Digital Commons Network^™

Prospective Epidemiological Study In Collegiate Rodeo Athletes, Savannah L. Warner, Jennifer Lancaster

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Collegiate rodeo athletes sustain numerous injuries throughout competition and there is not much research and data collected on the epidemiology of injuries regarding these individuals. It was stated in one article that 89 percent of rodeo athletes face the potential for any type of injury per season. Having an athletic trainer for collegiate rodeo teams could significantly impact the prevention and care of their injuries during the 10-rodeo season. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to better determine injury rates for both rough stock and timed collegiate rodeo events at the collegiate level. METHODS: Students will complete weekly …

Southwestern University Student Athlete Wellbeing Survey - Pilot Study, Nadia Netek, Vanessa Mikan Phd, Edward Merritt

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

1 in 5 Americans live with a mental health condition. Student athletes' mental health is imperative for their performance and overall health. The pressures and challenges student athletes face can contribute towards a poor mental state. The National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) is encouraging athletics departments to create a culture of mental wellness. PURPOSE: To assess the wellbeing (state of health and happiness emotionally, physically, and psychologically) of student athletes at Southwestern University. METHODS: Using Google Forms, a survey was created including questions that would examine the anxiety (BECK anxiety scale) and stress (combination of the Student Stress …

Acute Maltodextrin Supplementation During Resistance Exercise, Dylan T. Wilburn, Steven Machek, Tom Cardaci, Paul Hwang, Darryn Willoughby

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

PURPOSE: Most of the research investigating the ergogenic enhancing mechanisms of carbohydrate have been conducted using aerobic based exercise. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of pre-exercise maltodextrin ingestion on resistance exercise performance, serum insulin, epinephrine, glucose, and muscle glycogen concentrations. METHODS: In a double blind, cross over, repeated measures design, participants completed four sets to failure at 70% of 1-RM with 45s rest on the angled leg press with or without pre-exercise maltodextrin (2g/kg) after a 3hr fast. Serum glucose, epinephrine, and insulin were assessed at baseline, 30 min post-ingestion, immediately after, and 1hr …

Geographic Disparity Of Female Athlete Triad Awareness And Access To Resources In The Ncaa, Anna G. Warner, Katherine H. Rizzone, Robert D. Chetlin, Scott Davis, Timothy Harvey, Paul M. Gordon

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

The Female Athlete Triad is a pervasive, multifactorial morbidity among college athletes. The geographic disparity of female athlete triad awareness and access to resources in NCAA is unknown. PURPOSE: To determine geographic disparities in awareness of Triad components and resource access in the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA). METHOD: Division I-III NCAA compliance officers were sent an email containing a request to disseminate a web-based survey to cross country coaches in their respective conferences. The web-linked instrument included: a study synopsis; an informed consent statement, and; the IRB-approved survey tool. Respondents were grouped geographically based upon conference headquarters …

Ubiquitin Proteasome System Activity Is Suppressed By Curcumin Following Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage In Human Skeletal Muscle, Thomas D. Cardaci, Steven B. Machek, Dylan T. Wilburn, Paul S. Hwang, Darryn Willoughby Phd

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

PURPOSE: Curcumin is a natural polyphenolic compound with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. In vitro and in vivo animal studies have demonstrated that exposure to curcumin leads to dysregulation of the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS). However, to date, no study has investigated curcumin’s ability to influence UPS activity in a human model. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of curcumin supplementation on markers of UPS activity in the presence of elevations in UPS activity due to exercise-induced muscle damage. METHODS: Twenty-three recreationally active male and female participants between the ages of 18-30 were randomized into …

Contribution Of The Ankle, Knee, And Hip To Total Lower Extremity Internal/External Rotation, Dylan P. Lidge, Tal Amasay, Vered Arbel

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

The nature of the ankle, knee, and hip interaction can profoundly impact the movement patterns of the lower extremities. The ability to internally and externally rotate the lower extremity is essential in order to effectively absorb and apply force. In previous studies, most measurements have been conducted in 2D using a protractor, while mainly evaluating the hip. Dysfunction in any joint throughout the kinetic chain can lead to inefficient movement patterns that can compromise performance and potentially lead to injury. Appreciating the complexity of the lower extremity brings to attention the importance of any segments that are compromised. PURPOSE: …

Case Presentation For Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome, Hannah Lattanzio, Vered Arbel, Terry Nicola, Tal Amasay

