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Articles 1531 - 1560 of 1943

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Types Of Hardware And Software In Use And Problems Associated With Their Use In Secondary Agricultural Education Programs In West Virginia, David T. Aberegg May 2004

Types Of Hardware And Software In Use And Problems Associated With Their Use In Secondary Agricultural Education Programs In West Virginia, David T. Aberegg

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Microcomputers have become a vital tool in business, industry, and education. The level and the amount of education that students in West Virginia receive in secondary agricultural classes on microcomputers can affect their ability to compete for jobs and in college curriculums. For agriculture programs to produce quality graduates ready to meet the demands of today's work place, they must have up-to-date microcomputing hardware and software. This study examined the accessibility to computers by teachers of agriculture education in West Virginia. A survey was sent to 74 agriculture education departments in West Virginia. The results showed that most departments are …

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Calf Performance Related To Pasture Quality And Supplements, Edward Barrow Rayburn, Marcella A. Whetsell, Phill Osborne May 2004

Calf Performance Related To Pasture Quality And Supplements, Edward Barrow Rayburn, Marcella A. Whetsell, Phill Osborne

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

WVU-Extension fact sheet

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Nutrient Intake Of Wic Participants Ages 6--28 Months Compared To Dietary Reference Intakes, Kara L. Turner May 2004

Nutrient Intake Of Wic Participants Ages 6--28 Months Compared To Dietary Reference Intakes, Kara L. Turner

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Consuming the proper amounts of nutrients is important in each stage of life. Infants and toddlers especially need to consume the right amounts of nutrients for optimal growth and development. This study examined the nutrient intake and dietary variety of infants and toddlers ages 6--28 months enrolled in the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children. The data were collected from 87 participants in ten rural West Virginia counties. The two age groups analyzed were 6--11.9 months and 12--28 months.;Two multi-pass 24-hour dietary recalls were obtained from caregivers of the child. These recalls were compared to the current …

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Use Of A Token Economy To Increase Exercise In Children With Cystic Fibrosis, Rebecca S. Bernard May 2004

Use Of A Token Economy To Increase Exercise In Children With Cystic Fibrosis, Rebecca S. Bernard

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Cystic fibrosis is a chronic illness that affects several major organ systems, primarily the respiratory system and the exocrine glands of the pancreatic system. The treatment regimen is extensive (e.g., medications, vitamins, high fat diet, airway clearance sessions). Although adherence to medications is high, adherence to the airway clearance techniques (chest physiotherapy and exercise) is less consistent. Increasing exercise adherence is of utmost importance because pulmonary difficulties are associated with the highest mortality rate and exercise is more beneficial than other airway clearance methods. Despite this, very little research has focused on increasing exercise adherence in this population. The purpose …

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Evaluation Of Time Out-Based Discipline Strategy To Manage Children's Noncompliance With Cystic Fibrosis Treatment, Catherine Bradford Mcclellan May 2004

Evaluation Of Time Out-Based Discipline Strategy To Manage Children's Noncompliance With Cystic Fibrosis Treatment, Catherine Bradford Mcclellan

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Cystic Fibrosis (CF) is a chronic, terminal illness that requires intensive, time-consuming, and sometimes painful treatment for optimal health and longevity. Given the complex and aversive nature of treatment, children with CF frequently develop avoidance behaviors resulting in noncompliance to parents' treatment requests. The purpose of this study was to use a single-subject reversal design to compare children's compliance with parents' typical strategies to children's compliance when a time out based discipline strategy is in effect. Participants were two children who displayed noncompliant behavior to their parent's treatment requests. Outcome measures included parent and child behaviors as assessed by an …

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Assessment Of The Learning Styles Of Students At The Eastern Caribbean Institute Of Agriculture And Forestry, Centeno, Trinidad And Tobago And Identification Of Teaching Methods Used By Instructors, Cynthia Marie Burskey May 2004

Assessment Of The Learning Styles Of Students At The Eastern Caribbean Institute Of Agriculture And Forestry, Centeno, Trinidad And Tobago And Identification Of Teaching Methods Used By Instructors, Cynthia Marie Burskey

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

An issue in higher education is to create a learning environment that is both positive and effective. With teaching methods that take into account all the learning styles within the classroom, a teacher can make the atmosphere of the classroom more conducive to learning. This study sought to determine if the teachers at the Eastern Caribbean Institute of Agriculture and Forestry, Centeno, Trinidad and Tobago (ECIAF) were using instructional methods that facilitated learning in their students. A two-phase study was utilized. Phase I used a descriptive survey to determine the learning styles of 36 first-year students at ECIAF. Phase II …

