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Autophagy Is Required For Mtor-Mediated Anabolism In Skeletal Muscle, Patrick Ryan, Sean Stanelle, Megan Humphries, Colleen L. O'Reilly, Selina Uranga, Jessica M. Cardin, James D. Fluckey Feb 2023

Autophagy Is Required For Mtor-Mediated Anabolism In Skeletal Muscle, Patrick Ryan, Sean Stanelle, Megan Humphries, Colleen L. O'Reilly, Selina Uranga, Jessica M. Cardin, James D. Fluckey

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

PURPOSE: While much has been discovered about the role autophagy in protein degradation, recent evidence suggests that autophagy is required for muscular adaptations to exercise, hinting at a hitherto unknown cross-talk between autophagic proteolysis and muscle protein anabolism. Here, we set out to further elucidate the metabolic mechanisms by which autophagy may influence protein anabolism. METHODS: L6 myoblasts received either electrical pulse stimulation (EPS) to induce muscle contraction or were unstimulated to serve as controls, and were then treated with an inhibitor of the ATG4 enzyme which catalyzes the initial step of autophagy NSC185058 (NSC, 100 μM) or DMSO as …

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Sex Differences In The Relationship Between Baroreflex Effectiveness Index And Spontaneous Cardiac Baroreflex Sensitivity, Ziba Taherzadeh, Nicole A. Garza, Rachel J. Skow, Benjamin E. Young, Paul J. Fadel Feb 2023

Sex Differences In The Relationship Between Baroreflex Effectiveness Index And Spontaneous Cardiac Baroreflex Sensitivity, Ziba Taherzadeh, Nicole A. Garza, Rachel J. Skow, Benjamin E. Young, Paul J. Fadel

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Baroreflex effectiveness index (BEI) is a relatively new measure used to assess cardiac baroreflex function. It is unclear whether BEI provides independent or complementary information compared to traditional spontaneous cardiac baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) measures. PURPOSE: The purpose of this project was to begin to explore the relationship between BEI and BRS in young adults and to investigate the impact of sex on these potential relationships. We hypothesized that there would be a positive correlation between BEI and BRS in both males and females. METHODS: We studied 45 young healthy adults, 17 males (24 ± 4 years) and 28 …

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Differences In Quadriceps Activation During Return-To-Play In Lower Body Resistance-Trained Females, Sierra M. Washington, Calvin D. Smith, Dakota R. Harris, Kase J. Pennartz, Lindsay K. Rankin, Samuel J. Ramirez, Isabella E. Zapata, Micheal J. Luera Feb 2023

Differences In Quadriceps Activation During Return-To-Play In Lower Body Resistance-Trained Females, Sierra M. Washington, Calvin D. Smith, Dakota R. Harris, Kase J. Pennartz, Lindsay K. Rankin, Samuel J. Ramirez, Isabella E. Zapata, Micheal J. Luera

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Muscular activation in the quadriceps is indicative of proper muscular function, which is the sole determinant of a return-to-play assessment. Specifically, the activation within the knee extensors is essential to the evaluation of ACL tears. PURPOSE: The purpose of the study was to bilaterally compare muscular activation of the vastus lateralis (VL), vastus medialis (VM), and rectus femoris (RF) during isokinetic knee extensions across velocities. METHODS: 8 lower-body resistance-trained females (n=8; age= 19 ±1, height= 169.06 ±3.85 cm, weight= 64.46 ±4.76 kg) completed this study. Using an isokinetic dynamometer, subjects performed continuous isokinetic knee extensions at velocities of 60°/sec, 180°/sec, …

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Aortic Wave Reflection Following Maximal Exercise In Healthy Young Adults, Keng-Yu Chang, Zhaoli Liu, Chueh-Lung Hwang Feb 2023

Aortic Wave Reflection Following Maximal Exercise In Healthy Young Adults, Keng-Yu Chang, Zhaoli Liu, Chueh-Lung Hwang

