Digital Commons Network^™

Global Climate Change And Invariable Photoperiods: A Mismatch That Jeopardizes Animal Fitness, William H. Walker Ii, Olga Hecmarie Meléndez‐Fernández, Randy J. Nelson, Russel J. Reiter

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

The Earth's surface temperature is rising, and precipitation patterns throughout the Earth are changing; the source of these shifts is likely anthropogenic in nature. Alterations in temperature and precipitation have obvious direct and indirect ef‐ fects on both plants and animals. Notably, changes in temperature and precipita‐ tion alone can have both advantageous and detrimental consequences depending on the species. Typically, production of offspring is timed to coincide with optimal food availability; thus, individuals of many species display annual rhythms of reproductive function. Because it requires substantial time to establish or re‐establish reproduc‐ tive function, individuals cannot depend on the …

Modeling Human Cancer-Induced Cachexia, Erin E. Talbert, Maria C. Cuitin˜ O, Katherine J. Ladner, Priyani V. Rajasekerea, Melissa Siebert, Reena Shakya, Gustavo W. Leone, Michael C. Ostrowski, Brain Paleo, Noah Weisleder, Peter J. Reiser, Amy Webb, Cynthia D. Timmers, Daniel S. Eiferman, David C. Evans, Mary E. Dilhoff, Carl R. Schmidt

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Talbert et al. developed an inducible mouse model of cachexia caused by pancreatic cancer. This model exhibits features of the human condition, including the progressive depletion of muscle and adipose tissue associated with tumor progression.

Characterization And Localization Of Cyclin B3 Transcript In Both Oocyte And Spermatocyte Of The Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus Mykiss), Wenzhi Guan, Liangjie Qiu, Bo Zhang, Jianbo Yao, Qing Xiao, Gaofeng Qiu

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

B-type cyclins are regulatory subunits with distinct roles in the cell cycle. To date, at least three subtypes of B-type cyclins (B1, B2, and B3) have been identified in vertebrates. Previously, we reported the characterization and expression profiles of cyclin B1 and B2 during gametogenesis in the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). In this paper, we isolated another subtype of cyclin B, cyclin B3 (CB3), from a cDNA library of the rainbow trout oocyte. The full-length CB3 cDNA (2,093 bp) has an open reading frame (1,248 bp) that encodes a protein of 416 amino acid residues. The CB3 transcript …

West Virginia Food Dessert Summit Program, West Virginia University Davis College Of Agriculture, Natural Resources And Design, West Virginia University School Of Public Health, West Virginia University Extension Service, Wvu Foundation, Usda Natural Resources Conservation Service

West Virginia Food Desert Summit 2019

Program from the 2019 West Virginia Food Desert Summit, held in Bridgeport, WV on December 10, 2019.

West Virginia Food Desert Summit 2019 Final Report, Lauri Andress, Fourth Economy

West Virginia Food Desert Summit 2019

West Virginia University (WVU) Davis College of Agriculture and School of Public Health, with assistance from the USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS), have been working to identify the structural factors that create food deserts or serve as barriers to food security in West Virginia. This group has hosted a series of meetings since 2018 that have brought together key players and existing committed groups with a perspective on food deserts to 1) identify factors limiting access and opportunities to attain nutritious, affordable, and acceptable food, and 2) generate a prioritized list of strategies that actors in the state can …

Using Ripple Effects Maps To Identify Story Threads: A Framework To Link Private To Public Value, Jane E. Haskell, Barbara A. Baker, Melissa D. Olfert, Sarah E. Colby, Lisa D. Franzen-Castle, Kendra K. Kattelmann, Adrienne A. White

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Extension professionals must demonstrate organizational value to garner public awareness and support. Measuring and communicating outcomes that have public value can be challenging. In this study, Ripple Effects Mapping incorporating the Community Capitals Framework was used to evaluate a childhood obesity prevention study, iCook 4-H, of youth-adult pairs in Maine. The objective was to describe the process of generating impact statements through story threads about program benefits to the participants and the potential benefits to nonparticipants, such as family members, friends, and other community members. Extension professionals can use storylines, or story threads, as a qualitative research technique to generate …