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Maternal Diabetes And Perinatal Outcomes, Rachael E. Gainor May 2004

Maternal Diabetes And Perinatal Outcomes, Rachael E. Gainor

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Diabetes is a serious problem in the nation and in the state of West Virginia (WV). Having diabetes during pregnancy has been associated with several negative perinatal outcomes. This study was done to test the hypothesis that women with diabetes would have more negative perinatal outcomes than those who do not. A secondary hypothesis was women with pre-gestational diabetes would have more negative perinatal outcomes than women with gestational diabetes.;Data were analyzed for the years 2001 and 2002 on all babies born to mothers enrolled in the West Virginia Medicaid program. Data for those two years were analyzed using three …

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Factors Affecting Iron Status Among Infants Age 6--24 Months, Christopher Melonas May 2004

Factors Affecting Iron Status Among Infants Age 6--24 Months, Christopher Melonas

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Iron deficiency has been shown to have a multitude of negative effects on the growing infant. The diet plays a key role in alleviating iron deficiency within a younger population. The objective of this study was to search out specific nutrients in the diet that have some affect on iron status in a population of infants age 6 to 24 months.;This was a cross-sectional study that included 57 rural infants who participated in the WIC program. Dietary intake data was collected by 2 multiple-pass 24-hour intakes done 3 to 4 days apart. Blood was collected by venipuncture and analyzed for …

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Using The Early Childhood Environmental Rating Scale As A Tool For Classroom Improvement, Brittany K. Lucci May 2004

Using The Early Childhood Environmental Rating Scale As A Tool For Classroom Improvement, Brittany K. Lucci

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This study's intent was to examine the use of the ECERS as a training tool for classroom improvement. Quality ratings for classrooms were measured using the two ECERS observations with a training session in between. The participants of this study were 15 Educare classrooms from a northern county in West Virginia.;An alpha level of .05 was used in all statistical analysis. The results of the one-tailed paired-sampled t-test of the ECERS displayed two significant findings. A second analysis resulted in additional significant findings, after removing a center from the study.;This was an important study for child care centers and directors. …

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Nutrition Knowledge Of High School Athletes, Charis Mitchell May 2004

Nutrition Knowledge Of High School Athletes, Charis Mitchell

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The purpose of this study was to see where high school athletes are receiving their nutrition information and if they acquire proper nutrition knowledge. The athletes' sources of nutrition information, scores on the nutrition knowledge questionnaire, and the five groups of questions were analyzed by year in school, gender, and primary sports (top 6 primary sports for the questionnaire and 5 groups). 139 high school athletes completed a nutrition knowledge questionnaire. There was a statistical significance for teammates, gender, and primary sports. Thirty (21%) participants answered 19 questions or more correctly on the nutrition knowledge questionnaire. There was no statistical …

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Do Practice Weights Vary From Wrestling Weights Throughout The Season And Can The Difference Predict Win/Loss Records?, Rebecca L. Sidener May 2004

Do Practice Weights Vary From Wrestling Weights Throughout The Season And Can The Difference Predict Win/Loss Records?, Rebecca L. Sidener

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The purposes of the study were (1) to determine if weight fluctuates between 2 time points from the competition weight; (2) to determine if the wrestlers who had difference in weight also had differences in win percentages. The independent variables were competition weights and time. The dependent variable was the average weight deviation for the first question. The independent variable was the average weight deviation at the two time points (two variables) and the dependent variable was the win percentage for the second question. A Pearson's Correlation and two independent t-tests were used for statistical information. The study consisted of …

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The Health Belief Model And Factors Relating To Potential Use Of A Vaccine For Shigellosis In Kaeng Koi District, Saraburi Province, Thailand, Piyarat Butraporn, Alfred Pach, Robert P. Pack, Rungwit Masngarmmeung Jan 2004

The Health Belief Model And Factors Relating To Potential Use Of A Vaccine For Shigellosis In Kaeng Koi District, Saraburi Province, Thailand, Piyarat Butraporn, Alfred Pach, Robert P. Pack, Rungwit Masngarmmeung

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Shigellosis is an important cause of morbidity and mortality throughout the world. Approximately, 1.1 million deaths occur a year due to this disease, making it the fourth leading cause of mortality worldwide. This paper explores local interest in and potential use of a vaccine for shigellosis in Thailand where Shigella poses an important public-health concern. Data for this study were collected during June- November 2002 from 522 subjects surveyed using a sociobehavioural questionnaire in Kaeng Koi district in central Thailand. The community demand and likely use of a vaccine were examined in relation to the Health Belief Model, which provides …

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Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase Signaling Is Involved In Neurogenesis During Xenopus Embryonic Development, Ying Peng, Bing-Hua Jiang, Pai-Hao Yang, Zongxian Cao, Xianglin Shi, Marie C. M. Lin, Ming-Liang He, Hsiang-Fu Kung Jan 2004

Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase Signaling Is Involved In Neurogenesis During Xenopus Embryonic Development, Ying Peng, Bing-Hua Jiang, Pai-Hao Yang, Zongxian Cao, Xianglin Shi, Marie C. M. Lin, Ming-Liang He, Hsiang-Fu Kung

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

No abstract provided.

