Quick Guide Feeding Hay On Meadows & Pastures.Pdf, Edward Barrow Rayburn

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

WVU-Extension fact sheet

An Exploratory Study On The Intergenerational Transmission Of Obesity And Dieting Proneness, Elizabeth A. Claydon, Keith J. Zullig, Christa L. Lilly, Stephanie C. Zerwas, Danielle M. Davidov, Lesley Cottrell, Marney A. White

Clinical and Translational Science Institute

Purpose There is a paucity of research exploring individuals’ memories of parental dieting behavior, engagement in “fat talk”, or criticism of weight or eating behavior in childhood. This exploratory study utilized a community sample to further characterize the retrospective report of parenting dieting behavior. Methods A total of 507 participants (78.1% females; 20.7% males; and 1.2% transgender) were recruited to participate in an online, self-administered survey. Results Forty percent (216) of participants reported maternal dieting in their family of origin and 34% (182) reported maternal fat talk, 24% (120) reported paternal dieting, and 11% recalled paternal ‘fat talk’ (58). Subgroup …

Alkaline Phosphatase: A Potential Biomarker For Stroke And Implications For Treatment, A L. Brichacek, C M. Brown

Clinical and Translational Science Institute

Stroke is the fifth leading cause of death in the U.S., with more than 100,000 deaths annually. There are a multitude of risks associated with stroke, including aging, cardiovascular disease, hypertension, Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and immune suppression. One of the many challenges, which has so far proven to be unsuccessful, is the identification of a cost-effective diagnostic or prognostic biomarker for stroke. Alkaline phosphatase (AP), an enzyme first discovered in the 1920s, has been evaluated as a potential biomarker in many disorders, including many of the co-morbidities associated with stroke. This review will examine the basic biology of AP, and …

Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Is Transmissible In Vitro Between Cells Of The Central Nervous System, Neil T. Sprenkle, Anirudhya Lahiri, James W. Simpkins, Gordon P. Meares

Clinical and Translational Science Institute

Improper protein folding and trafficking are common pathological events in neurodegenerative diseases that result in the toxic accumulation of misfolded proteins within the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). While low‐level stimulation of the unfolded protein response (UPR) is protective, sustained UPR activation resulting from prolonged ER stress can promote neurotoxicity. The cell‐autonomous mechanisms of the UPR have been extensively characterized. However, the cell‐extrinsic role of the UPR under physiological and pathological states in the CNS remains to be elucidated. To begin to address this, we evaluated if transferring conditioned media between ER‐stressed astrocytes and neurons could modulate their functional …

Knowledge Commons In Ancient Greece, Roger A. Lohmann

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

This paper reviews a variety of published sources by specialists in ancient history and philosophy written for students of philanthropy, nonprofit organizations, commons and other, related social sciences. It discusses Plato's Academy, Aristotle's Lyceum, and other philosophical schools as real historically significant organizations, not merely ideas or symbols. It was expanded from one section of Chapter 3 of the author's book, The Commons: New Perspectives on Nonprofit Organizations, Voluntary Action and Philanthropy (1992).

Enhanced A1 Adenosine Receptor-Induced Vascular Contractions In Mesenteric Artery And Aorta Of In L-Name Mouse Model Of Hypertension, Vishal R. Yadav, Bunyen Teng, S. Jamal Mustafa

Clinical and Translational Science Institute

L-NAME-induced hypertension is commonly used to study endothelial dysfunction and related vascular effects. It has been reported that genetic deletion of A1 adenosine receptor (AR) reduces blood pressure (BP) increases in mice and thus, suggesting the involvement of A1AR. Thus, we sought to determine whether A1AR-induced vascular responses were altered in this mouse model of hypertension. L-NAME (1 mg/ml) was given in the drinking water for 28 days to mice. The BP was monitored using non-invasive tail-cuff system. Muscle tension studies were performed using DMT for mesenteric arteries (MAs) and organ bath for aorta. Protein expression was analyzed by western …

Cortactin Phosphorylation By Casein Kinase 2 Regulates Actin-Related Protein 2/3 Complex Activity, Invadopodia Function And Tumor Cell Invasion, Steven M. Markwell, Amanda G. Ammer, Erik T. Interval, Jessica L. Allen, Brenen W. Papenberg, River A. Hames, Johnathan E. Castaño, Dorothy A. Schafer, Scott A. Weed