In Vivo Gene Essentiality And Metabolism In Bordetella Pertussis, Laura A. Gonyar, Patrick E. Gelbach, Dennis G. Mcduffe, Alexander F. Koeppel, Qing Chen, Gloria Lee, Louise M. Temple, Scott Stibitz, Erik L. Hewlwtt, Jason A. Papin, F. Heath Damron, Joshua C. Eby

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Bordetella pertussis is the causative agent of whooping cough, a serious respiratory illness affecting children and adults, associated with prolonged cough and potential mortality. Whooping cough has reemerged in recent years, emphasizing a need for increased knowledge of basic mechanisms of B. pertussis growth and pathogenicity. While previous studies have provided insight into in vitro gene essentiality of this organism, very little is known about in vivo gene essentiality, a critical gap in knowledge, since B. pertussis has no previously identified environmental reservoir and is isolated from human respiratory tract samples. We hypothesize that the metabolic capabilities of B. pertussis …

A Multi-Year Examination Of Gardening Experience And Fruit And Vegetable Intake During College, Daniel Staub, Sarah E. Colloy, Melissa D. Olfert, Kendra Kattleman, Wenjun Zhou, Tanya M. Horacek, Geoffrey W. Greene, Ivana Radosavljevic, Lisa Franzen-Castle, Anne E. Mathews

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Gardening has been positively associated with fruit and vegetable (FV) consumption based on short-term studies among children, but long-term data among adolescents and young adults are lacking. This investigation sought to elucidate the association between gardening experience and FV intake among college students over a two-year period. Students (N = 593) from eight universities were assessed at the end of their freshman (Y1) and sophomore (Y2) years during the springs of 2016 and 2017, respectively. At each time point, participants completed the NCI FV Screener and questions related to gardening experience and FV-related attitudes and behaviors. Students were then categorized …

The Icook 4-H Study: An Intervention And Dissemination Test Of A Youth/Adult Out-Of-School Program, Adrienne A. White, Sarah E. Colby, Lisa Franzen-Castle, Kendra K. Kattelmann, Melissa D. Olfert, Tara A. Gould, Rebecca L. Hagedorn, Douglas R. Mathews, Jonathan Moyer, Kimberly Wilson, Kathryn Yerxa

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Objective

To describe outcomes from intervention and dissemination of iCook 4-H.

Design

Five-state, community-based participatory research and a randomized, controlled trial followed by a 5-state, nonrandomized dissemination test of the iCook 4-H curriculum with control and treatment groups.

Setting

Community and university sites.

Participants

Youths aged 9–10 years and their adult food preparer; 228 dyads in the intervention and 74 dyads in dissemination.

Intervention(s)

Theoretical frameworks were Social Cognitive Theory and the experiential 4-H learning model. Six 2-hour, biweekly sessions on cooking, eating, and playing together followed by monthly newsletters and boosters until 24 months, expanded to 8 sessions …

Development And Validation Of The Policies, Opportunities, Initiatives And Notable Topics (Points) Audit For Campuses And Worksites, Tanya M. Horacek, Marlei Simon, Elif D. Yildirim, Adrienne A. White, Karla P. Shelnutt, Kristin Riggsbee, Melissa D. Olfert, Jesse S. Morrell, Anne E. Matthews, Wenjun Zhou, Tandalayo Kidd, Kendra Kattlemann, Geoffrey Greene, Lisa Frazen-Casstle, Sarah Colby, Carol Byrd-Bredbenner, Onikia Brown

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Background: Workplace or campus wellness/obesity-prevention policies and initiatives can improve health. Research tools to assess worksite or campus policies/initiatives are scarce. Thus, the aim of this research is to develop and validate the policies, opportunities, initiatives, and notable topics (POINTS) audit. Methods: POINTS was developed and refined via expert review, pilot-testing, and field testing. Trained researchers completed a web-based review from a student-focus or employee-focus regarding 34 health-promoting topics for colleges. Each topic was evaluated on a 0–2 scale: 0 = no policy/initiative, 1 = initiatives, 2 = written policy. When a written policy was detected, additional policy support questions …

