Digital Commons Network^™

Identifying Anger Through Gait And Balance Analysis Using Machine Learning Models, Samuel R. Vilmeau, Ali Boolani, Andreas Stamatis Dr., Zacharias Papadakis

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Anger may have detrimental effects on an individual's flexibility, muscle tension, and cognitive function. Gait and balance data have emerged as promising indicators for accurately identifying anger. However, the use of machine learning (ML) models in developing algorithms to predict anger levels using such data remains limited. PURPOSE: To contribute to the development of algorithms that can be used to identify individuals who are angry based on their gait and balance data. METHODS: The Profile of Mood Survey-Short Form (POMS-SF) was administered to 133 individuals (male = 50) to assess mood state, followed by the modified Clinical Test …

Impact Of Mood States On Executive Function Testing: Considerations For Sports Medicine Professionals, Eden Cormie, Ali Boolani, Zacharias Papadakis Facsm, Andreas Stamatis Facsm

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Baseline testing of executive function (EF) is frequently conducted by Sports Medicine professionals to assess post-concussion recovery in athletes. Among the neuropsychological tasks utilized for EF assessment, Serial Subtraction 3 (SS3) and 7 (SS7) are widely employed. Despite the objective nature of these tests in measuring cognition, their accuracy can be potentially impacted by mood states (e.g., anger, vigor). PURPOSE: To investigate the potential relationships between moods and performance on SS3 and SS7. METHODS: Participants (n = 198; male = 78, female = 120; Age = 37.96 ± 17.62 yrs; height = 169.70 ± 10.20 cm; weight …

Testing The Self-Verification Theory In Female Rowers Using Mental Toughness: Implications For Positive Sport Psychology, Charlotte Armstrong, Marc-Antoine D. Harris, Andreas Stamatis Facsm, Zacharias Papadakis Facsm

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Mental toughness (MT) and self-verification (SV) are constructs within Positive Psychology that have been related to well-being. A key attribute for success in sports is MT, which is under-investigated in females rowing. The SV theory proposes that individuals seek to confirm and maintain their existing self-views by selectively interacting with others who validate their beliefs. Although the relevance of this theory to Positive Sport Psychology has yet to be explored, it holds the potential to elucidate the dynamic between athletes and coaches. PURPOSE: Examine whether SV theory could explain the choices made by female rowers in selecting coaches to interact …

Effect Of Last Meal Timing On Sleep Efficiency In College Students During Covid-19, Nicole Hayes, Zacharias Papadakis Facsm, Ali Boolani, Andreas Stamatis Facsm

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Sleep efficiency (SE), the proportion of total sleep time to total time spent in bed, has established associations with various health and disease outcomes. Notably, the interval time between the last meal and bedtime has been shown to influence SE. Recent studies indicate that the COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in significant disruptions to the eating and sleeping patterns of college students. PURPOSE: To explore changes in college students’ SE in relation to the timing of their last meal and bedtime during COVID-19. METHODS: We collected data from 123 college students (m_age = 19.3 years, SD = 0.97; 58 …

Screen Time And Mental Work In College Students During Covid-19: Implications For Occupational Therapy, Gabriela Herrera, Zacharias Papadakis Facsm, Ali Boolani, Andreas Stamatis Facsm

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Due to stay-at-home orders and remote learning, the COVID-19 crisis has led to increased screen time (ST) on phone/tv among college students. Prolonged ST can negatively impact mental work (MW), which encompasses the mental processes and efforts utilized when performing tasks requiring cognitive effort and attention. During this health crisis, occupational therapists (OTs) have been working with students to improve their mental well-being and cognitive function at school, through activities and exercises designed to enhance mental capacity. Longitudinal research is still needed to fully understand the extent of the relationship between ST and MW and identify interventions that can reduce …

Ua19/16/2 Basketball Press Releases, Wku Athletic Media Relations

WKU Administration Documents

Press releases and game statistics for WKU men's basketball team from January to July 2023.