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Increased magnitude and early return of aortic wave reflection decrease coronary perfusion during diastole and augment systolic blood pressure (SBP). Exaggerated SBP in responses to maximal exercise is an indicator of future cardiovascular disease. Several studies investigated aortic wave reflection in response to maximal exercise. However, most of these studies did not provide a comprehensive assessment of wave reflection, including the forward and backward components of the pressure waves. The former are generated by ventricular contraction and the latter are the function of forward waves and waves reflected from the periphery. PURPOSE: This study was to investigate aortic wave …

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Body Composition And Blood Biomarkers Correlate With Muscle Strength And Anaerobic Performance, Enrique Rios, Giles J. Andrews Iii, Matthew P. Gonzalez, Emily Getreu, Andres Acuna, Natalia Taha, Kelly Cheever, Ciara Floyd, Sandor Dorgo, Tianou Zhang Feb 2023

Body Composition And Blood Biomarkers Correlate With Muscle Strength And Anaerobic Performance, Enrique Rios, Giles J. Andrews Iii, Matthew P. Gonzalez, Emily Getreu, Andres Acuna, Natalia Taha, Kelly Cheever, Ciara Floyd, Sandor Dorgo, Tianou Zhang

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Blood biomarkers and body composition are sensitive indicators to monitor and predict performance in the athletic population. The analysis of these markers can help monitor progression in athletes competing in aerobic and anaerobic sports; however, it is unclear which biomarkers are associated with muscle strength and anaerobic performance. PURPOSE: To explore the correlations of body composition and blood biomarkers with muscle strength and power tests of the countermovement jump (CMJ), broad jump (BJ), isometric mid-thigh pulls (IMTP), hand grip strength (HGS), and the Wingate anaerobic test. METHODS: This study recruited nine collegiate intramural sports club students (Height=171.43±10.05 cm, …

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A Bilateral Comparison Of Overuse Shoulder Rotation In Overhead Throwing Athletes, Lindsay K. Rankin, Calvin D. Smith, Kase J. Pennartz, Dakota R. Harris, Samuel J. Ramirez, Sierra M. Washington, Isabella E. Zapata, Neil Petroff, Micheal J. Luera Feb 2023

A Bilateral Comparison Of Overuse Shoulder Rotation In Overhead Throwing Athletes, Lindsay K. Rankin, Calvin D. Smith, Kase J. Pennartz, Dakota R. Harris, Samuel J. Ramirez, Sierra M. Washington, Isabella E. Zapata, Neil Petroff, Micheal J. Luera

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Repetition of an unnatural movement may lead to skeletal muscle and/or connective tissue injury resulting in bilateral deficits. These discrepancies can be identified via the assessment of electromyographic activation and peak torque (PT) values during concentric internal and external rotation. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine the bilateral differences in PT output and root mean squared (RMS) values during isokinetic internal and external shoulder rotation with association to overuse injuries. METHODS: Six overhead throwing athletes (n=6, age=19 ± 1 year; height=181.8 ± 7.5 cm; weight= 85.1 ± 7.9 kg) completed bilateral isokinetic internal and external rotation of …

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Injury Risk And Location Comparison Of Full-Time Swat Operators And Part-Time Swat Operators, Kaylee Fredella Feb 2023

Injury Risk And Location Comparison Of Full-Time Swat Operators And Part-Time Swat Operators, Kaylee Fredella

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Special Weapons and Tactics (SWAT) teams deal with high-risk situations with unpredictable movement patterns that put them at a risk for injuries. SWAT teams fall into two distinct categories full-time (FT) and part-time (PT). FT SWAT teams are in big cities, and they are SWAT operators their whole shift. While PT teams are in smaller cities or more rural counties, and they spend half their time as SWAT operators and the other as patrol officers. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine differences in pain and injury locations and average length of injury time between PT and FT …