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

CASE HISTORY: The patient is a fourteen-year-old female who presented to the clinic for bilateral hip and lumbar back pain. She stated that the pain has been present for approximately seven months and described it as a deep ache in the low back and both hips anteriorly. The patient said she plays a variety of sports but denies any specific event that could contribute to her pain. She stated her pain is worse with prolonged walking, standing, and sitting. Additionally, the patient mentioned her first menstrual cycle lasted fifty-six days and she has since not had any following menses, …

Rheologic Properties Of A Novel Gelatin Methacrylate Bioink For 3d Printing Musculoskeletal Grafts, Sara Peper, Neelam Ahuja, Thy Vo, Kamal Awad, Venu Varanasi

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

According to data published in The Burden of Musculoskeletal Diseases in the United States (BMUS) nearly 18% of the US population experienced a sports-related musculoskeletal injury in 2012. The field of Tissue Engineering has made strides towards 3D printing musculoskeletal grafts in the past few years to treat these injuries. Despite these advances, producing bioinks that are highly printable and also imitate the dynamic viscoelastic properties of soft tissue types in order to stimulate regeneration remains a challenge. An ideal bioink for 3D bioprinting must possess proper mechanical, biological, and rheological properties for specific tissue applications. The most important rheologic …

The Influence Of Hip Position On Lower Extremity Internal/External Rotations And Its Reliability, Anne Jelie Panganiban, Vered Arbel, Tal Amasay

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

The hip joint is important in activities of daily living (ADL), allowing tri-planar movements simultaneously. Range of motion (ROM) of the hips is essential for ADL, where a decreased hip ROM is associated with higher lower extremity injuries. Measuring ROM of the hips can assist in preventing lower extremity injuries. Goniometry is a common method used in measuring passive and dynamic hip ROM, however, limited mainly to non-weight bearing positions such as supine, prone and sitting. PURPOSE: To investigate the influence of weight bearing hip position on lower extremity internal rotation (IR) and external rotation (ER) ROM and its …

Metabolic Costs Of Stair-Stepping Methods, Chelsea Banawis, Edward Merritt

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Walking up stairs is physically demanding, causing high levels of perceived exertion and increased oxygen consumption compared to level walking. While stair-climbing exercise can be used to improve one’s cardiorespiratory fitness, individuals often choose the elevator for convenience and to minimize perceived exertion. Determining if a single step or double step method of stair-climbing requires different levels of oxygen consumption, and thereby exertion, could provide useful information potentially encouraging people to use the stairs. PURPOSE: This study was performed to determine whether stair-climbing using the single step method or double step method on a staircase creates greater oxygen consumption. The …

Effects Of Weight Status And Sedentary Behavior On Depression Among Young Adults, Xiaoxia Zhang, Xiangli Gu, Samantha Moss

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

It has been a global concern that nearly one-third of young adults have persistent depressive disorder (Ibrahim et al., 2013). Engaging in excessive sedentary behavior coupled with the high prevalence of overweight and obesity among young adults have been known to be high-risk factors for depression (Tychenne et al., 2015). PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of weight status (normal weight vs. overweight/obese) and sedentary behavior (< 3 hrs vs. ³ 3 hrs) among male and female young adults, respectively. METHODS: A total of 139 young adults (96 females, 43 males; mean age = 22.44, SD = 3.71) were recruited from one public university in Northern …

Treadmill Walking Increases Percent Of Circulating Monocytes (Cd14+) Expressing Cx3cr1 In Older Adults, Victoria E. Warren, Rachel M. Graff, Emily C. Lavoy, Melissa M. Markofski

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

CX3CR1 is a chemokine receptor for the chemokine CX3CL1. Expression of CX3CR1 may influence the inflammatory response of the innate immune system. The PURPOSE: of this study was to examine the relationship between CX3CR1 expression on circulating monocytes with physical activity level and mode of exercise in healthy, older adults. METHODS: Twenty-four healthy older adults (63.0 ±5.0 years) were recruited for this study. Participants were divided into two groups based on self-reported physical activity level: physically active (PA) and physically inactive (PI). Participants completed a randomized complete crossover trial of 30 minutes moderate-vigorous intensity cardiorespiratory endurance (CRE) or resistance …

Formoterol Stimulation In Vitro Influences Myogenic Regulatory Factors During Myogenesis In Human Skeletal Muscle Cells, Chase M. White, Gena D. Guerin, Emily L. Zumbro, Ryan A. Gordon, Dreanna M. Mcadams, Matthew L. Sokoloski, David L. Nichols Ph.D., Facsm, Anthony A. Duplanty