Ijes Self-Study On Participants’ Sex In Exercise Science: Sex-Data Gap And Corresponding Author Survey, Matthew J. Garver, James W. Navalta, Michel J.H. Heijnen, Dustin W. Davis, Joel D. Reece, Whitley J. Stone, Shannon R. Siegel, T. Scott Lyons

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 16(6): 364-376, 2023. A sex-data gap exists between females and males within the sport and exercise science literature, and implications are far-reaching. The purpose of this work was to (a) heed recent calls and scrutinize data from within IJES to address the gap and (b) gain insight on self-identified sex of IJES corresponding authors. The present self-study included all published manuscripts from 2008 through 2021. A total of 851 publications were included, and 806 (94.7%) reported data on participant sex. There was a difference between publications that included only females (n = 132) versus …

Reliability Of A Novel Automated Ultrasound Technology For Body Composition Assessment And Comparisons With Dual Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry, Adam Bradley, Lukus Klawitter, Emma Carver, Zach Johnson, Ryan Mcgrath, Sherri Stastny, Bryan Christensen, Kyle Hackney

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 16(4): 393-401, 2023. Body composition tools vary in reliability, portability, and accessibility. The purpose of this study was to evaluate test-retest reliability of MuscleSound® (MS) and dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) for both two compartment (region) and three compartment (tissue) models. A secondary aim was to compare body composition values produced by both devices. Fifty participants (n = 25 male, n = 25 female) aged 18-39 years completed two body composition assessments, twice in a single session. Participants arrived at the lab after a 12-hour fast. DXA required participants to lay supine for 10-15 minutes …

Training Status Impacts Metabolic Response To A High-Protein Weight Loss Diet In Recreationally Resistance-Trained Females., Alyssa A. Olenick, Regis C. Pearson, Nathan T. Jenkins

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 16(2): 377-392, 2023. This study investigated the effects of a novel high-protein diet template on postprandial metabolism and body composition (e.g., waist and hip circumference, body fat (%), fat mass, fat-free mass) in recreationally resistance-trained females. Fifteen females adhered to an eight-week high-protein dietary intervention (~1.5-1.6 g·kg^-1·day^-1) administered via template format. Pre- and post-intervention visits included anthropometrics, measurement of body composition, and an acute high-fat meal challenge. The high-fat meal challenge (61% fat) consisted of fasting postprandial blood glucose, resting metabolic rate (RMR), fat and carbohydrate oxidation assessed at 60-, 120-, …

Estimates Of Agreement Between Three Low-Cost And One High-Cost Bioelectrical Impedance Analyzers Using Classical And Contemporary Dancers., Roberto González Marenco, Martha Medina-Escobedo, Joaquín Blanco-Castillo, Jorge Euan-Zapata, Saile Chan-Kantún, José Sanguino-Pinzón José, Cinthia Gamboa-Pereyra

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 16(4): 353-363, 2023. The aim of this study was to determine the concordance between the estimates of three low-cost and one high-cost electrical bioimpedance equipment (BIA) in classical and contemporary dancers. Participation in the study included 28 subjects (15 men and 13 women) 18 to 35 years old, who perform classical and/or modern dance, thrice weekly, from 60 to 120 min per session, for 10 years or more. Those who presented any disease, consumed drugs, supplements or multivitamins; had prostheses, surgical metal parts or pacemakers, had problems maintaining the correct anatomical positions for taking measurements, …

Ua12/2/1 Fit, Wku Student Affairs

WKU Administration Documents

College Heights Herald magazine regarding fitness.