Cooking And Meal Planning As Predictors Of Fruit And Vegetable Intake And Bmi In First-Year College Students, Andrea J. Hanson, Kendra K. Kattleman, Lacey A. Mccormack, Wenjun Zhou, Onikia N. Brown, Tanya M. Horacek, Karla P. Shelnutt, Tandalayo Kidd, Audrey Opoku-Acheampong, Lisa D. Franzen-Castle, Melissa D. Olfert, Sarah E. Colby

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

The objective was to determine if cooking skills and meal planning behaviors are associated with greater fruit and vegetable intake and lower body mass index (BMI) in first-year college students who are at risk for excessive weight gain. A cross-sectional analysis was conducted using baseline data from a multi-state research project aimed at preventing weight gain in first-year college students. Cooking type, frequency and confidence, self-instruction for healthful mealtime behavior intention, self-regulation of healthful mealtime behavior, and cup equivalents of fruits and vegetables (FV) were measured using validated surveys. BMI was calculated from measured height and weight. First-year students (n …

The Icook 4-H Study: Report On Physical Activity And Sedentary Time In Youth Participating In A Multicomponent Program Promoting Family Cooking, Eating, And Playing Together, Kendra K. Kattelmann, Jessica R. Meendering, Emily J. Hofer, Chase M. Merfeld, Melissa D. Olfert, Rebeca L. Hagedorn, Sarah E. Colby, Lisa Franzen-Castle, Jonathan Moyer, Douglas R. Mathews, Adrienne A. White

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Objective

To report physical activity and sedentary time outcomes of youth in iCook 4-H.

Study Design and Setting

iCook 4-Hwas a 5-state, randomized, control–treatment, family-based childhood obesity prevention intervention promoting cooking, eating, and playing together.

Participants and Intervention

Youth aged 9–10 years and the main preparer of their meals participated in the 12-week program followed by monthly newsletters and biyearly booster sessions until 24 months.

Main Outcome Measure(s)

A total of 155 youth were fitted with an Actigraph GT3X+ accelerometer, which they wore for 7 days at baseline and 4, 12, and 24 months to measure mean daily …

Enhanced Neutrophil Extracellular Trap Formation In Acute Pancreatitis Contributes To Disease Severity And Is Reduced By Chloroquine, Pranav Murthy, Aatur D. Singhi, Mark A. Ross, Patricia Loughran, Pedram Paragomi, Georgios I. Papachristou, David C. Whitcomb, Amer H. Zureikat, Michael T. Lotze, Herbert J. Zeh, Brian A. Boone

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Background: Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are generated when activated neutrophils, driven by PAD4, release their DNA, histones, HMGB1, and other intracellular granule components. NETs play a role in acute pancreatitis, worsening pancreatic inflammation, and promoting pancreatic duct obstruction. The autophagy inhibitor chloroquine (CQ) inhibits NET formation; therefore, we investigated the impact of CQ mediated NET inhibition in murine models of pancreatitis and human correlative studies.

Methods: L-arginine and choline deficient ethionine supplemented (CDE) diet models of acute pancreatitis were studied in wild type and PAD4−/− mice, incapable of forming NETs. Isolated neutrophils were stimulated to induce NET formation and visualized …

Prevalence And Correlates Of Food Insecurity Among U.S. College Students: A Multi-Institutional Study, Aseel El Zein, Karla P. Shelnutt, Sarah Colby, Melissa J. Vilaro, Wenjun Zhou, Geoffrey Greene, Melissa D. Olfert, Kristin Riggsbee, Jesse Stabile Morrell, Anne E. Mathews

