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18th International Congress On Medieval Studies, Medieval Institute, Western Michigan University

International Congress on Medieval Studies Archive

The printed program of the 18th International Congress on Medieval Studies (May 5-8, 1983).

Journal Of Sociology & Social Welfare Vol. 10, No. 2 (June 1983)

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

TABLE OF CONTENTS

• State and Regional Politics: Introduction - TIMOTHY W. LAUSE
• Welfare Spending in the American States: A Comparative Perspective - W. JOS HEFFERNAN
• Disinnovation in the American States: Policy Toward Health System Agencies - KEITH MUELLER, JOHN COHER
• Policy Traditions in American State Politics - ROBERT L. SAVAGE
• The Intersection of Political Culture and Fiscal Federalism: State Block Grants in Alabama, DAVID SINK, NICHEL. WILSON
• Political Symbolism in Juvenile Justice: Reforming Florida's Juvenile Detention Criteria
• C. AARON McNEECE, MICHELE WILSON
• Legislative Evaluation of Social Welfare Programs: The Processes and Consequences - PATRICIA K. FREEMAN, WILLIAM LYONS
• Staff Activities …

Disinnovation In The American States: Policy Toward Health Systems Agencies, Keith Mueller, John Comer

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Requiring the states to involve consumers in health planning through local health planning boards (HSAs) was an attempt by the federal government to control health care costs. Elimination of this requirement more recently has meant some states have discontinued the program. The elimination of HSAs can be considered a case of policy disinnovation. Drawing on the innovation literature, the following variables were expected to correlate, although negatively, with elimination of HSAs: value added to manufacturing, average acre value of farms, per capita income, population living in metropolitan areas, and party competition. All were found to correlate negatively. Predisposition to spend …

Policy Traditions In American State Politics, Robert L. Savage

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

An examination of the states across a wide range of policy innovations during three historical periods reveals policy traditions having distinctive geographic limits roughly conforming to major regions commonly recognized in American politics. Only two of these traditions, the "Southern Parochial" and the "Northeastern Bureaucratic," persist across time and even these have been weakened. This provides some evidence that while multilinear evolution along regional lines will continue to contribute to differences in policy values among the American states in the foreseeable future, sociocultural integration is the stronger dynamic in American political development, especially since about 1930.

The Intersection Of Political Culture And Fiscal Federalism: State Block Grants In Alabama, David Sink, Michele Wilson

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Political culture and intergovernmental relations together shape specific policy actions of a state government within the constraints of its economic condition. Although financial resources provided a state government strongly influence the level of its policy outputs, the political and administrative dynamics appear to affect the exact nature of that policy. A case study of state block grant implementation in the state of Alabama provides an opportunity to observe these variables in action. In particular, the prominent role played by the executive branch appears to have influenced strongly the decisions made concerning social services, health policy, and community development.

Political Symbolism In Juvenile Justice: Reforming Florida's Juvenile Detention Criteria, C. Aaron Mcneece, Mark Ezell

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

A recent reform in Florida's juvenile detention criteria was over-turned during the subsequent legislative session. This paper describes both the initial reform and its reversal and suggests that symbolic political rewards may often be more important than the actual consequences of a policy. Recommendations are made for accomplishing policy reform in a traditional political culture.

Legislative Evaluation Of Social Welfare Programs: The Process And Consequences, Patricia K. Freeman, William Lyons

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Program review has increased substantially in recent years. There has been concern that the upsurge in policy evaluation would be detrimental to social welfare programs, where data is often unavailable, little agreement exists concerning specific goals and documenting success is often virtually impossible. In this analysis we compared the program evaluation of social welfare programs with non-social welfare programs. The review process differed substantially as did the recommendation made as a result of the review. Social welfare programs faced more criticisms than non-social welfare programs. However, the criticisms were less serious. Changes prior to the publication of the evaluation report …

An Advocacy Approach For More Effective Program Delivery And Coordination: A Case Study Of Maine's Housing Rehab Techs, Kenneth K. Ahn, James F. Horan, G. Thomas Taylor

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

A detailed case analysis of the Maine Housing Rehabilitation Project provides an exploratory observation of the innovative use of human resources at the federal, state and regional levels through an evolutionary development process of housing rehabilitation technicians. Functioning largely as advocate planners and human service delivery administrators through self-expanded roles, these individuals were able to promote change in the context of this intergovernmental environment. The analysis presented here reveals findings of intrastate regional differences between the urban and rural areas. Low income citizens appear to be the main beneficiaries of a proactive style of leadership that was performed by the …