• Healthy Strawberry Lemonade Cocktail/Mocktail
• Why Nutrition Matters – Dining Services
• Dock, Emma. Like This? Try This!
• WKU Walking Routes
• Building & Maintaining Health Habits
• Sharp, Chloe. Quick Workouts to Do on a Busy Schedule
• Find Your Movement – Campus Recreation
• Wellness Navigators Help College of Health & Human Services Students Thrive
• Gym Necessities

Changes In Physical Activity During The Covid-19 Pandemic: A Mixed Methods Assessment, Andrew Corbett, Kathryn E. Wilson, Andrew Van Horn, Jessica D. Ayers, Hector Hurmuz, Athena Aktipis

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 16(5): 327-341, 2023. COVID-19 was declared a global pandemic in March 2020. Resulting containment protocols altered the day-to-day lives of people around the globe, impacting typical physical activity patterns. The purpose of this mixed-method study was to understand how physical activity changes occurred during the first few months of the COVID-19 pandemic. Participants (n = 271) completed a survey including a qualitative item asking for descriptions of how their physical activity had changed, as well as a categorical item asking whether they had become more active, stayed equally as active, or become less active …

The Effect Of A Division 1 Women’S Basketball Strength And Conditioning Protocol On Mental Toughness, Zach Olivan, Jeff Cherubini, Andreas Stamatis Dr.

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 16(5): 315-326, 2023. Mental toughness (MT) is a popularized term in sports since it has been found to be positively related to performance. Self-assessment is the most common method of MT data collection. In the strength and conditioning (S&C) context, MT research has focused on males with a notable lack of female participants. Division 1 NCAA strength and conditioning coaches (SCC) spend more hours with their athletes during offseason training than any other coach. The purpose of this study was to measure the perceived effectiveness of an off-season S&C training regimen on MT levels of …

Comparable Acute Metabolic Responses When Walking With Blood Flow Restriction And Walking With Load Carriage: Implication For Tactical Professionals, Nathan D. Dicks, Sean J. Mahoney, Allison M. Barry, Katie J. Lyman, Kyle J. Hackney

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 16(2): 304-314, 2023. The current study aimed to investigate exercise with blood flow restriction (BFR) as a low-intensity conditioning strategy in tactical professionals with load carriage. During the low-intensity exercise, researchers examined the acute metabolic responses from low-intensity BFR walking, walking with load carriage, and walking with BFR and load carriage. Twelve healthy adult males (age = 21.8 ± 1.5 yrs, height = 181.3 ± 7.2 cm, body mass = 84.4 ± 11.1 kg and BMI = 25.6 ± 2.6 kg^.m²) completed five bouts of 3-min treadmill walking at 4.8 kmh …

Effects Of Acute Bouts Of Aerobic Exercise On Adipokines In Individuals With Mid-Spectrum Chronic Kidney Disease, Tomas J. Chapman-Lopez, J. Kyle Taylor, Ricardo Torres, Li Qian, Kathy Dugan, S. Robin Latchem, Leslee K. Funderburk, Jeffrey S. Forsse

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Adipokines have been known to influence various health-related complications such as chronic kidney disease (CKD) and cardiovascular diseases. Fluctuations in adipokines are commonly seen from changes in body composition, however, some evidence shows acute changes may be seen from exercise. Individuals with CKD are commonly characterized by a decline in renal filtration and systemic inflammation. It may be possible that an acute bout of aerobic exercise may improve pro- and anti-inflammatory adipokine concentrations typically seen in individuals with moderate stages of CKD. PURPOSE: To determine the acute effects of aerobic exercise on adipokine concentrations in individuals with moderate stages …

Athletic Performance And Potential Performance-Inhibiting Factors, Hannah L. Walsh, Brittanie L. Lockard, Benjamin Garza, Julianne Domico, Terah Ege

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Collegiate athletes have complicated requirements to maximize performance. These requirements vary for each athlete depending on their unique needs; likewise, there may be several performance-inhibiting factors. PURPOSE: To assess various potential performance-inhibiting factors on Divison-1 athletes’ perception of recovery and performance. METHODS: A small sample of endurance athletes [N=16, Male=13, Age=19.44 ± 1.50, Wt (kg)=70.77 ± 8.29, LBM (kg)=63.76 ± 10.72] were recruited to complete the following tests: body composition (InBody), inflammatory symptoms screening questionnaire, perceived recovery status scale, and the sports performance satisfaction questionnaire. Correlations and linear regression models were used to elucidate any predictive relationship between …