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Background: College students may be vulnerable to food insecurity due to limited financial resources, decreased buying power of federal aid, and rising costs of tuition, housing, and food. This study assessed the prevalence of food insecurity and its sociodemographic, health, academic, and food pantry correlates among first-year college students in the United States. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among first-year students (n = 855) across eight U.S. universities. Food security status was assessed using the U.S. Department of Agriculture Adult Food Security Survey Module. Cohen’s Perceived Stress Scale, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and Eating Attitudes Test-26 were used to …

Development Of The Icook 4-H Curriculum For Youth And Adults: Cooking, Eating, And Playing Together For Childhood Obesity Prevention, Lisa Franzen-Castle, Sarah E. Colby, Kendra K. Kattelmann, Melissa D. Olfert, Douglas R. Mathews, Kathryn Yerxa, Barbara Baker, Michelle Krehbiel, Tracey Lehrke, Kimberly Wilson, Sue M. Flanagan, Amber Ford, Trina Aguirre, Adrienne A. White

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

The objective was to describe the development process of a curriculum (iCook 4-H) targeted to low-income, rural, and/or diverse youths and their adult primary meal preparer to promote cooking, eating, and playing together. Lessons learned highlighted the importance of grounding the curriculum in Social Cognitive Theory and applying the experiential 4-H learning model using a multiphased, community-based participatory approach with cyclical development and evaluation, and key modifications made for dissemination and distribution. Findings across 4 testing phases over 6 years and 5 states demonstrated the time-intensive, cyclical process that required flexibility with fidelity to form a hands-on, interactive …

Mutualist-Provisioned Resources Impact Vector Competency, Rita V. M. Rio, Anna K. S. Jozwick, Amy F. Savage, Afsoon Sabet, Aurelien Vigneron, Yineng Wu, Serap Aksoy, Brian L. Weiss

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

ABSTRACT Many symbionts supplement their host’s diet with essential nutrients. However, whether these nutrients also enhance parasitism is unknown. In this study, we investigated whether folate (vitamin B9) production by the tsetse fly (Glossina spp.) essential mutualist, Wigglesworthia, aids auxotrophic African trypanosomes in completing their life cycle within this obligate vector. We show that the expression of Wigglesworthia folate biosynthesis genes changes with the progression of trypanosome infection within tsetse. The disruption of Wigglesworthia folate production caused a reduction in the percentage of flies that housed midgut (MG) trypanosome infections. However, decreased folate did not prevent MG trypanosomes from migrating …

Evaluation Of The Interrater Reliability Of End-Of-Life Medical Orders In The Physician Orders For Life-Sustaining Treatment Form, Gustavo Bigaton Lovadini, Fernanda Bono Fukushima, Joao Francisco Lindenberg Schoueri, Roberto Dos Reis, Cecilia Guimaraes Ferreira Fonseca, Jahaira Jeanainne Casanova Rodriguez, Cauana Silva Coelho, Adriele Ferreira Neves, Aniela Maria Rodrigues, Marina Almeida Marques, Alessandro Ferrari Jacinto, Karren Harrison Denning, Rick Bassett, Alvin H. Moss, Karl E. Steinberg, Edison Iglesias De Oliveira Vidal

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

IMPORTANCE Despite its spread in much of the United States and increased international interest, the Physician Orders for Life-Sustaining Treatment (POLST) paradigm still lacks supporting evidence. The interrater reliability of the POLST form to translate patients’ values and preferences into medical orders for care at the end of life remains to be studied. OBJECTIVE To assess the interrater reliability of the medical orders documented in POLST forms. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This cross-sectional study was conducted in a public university hospital in southeastern Brazil. Two independent researchers interviewed the same patients or decision-making surrogates (n = 64) during a single …

The Effect Of Maternal Diet With Fish Oil On Oxidative Stress And Inflammatory Response In Sow And New-Born Piglets, W. L. Luo, Z. Luo, X. Xu, S. Zhao, S. H. Li, T. Sho, J. Yao, J. Zhang, W. N. Xu, J. X. Xu