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A Microbiological And Clinical Assessment Of Orthodontic Patients With Poor Oral Hygiene., Brett Eckley Jan 2004

A Microbiological And Clinical Assessment Of Orthodontic Patients With Poor Oral Hygiene., Brett Eckley

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Hypothesis: There is no statistically significant difference between counts of Porphyromonas gingivalis, Treponema denticola, and Bacteroides forsythus, organism morphotypes, and probing depths and plaque scores in orthodontic patients with poor oral hygiene. Thirteen patients were included in the study. Before orthodontic appliances were placed (as baseline) and for four months a BANA test, plaque score, probing depths, and microscopy analysis were performed. Data were analyzed with ANOVA and Tukey HSD. Significant differences were found among patients for the BANA and plaque score. Significant differences were found among visits for the BANA, plaque score, and probing depth. There was an increase …

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The Diversity Of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi: Functional And Ecological Responses To Stressful Soil Conditions., Charlene N. Kelly Jan 2004

The Diversity Of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi: Functional And Ecological Responses To Stressful Soil Conditions., Charlene N. Kelly

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi mediate interactions between plants and soils, and are important where nutrient or metal concentrations limit plant growth. Variation in fungi in response to edaphic conditions and the fungal community composition may influence the effectiveness of the plant-mycorrhizal associations in some soil environments. For this thesis, I performed two studies to investigate the diversity of AM fungi: 1) Intraspecific variation among fungal species to confer Al tolerance to a host plant and 2) Shifts in population structure of AM fungi following succession in a serpentine grassland. Results of the first study demonstrate functional differences across three AM …

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The Impact Of A Social Skills Intervention On The Development Of Resiliency In Preschool Children., Tamala L. Lowther Jan 2004

The Impact Of A Social Skills Intervention On The Development Of Resiliency In Preschool Children., Tamala L. Lowther

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Children need to learn appropriate behavior in their early years. Educators of young children have been given the job of importing very important social competency skills, such as coping, problem solving, cooperation, and self-control skills. Interventions designed to meet the developmental level and individual needs of the children enrolled in a preschool should build factors that will lead to increased social skills and resiliency. This research involved implementing social skill prevention in a preschool classroom in a non-profit childcare center in rural West Virginia. The research examined the effectiveness of the Devereux Early Childhood Assessment (DECA), in increasing protective factors …

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Internationalizing An Institution: An Emerging Model Of Effective Leadership, Infrastructure And Cultural Factors., Amelia Davis Courts Jan 2004

Internationalizing An Institution: An Emerging Model Of Effective Leadership, Infrastructure And Cultural Factors., Amelia Davis Courts

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

As the United States continues to play a leadership role in the international arena, it depends on the higher education sector to prepare capable leaders who can be guiding forces in the international economic, political, and social environments of the twenty-first century (National Association of State and Land Grant Universities, 2000). This is the ultimate goal of international education. Although current literature clearly describes the benefits of internationalizing higher education, there are few studies that describe how it can be successfully implemented at the institutional level. Using a qualitative, grounded theory approach, this study examined the factors that contributed to …

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Pasture Forage Quality In West Virginia, Edward Barrow Rayburn, Rodney M. Wallbrown, Edward C. Prigge Dec 2003

Pasture Forage Quality In West Virginia, Edward Barrow Rayburn, Rodney M. Wallbrown, Edward C. Prigge

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

WVU-Extension fact sheet

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Pharmaceutical Quality Performance Of Folic Acid Supplements, Islam Rasem Younis Dec 2003

Pharmaceutical Quality Performance Of Folic Acid Supplements, Islam Rasem Younis

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The vitamin folic acid has received considerable attention in the 1990s because of its preventative role against diseases such as neural tube defects, cardiovascular diseases, and psychiatric illness.;A primary concern is the pharmaceutical quality, potency, and efficacy of commercially available folic acid products and label claims. The results showed that there has been significant progress since the 1990's in the improved quality of commercially available folic acid products in meeting USP standards.;Products were also tested in physiologically relevant solutions. Most notably, all the tested products failed to release more than 75% of the active ingredient in 60 minutes in simulated …