Clinical and Translational Science Institute

Malregulation of the actin cytoskeleton enhances tumor cell motility and invasion. The actin-binding protein cortactin facilitates branched actin network formation through activation of the actin-related protein (Arp) 2/3 complex. Increased cortactin expression due to gene amplification is observed in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and other cancers, corresponding with elevated tumor progression and poor patient outcome. Arp2/3 complex activation is responsible for driving increased migration and extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation by governing invadopodia formation and activity. Although cortactin-mediated activation of Arp2/3 complex and invadopodia regulation has been well established, signaling pathways responsible for governing cortactin binding to Arp2/3 …

Intranasal Peptide-Based Fpva-Klh Conjugate Vaccine Protects Mice From Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Acute Murine Pneumonia, Emel Sen-Kilic, Catherine B. Blackwood, Dylan T. Boehm, Wiliam T. Witt, Aaron C. Malkowski, Justin R. Bevere, Ting Y. Wong, Jesse M. Hall, Shelby D. Bradford, Melinda E. Varney, Fredrick Heath Damron, Mariette Barbier

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen causing acute and chronic respiratory infections associated with morbidity and mortality, especially in patients with cystic fibrosis. Vaccination against P. aeruginosa before colonization may be a solution against these infections and improve the quality of life of at-risk patients. To develop a vaccine against P. aeruginosa, we formulated a novel peptide-based P. aeruginosa subunit vaccine based on the extracellular regions of one of its major siderophore receptors, FpvA. We evaluated the effectiveness and immunogenicity of the FpvA peptides conjugated to keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) with the adjuvant curdlan in a murine vaccination and challenge …

Development Of Targeted Alpha Particle Therapy For Solid Tumors, Narges K. Tafreshi, Michael L. Doligalski, Christopher J. Tichacek, Darpan N. Pandya, Mikalai M. Budzevich, Ghassan El-Haddad, Nikhil I. Khushalani, Eduardo G. Moros, Mark L. Mclaughlin, Thaddeus J. Wadas, David L. Morse

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Abstract: Targeted alpha-particle therapy (TAT) aims to selectively deliver radionuclides emitting α-particles (cytotoxic payload) to tumors by chelation to monoclonal antibodies, peptides or small molecules that recognize tumor-associated antigens or cell-surface receptors. Because of the high linear energy transfer (LET) and short range of alpha (α) particles in tissue, cancer cells can be significantly damaged while causing minimal toxicity to surrounding healthy cells. Recent clinical studies have demonstrated the remarkable efficacy of TAT in the treatment of metastatic, castration-resistant prostate cancer. In this comprehensive review, we discuss the current consensus regarding the properties of the α-particle-emitting radionuclides that are potentially …

Mutations In Arl2bp, A Protein Required For Ciliary Microtubule Structure, Cause Syndromic Male Infertility In Humans And Mice, Abigal R. Moye, Nicola Bedoni, Jessica G. Cunningham, Urikhan Sanzhaeva, Eric S. Tucker, Peter Mathers, Virginie G. Peter, Mathieu Quinodoz, Liliana P. Paris, Luisa Coutinho-Santos, Pedro Camacho, Madeleine G. Purcell, Abbie C. Winkelmann, James A. Foster, Elena N. Pugacheva, Carlo Rivolta, Visvanathan Ramamurthy

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Cilia are evolutionarily conserved hair-like structures with a wide spectrum of key biological roles, and their dysfunction has been linked to a growing class of genetic disorders, known collectively as ciliopathies. Many strides have been made towards deciphering the molecular causes for these diseases, which have in turn expanded the understanding of cilia and their functional roles. One recently-identified ciliary gene is ARL2BP, encoding the ADP-Ribosylation Factor Like 2 Binding Protein. In this study, we have identified multiple ciliopathy phenotypes associated with mutations in ARL2BP in human patients and in a mouse knockout model. Our research demonstrates that spermiogenesis …

Monetary Cost Of The Myplate Diet In Young Adults: Higher Expenses Associated With Increased Fruit And Vegetable Consumption, Rashel L. Clark, Oluremi A. Famodu, Makenzie L. Barr, Rebecca L. Hagedorn, Jane Ruseski, Jade A. White, Caitlin M. Warner, Alexandra M. Morrell, Pamela J. Murray, I Mark Olfert, Joseph W. Mcfadden, Marianne T. Downes, Sarah E. Colby, Melissa D. Olfert

