impact MHCI expression. However, MHCII …

Extension Of Multivariate Analyses To The Field Of Microbial Ecology, Vijay Shankar

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Ground-breaking advancements in molecular and analytical techniques in the past decade have enabled researchers to accumulate data at an extraordinary rate. Especially in the field of microbial ecology, the introduction of technologies such as high-throughput sequencing, quantitative microarrays, nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectrometry has led to the interrogation of diverse and previously unexplored microbial communities at unparalleled depth. Analysis and interpretation of patterns within datasets acquired with such high-throughput methods require powerful statistical approaches. A class of such techniques called multivariate statistical analyses is an excellent choice for analysis of complex microbiota-related datasets. This field of statistics is constantly …

Synthesis And Characterization Of Functionalized Poly(Arylene Ether Sulfone)S Using Click Chemistry, Kavitha Neithikunta

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Poly(arylene ether sulfone)s with pendent aryl iodide group was successfully synthesized via Nucleophilic aromatic polycondensation of 1-(3,5-difluorophenyl sulfonyl)-4-iodobenzene using 4,4’-difluorodiphenylsulfone (DFDPS) and Bisphenol A in the ratio 25:75:100. Iodo monomer was prepared by reacting 3,5-difluorodiphenyl sulfone with N-iodo succinimide (NIS). Using GC/MS and NMR spectroscopy, the quantitative analysis was done to this monomer. Modification was done to iodo copolymer using sodium azide and copper sulfate as catalyst to form azide copolymer. Further modification of the azide copolymer to triazole copolymers via Click Chemistry using different alkynes such as 1-octyne, phenyl acetylene, propargyl alcohol and acetylenedicarboxylic acid. Polymers characterization was done …

Thermoelectric Transport And Energy Conversion Using Novel 2d Materials, Luke J. Wirth

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Nanomaterials hold great promise for applications in thermal management and thermoelectric power generation. Defects in these are important as they are generally inevitably introduced during fabrication or intentionally engineered to control the properties of the nanomaterials. Here, we investigate how phonon-contributed thermal conductance in narrow graphene, boron nitride (BN), and silicene nanoribbons (NRs), responds to the presence of a vacancy defect and the corresponding geometric distortion, from first principles using the non-equilibrium Green's function method. Analyses are made of the geometries, phonon conductance coefficients, and local densities of states (LDOS) of pristine and defected nanoribbons. It is found that hydrogen …

Intelligent Caching To Mitigate The Impact Of Web Robots On Web Servers, Howard Nathan Rude

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With an ever increasing amount of data that is shared and posted on the Web, the desire and necessity to automatically glean this information has led to an increase in the sophistication and volume of software agents called web robots or crawlers. Recent measurements, including our own across the entire logs of Wright State University Web servers over the past two years, suggest that at least 60\% of all requests originate from robots rather than humans. Web robots display different statistical and behavioral patterns in their traffic compared to humans, yet present Web server optimizations presume that traffic exhibits predominantly …

Are American Universities Mismanaged?: Tenure Vs Non-Tenure Faculty Employment Decisions, G. Thomas Sav

Economics Faculty Publications

This paper empirically tests the extent to which public universities in the United States are potentially mismanaged. The focus rests with university managerial employment decisions regarding the continuing substitution of less costly non-tenure track teaching faculty for tenured and tenure track faculty and the extent to which those decisions affect student graduation success. Panel data covering ten academic years, 2004-05 through 2013-14 are employed using ordinary least squares and stochastic frontier analysis specifications. The latter provides tests of the inefficiency effects of managerial employment decisions and academic year estimates of technical efficiency. In both cases, the results provide statistically strong …

Cell Viability, Cytoskeleton Organization And Cytokines Secretion Of Raw 264.7 Macrophages Exposed To Gram-Negative Bacterial Components, Ali Awadh Alshehri

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Macrophages play an important role in innate immunity by controlling cellular responses. In this study, the effects of gram-negative bacterial components (Flagellin, lipoprotein, lipopolysaccharides (LPS), outer membrane proteins-A (OMP-A) and peptidoglycan) were determined on cell viability, morphology, cytoskeletal filament and cytokines secretion of murine RAW 264.7 macrophages at 24 hours. The effect of LPS, flagellin and peptidoglycan from gram negative bacteria on viability murine RAW 264.7 macrophages were evaluated using different concentrations (1, 5 and 10 µg/ml). Cells stimulated with LPS displayed ~ 2-fold decrease (P=0.001) in cell viability compared to control cells at 24 hours whereas cells stimulated with …

De-Anonymization Attack Anatomy And Analysis Of Ohio Nursing Workforce Data Anonymization, Jacob M. Miracle