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

The process of myogenesis within skeletal muscle (SKM) is essential for growth and repair and is coordinated via the expression of myogenic regulatory genes. Previous animal studies have reported that formoterol, a beta-adrenergic receptor agonist, has stimulating effects on genes related to SKM mitochondrial function and biogenesis, similar to effects found for exercise. Lesser known is the potential “exercise mimetic” influence that formoterol stimulation may have during the stages of myogenesis, especially in human SKM cells. PURPOSE: To investigate the effects of formoterol stimulation on expression of myogenic regulatory genes during myogenesis in human SKM cells. METHODS: Human …

Accessing Sleep, Sedentary Behaviors, And Physical Activity Among College Students: The Roles Of Ethnicity And Obesity, Angela L. Coriddi, Xiaoxia Zhang, Samantha Moss, Xiangli Gu

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Physical inactivity/sedentary behavior and sleep disorder have been identified as emerging public health problems. Only half of on-campus college students report meeting recommended moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and over 60% of US adults between the ages of 20–39 years were either overweight or obese. PURPOSE: The purposes of this study were to: 1) identify the relationships between physical activity (light PA [LPA], MVPA), sedentary behavior, and sleep patterns among college students; and 2) examine the effects of the ethnicity (Hispanic vs. non-Hispanic) and obesity (normal weight vs. overweight/obese) on study variables. METHODS: There were 139 college students participated in …

An Assessment Of The Potential For Standardizing Various Measures Of Arterial Stiffness, Taha A. Alhalimi, Jisok Lim, Hirofumi Tanaka

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Arterial stiffness is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Different measures of arterial stiffness have been used to assess the impacts of exercise training interventions. One of the primary problems faced by investigators conducting systematic reviews and meta-analyses is the lack of standardized methodology to evaluate and compare efficacies of the existing and newly conducted exercise interventions on arterial stiffness. The reference standard measure of arterial stiffness is pulse wave velocity (PWV) while other commonly-used methodologies are ultrasound-derived arterial compliance and distensibility. PURPOSE: To describe standardized equations to convert common ultrasound-based measures of arterial stiffness (arterial compliance, distensibility, ß-stiffness …

Muscular Torque Output During Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation Following A 4-Week Training Intervention In Older Adults, Nigel C. Jiwan, Kyndall P. Ramirez, Monica A. Mendoza, Joni A. Mettler Ph.D

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) can be used to induce muscle torque by generating involuntary muscle contractions. If a greater muscular torque and torque maintenance could be induced by NMES training bouts, it may lead to improvements in electrically induced muscular endurance. However, little is known regarding torque output during NMES pre-post training. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine if a 4-week NMES training intervention would alter involuntary muscular torque output during the NMES protocol in older, healthy adults. METHODS: Eleven older adults (68.7 ± 2.1 years) completed 12 (Day 1 – Day 12), 40-min NMES training sessions …

Improvement In Physical Function And Quality Of Life In Older Adults Following 4 Weeks Of Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation, Monica A. Mendoza, Mitchell S. Kane, Nigel C. Jiwan, Kyndall P. Ramirez, Lindsay E. Kipp Ph.D, Joni A. Mettler Ph.D

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Older adults often suffer from sarcopenia, the age-related loss of muscle mass and strength, which negatively impacts physical function and quality of life (QoL). Neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) is frequently used in physical rehabilitation as a muscle strengthening modality; however, little research exists on QoL outcomes in response to NMES. PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to determine changes in QoL and physical function in older adults after 4 weeks of NMES. METHODS: Ten healthy, older adults participated in the study (67.8 ± 2.1 years-old). Each participant was seated on an isokinetic dynamometer with the knee positioned at 60°, …

Plasma Lipid, Glucose, And Immune Responses To Consumption Of Nutritive And Nonnutritive Sweeteners And Exercise, Jarrett Walbolt, Yunsuk Koh

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Although nonnutritive sweeteners are widely used as substitutes for nutritive sweeteners, it is currently uncertain how these commonly available sweeteners affect plasma glucose and lipid metabolism. PURPOSE: To examine how nutritive and nonnutritive sweeteners influence plasma lipid profiles, complete blood counts, and plasma glucose content at rest and during exercise. METHODS: This randomized, double-blinded, cross-over design study included 9 healthy, college aged, individuals (4 females and 5 males). In four separate visits, participants consumed 8 oz of sweetened drink in random order with either 445mg of stevia, 507mg of aspartame, 169mg of sucralose, or 110,000mg of sucrose mixed into water. …