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Background. Cost is a commonly reported barrier to healthy eating. This is a secondary research analysis designed to examine the food expenditures of young adults on a university campus following the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) MyPlate guidelines for fruits and vegetables. Methods. Meal receipts and dietary intake were recorded weekly. Anthropometrics and clinical assessments were recorded before intervention. Researchers rated compliance based on the participant’s dietary food log, receipt matching, food pictures, and reports during weekly 1-hour consultations. Results. Fifty-three young adults (18–30 years old) at-risk of, or diagnosed with, metabolic syndrome (MetS) were enrolled in the study, …

Educational Intervention Improves Fruit And Vegetable Intake In Young Adults With Metabolic Syndrome Components, Rashel L. Clark, Oluremi A. Famodu, Ida Holásková, Aniello M. Infante, Pamela J. Murray, I. Mark Olfert, Joseeph W. Mcfadden, Marianne T. Downes, Paul D. Chantler, Matthew W. Duespohl, Christopher F. Cuff, Melissa D. Olfert

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

The FRUVEDomics study investigates the effect of a diet intervention focused on increasing fruit and vegetable intake on the gut microbiome and cardiovascular health of young adults with/at risk for metabolic syndrome(MetS). It was hypothesized that the recommended diet would result in metabolic and gut microbiome changes. The 9-week dietary intervention adhered to the US Department of Agriculture Dietary Guidelines for Americansand focused on increasing fruit and vegetable intake to equal half of the diet. Seventeen eligible young adults with/or at high risk of MetS consented and completed preintervention and postintervention measurements, including anthropometric, body composition, cardiovascular, …

2019 Symposium Brochure

Programs

No abstract provided.

Demineralized Bone Matrix Combined Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells, Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 And Transforming Growth Factor-Β3 Gene Promoted Pig Cartilage Defect Repair, Xin Wang, Yanlin Li, Rui Han, Chuan He, Guoliang Wang, Jianwei Wang, Jiali Zheng, Mei Pei, Lei Wei

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Objectives

To investigate whether a combination of demineralized bone matrix (DBM) and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) infected with adenovirus-mediated- bone morphogenetic protein (Ad-BMP-2) and transforming growth factor-β3 (Ad-TGF-β3) promotes the repair of the full-thickness cartilage lesions in pig model.

Methods

BMSCs isolated from pig were cultured and infected with Ad-BMP-2(B group), Ad-TGF-β3 (T group), Ad-BMP-2 + Ad-TGF-β3(BT group), cells infected with empty Ad served as a negative group(N group), the expression of the BMP-2 and TGF-β3 were confirmed by immunofluorescence, PCR, and ELISA, the expression of SOX-9, type II collagen(COL-2A), aggrecan (ACAN) in each group were evaluated by …

Bariatric Surgery Outcomes In Appalachia Influenced By Surgery Type, Diabetes, And Depression, Makenzie L. Barr, Lawrence E. Tabone, Stephanie J. Cox, Cassie Brode, Nova Szoka, I. Mark Olfert, Laura Davisson, Melissa D. Olfert

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Background

Most effective treatment for morbid obesity and its comorbidities is bariatric surgery. However, research is limited on weight loss and associated outcomes among patients in Appalachia. The objective of this study was to examine demographic and comorbidity influence on surgical outcomes of this population including age, sex, race, state of residence, education, marital status, body mass index (BMI kg/m2), excess body weight (EBW), percent excess weight loss (%EWL), blood pressure, diagnosed depression, diagnosed type 2 diabetes (T2D), Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), and laboratory values (i.e., hemoglobin A1c).

Methods

A retrospective electronic medical record (EMR) data extraction was performed on …

Development And Testing Of Program Evaluation Instruments For The Icook 4-H Curriculum, Douglas R. Mathews, Zachary J. Kunicki, Sarah E. Colby, Lisa Franzen-Castle, Kendra K. Kattelmann, Melissa D. Olfert, Adrienne A. White

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Objective

To develop and test the validity of program outcome evaluation instruments for cooking, eating, and playing together for obesity prevention during iCook 4-H.