Alternative Service Delivery Strategies: Factors In States' Decision Making, Harold W. Demone Jr., Margaret Gibelman

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

This article focuses on the range of choices and factors affecting state level decision making about how human services are to be delivered. In light of the dual thrusts of decentralization and privatization, the viability of public-private partnerships through contracting for services is explored. Among the significant factors affecting decisions about alternative forms of service delivery are: political and fiscal preferences; the strength of organized labor; the role and availability of the private service sector and history with purchase of service. The advantages and disadvantages attributed to a contracting model for delivering services are unlikely to be argued from an …

Wmu Board Of Trustees Regular Meeting April 22, 1983, Wmu Board Of Trustees

WMU Board of Trustees Meetings

• Acceptance of the Agenda
• Minutes
• Correspondence
• President's Remarks
• Committee Appointments
• Academic Personnel Report
• Recommendation re Faculty Layoffs
• Non-Academic Personnel Report
• Gift and Grant Report
• Recommendation re Student Housing Rates for Fall 1983
• Recommendation re Replacement of Turf in Waldo Stadium
• Board Committee Reports
• Public Comments
• Adjournment

Western News, April 14, 1983, Western Michigan University

Western News (1972-2018)

Story highlights: Two to receive Distinguished Service Awards April, Goal surpassed in WMU United Way campaign, More than 1,800 to be awarded degrees April 23, Areopagitica 'Blues!' Bernhard issues call to freedom in address at third annual Presidential Scholars Convocation

Western News, April 7, 1983, Western Michigan University

Western News (1972-2018)

Story highlights: Bernhard expresses hope that 'civility and respect' would characterize discussion, Tree-planting to be part of 'Jim Miller Day' today, Faculty development is final Forum topic, Share of Blanchard's cut is $1.8 million, Noted petrologist to speak here next week, Balance needed to produce liberally educated professionals; Ehrle says

The Westerner Vol. 3 No. 5, Western Michigan University

The Westerner (1980-1997)

• Four honored as record number graduate in April • Dance master, scientist given honorary degrees • 'Partners in Progress' $l million over goal • Homecoming theme selected • SAE wins award • Governor recommends budget hike • Matthews appointed dean, engineering and applied sciences • Academic name changes approved • Intellectual Skills shares with schools • Alumnus wins 'Ghandi' Oscar • Computers are vital tools in chemistry class and beyond • 'Jim Miller Day' a big success • New room and board rates approved • More than 900 ‘Meet WMU' • Eighty years of teaching, research, and public service: …

The Effect Of Increasing Calcium Ion Concentration On Alkyl Ketene Dimer Sizing Efficiency, Lance M. Merrell

Paper Engineering Senior Theses

This thesis is a study of the relationship between calcium ions and the effectiveness of an alkaline sizing agent. Relationships between the increasing calcium ion concentration of a pure system and the sheet sizing based on the Hercule Size Tester are developed. It was determined that low addition levels of calcium ions increased the level of sizing developed and excessive calcium contents caused sizing response to deteriorate. Proposed mechanisms for this determination involve the compression or the fiber's electrical double layer at low concentrations of calcium, and an adsorption competition between the size and calcium where high concentrations of calcium …

Figurative Language: How Is It Used In Basal Readings?, Maria Valeri, Edwin H. Smith

Reading Horizons: A Journal of Literacy and Language Arts

How much attention do editors of basal readers give to figurative language? What is the most common figure of speech found in basal readers? What is the least common figure of speech bound in basal readers? These were the questions the authors sought to answer through their research.

Comprehension And Rate: Oral Vs. Silent Reading For Low Achievers, Paul D. Burge

Reading Horizons: A Journal of Literacy and Language Arts

This investigator sought to examine the influence of oral and silent reading behavior on the reading rate and comprehension levels of the learner. Two questions were posed for investigation: 1. Do low achieving fourth graders read significantly more rapidly silently or orally? 2. Do low achieving fourth graders comprehend materials significantly better after having read orally or after having read silently?