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Regional Motor Unit Firing Behaviors Of Mono- And Bi-Articular Leg Extensor Muscles, Calvin D. Smith, Jesus A. Hernandez-Sarabia, Carlos A. Estrada, Lyric D. Richardson, Dakota R. Harris, Kase J. Pennartz, Jason M. Defreitas, Micheal J. Luera Feb 2023

Regional Motor Unit Firing Behaviors Of Mono- And Bi-Articular Leg Extensor Muscles, Calvin D. Smith, Jesus A. Hernandez-Sarabia, Carlos A. Estrada, Lyric D. Richardson, Dakota R. Harris, Kase J. Pennartz, Jason M. Defreitas, Micheal J. Luera

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Motor unit (MU) activation patterns provide vast insight into skeletal muscle contractions and may differ depending on architectural differences. Previous findings have suggested that MU activation patterns, specifically within the quadriceps group, are region-specific; this, along with the architectural differences between the quadriceps muscles, may further influence force production as reflected within the relationships between the firings. PURPOSE: To examine regional activation in proximal and distal regions of biarticular [rectus femoris (RF)] and monoarticular [vastus lateralis (VL)] knee extensors during submaximal isometric knee extensions. METHODS: On two separate randomized visits, eight lower-body resistance trained individuals, 6 males (n=6, …

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Macronutrients For High And Low Injury Risk Collegiate Rodeo Athletes Compared To Recommended Dietary Allowances, Jessie Ramirez, Andy Wolfe, Bailee Cooper, Ruth Caddell Feb 2023

Macronutrients For High And Low Injury Risk Collegiate Rodeo Athletes Compared To Recommended Dietary Allowances, Jessie Ramirez, Andy Wolfe, Bailee Cooper, Ruth Caddell

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Rodeo is a high-intensity, intermittent sport in nature unlike popular American sports. The production of empirical research outlining the physical demands and ideal training methods connected to rodeo and improving performance has not matched the rate of growth the sport of rodeo has experienced. Particularly regarding nutritional recommendations, limited research explains nutrition and its role in injury prevention and the process of recovery in rodeo athletes. PURPOSE: The purpose was to investigate the differences of macronutrients between high risk and low risk of injury in rodeo athletes compared to recommended daily allowances (RDA). METHODS: College rodeo athletes from …

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Timing Of Muscle Synergies And Knee And Hip Moments During The Stand-To-Sit, Mohsen Alighanbari, Lisa Griffin Feb 2023

Timing Of Muscle Synergies And Knee And Hip Moments During The Stand-To-Sit, Mohsen Alighanbari, Lisa Griffin

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

The timing of the hip and knee moments regulates precise control of the center of mass (CoM) during a stand-to-sit (StandTS). Alteration in hip and knee moment timing may increase the risk of falling. Muscle synergy patterns, as a diagnostic tool, may indicate the change in the timing of hip and knee moments. However, the relationship between the timing of synergy levels and hip and knee moments has yet to be assessed. PURPOSE: To evaluate the relationship between the time-to-peak of StandTS synergies with the time-to-peak of knee extension, hip flexion and abduction moments. METHODS: Ten healthy male …

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Impacts Of Health Habits Through Fit5, Kathryn E. Willsey, Amber M. Chelette Feb 2023

Impacts Of Health Habits Through Fit5, Kathryn E. Willsey, Amber M. Chelette

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

PURPOSE: The Fit5 program was developed by the Special Olympics to help individuals with developmental disabilities make improvements in their health and fitness. The purpose of this study was to examine whether a 6 week program using the Fit5 resource could result in improvements in the physical activity and diet of ten adults with developmental disabilities. METHODS: The individuals were taken through a six-week program where for 45 minutes each week they would exercise according to the Fit5 information that they were provided. During each session, instructors would briefly talk about their diet. At the beginning and end …

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Biomechanical Effects On Barbell Back Squat: Barefoot Vs. Running Shoes, Madyson A. Runge Feb 2023

Biomechanical Effects On Barbell Back Squat: Barefoot Vs. Running Shoes, Madyson A. Runge