Design

Instrument development for both youth and adults through pre-post testing of items newly constructed and compiled to address key curriculum constructs. Testing occurred throughout program intervention and dissemination to determine dimensionality, internal consistency and test-retest reliability, and validity.

Setting

A 5-state out-of-school program in cooperative extension and other community sites.

Participants

Youths aged 9–10 years; adults were main food preparers; the first phase involved 214 dyads and the second phase, 74 dyads.

Main Outcome …

Neutrophil Extracellular Traps In Breast Cancer And Beyond: Current Perspectives On Net Stimuli, Thrombosis And Metastasis, And Clinical Utility For Diagnosis And Treatment, Hunter T. Snoderly, Brian A. Boone, Margaret F. Bennewitz

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Abstract

The formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), known as NETosis, was first observed as a novel immune response to bacterial infection, but has since been found to occur abnormally in a variety of other inflammatory disease states including cancer. Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed malignancy in women. In breast cancer, NETosis has been linked to increased disease progression, metastasis, and complications such as venous thromboembolism. NET-targeted therapies have shown success in preclinical cancer models and may prove valuable clinical targets in slowing or halting tumor progression in breast cancer patients. We will briefly outline the mechanisms by …

Melatonin Prevents Osteoarthritis-Induced Cartilage Degradation Via Targeting Microrna-140, Yijian Zhang, Jun Lin, Xinfeng Zhou, Xi Chen, Angela Carley Chen, Bin Pi, Guoquing Pan, Ming Pei, Huilin Yang, Tao Liu, Fan He

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Abstract

Osteoarthritis (OA) is characterized by the progressive destruction of articular cartilage, which is involved in the imbalance between extracellular matrix (ECM) synthesis and degradation. MicroRNA-140-5p (miR-140) is specifically expressed in cartilage and plays an important role in OA-induced matrix degradation. The aim of this study was to investigate (1) whether intra-articular injection of melatonin could ameliorate surgically induced OA in mice and (2) whether melatonin could regulate matrix-degrading enzymes at the posttranscriptional level by targeting miR-140. In an in vitro OA environment induced by interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), melatonin treatment improved cell proliferation of human chondrocytes, promoted the …

Dna Methylation And Mirna-1296 Act In Concert To Mediate Spatiotemporal Expression Of Kpna7 During Bovine Oocyte And Early Embryonic Development, Lei Wang, Jacqelyn M. Hand, Liyuan Fu, George W. Smith, Jianbo Yao

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Abstract

Background: Epigenetic regulation of oocyte-specific maternal factors is essential for oocyte and early embryonic development. KPNA7 is an oocyte-specific maternal factor, which controls transportation of nuclear proteins important for early embryonic development. To elucidate the epigenetic mechanisms involved in the controlled expression of KPNA7, both DNA methylation associated transcriptional silencing and microRNA (miRNA)-mediated mRNA degradation of KPNA7 were examined.

Results: Comparison of DNA methylation profiles at the proximal promoter of KPNA7 gene between oocyte and 6 different somatic tissues identified 3 oocyte-specific differentially methylated CpG sites. Expression of KPNA7 mRNA was reintroduced in bovine kidney-derived CCL2 cells after treatment …

Acute Levodopa Dosing Around-The-Clock Ameliorates Rem Sleep Without Atonia In Hemiparkinsonian Rats, Vishakh Iyer, Quynh Vo, Anthony Mell, Siven Chinniah, Ashley Zenerovitz, Kala Venkiteswaran, Allen R. Kunselman, Jidong Fang, Thyagarajan Subramanian

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

• Article
• Open Access
• Published: 29 November 2019

Acute levodopa dosing around-the-clock ameliorates REM sleep without atonia in hemiparkinsonian rats

• Vishakh Iyer,
• Quynh Vo,
• Anthony Mell,
• Siven Chinniah,
• Ashley Zenerovitz,
• Kala Venkiteswaran,
• Allen R. Kunselman,
• Jidong Fang &
• Thyagarajan Subramanian

npj Parkinson's Disease volume 5, Article number: 27 (2019) Cite this article

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Abstract

Rapid-eye-movement (REM) sleep without atonia (RSWA), a marker of REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD), is frequently comorbid with Parkinson’s disease (PD). Although rodent models are commonly used for studying PD, the neurobiological and behavioral correlates of …