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Pregnancy is an oxidative stress and immune challenge for the mother. Fish oil is rich in EPA and DHA, which can partly inhibit aspects of inflammation and restore antioxidant capacity. In the present study, we investigated the effect of maternal diet with fish oil during the late gestation period on oxidative stress and inflammatory response in sows and their progenies. Twelve second-parity sows were allocated equally into two groups. Sows were fed either the soybean oil diet (SD) or soybean oil+fish oil diet (FD) during the gestation period. The plasma of sows, cord blood, and new-born piglets were collected. Full-term …

Dissemination Using Infographic Reports Depicting Program Impact Of A Community-Based Research Program: Eb4cast In Icook 4-H, Melissa D. Olfert, Rebecca L. Hagedorn, Makenzie L. Barr, Sarah E. Colby, Kendra K. Kattelmann, Lisa Franzen-Castle, Adrienne A. White

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Objective

To evaluate barriers to dissemination and implementation and perceptions of the Evidence-Based Forecast Capture, Assemble, Sustain, Timelessness (eB4CAST) dissemination infographic tool as part of iCook 4-Hdissemination.

Design

Online surveys and phone interviews.

Participants

Experts (n = 35) in community research completed the survey; 13 completed the interview.

Main Outcomes Measure

Experts’ perceptions of eB4CAST reports used for iCook 4-Hdissemination.

Analysis

Frequency and thematic analysis.

Results

Survey respondents agreed (85%) that the eB4CAST infographic provided a clear understanding of iCook 4-Hand relevant information (83%). Statistics included in the infographic were reported as easily understood (66%). Respondents (83%) …

Ripple Effect Mapping Outcomes Of A Childhood Obesity Prevention Program From Youth And Adult Dyads Using A Qualitative Approach: Icook 4-H, Melissa D. Olfert, Sina J. King, Rebecca L. Hagedorn, Makenzie L. Barr, Barbara A. Baker, Sarah E. Colby, Kendra K. Kattelmann, Lisa Franzen-Castle, Adrienne A. White

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Objective

Design

Setting

Participants …

Feasibility Of A Mhealth Approach To Nutrition Counseling In An Appalachian State, Melissa D. Olfert, Makenzie L. Barr, Rebecca L. Hagedorn, Dustin M. Long, Treah S. Haggerty, Mathew Weimer, Joseph Golden, Mary Ann Maurer, Jill D. Cochran, Tracy Hendershot, Stacey L. Whanger, Jay D. Mason, Sally L. Hodder

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Abstract: West Virginia is a rural state with an aging population that may experience barriers to accessing nutritional and lifestyle counseling. This study examined feasibility of an online personalized nutrition tracking application, Good Measures (GM), with patients at seven health care clinics throughout the state. Fourteen healthcare providers and 64 patients 18 years or older with a Body Mass Index (BMI) greater than or equal to 30 and access to the Internet were recruited for this 12-week feasibility study. Patient participants logged meals and exercise into the GM application via smart phone, tablet, or computer and virtually engaged with a …

Choice Architecture In Appalachian High Schools: Evaluating And Improving Cafeteria Environments, Melissa D. Olfert, Rebecca L. Hagedorn, Emily N. Clegg, Shannon Ackerman, Cheryl Brown

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

School meals are a primary source of nutrition for many adolescents. Determining factors that influence the selection of various foods can provide insight on strategies to improve students’ cafeteria choices. This evaluation and observation was conducted at three Appalachian high schools to assess the cafeteria environment. The study developed and implemented an assessment tool created using principles of choice architecture and behavioral economics building on the work of the Cornell Center for Behavioral Economics in Child Nutrition Programs (BEN Center). The assessment tool scored eight components of the lunchroom—the exterior, hot serving area, cold serving area, salad bar, beverage area, …

Expenditure, Coping, And Academic Behaviors Among Food-Insecure College Students At 10 Higher Education Institutes In The Appalachian And Southeastern Regions, Rebecca L. Hagedorn, Laura H. Mcarthur, Lanae B. Hood, Maureen Berner, Elizabeth T. Anderson Steeves, Carol L. Connell, Elizabeth Wall-Bassett, Marsha Spence, Oyinlola Toyin Babatunde, E Brooke Kelly, Julia F. Waity, J Porter Lillis, Melissa D. Olfert

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Background

A number of studies have measured college student food insecurity prevalence higher than the national average; however, no multicampus regional study among students at 4-y institutions has been undertaken in the Appalachian and Southeast regions of the United States.