Food Sensitives In Athletes: Whey More Common Than You May Expect?, Eve M. Clarkson Miss, Brittanie L. Lockard, Ben Garza, Julianne Damico, Terah Ege

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Food sensitives, which differ from food allergies, are caused by digestive problems to foods that may lead to symptoms such as bloating, diarrhea, constipation, fatigue, headache, joint pain, and sleep disturbances, among other issues. It is estimated that food sensitivities affect 15-20% of the US population. These are IgG antibody-mediated responses that may develop from a variety of causes such as enzymatic defects in the digestive system. Research suggests that IgG-based tests produce clinically meaningful results that aid in the development of a targeted elimination diet. In a non-athletic sample with food sensitivities, our lab previously reported that 70% of …

Pityriasis Rosea In A Female Runner, Melissa D. Long

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

CASE HISTORY: The patient was a 40-year-old, physically active, mother and teacher. She had no previous history of autoimmune disease, Shingles, or other skin disorder. She reported having Herpes Zoster (Chicken Pox) at about six years old. In this case, she reported having a bug bite superior to the right iliac crest. After two days of itching the bite appeared normal and the pruritis stopped. After 10 days, the patient reported that the bite was not resolving but was not causing any symptoms. The athlete reported that the area had become scaly. PHYSICAL EXAM: Physical exam revealed a …

Vitamin D Association With Renal Health And Filtration In Healthy Individuals Free Of Cardiometabolic Diseases: A Pilot Study, Meena K. Meiyyappan, Ricardo Torres, Tomas Chapman-Lopez, Keri Collins, Bayley Humphrey, Andrew Gallucci, Brent Dragoo, Leslee Funderburk, Panagiotis Koutakis, Jeff S. Forsse

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

The effect of vitamin D (VITD) on bone, muscle, and over health is well know in renal failure and chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, the influence of VITD on renal health and filtration (RHF) in healthy individuals is unclear. Currently, only serum creatinine concentration (sCr) methods are used to assess renal status in health individuals. However, newer biomarkers like serum Cystatin C (CyC) and urine epidermal growth factor (uEGF) show promise in evaluating baseline RHF. The impact of Vitamin D on filtration in healthy individuals of various ages is still unknown. PURPOSE: To determine the impact of VITD on RHF …

Preliminary Findings: Relationship Between Igg-Based Food Elimination And Whole-Body Inflammation, Benjamin C. Garza, Terah Ege, Fabio Cattolico, Brittanie L. Lockard

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

High levels of whole-body inflammation are associated with increased risk of poor health outcomes and chronic disease. Inflammatory symptoms (e.g., digestive, psychological, and whole-body irritation) are commonly addressed via food elimination diets, yet individual differences may exist for persons with unique immunoglobulin-G (IgG) mediated food sensitivities. Few studies have examined IgG food sensitivities using an understood biomarker of inflammation, high-sensitivity C-Reactive Protein (hsCRP). Identification of IgG mediated food sensitivities may be a feasible means for targeted-food elimination seeking to address inflammatory symptoms. PURPOSE: To assess measurable changes in primary outcomes, hsCRP and inflammatory symptomology, within subjects following an IgG …

The Usage Of Skeletal Muscle Oxygenation And Heart Rate Variability As Predictors Of Aerobic Fitness., Ricardo Torres, Tomas Chapman-Lopez, Catherine Lowry, Chris Wynveen, Panagiotis Koutakis, Jeff S. Forsse