Patellar Tendon Morphology In Trans-Tibial Amputees Utilizing A Prosthesis With A Patellar-Tendon-Bearing Feature, Kai-Yu Ho, Michelle Harty, Jessica Kellogg, Kelly Teter, Szu-Ping Lee, Yu-Jen Chang, Gregory Bashford

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

A patellar-tendon-bearing (PTB) bar is a common design feature used in the socket of trans-tibial prostheses to place load on the pressure-tolerant tissue. As the patellar tendon in the residual limb is subjected to the perpendicular compressive force not commonly experienced in normal tendons, it is possible for tendon degeneration to occur over time. The purpose of this study was to compare patellar tendon morphology and neovascularity between the residual and intact limbs in trans-tibial amputees and healthy controls. Fifteen unilateral trans-tibial amputees who utilized a prosthesis with a PTB feature and 15 age- and sex- matched controls participated. Sonography …

Janus Kinase 1 Is Required For Transcriptional Reprograming Of Murine Astrocytes In Response To Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress, Savannah G. Sims, Gordon P. Meares

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Neurodegenerative diseases are associated with the accumulation of misfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), leading to ER stress. To adapt, cells initiate the unfolded protein response (UPR). However, severe or unresolved UPR activation leads to cell death and inflammation. The UPR is initiated, in part, by the transER membrane kinase PKR-like ER kinase (PERK). Recent evidence indicates ER stress and inflammation are linked, and we have shown that this involves PERKdependent signaling via Janus Kinase (JAK) 1. This signaling provokes the production of soluble inflammatory mediators such as interleukin-6 (IL-6) and chemokine C-C motif ligand 2 (CCL2). We, therefore, …

Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Differentially Modulates The Il-6 Family Of Cytokines In Murine Astrocytes And Macrophages, Cristina L. Sanchez, Savnnah G. Sims, John D. Nowery, Gordon P. Meares

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

In many diseases, misfolded proteins accumulate within the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), leading to ER stress. In response, the cell initiates the unfolded protein response (UPR) to reestablish homeostasis. Additionally, in response to ER stress, various cell types mount an inflammatory response involving interleukin (IL)-6. While IL-6 has been widely studied, the impact of ER stress on other members of the IL-6 cytokine family, including oncostatin (OSM), IL-11, ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF), and leukemia inhibitor factor (LIF) remains to be elucidated. Here, we have examined the expression of the IL-6 family cytokines in response to pharmacologically-induced ER stress in astrocytes and …

Intranasal Acellular Pertussis Vaccine Provides Mucosal Immunity And Protects Mice From Bordetella Pertussis, Dylan T. Boehm, M. Allison Wolf, Jesse M. Hall, Ting Y. Wong, Emel Sen-Kilic, Hayden D. Basinger, Sebastian A. Dziadowicz, Maria De La Paz Gutierrez, Catherine B. Blackwood, Shelby D. Bradford, Katherine A. Begley, William T. Witt, Melinda E. Varney, Mariette Barbier, F. Heath Damron

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Current acellular pertussis vaccines fall short of optimal protection against the human respiratory pathogen Bordetella pertussis resulting in increased incidence of a previously controlled vaccine- preventable disease. Natural infection is known to induce a protective mucosal immunity. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to use acellular pertussis vaccines to recapitulate these mucosal immune responses. We utilized a murine immunization and challenge model to characterize the efficacy of intranasal immunization (IN) with DTaP vaccine or DTaP vaccine supplemented with curdlan, a known Th1/Th17 promoting adjuvant. Protection from IN delivered DTaP was compared to protection mediated by intraperitoneal injection of DTaP and …

Dietary Quercetin And Kaempferol: Bioavailability And Potential Cardiovascular-Related Bioactivity In Humans, Wijdan M. Dabeek, Melissa Ventura Marra

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Fruit and vegetable intake has been associated with a reduced risk of cardiovascular disease. Quercetin and kaempferol are among the most ubiquitous polyphenols in fruit and vegetables. Most of the quercetin and kaempferol in plants is attached to sugar moieties rather than in the free form. The types and attachments of sugars impact bioavailability, and thus bioactivity. This article aims to review the current literature on the bioavailability of quercetin and kaempferol from food sources and evaluate the potential cardiovascular effects in humans. Foods with the highest concentrations of quercetin and kaempferol in plants are not necessarily the most bioavailable …