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Individuals who weight lift recreationally often do so in a variety of different footwear. Understanding how footwear affects squat biomechanics and kinematics is important in order to achieve optimal form, performance, and muscular strength. PURPOSE: Analyze how footwear affects the kinematics of a barbell back squat under two footwear conditions, running shoes and barefoot. METHODS: Eight experienced weightlifters ages 18-23 with no prior injuries participated in an analysis of a barbell back squat under two footwear conditions, barefoot and running shoes. A multi- repetition max test was conducted during the first session and 3D video analysis was conducted …

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Effects Of Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation Training On Skeletal Muscle Anabolic Signaling In Older Adults, Garret H. Van Ree, Ashlyn Fisher, Sam Goldenstein, Nigel Jiwan, Kendall Ramirez, Monica Mendoza, Lindsay E. Kipp, Matthew Mcallister, Joni A. Mettler Feb 2023

Effects Of Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation Training On Skeletal Muscle Anabolic Signaling In Older Adults, Garret H. Van Ree, Ashlyn Fisher, Sam Goldenstein, Nigel Jiwan, Kendall Ramirez, Monica Mendoza, Lindsay E. Kipp, Matthew Mcallister, Joni A. Mettler

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) generates involuntary muscle contraction and may be a safe and effective alternative to voluntary resistance training, which is important for those who cannot perform voluntary exercise due to age-related conditions. However, further research is needed to better understand the skeletal muscle anabolic signaling response of the mTORC1 (mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1) pathway with repeated bouts of NMES. PURPOSE: To determine changes in skeletal muscle anabolic signaling in response to a 4-week NMES intervention in older adults. METHODS: Participants (n = 7) in this clinical trial were healthy, older adults (70.4 ± 2.9 years). …

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Effects Of Resistance Training Status On Exercise Patterns And Body Composition Among Younger And Older Adults, Quinten W. Pigg, Cole Hambric, Garret Van Ree, Ashlyn Fisher, Holly Kendall, Lindsay Kipp, Joni Mettler Feb 2023

Effects Of Resistance Training Status On Exercise Patterns And Body Composition Among Younger And Older Adults, Quinten W. Pigg, Cole Hambric, Garret Van Ree, Ashlyn Fisher, Holly Kendall, Lindsay Kipp, Joni Mettler

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

As individuals age, percent body fat tends to increase and lean muscle mass decreases, which may limit the ability to engage in higher intensity exercise. Moderate to vigorous physical activity has been shown to improve body composition, but it is unclear whether exercise patterns, such as amount of moderate and high intensity exercise performed, are impacted by resistance training status in younger and older adults. PURPOSE: To examine whether resistance trained and untrained younger and older adults differ on duration of high, moderate, and low intensity exercise and percent body fat (%BF). METHODS: Younger (23.8 ± 0.4 years) …

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Covid-19 Vaccine Effects On Exercise Habits And Attitudes In College Students, Heaven Dunn, Vipa Bernhardt Feb 2023

Covid-19 Vaccine Effects On Exercise Habits And Attitudes In College Students, Heaven Dunn, Vipa Bernhardt

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Coronavirus (COVID-19) affected and continues to alter lives across the world. The introduction of the COVID-19 vaccine brought changes to lockdown restrictions and a seemingly new normal. PURPOSE: to assess the effects of the COVID-19 vaccine on physical activity habits and attitudes among college students in the spring 2022 semester. METHODS: A link to a Qualtrics survey was emailed to all students enrolled in the spring 2022 semester at Texas A&M-Commerce. Respondents answered questions regarding their vaccination status, physical activity habits, and experiences with COVID. Qualitative answers were grouped and analyzed by common themes. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive …

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Stand More, Sit Less, For Better Metabolic Health, Jehu N. Apaflo Feb 2023