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Data generalization (anonymization) is a widely misunderstood technique for preserving individual privacy in non-interactive data publishing. Easily avoidable anonymization failures are still occurring 14 years after the discovery of basic techniques to protect against them. Identities of individuals in anonymized datasets are at risk of being disclosed by cyber attackers who exploit these failures. To demonstrate the importance of proper data anonymization we present three perspectives on data anonymization. First, we examine several de-anonymization attacks to formalize the anatomy used to conduct attacks on anonymous data. Second, we examine the vulnerabilities of an anonymous nursing workforce survey to convey how …

Transient Analysis Of A Solid Oxide Fuel Cell/ Gas Turbine Hybrid System For Distributed Electric Propulsion, Venkata Adithya Chakravarthula

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Gas turbine technology for aerospace applications are approaching limits in efficiency gains as increases in efficiency today occurs in very small increments. One limitation in conventional gas turbine technology is the combustion process, which destroys most of the exergy in the cycle. To address this limitation in a traditional Brayton power cycle, a hybrid system which is integrated with Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) and gas turbine is developed. Hybrid systems involving fuel cells have better efficiencies than conventional power generation systems. Power generation systems with improved performance from low fuel utilizations and low maintenance costs are possible. The combination …

Characterization Of Peripheral Lung Lesions By Statistical Image Processing Of Endobronchial Ultrasound Images, Aaron T. Madaris

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This thesis introduces the concept of implementing greyscale analysis, also known as intensity analysis, on endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS) images for the purposes of diagnosing peripheral lung tumors. The statistical methodology of using greyscale and histogram analysis allows the characterization of lung tissue in EBUS images. Regions of interest (ROI) will be analyzed in MATLAB and a feature vector will be created. A feature vector of first-order, second-order and histogram greyscale analysis will be created and used for the classification of malignant vs benign peripheral lung tumors. The tools that were implemented were MedCalc for the initial statistical analysis of receiver …

Identifying Offensive Videos On Youtube, Rajeshwari Kandakatla

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Harassment on social media has become a critical problem and social media content depicting harassment is becoming common place. Video-sharing websites such as YouTube contain content that may be offensive to certain community, insulting to certain religion, race etc., or make fun of disabilities. These videos can also provoke and promote altercations leading to online harassment of individuals and groups. In this thesis, we present a system that identifies offensive videos on YouTube. Our goal is to determine features that can be used to detect offensive videos efficiently and reliably. We conducted experiments using content and metadata available for each …

Computer Graphics And Visualization Based Analysis And Record System For Hand Surgery And Therapy Practice, Venkatamanikanta Subrahmanyakartheek Gokavarapu

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In this thesis, we have designed and developed a computer graphics and visualization based analysis and record system for hand surgery and therapy practice. In particular, we have designed and developed three novel technologies: (i) model-based data compression for hand motion records (ii) model-based surface area estimation of a human hand and (iii) an emulated study of hand wound area estimation. First, we have presented a new data compression technique to better address the needs of electronic health record systems, such as file storage and privacy. In our proposed approach, we will extract the patient's hand motion information and store …

Translocation And Phosphorylation Of Ampa Receptors Following Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation In Vivo, Justin Andrew Stafford

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Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is the current technique used clinically to attenuate the effects of various neurological related deficits and augment functions such as memory and learning. The cellular and molecular mechanisms behind tDCS remain largely unknown and this study provides some of the first insights into the mechanisms behind tDCS. Direct current stimulation has been used to increase levels of long term potentiation (LTP) ex vivo suggesting that this stimulation has an effect on the LTP mechanisms of action. Subcellular protein extraction and fractionation methods were used to isolate synaptoneurosomes from various brain regions to assess the effects …

Symmetric Colorings Of The Hypercube And Hyperoctahedron, Bo Phillips

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A self-complementary graph G is a subgraph of the complete graph K_n that is isomorphic to its complement. A self-complementary graph can be thought of as an edge 2-coloring of K_n that admits a color-switching automorphism. An automorphism of K_n that is color-switching for some edge 2-coloring is called a complementing automorphism. Complementing automorphisms for K_n have been characterized in the past by such authors as Sachs and Ringel. We are interested in extending this notion of self-complementary to other highly symmetric families of graphs; namely, the hypercube Q_n and its dual graph, the hyperoctahedron O_n. To that end, …

Hybrid Particle Image Velocimetry With The Combination Of Cross-Correlation And Optical Flow Method, Mark Bradley Johnson

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Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) has been of relevant discussions lately as the equipment used to obtain temporally and spatially resolved flow fields have advanced rapidly. Despite these advancements, the accuracy of evaluating these images have yet to exceed expectations. Current techniques typically utilize one method, either correlation based (frequently) or optical flow (non-frequently), and both are vulnerable to specific conditions incorporated in the PIV images. Only through the combination of two methods, cross correlation and optical flow, can a technique benefit from the strengths of each method while concealing the flaws each individual method contains. The Hybrid Particle Image Velocimetry …