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Fungi Associated With Northern Red Oak (Quercus Rubra ) Acorns, Dawn M. Washington Dec 2003

Fungi Associated With Northern Red Oak (Quercus Rubra ) Acorns, Dawn M. Washington

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Poor regeneration of northern red oak is widespread in the central hardwood region. A two-part study was conducted to determine what fungi are associated with and cause cotyledon discoloration of northern red oak acorns. The field study determined that simulated small mammal notching, surface sowing, time, and site all play a significant role in the amount of cotyledon discoloration in acorns as well as the number of acorns with discoloration. However, germination rate was only affected by site and surface sowing, while seedling vigor ratings were actually higher when acorns had discolored cotyledons. The five species of fungi isolated most …

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Utilization Of *Assessment By Maryland Cooperative Extension Faculty, Jennifer Thorn Bentlejewski Dec 2003

Utilization Of *Assessment By Maryland Cooperative Extension Faculty, Jennifer Thorn Bentlejewski

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The research study explored the degree of faculty utilization of assessment practices at the class, program, and institutional levels within the University of Maryland Cooperative Extension. Differences in assessment utilization among faculty of various ranks and disciplines were examined. Faculty perceptions of the benefits and challenges of implementing assessment were also investigated. A quantitative research approach guided the study, which utilized a 78-item survey. Descriptive statistics, multivariate analyses of variance, and analyses of variance were used to analyze the quantitative data. In addition to the survey instrument, a qualitative analysis of data was conducted with regard to learning outcomes and …

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Teachers' Views Of The Impact Of The Good Start, Grow Smart Early Childhood Initiative On Head Start Programs In A Western Maryland Community, Fannie L. Boayue Dec 2003

Teachers' Views Of The Impact Of The Good Start, Grow Smart Early Childhood Initiative On Head Start Programs In A Western Maryland Community, Fannie L. Boayue

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

As the call for accountability increased, President George W. Bush signed into law the No Child Left Behind Act in January 2002 to reform the Elementary and Secondary Education Act that was reauthorized in 1994. The Good Start, Grow Smart Early Childhood Education Initiative, followed in April 2002. Both of these reform measures have significant implications for school success and achievement of all children in both childcare and public school settings as well as accountability for teachers and administrators.;The purpose of this study was to investigate and analyze the views of Head Start teachers on the impact of the Good …

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Identity Formation Of Adolescents Involved In Selected Structured Activities, Sara A. Drake Dec 2003

Identity Formation Of Adolescents Involved In Selected Structured Activities, Sara A. Drake

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Identity formation is seen as the primary developmental task during adolescence according to Erikson (1968). Adolescents' involvement in structured activities such as extracurricular activity, 4-H, and volunteerism were examined to determine their associations with identity formation. Researcher James Marcia (1966) developed four statuses of identity formation: diffusion, foreclosure, moratorium, and achieved. Categorization in one of the four statuses depends upon the levels of both crisis and commitment. Adolescents who are in the identity-diffused category have had no crisis or made no commitment. Those who foreclose, have made a commitment, but have had no crisis. Moratorium is a state of exploration, …

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Enhancing Quality And Extending Shelf Life Of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus Mykiss) By Vitamin E Supplementation And Post-Harvest Antimicrobial Intervention, Nalini Kamireddy Dec 2003

Enhancing Quality And Extending Shelf Life Of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus Mykiss) By Vitamin E Supplementation And Post-Harvest Antimicrobial Intervention, Nalini Kamireddy

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Rainbow trout were fed a control (191 mg/kg) or the control diet supplemented with 5000 mg alpha-tocopherol/kg. Fish were sampled at 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, and 9 weeks of feeding; at each week fillets were evaluated at 0, 7, and 14 d. Supplementation increased fillet alpha-tocopherol content, and TBARS value were not affected. A feeding by storage time interaction was observed for fat content, psychrotrophic counts, cook yield, and shear force. For antimicrobial intervention, fillets were not treated or were dipped in water, 50 ppm ASC, and 1000 ppm ASC for 30 s. Fillets were stored at 1--2°C for …

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Novel Syntheses Of Indoles, Quinoxalines, 2-Quinoxalinones, 2-Alkylbenzimidazoles And Other Heterocycles, Jeffery M. Wallace Dec 2003

Novel Syntheses Of Indoles, Quinoxalines, 2-Quinoxalinones, 2-Alkylbenzimidazoles And Other Heterocycles, Jeffery M. Wallace