Stand More, Sit Less, For Better Metabolic Health, Jehu N. Apaflo

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Sedentary behaviors are associated with metabolic risks such as weight gain, high adiposity, and abdominal/visceral fat deposition. The American College of Sports Medicine recommends a minimum of 150 mins per week of moderate to vigorous physical activity for health benefits. Adherence, however, is poor due to the prolonged sitting hours required for most modern jobs and the excessive television viewing habits. Emerging studies show that interrupting long sitting hours with intermitted breaks of light activities attenuates the pernicious effects of sedentariness. While most studies and policy guidelines focus on physical activity interventions, there is a lack of data on the …

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Reliability Of Bell’S Test Conducted With Virtual Reality, Disha A. Kapoor, Karishma Patel, Annette Buitrago, Joseph B. Hazzard, William E. Amonette Feb 2023

Reliability Of Bell’S Test Conducted With Virtual Reality, Disha A. Kapoor, Karishma Patel, Annette Buitrago, Joseph B. Hazzard, William E. Amonette

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Cancellation tasks are commonly used assessment tools to detect unilateral neglect. Bell’s Test, one of the most commonly administered cancellation tasks, requires individuals to quickly and accurately identify “bells” randomly placed in an array of symbols. The reliability of Bells Test conducted with a paper and pencil is well established. A newly developed, commercial software application, allows Bell’s Test to be administered in fully immersive virtual reality environment. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to measure the reliability of the Bell’s Test using a virtual reality (VR) system and to establish the level of agreement between the pen-paper …

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Grand Movement: Influence Of Fitness Sessions On Static And Dynamic Balance In Older Adults, Riley A. Barlage, Blake Sitterly, Vanessa Mikan Phd Feb 2023

Grand Movement: Influence Of Fitness Sessions On Static And Dynamic Balance In Older Adults, Riley A. Barlage, Blake Sitterly, Vanessa Mikan Phd

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

It is recommended that adults 65 years and older engage in activities to improve balance such as standing on one foot at least 3 days a week (CDC, 2022). Flexibility and balance are vital components of fitness for older adults in order to perform activities of daily living (ADLs) and aid in reducing risk of falling which is prevalent in senior living facilities. Fear of falling is a belief that an individual cannot prevent themselves from falling or that they have a nagging worry that they will fall (Varshneya & Sonawane, 2020). PURPOSE: To evaluate static and dynamic balance, static …

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Effects Of 14 Day E-Cigarette Exposure On Ventilation And Circulating Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines In Adolescent Rats, Alicia M. Peters, Mila Fisher, Jennifer A. Stokes Feb 2023

Effects Of 14 Day E-Cigarette Exposure On Ventilation And Circulating Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines In Adolescent Rats, Alicia M. Peters, Mila Fisher, Jennifer A. Stokes

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Electronic nicotine delivery systems or e-cigarettes are devices used to deliver vaporized liquids often containing nicotine and other chemicals. These devices were originally created as a way to assist with smoking cessation in adults; however, use of these devices is increasing in adolescent and young adult populations. Recent research suggests that exposure to the chemicals in e-cigarette vapor may cause harm to adolescent lung tissue and promote a proinflammatory immune response in the lungs. These molecular changes may lead to functional changes in terms of lung volumes or gas exchange at the respiratory membrane. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study …

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The Relationship Between 60-Yard Sprint, 30-Yard Sprint, Standardized Base Stealing Sprint, And Offensive Baseball Performance, Cheyenne B. Lavender, Andrew A. Wolfe, Chad Agor, Jackson Maynard, Ruth Caddell, Gillian Braden, Zane Badmaev, Emma Thornton, Meghan Younger Feb 2023

The Relationship Between 60-Yard Sprint, 30-Yard Sprint, Standardized Base Stealing Sprint, And Offensive Baseball Performance, Cheyenne B. Lavender, Andrew A. Wolfe, Chad Agor, Jackson Maynard, Ruth Caddell, Gillian Braden, Zane Badmaev, Emma Thornton, Meghan Younger