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Heart rate variability (HRV) is used to assess the autonomic nervous system’s (ANS) activity on the heart, while skeletal muscle oxygenation (SmO2) measures how well muscles uptake oxygen from the blood. Both measurements have demonstrated strong associations with cardiorespiratory fitness and are altered with increased exercise workloads. Both have been used to assess athletic performance. While the gold standard for assessing cardiorespiratory fitness is VO2 max testing, several situations preclude the usage of a true VO2 max. Purpose: To determine if HRV and SmO2 possess predictive qualities to accurately assess cardiorespiratory fitness levels. Methods: Thirty-six healthy fit individuals (n = …

Effects Of Six Weeks Of Time-Based Intermittent Fasting On Body Composition, Metabolic Parameters In Young Adults, Suchi Prajapati, Frank Wyatt, Jaykuvarba Kher

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

A growing number of people are using intermittent fasting (IF) as a dietary strategy for weight loss and general wellness. PURPOSE: The aim of the current study was to investigate how a time-restricted IF approach will affect overweight and obese young adults for six (6) weeks. METHODS: Twenty-five (n=25) individuals between the ages of 18-29 y were recruited through university banners and were randomly assigned to two groups; Group A and Group B. Each group fasted for 16 hours each. Group A fasted from 8pm to 12pm and Group B fasted from 4pm to 8am. Subjects were tested …

Hoffa’S Fat Pad Impingement And Medial Plica Syndrome, Meron Ibrahim, Vered Arbel, Ankur Verma, Tal Amasay

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

CASE HISTORY: The patient is a 27-year-old female that presented with ongoing right knee pain. She stated that she has been dealing with knee pain for approximately five years. Pain is constant with activities of daily living and running, aching during rest and throbbing during activity. She recalled that the initial pain started after running a half marathon. Pain was relieved with rest and elevation and progressively decreased with physical therapy until reaggravating it with no specific cause. Anti-inflammatory creams and medication had minimal effect on pain reduction. PHYSICAL EXAM: Significant tenderness to palpation along the proximal patellar …

Adiposity And High-Density Lipoprotein Are Reflective Of Blood Pressure Among Individuals Without Hypertension, Joshua Labadah, Jehu Apaflo, Gabriel Narvaez, Victoria Rocha, Sudip Bajpeyi

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Obesity and abnormal lipid profiles have been linked to hypertension and other cardiometabolic risks. Early identification of cardiovascular risks factors in healthy individuals is important for disease prevention and maintaining a high quality of life. PURPOSE: This study sought to determine whether adiposity and lipid profile in a non-hypertensive, otherwise healthy population, is associated with blood pressure, a hallmark of cardiovascular disease risk. METHODS: Seventy-seven individuals (34 males 43 females; age 25.4 ±7.7 years; BMI 27.2 ± 5.2 kg/m²) without hypertension (systolic blood pressure (SBP) 110.3 ± 10.3 mmHg; diastolic blood pressure (DBP) 71.48 ± 7.93 …

The Effect On Carbon Dioxide Production During Maximal Exercise With Distinct Breathing Mechanisms, Vineet K. Paidisetty, Jose M. Moris, Alexandra Blades, Ryan Curtis, Christian J. Chang, Garret Petty, Yunsuk Koh

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Nasal breathing (NB) may lead to lower maximal oxygen uptake (VO_2max) compared to oral breathing (OB) or nasal/oral combined breathing (CB) due to a transient increase in the systemic concentration of carbon dioxide (CO₂) that can replicate the effects of a hypoxic environment. The exercise intensity at which NB can elicit this response is poorly understood. PURPOSE: To examine the increase in the fractional rate of exhaled CO₂ (FECO₂) and FEO₂ with different breathing conditions during a graded maximal aerobic exercise test (GXT). METHODS: Eight healthy males (21.88 ± 0.46 years) completed …

Effect Of Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation On Fasting Blood Glucose In Sedentary Overweight And Obese Population, Ali Mossayebi, Jehu N. Apaflo, Gabriel Navarez, Joshua Labadah, Victoria Rocha, Heyjin Jung, Kisuk Min, Andrew Mcainch, Sudip Bajpeyi