The Effects Of Electron Beam Radiation On Cellulose, Thomas L. Clements

Paper Engineering Senior Theses

This experiment was designed to show the effects of time and storage conditions on electron beam irradiated paper. The thirty four pound James River Waterleaf samples were irradiated at levels of 0/2/5/ and 10 Megarads. The samples were kept in a conditioned room, an evacuated, desiccated jar, and Nitrogen purged jar. The samples were tested for viscosity, as well as wet and dry zero span tensile over a period of time. Burst and tensile were also run at one point in time.

Time following irradiation and storage conditions showed no significant effect on either zero span tensile or viscosity tests. …

Permeability Of Silicone Release Coatings, Jeffrey G. Carlsen

Paper Engineering Senior Theses

The permeability of silicone release coatings is a function of the silicone polymer, catalyst, coat weight, and film former. Experimental results showed that increasing the amount of silicone and the coat weight of the release coating will decrease the coatings permeability. No difference in permeability was noted by changing silicone polymer or catalyst amount. Using a low molecular weight CMC (as a film former) has no effect on the permeability of the release coating. A high molecular weight CMC reduced the permeability probably due to interference of diffusion dye molecules through the film conses by the high molecular weight CMC …

The Use Of Ultrasonic Frequencies As A Mechanism For Refining, Martin E. Munce

Paper Engineering Senior Theses

The objective of this thesis was to explore the use of ultrasonic frequencies as a mechanism for refining. Through cooperation with the Intex Corporation, an ultrasonic cleaning apparatus, that was easily adaptable to.use as a refiner, was borrowed. The experimental procedure indicated that ultrasonic refining coupled with mechanical ·refining produced a sheet with improved tear, tensil, fold and opacity characteristics. The burst, however, was slightly lower. An interesting phenomenon that occurred was the plateauing effect that is observed, most distinctly on the graphs of burst and tensil vs. freeness. this plateau seems to be a phenomenon where the maximum value …

Impact Of Aluminum Chemistry And Order Of Addition On Anionic Polyacrylamide Dry Strength Resins, Sally A. Mckeel

Paper Engineering Senior Theses

Greater improvements in dry strength values can be obtained by maintaining the system's pH at the pH of precipitation formation, pHp. By using the pHp as the system's pH, more aluminum can be adsorbed onto the fibers. With more aluminum adsorbed onto the fibers, there are more possible interaction sites for the polyacrylamide to be fixed between the fibers; and thereby give a higher dry strength response.

An optimum level of polyacrylamide, .5% based on dry fiber,· was used in achieving maximum dry strength effectiveness. When the order of addition of the rosin, aluminum species, and polyacrylamide system was varied, …

An Examination Of Ethnic Content In Nine Current Basal Series, John W. Logan, Jesus Garcia

Reading Horizons: A Journal of Literacy and Language Arts

The authors sought answers to the following questions regarding ethnic content by examining nine current basal reading series: 1. What amount of ethnic content is contained in nine of the major basal reading series; are there differences in the amount of ethnic content contained in these series? 2. Is there a particular basal reading series that emphasizes a greater number of stories about Blacks, Hispanics, or Native Americans than others; to what extent are these differences evident among the basal reading series? 3. In what ways can such information benefit individuals who are interested in purchasing a new basal series?

The Effectiveness Of Potassium Permanganate In Oxidizing Hydrogen Sulfide And In Aiding Mechanical Dewatering Of Pulp And Paper Industry Sludges, Russell Rathfon

Paper Engineering Senior Theses

Introduction

Odorous compounds have long been a significant problem faced by mills treating their own wastewater. This problem can be compounded when mechanical dewatering equipment is used to process primary and secondary sludges.

Plainwell Paper Company, a competitive producer of fine printing and technical specialty papers, is no exception to this rule. Along with the start-up of their new waste water treatment facility, which includes an Arus-Andritz sludge dewatering machine, came an irritating and potentially harmful odor problem. It was determined that the major cause of the odor was hydrogen sulfide.