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Athletic performance testing protocols strive to accurately predicting or gain better understanding of an athlete’s performance within a particular sport or game. Regarding baseball, Wolfe and colleagues (2012) examined the predictive validity of the 60-yard shuttle run on pitching performance and concluded that strikeouts and innings pitched were significantly related to elevated kinetic energy factors of pitchers obtained from the shuttle run performance. Concerning for baseball position players, the 60-yard sprint (60YS) is traditionally utilized to showcase “baseball speed”, with minimal empirical evident supporting predictability to baseball specific performance outcomes. PURPOSE: The aim of the current investigation was to have …

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Combination Of Upper- And Lower-Body Resistance Exercise On Hemodynamics In Young Women, Josiah P. Alcala, Smaran Marupudi, Ryan D. Russell, Chien Ting Wu, Amanda J. Wheeler, Yu Lun Tai Feb 2023

Combination Of Upper- And Lower-Body Resistance Exercise On Hemodynamics In Young Women, Josiah P. Alcala, Smaran Marupudi, Ryan D. Russell, Chien Ting Wu, Amanda J. Wheeler, Yu Lun Tai

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Hemodynamic responses are different between upper- and lower-body resistance exercise (RE). However, different orders of combined upper- and lower-body RE on hemodynamic responses are unknown. PURPOSE: To evaluate the effects of different orders of upper-and lower-body RE on hemodynamics in young healthy women. METHODS: Seven young healthy women (22±2 years old) volunteered in the study. Heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP), cardiac output (CO), stroke volume (SV), and total peripheral resistance (TPR) were assessed using photoplethysmography at rest, 15-20 (Rec1), and 25-30 (Rec2) minutes after completion of either upper- first then lower-body RE (U-L) or lower- first …

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Cardiovascular Responses Differ Between Different Orders Of Upper- And Lower-Body Resistance Exercise, Smaran Marupudi, Ryan D. Russell, Amanda J. Wheeler, Yu Lun Tai Feb 2023

Cardiovascular Responses Differ Between Different Orders Of Upper- And Lower-Body Resistance Exercise, Smaran Marupudi, Ryan D. Russell, Amanda J. Wheeler, Yu Lun Tai

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Upper-body resistance exercise (RE) induces different cardiovascular responses compared to lower-body RE. However, combination of upper- and lower-body RE with different orders on cardiovascular responses are unclear. PURPOSE: To evaluate the effects of different orders of upper-and lower-body RE on cardiovascular responses in active men. METHODS: Thirteen active men (22±2 years old) participated in the study. Heart rate (HR), systolic and diastolic blood pressure (BP), cardiac output (CO), stroke volume (SV), and total peripheral resistance (TPR) were assessed at rest, 15-20 (R1), and 25-30 (R2) minutes after performing upper- and lower-body RE (UL) or lower- and upper-body RE (LU) …

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Sex-Specific Pre-Session Prs Difference Between Bouts Of Fatiguing Resistance Training, Gillian Braden, Andy Wolfe, Micheal Luera, Ruth Caddell, Emma Thornton, Cheyenne Lavender, Jackson Maynard, Chad Agor, Matt Laurent Feb 2023

Sex-Specific Pre-Session Prs Difference Between Bouts Of Fatiguing Resistance Training, Gillian Braden, Andy Wolfe, Micheal Luera, Ruth Caddell, Emma Thornton, Cheyenne Lavender, Jackson Maynard, Chad Agor, Matt Laurent

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

The perceived recovery status (PRS) scale, a valid psychophysiological tool, provides a scalar representation of varying levels of an individualized recovery status before or during various modes of exercise. Previous investigations recognize females as more fatigue resilient, quantified via the PRS scale, than males during repeated sprint performance. To the best of our knowledge, no investigations have examined the sex-specific PRS responses during multi-session resistance training. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to compare male and female PRS scores for multi-session fatiguing resistance training with incremental decline intersession recovery periods. METHODS: Subjects consisted of 14 trained males …