Objectives

The aims of this study were to determine the prevalence of food insecurity among college students in the Appalachian and Southeastern regions of the United States, and to determine the association between food-insecurity status and money expenditures, coping strategies, and academic performance among a regional sample of college students.

Methods

This regional, cross-sectional, online survey study included 13,642 college …

Evaluability Assessment Of “Growing Healthy Communities,” A Mini-Grant Program To Improve Access To Healthy Foods And Places For Physical Activity, Christiaan G. Abildso, Angela Dyer, Shay M. Daily, Thomas K. Bias

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Mini-grants have been used to stimulate multisector collaboration in support of public health initiatives by funding non-traditional partners, such as economic development organizations. Such mini-grants have the potential to increase access to healthy foods and places for physical activity through built environment change, especially in small and rural towns in the United States. Although a promising practice, few mini-grant evaluations have been done. Therefore, our purpose was to conduct an Evaluability Assessment (EA), which is a process that can help promising programs that lack evidence advance toward full-scale evaluation. Specifically, we conducted an Evaluability Assessment of a statewide mini-grant program, …

Senior Farmers Market Nutrition Program Fund, Glenna Rose Sprenger

Honors Projects

No abstract provided.

Stockpiling Tall Fescue For Deferred Grazing, Edward Barrow Rayburn

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

WVU-Extension fact sheet

2019 Symposium Brochure

Programs

No abstract provided.

Differences In Soil Bacterial Diversity After Treatment With Benzyl Isothiocyanate, An Allelopathic Secondary Metabolite Derivative Of Alliaria Petiolata (Garlic Mustard), Samantha Pagel

Undergraduate Student Research

The species, Alliaria petiolata (garlic mustard), has overtaken the understory of North American forests for over a century, but how the plant has become invasively successful is not well understood. There is some indication that the secretion and breakdown of its allelopathic metabolic compounds, known as glucosinolates, contribute to its success. Benzyl isothiocyanate, an end product of garlic mustard glucosinolate breakdown, has been found in previous studies to inhibit seed germination and the growth of certain mycorrhizal fungi species. Soil bacterial communities, in addition to fungi, play an important role in the surrounding abiotic and biotic environment. This study aims …

Characterization Of Ovine Monocytes In Response To Haemonchus Contortus Larvae In Vitro And A Novel Role Of Interleukin-13 Inducing Larval Paralysis, Elizabeth Shepherd

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Haemonchus contortus is a hematophagous, gastrointestinal parasite affecting small ruminants. Parasitism by H. contortus is the greatest concern of sheep producers in the United States and accounts for billions of dollars in economic loss worldwide. However, different breeds of sheep display differences n natural resistance to H. contortus. St. Croix hair sheep have a remarkable ability to clear H. contortus without the aid of anthelmintics and develop a robust T helper type 2 (Th2) immune response, preventing establishment of infective stage 3 larvae (L3), when compared to susceptible Suffolk sheep. However, the mechanism of development of immune response and …

Evaluating The Impact Of An Intervention To Promote Empathy For Patients With Substance Use Disorder In A Rural Emergency Department, Theresa Poling

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Background

Negative attitudes of health professionals towards patients with SUD are common and contribute to suboptimal health care for this marginalized group of patients (Van-Boekel, Brouwers, Van-Weeghel & Garretson, 2013).

Objectives

Promoting empathy in the Emergency Department (ED) has the potential to increase nursing staff’s awareness of their attitudes and perceptions toward patients with SUD, thereby decreasing the stigma associated with addiction and improving patient care and patient outcomes. The rationale for implementing this project was to evaluate a tool to promote empathy. This tool was developed by the student researcher based on a literature search and analysis.

Design

This …