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Glucose is a vital source of energy for muscle contraction, and it is essential for health that glucose is properly metabolized. The rate of glucose metabolism in the contracting skeletal muscles increases rapidly as a result of exercise. Neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) may be used as an alternative for muscle contraction in those who are physically unable or unwilling to exercise, such as those with excessive obesity, functional limitations, and other mobility impairments. PURPOSE: To determine the effect of NMES induced muscle contraction on fasting blood glucose level. METHODS: Eighteen participants without diabetes were recruited in the study …

The Impact Of Nasal Breathing During Exercise On Cerebral Blood Flow, Jose M. Moris, Christian J. Chang, Vineet K. Paidisetty, Alexandra Blades, Ryan Curtis, Garett Petty, Yunsuk Koh

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Achieving hypercapnic-induced vasodilation while exercising can increase cerebral blood flow (CBF) to a greater extent than during normoxic conditions. Evidence suggests that nasal breathing during a maximal aerobic effort can elicit a hypercapnic condition. PURPOSE: To compare the effect of combined (CB), oral (OB), and nasal (NB) breathing on CBF during a graded maximal exercise test (GXT). METHODS: Six healthy males (age: 21.83 ± 1.00 years) abstained from physical activity and caffeine for 12+ hours prior to a GXT. Three GXTs were performed (48+ hours between each trial) using a different randomized breathing condition (CB, OB, and NB). After a …

Autophagy Is Required For Mtor-Mediated Anabolism In Skeletal Muscle, Patrick Ryan, Sean Stanelle, Megan Humphries, Colleen L. O'Reilly, Selina Uranga, Jessica M. Cardin, James D. Fluckey

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

PURPOSE: While much has been discovered about the role autophagy in protein degradation, recent evidence suggests that autophagy is required for muscular adaptations to exercise, hinting at a hitherto unknown cross-talk between autophagic proteolysis and muscle protein anabolism. Here, we set out to further elucidate the metabolic mechanisms by which autophagy may influence protein anabolism. METHODS: L6 myoblasts received either electrical pulse stimulation (EPS) to induce muscle contraction or were unstimulated to serve as controls, and were then treated with an inhibitor of the ATG4 enzyme which catalyzes the initial step of autophagy NSC185058 (NSC, 100 μM) or DMSO as …

Body Composition And Blood Biomarkers Correlate With Muscle Strength And Anaerobic Performance, Enrique Rios, Giles J. Andrews Iii, Matthew P. Gonzalez, Emily Getreu, Andres Acuna, Natalia Taha, Kelly Cheever, Ciara Floyd, Sandor Dorgo, Tianou Zhang

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Blood biomarkers and body composition are sensitive indicators to monitor and predict performance in the athletic population. The analysis of these markers can help monitor progression in athletes competing in aerobic and anaerobic sports; however, it is unclear which biomarkers are associated with muscle strength and anaerobic performance. PURPOSE: To explore the correlations of body composition and blood biomarkers with muscle strength and power tests of the countermovement jump (CMJ), broad jump (BJ), isometric mid-thigh pulls (IMTP), hand grip strength (HGS), and the Wingate anaerobic test. METHODS: This study recruited nine collegiate intramural sports club students (Height=171.43±10.05 cm, …

Macronutrients For High And Low Injury Risk Collegiate Rodeo Athletes Compared To Recommended Dietary Allowances, Jessie Ramirez, Andy Wolfe, Bailee Cooper, Ruth Caddell

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Rodeo is a high-intensity, intermittent sport in nature unlike popular American sports. The production of empirical research outlining the physical demands and ideal training methods connected to rodeo and improving performance has not matched the rate of growth the sport of rodeo has experienced. Particularly regarding nutritional recommendations, limited research explains nutrition and its role in injury prevention and the process of recovery in rodeo athletes. PURPOSE: The purpose was to investigate the differences of macronutrients between high risk and low risk of injury in rodeo athletes compared to recommended daily allowances (RDA). METHODS: College rodeo athletes from …