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Establishing A Predictive Equation For Anaerobic Capacity Utilizing The 300-Yard Shuttle Field Test, Emma Thornton, Andrew A. Wolfe, Ruth Caddell, Cheyenne Lavender, Gillian Braden, Jackson Maynard, Chad Agor, Summer Reflogal Feb 2023

Establishing A Predictive Equation For Anaerobic Capacity Utilizing The 300-Yard Shuttle Field Test, Emma Thornton, Andrew A. Wolfe, Ruth Caddell, Cheyenne Lavender, Gillian Braden, Jackson Maynard, Chad Agor, Summer Reflogal

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Anaerobic capacity can be tested through the Running-based Anaerobic Sprint Test (RAST), Wingate test (gold standard), and the 300-yard shuttle. While each testing is recognized as a valid method of assessing anaerobic capacity, previous investigations found no significant correlation between Wingate test and time to completion of 300-yard shuttle test. The insignificant relationship found between the 300-yard shuttle times and the Wingate outputs insinuate a need for further research investigating the correlations between these two anaerobic tests. PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to determine the influence of 300-yard shuttle measures on anaerobic capacity obtained via the Wingate …

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Fatigue Inducing Resistance Training Produces Differences In Perceived Recovery Status And Session Rate Of Perceived Exertion Responses, Ruth Caddell, Andy Wolfe Feb 2023

Fatigue Inducing Resistance Training Produces Differences In Perceived Recovery Status And Session Rate Of Perceived Exertion Responses, Ruth Caddell, Andy Wolfe

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Psychophysiological tools have gained substantial traction as methods of assessing fatigue during exercise. Borg’s rate of perceived exertion (RPE) measures exertion levels of various modes of exercise, including resistance training. The perceived recovery status (PRS) scale is recognized as an effective tool when assessing recovery following fatiguing bouts of exercise. Previous PRS and RPE sprint training research, recognized PRS decline with concurrent sRPE increases. However, the relationship between PRS and sRPE during resistance training is unknown. PURPOSE: The aim of this study is to explore the relationship between PRS and sRPE within resistance training. METHODS: Fourteen resistance trained males (n …

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Minimal Differences Between Males And Females In Exercise-Induced Increase Of Circulating T Cells Subsets In Older Adults, Seth Rinehart, Kristofer Jennings, Melissa Markofski Feb 2023

Minimal Differences Between Males And Females In Exercise-Induced Increase Of Circulating T Cells Subsets In Older Adults, Seth Rinehart, Kristofer Jennings, Melissa Markofski

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

PURPOSE: To examine potential differences between older adult males and females’ acute post-exercise circulating T cell response. METHODS: Participants were healthy older adults with an average age of 63.0 ± 1.0 years (n= 24, females = 70.8%) and BMI of 24.7 ± 0.7 kg∙m-2. All females were post-menopausal. A single bout of cardiorespiratory exercise at ~70% heart rate reserve and a separate bout of eight resistance exercises at ~70% 1 repetition maximum were conducted at least one week apart. T cell count changes were determined via blood sample at rest and immediately post-exercise for each bout. Multi-color …

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Effects Of Muscular Fatigue On Endurance Athletes During A Backyard Ultra Race: A Pilot Study, Dylon J. Miller, Christine Harrison, Jaci Davis, Mandy E. Parra Feb 2023

Effects Of Muscular Fatigue On Endurance Athletes During A Backyard Ultra Race: A Pilot Study, Dylon J. Miller, Christine Harrison, Jaci Davis, Mandy E. Parra