Comparing Assessments Of Vascular Function Via Flow-Mediated Dilation And Rhythmic Handgrip Exercise, Brandi Y. Stephens, Thales C. Barbosa, Jasdeep Kaur, Paul J. Fadel

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Young, otherwise healthy Non-Hispanic Black individuals have been shown to exhibit blunted vascular responsiveness compared to their Non-Hispanic White counterparts, which may be a potential mechanism leading to higher cardiovascular disease risk in this group. Racial differences in vascular function have largely been assessed using flow-mediated dilation (FMD). However, more recent studies have proposed the use of rhythmic handgrip (HG) as an alternative measure of vascular function. PURPOSE: To compare whether rhythmic HG exercise could be an alternative technique to FMD in assessing differences in vascular function between black and white individuals. METHODS: Brachial artery vasodilation was assessed in …

Old Mice Exhibit Greater Skeletal Muscle Cxcl10 Gene Expression, Iqra B. Ameen, Daniel W. Trott, Zaid Siddiq

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Advanced age is associated with impairments in glucose tolerance increasing the risk for metabolic syndrome and type II diabetes. Preliminary data from our lab demonstrates greater T-cell infiltration in the skeletal muscle with age and that depletion of T-cells improves glucose tolerance in old mice. The mechanisms responsible for increased T-cell recruitment to the skeletal muscles with age is not known. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine whether gene expression of the T-cell recruiting chemokine’s Cxcl10, Ccl5, and Ccl2 are altered with advanced age in mouse skeletal muscle. METHODS: 4 young mice (~6months) and 5 old mice …

Exercise Prescription For And Outcomes Of A Cardiovascular And Cerebral Misfunction Case, Krystal Grant, Ana Castillo, Anthony Vempala, Kelsey Malinowski, Zacharias Papadakis

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

HISTORY: A Caucasian 62 -year-old male was admitted in the emergency room with complaints of chest discomfort. Patient was experiencing weakness on the left side of his body and was considered medically paralyzed. Patient was experiencing seizures that occurred 1 month ago due to heart conditions and in the last two weeks he experienced another stroke. History consisted of cardiovascular disease, cancer and coronary artery disease and smoking for 25 years. In 2011, patient had a defibrillator and pacemaker put in. August of 2016, patient had gone through ventricular fibrillation and resulted in a stent placement. In 2017, patient …

Age Related Alterations In Chemokine And Chemokine Receptor Gene Expression In Mouse Hearts, Zaid Siddiq, Daniel W. Trott

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Data from our lab and others demonstrate that there is greater cardiac T cell infiltration with age and that these T cells play a role in pathogenic cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis. However, how T cells are recruited to the heart with advanced age is unknown. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to assess age-related alterations in T cell recruiting chemokine and chemokine receptor gene expression in the heart. METHODS: This study was conducted using five young (4-6 months old) and five old (22-24 months old) mice. Following euthanasia, the heart tissue was snap frozen and homogenized. RNA was extracted …

Differences In Impact And Load During Collegiate Rugby 7s, Camden Wilson, Jessica Prather, Javier Zaragoza, Matthias Tinnin, Ariane Secrest, Justin Goonan, Lemuel W. Taylor Iv

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Rugby 7s is a sport played with seven players, and two, 7-minute halves, played on a standard rugby field of 100 meters long by 70 meters wide. Impacts with forces greater than 10.0 Gs are an often occurrence in rugby 7s, and the occurrence can be quite frequent in such a short period of time (14 minutes of match play). Multiple matches are played in a day or throughout a weekend in tournament format thus adding to the load on players and current research on the amount of impact and load players experience is lacking in a U.S. collegiate population. …

Open Reduction And Internal Fixation Of Three Displaced Malleoli, Carley Painter, Christina Macdonell, Zacharias Papadakis

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

CASE HISTORY: A 20-year-old, white/Hispanic, female visited Emergency Room with severe inflammation, lateral ecchymosis, tenderness, and displacement of the left ankle due to a fall. Patient was unable to move foot, remained non-weight bearing, and had 10/10 pain levels with palpation to ankle and foot. PHYSICAL EXAM: Upon orthopedics’ physical examination, pain on palpation was noted on the left hallux. Her pedal pulses were readily palpable. There was moderate nonpitting edema to the left lower extremity. DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSES: Grade 3 lateral ankle sprain. TESTS & RESULTS: General radiology (GR) on ankle, tibia, fibula, and a computerized …

Exploring The Potential Role Of Family History Of Hypertension On Racial Differences In Sympathetic Vascular Transduction, Jane N. Cloud, Ben E. Young, Jody L. Greaney, Paul J. Fadel