Separation Of Southern Pine Pulp Into Its Springwood And Summerwood Components By Centrifugal Means: Savings In Refining And Other Possible Economic Justifications, Bernard J. Berger

Paper Engineering Senior Theses

A study of Southern Pine pulp separation into its springwood and summerwood fiber components was undertaken. Separation was accomplished through the use of two Bird Triclean centrifugal cleaner devices. Separation occurred mainly because of different apparent pulp densities in the two fiber fractions. Springwood collapsed during pulping, creating a flattened fiber, forty-five to sixty-five microns in length and ten to twelve microns in width. The thicker walled summerwood fibers, on the other hand, maintained their twenty-five to thirty-five micron diameter tubular shape. The greater surface area present in springwood fibers allowed a greater hydraulic force to be exerted to this …

The Effect Of Substrate Porosity And Method Of Drying On Coating Gloss, Gary P. Fugitt

Paper Engineering Senior Theses

This thesis involved the study of the effects on gloss, smoothness, sizing, and ink holdout of average pore size and drying method for styrene butadiene, polyvinyl acetate, and acrylic bound pigmented coatings. Average pore size was varied by using four different substrates. A mylar film with 0 micron average size and Millipore filter papers with .22, .45, and .80 micron average pore size were used. The three drying methods used were back drying on a hot plate, air drying, and blow drying with hot air.

It was found that the styrene butadiene coating gave the best gloss development, the smoothest …

The Effects Of Low Temperature Cooking On The Deinking Of Groundwood, George De Vries

Paper Engineering Senior Theses

An experiment was designed to lower the temperature of the cooking stage in the deinking of groundwood. The cook chemicals consisted of sodium meta-silicate, sodium carbonate, hydrogen peroxide and surfactants. The pulp was cooked over a temperature of 50°F-130°F. The pulp was washed on a laboratory sidehill screen and brightness pads were made. The object of the experiment was to reduce the cook temperature and use additional surfactant to maintain the brightness. Maximum brightness values were found a 0.1% surfactant and 110°F, and 0.3% surfactant and 90°F. A cost analysis revealed that a system can operate at slightly elevated temperatures …

Disco Users Manual, Thomas B. Pettinghill

Paper Engineering Senior Theses

The object of this thesis was to prepare an introductory user's manual for the use of DYSCO on WMU's DEC-10 computer. DYSCO is a process simulation program obtained from the Institute of Paper Chemistry. A variety of imaginary process systems were simulated with the DYSCO program so difficulties and problems could be found and dealt with. The manual gives examples and explanations so the program may be used with little difficulty.

This paper, however, provides only an introduction for the use of DYSCO, some of the more complicated routines such as RECIPE, CONTROL, and VALUE should be studied at greater …

The Variability Of Extinction Coefficient With Respect To Wood Species, James F. Siller

Paper Engineering Senior Theses

The variability of extinction coefficient with respect to wood species is an important aspect to ultra-violet determination of lignin both in cooking liquor and in the wood itself. The precision with which the abundance of a solution can be measured, and therefore the lignin concentration is dependent upon the extinction coefficient.

The objective of this investigation was to analyze various woods for variability and possibly determine overall extinction coefficient averages for woods or groups of woods (hardwood/softwood) that will be more representative than currently used extinction coefficients.

The results contained within indicate that the extinction coefficients for lignin samples in …

The Influence Of The Water Retention Value (Wrv) On Percent Moisture Through The Press Section, Michael J. Stoltz

Paper Engineering Senior Theses

A pilot plant paper machine trial was ran using 100% softwood stocks refined in a Jordan and double-disk refiner and then blended to give a gradual change in stock quality at a set freeness. Two freeness levels were used. WRV's and press section moistures were taken for each stock ran and evaluated. It was concluded that the WRV of a stock does vary with different refining techniques at a set freeness and in certain cases the WRV related to percent solids out of the press section. However, the sensitivity of the test to varying stock qualities varied widely. Problems arose …

Belt Filter Press Optimization With The Use Of Drainage Measurement, Jeffrey E. Farnsworth

Paper Engineering Senior Theses

The objective of this project is to determine if paper machine freeness meters can be applied to belt filter presses, so as to control the dosage rate of the polymer addition. Currently polymer dosage rates are set for the high demand loads and therefore, more polymer is used than is needed at the low demand loads. With the cost and use of chemical polymers increasing, the application of a control means to regulate polymer dose as required, should provide substantial savings in conditioning costs.

This study wants to show that a specific resistance tester is sensitive enough to pick up …

Content Area Reading: A Modular Approach, Walter L. Powers, Michael C. Mckenna, John W. Miller

Reading Horizons: A Journal of Literacy and Language Arts

The project is unique in two major respects. First, it greatly simplifies the participation of individual teachers by making available instructional modules prepared in advance for each textbook unit. Second, it coordinates the use of these modules with a diagnostic/prescriptive management system operated in the language arts program.