Fancd2-Deficient Hematopoietic Stem And Progenitor Cells Depend On Augmented Mitochondrial Translation For Survival And Proliferation, Srinivas Chatla, Wei Du, Andrew F. Wilson, Amom Ruhikanta Meetei, Qishen Pang

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Members of the Fanconi anemia (FA) protein family are involved in multiple cellular processes including response to DNA damage and oxidative stress. Here we show that a major FA protein, Fancd2, plays a role in mitochondrial biosynthesis through regulation of mitochondrial translation. Fancd2 interacts with Atad3 and Tufm, which are among the most frequently identified components of the mitochondrial nucleoid complex essential for mitochondrion biosynthesis. Deletion of Fancd2 in mouse hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) leads to increase in mitochondrial number, and enzyme activity of mitochondrion-encoded respiratory complexes. Fancd2 deficiency increases mitochondrial protein synthesis and induces mitonuclear protein imbalance. …

The “Motor Of The Day”: Parent And School-Age Children’S Cognitions, Barriers, And Supports For Breakfast, Kaitlyn M. Eck, Colleen L. Delaney, Rashel L. Clark, Miriam P. Leary, Karla Pagan Shelnutt, Melissa D. Olfert, Carol Byrd-Bredbenner

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Despite the many benefits of regular breakfast consumption few parents and children consume this meal every day and research examining the determinants of breakfast consumption is limited. Thus, the purpose of this study was to examine breakfast-related cognitions (i.e., beliefs, attitudes, facilitators, barriers) of parents and school-age children (ages 6–11 years) using the constructs of Social Cognitive Theory as a guide. Parents (n = 37) and children (n = 41) participated in focus group discussions held in community settings in 3 states (FL, NJ, WV). Data were qualitatively content analyzed to detect trends. Parents felt breakfast was important for numerous …

Local Synaptic Inputs Support Opposing, Network-Specific Odor Representations In A Widely Projecting Modulatory Neuron, Xiaonan Zhang, Kaylynn Coates, Andrew Dacks, Cengiz Günay, J. Scott Lauritzen, Feng Li, Steven A. Calle-Schuler, Davi Bock, Quentin Gaudry

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Serotonin plays different roles across networks within the same sensory modality. Previously, we used whole-cell electrophysiology in Drosophila to show that serotonergic neurons innervating the first olfactory relay are inhibited by odorants (Zhang and Gaudry, 2016). Here we show that network-spanning serotonergic neurons segregate information about stimulus features, odor intensity and identity, by using opposing coding schemes in different olfactory neuropil. A pair of serotonergic neurons (the CSDns) innervate the antennal lobe and lateral horn, which are first and second order neuropils. CSDn processes in the antennal lobe are inhibited by odors in an identity independent manner. In the lateral …

Time-Activity Budgets Of Stiff-Tailed Ducks In Puerto Rico, Nickolas S. Goodman, Jack C. Eitniear, James T. Anderson

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Habitat loss and degradation have contributed to declining populations of stiff-tailed ducks including the migratory northern ruddy duck (Oxyura jamaicensis rubida), and non-migratory masked duck (Nomonyx dominicus) and West Indian ruddy duck (Oxyura j. jamaicensis). Studies collecting time-activity budgets on waterfowl can provide important insight into habitat use, behavior, and niche partitioning. Even though the northern ruddy duck and West Indian ruddy duck are recognized as the same species, we treated them separately to appraise possible ecological differences. We recorded 24-h time-activity budgets for masked ducks (n = 142), northern ruddy ducks ( …

Nutritional Condition And Physiological Stress Levels Of Elk In The Black Hills, South Dakota, Chadwick P. Lehman, Christopher T. Rota, Joshua J. Millspaugh

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Percent of body fat and physiological stress are important correlates to wildlife demographics. We studied winter percent of body fat and physiological stress levels for a declining elk (Cervus canadensis nelsoni) population in South Dakota, 2011–2013. We obtained percent of winter body fat, pregnancy status, lactation status, and physiological stress data from 58 adult females (2+ years old). We compared physiological stress level data from 2011 with data collected from this same herd when elk densities were much higher (1995–1997). Our objectives were to determine percent of body fat during winter, examine if winter body fat was correlated with pregnancy …