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

The prevalence of hypertension in Non-Hispanic Black (BL) men surpasses all other racial groups. Our laboratory has previously demonstrated exaggerated vasoconstrictor and blood pressure (BP) responses to spontaneous bursts of muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA; sympathetic vascular transduction) in young, healthy BL men compared to their Non-Hispanic White (WH) counterparts. Because a family history of hypertension (FHH) further compounds cardiovascular risk, we wanted to begin to explore the potential impact of a positive (+) FHH on sympathetic vascular transduction. Whether a +FHH influences sympathetic vascular transduction in WH and/or BL men remains unknown. PURPOSE: To begin to explore if +FHH …

Blunted Spontaneous Sympathetic Baroreflex Sensitivity In Young Healthy Black Men, Damsara Nandadeva, Benjamin E. Young, Jody L. Greaney, Paul J. Fadel

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

The prevalence and severity of hypertension in black individuals are greater than in any other racial/ethnic group in the United States. The arterial baroreflex dynamically regulates blood pressure (BP) on a beat-to-beat basis via alterations in cardiac output and peripheral vascular resistance, and impairments in arterial baroreflex function are well-documented in patients with hypertension. Previous reports suggest that black individuals have a reduced cardiac baroreflex sensitivity compared to their white counterparts. However, the peripheral sympathetic component of the arterial baroreflex has never been examined in young healthy black individuals. PURPOSE: We sought to compare spontaneous sympathetic baroreflex sensitivity between …

Sex Differences In Speed And Acceleration Metrics In Soccer A Case Of Ncaa, Division Iii Student-Athletes, Cas Costa, Tiffanie Alling, Mark Whitney, Grant Morgan, Andreas Stamatis

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

According to American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) reports, wearable technology is the number one fitness trend for 2020 in the US. Division III (DIII) schools are the biggest participant in the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA). In terms of number of student-athletes, soccer is the second most popular sport in NCAA. Duration of high speed and number of accelerations/decelerations have been identified as correlates of injuries, such as anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury, especially in female athletes. PURPOSE: To examine whether there are sex difference in the relationship of speed and acceleration metrics in collegiate soccer. METHODS: …

Mental Toughness Trait Or State A Case Of Female, Ncaa Division I Soccer Players, Cece Rivera, Grant Morgan, Jeff S. Forsse, Andreas Stamatis

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

The importance of mental toughness (MT) in sport settings is well recognized. However, there is an ongoing debate on whether MT is a state or a trait. Recent findings supports the notion that, although there is considerable stability, MT levels could fluctuate over time. Undoubtedly, this has implications over the likelihood of developing MT and its conceptualization. PURPOSE: To examine whether MT levels fluctuate significantly or are relatively stable over time. METHODS: All 30 players of the same Atlantic 10 women’s soccer team agreed to participate (M_age= 20.3, SD=1.7). The Mental Toughness Index (MTI) …

Arbitrary Metrics In Mental Toughness Research: A Pilot Study Of Female, Ncaa, Division I Basketball Players And Their Strength And Conditioning Coach, Hanna Merrell, Grant Morgan, Jeff S. Forsse, Andreas Stamatis

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Over the past two decades, mental toughness (MT) has become one of the most popular concepts in the field of positive psychology and more particularly, in both basic and applied sport psychology. However, the dependence on arbitrary metrics remains one of the major disapprovals of MT research as a whole. Although recently relationships of MT and objective performance indicators have been investigated (e.g., race time), arbitrary metrics still appear inadequate to support answers when it comes to the actual meaning and practicality of self-reported MT scores. Multi-rating, via cross-verification from various sources, can increase the validation of scores of …

Beliefs And Attitude Changes Towards Virtual Reality Usefulness After Disabilities Simulation, Cristina L. Basaldu, Omar A. Solis, Jessica L. Hinojosa, Bianca L. Garcia, Daniel Joseph Burt

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

ABSTRACT

Virtual Reality (VR) has been utilized often as a potential recreational tool for enjoyment by generating false realities to interact with, but in regards to a potential tool to introduce understanding in cultures and empathetic responses it has seen little use. Stereotypical beliefs seem to exist that disabled people are unable to care for themselves (Burgstahler & Doe, 2004). Furthermore, individuals without disabilities may not fully understand how a person with disabilities is able to even function in daily life (McKenny, 2018). Leo and Goodwin (2016) emphasized the value of simulation exercises to change individual attitudes and perspectives towards …