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Using a palladium-catalyzed reductive N-heteroannulation method previously discovered in our labs, a 20 mmol synthetic route to methyl indole-4-carboxylate has been developed. Methyl indole-4-carboxylate is synthesized in four steps, with the key step being the reductive cyclization of methyl 2-ethenyl-3-nitrobenzoate in good overall yield. This cyclization method has been modified and applied to the preparation of quinoxalines, 2-quinoxalinones and other heterocyclic compounds. We also propose a possible mechanism for these transformations.;In addition, a novel method to 2-alkylbenzimidazoles has been developed. The thermal reaction of 2-azidonitrobenzenes and various aldehydes give 2-alkylbenzimidazoles generally in moderate yield.

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Dietary Feedback Effects And Gender Differences In Stages Of Change For Fat And Fiber Intake Behavior, Janis M. Boury Dec 2003

Dietary Feedback Effects And Gender Differences In Stages Of Change For Fat And Fiber Intake Behavior, Janis M. Boury

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The stages of change (SOC) model has addressed changes people make to important habits such as smoking or diet. This study had three purposes (a) examining the influence of cultural role expectations for males and females on decisional balance (DB), (b) examining changes in stage assignment following feedback for the hidden nutrients of fat and fiber, (c) comparing the effects of feedback and tailored messages on change in fat and fiber intakes.;This study was an experimental control group design with 273 participants at baseline, 235 at intervention, and 197 at post-intervention. Most participants had some college. Baseline included general and …

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Late Embryonic And Fetal Mortality In The Ewe, Alison Brown Dixon Aug 2003

Late Embryonic And Fetal Mortality In The Ewe, Alison Brown Dixon

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Timing and factors associated with late embryonic and fetal loss in the ewe were examined with ultrasonography. In study one, pregnancy diagnosis and counts of embryos were conducted on days 25, 45, 65, and/or 85 of gestation and compared to lambs born at term. Preliminary results indicated that more potential offspring were lost during fetal development than during late embryonic development. Approximately 18% of ewes experienced late embryonic and fetal loss and 20% of embryos or fetuses were lost from day 25 to term. Losses of potential offspring were continuous throughout gestation and approximately 3% of embryos present on day …

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Human Health Effects Of Fatty Acids In Beef, Marcella S. Whetsell, Edward Barrow Rayburn Aug 2003

Human Health Effects Of Fatty Acids In Beef, Marcella S. Whetsell, Edward Barrow Rayburn

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

WVU-Extension fact sheet

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Factors Influencing Participation In The Beef Quality Assurance Program Of The West Virginia Cooperative Extension Service, Sara D. Peacock Aug 2003

Factors Influencing Participation In The Beef Quality Assurance Program Of The West Virginia Cooperative Extension Service, Sara D. Peacock

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The purpose of this study was to identify factors that contribute to participation in the West Virginia Beef Quality Assurance program. This study explored barriers and encouragers that affected involvement in educational programs offered by the West Virginia Cooperative Extension Service. The population consisted of 387 West Virginia Beef Producers from the West Virginia Young Sire Performance Evaluation Program mailing lists. The sample consisted of 85 producers randomly selected from the accessible population and 85 responses to the survey were completed. It was found that the average BQA farmer had a higher net income from their farming practices and had …

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Dietary Patterns, Exercise Behaviors And Osteoporosis Knowledge Of College Women At West Virginia University, Jamie Sutton Deem Aug 2003

Dietary Patterns, Exercise Behaviors And Osteoporosis Knowledge Of College Women At West Virginia University, Jamie Sutton Deem

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This study was conducted to describe the dietary patterns, exercise behaviors and osteoporosis knowledge of college women at West Virginia University. One hundred forty-one women were recruited (ages 18--27). Mean intake of nutrients including calcium (860 +/- 369 mg/day) was reported. Calcium intake was significantly lower than the recommendation (1000 mg/day; p < 0.0001). Mean reported exercise time was 54.4 minutes/day. This was significantly greater than the recommendation of 30 minutes/day (p < 0.01). Osteoporosis knowledge was measured by questionnaire. The majority of participants were able to identify 7/14 risk factors. A T-test indicated that individuals who answered osteoporosis risk factor questions correctly had higher intakes of calcium, but were still significantly below the recommendation (p < 0.001). Results indicated that exercise time was significantly higher in individuals who answered osteoporosis risk factor questions correctly (p < 0.001). These results suggest that college women do not have adequate intakes of calcium or knowledge of osteoporosis for prevention of the disease.

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