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Neuromuscular fatigue is a complex phenomenon that occurs during long-duration exercise. A backyard ultra-race requires participants to intermittently run laps (<1hour) for distances that ultimately surpass ultramarathon mileage. Quantifying physiological fatigue during ultramarathon races is difficult due to duration, pace, and terrain; however, vertical jump via force plate analysis is an effective field-based method to quantify neuromuscular fatigue, and may be used to further predict individual race longevity. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to measure muscular fatigue utilizing force plate analysis during a back-yard ultra-marathon. METHODS: Twelve participants were recruited from sign-up participation in a local backyard ultramarathon race. Each participant performed maximal effort countermovement jumps on the force plate. Participants were instructed to place hands on hips and perform a maximal effort jump two times with two to three seconds rest between. Jumps were collected at baseline and immediately following completion of …

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Evaluation Of Body Fat Percentage With Vertical And Longitudinal Skinfolds, Christian J. Chang, Jose M. Moris, Vineet K. Paidisetty, Alexandra Blades, Ryan Curtis, Garett Petty, Yunsuk Koh Feb 2023

Evaluation Of Body Fat Percentage With Vertical And Longitudinal Skinfolds, Christian J. Chang, Jose M. Moris, Vineet K. Paidisetty, Alexandra Blades, Ryan Curtis, Garett Petty, Yunsuk Koh

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Subcutaneous fat content, as well as body fat percentage (BF%), can be effectively assessed using skinfold calipers. While skinfolds (SFs) are practical and easy to attain, their accuracy could be reduced if the SFs are not collected with the ideal fold orientation. PURPOSE: To determine if vertical or longitudinal SFs in the trunk area are better predictors of BF%. METHODS: A pool of thirty-eight male (21.29 ± 4.59 yrs, 15.68 ± 4.82 BF%) and twenty-two female (21.14 ± 4.05 yrs, 26.63 ± 5.34 BF%) participants completed the study. A dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scan was utilized to assess BF%. …

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Sex, But Not Spontaneous Cardiovagal Baroreflex Sensitivity, Predicts Tolerance To Simulated Hemorrhage, Caitlin Jarrard, Joseph C. Watso, Zachary J. Mckenna, Josh Foster, Whitley C. Atkins, Mu Huang, Gilbert Moralez, Craig G. Crandall Feb 2023

Sex, But Not Spontaneous Cardiovagal Baroreflex Sensitivity, Predicts Tolerance To Simulated Hemorrhage, Caitlin Jarrard, Joseph C. Watso, Zachary J. Mckenna, Josh Foster, Whitley C. Atkins, Mu Huang, Gilbert Moralez, Craig G. Crandall

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Some, but not all studies, suggest that spontaneous cardiovagal baroreflex sensitivity (cBRS; i.e., autonomic control of heart rate) is lower in females. However, it is unknown whether cBRS values are associated with hemorrhagic tolerance, which has repeatedly been demonstrated to be lower in females. PURPOSE: Therefore, the purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that resting spontaneous cBRS is lower in females and that cBRS is associated with differences in hemorrhagic tolerance between the sexes. METHODS: 25 females (age: 26 ± 6 years) and 27 males (age: 30 ± 5 years) completed a progressive lower-body negative pressure (LBNP …

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Test-Retest Reliability Of Automatic And Manual Image Analyses Of Muscle Size, Carina M. Velasquez, Kealey J. Wohlgemuth, Mckenzie M. Hare, Malia N.M. Blue, Jacob A. Mota Feb 2023

Test-Retest Reliability Of Automatic And Manual Image Analyses Of Muscle Size, Carina M. Velasquez, Kealey J. Wohlgemuth, Mckenzie M. Hare, Malia N.M. Blue, Jacob A. Mota

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Brightness-mode (B-mode) ultrasound is a non-invasive imaging modality that has risen in popularity. In research settings, B-mode ultrasound is often used to assess skeletal muscle size via the quantification of the anatomical cross-sectional area (ACSA). Typically, these images are analyzed by an experienced investigator using open-source software, though it is a time-consuming process that may introduce implicit bias into the analysis. Recently, a novel, automatic ultrasound image analysis tool has been developed which may reduce bias and increase the reliability of ultrasound ACSA image analysis. PURPOSE: The purpose of the project was to compare the test-retest reliability of manual …

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