Digital Commons Network^™

Respiratory Viral Surveillance Of Healthcare Personnel And Patients At An Adult Long-Term Care Facility, Caroline A O'Neil, Lindsay Kim, Mila M Prill, H Keipp Talbot, Brett Whitaker, Senthilkumar K Sakthivel, Yange Zhang, Jing Zhang, Suxiang Tong, Nimalie Stone, Shikha Garg, Susan I Gerber, Hilary M Babcock

Open Access Publications

We conducted active surveillance of acute respiratory viral infections (ARIs) among residents and healthcare personnel (HCP) at a long-term care facility during the 2015-2016 respiratory illness season. ARIs were observed among both HCP and patients, highlighting the importance of including HCP in surveillance programs.

Pathogen-Negative Sepsis—An Opportunity For Antimicrobial Stewardship, Gabriel C. Lockhart, Jacob Hanin, Scott T. Micek, Marin H. Kollef

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Application Of An Antibiotic Spectrum Index In The Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Alexandra C Lahart, Christopher C Mcpherson, Jeffrey S Gerber, Barbara B Warner, Brian R Lee, Jason G Newland

Open Access Publications

Antimicrobial stewardship programs typically use days of therapy to assess antimicrobial use. However, this metric does not account for the antimicrobial spectrum of activity. We applied an antibiotic spectrum index to a population of very-low-birth-weight infants to assess its utility to evaluate the impact of antimicrobial stewardship interventions.

Prevalence And Impact Of Hepatitis E Virus Infection Among Persons With Chronic Hepatitis B Living In The Us And Canada, David R. Mcgivern, Hsing-Hua S. Lin, Junyao Wang, Tiffany Benzine, Henry L.A Janssen, Mandana Khalili, Mauricio Lisker-Melman, Robert J. Fontana, Steven H. Belle, Michael W. Fried

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

U.S. Adolescent And Adult Women's Experiences Accessing And Using Toilets In Schools, Workplaces, And Public Spaces: A Multi-Site Focus Group Study To Inform Future Research In Bladder Health, Deepa R Camenga, Sonya S Brady, Cecilia T Hardacker, Beverly R Williams, Jeni Hebert-Beirne, Aimee S James, Kathryn Burgio, Jesse Nodora, Jean F Wyman, Amanda Berry, Lisa K Low, Prevention Of Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms (Plus) Research Consortium

Open Access Publications

The World Health Organization recognizes access to clean and safe toilets as crucial for public health. This study explored U.S. adolescent and adult cisgender women's lived experiences accessing toilets in schools, workplaces, and public spaces. As part of the Prevention of Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms (PLUS) Research Consortium, we conducted 44 focus groups with female participants (n = 360; ages 11-93). Focus groups were stratified by age (11-14, 15-17, 18-25, 26-44, 45-64, 65+) and conducted across 7 geographically diverse U.S. sites from July 2017-April 2018. Using a transdisciplinary approach, we conducted conventional qualitative coding informed by our PLUS conceptual framework …

Targeting Innate Immunity For Tuberculosis Vaccination, Shabaana A. Khader, Maziar Divangahi, Willem Hanekom, Philip C. Hill, Markus Maeurer, Karen W. Makar, Katrin D. Mayer-Barber, Musa M. Mhlanga, Elisa Nemes, Larry S. Schlesinger, Reinout Van Crevel, Ramakrishna Vankalayapati, Ramnik J. Xavier, Mihai G. Netea, On Behalf Of The Bill And Melinda Gates Foundation Collaboration For Tb Vaccine Discovery Innate Immunity Working Group

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Advances In Cardiovascular Disease Lipid Research Can Provide Novel Insights Into Mycobacterial Pathogenesis, Shyamala Thirunavukkarasu, Shabaana A. Khader

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Insights Into The Microbiome Of Breast Implants And Periprosthetic Tissue In Breast Implant-Associated Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma, Jennifer N. Walker, Blake M. Hanson, Chloe L. Pinkner, Shelby R. Simar, Jerome S. Pinkner, Rajiv Parikh, Mark W. Clemens, Scott J. Hultgren, Terence M. Myckatyn

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Antibiotic Stewardship Teams And Clostridioides Difficile Practices In United States Hospitals: A National Survey In The Joint Commission Antibiotic Stewardship Standard Era, Valerie M Vaughn, M Todd Greene, David Ratz, Karen E Fowler, Sarah L Krein, Scott A Flanders, Erik R Dubberke, Sanjay Saint, Payal K Patel

Open Access Publications

OBJECTIVE: Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) can be prevented through infection prevention practices and antibiotic stewardship. Diagnostic stewardship (ie, strategies to improve use of microbiological testing) can also improve antibiotic use. However, little is known about the use of such practices in US hospitals, especially after multidisciplinary stewardship programs became a requirement for US hospital accreditation in 2017. Thus, we surveyed US hospitals to assess antibiotic stewardship program composition, practices related to CDI, and diagnostic stewardship.

METHODS: Surveys were mailed to infection preventionists at 900 randomly sampled US hospitals between May and October 2017. Hospitals were surveyed on antibiotic stewardship programs; …

Top 10 Research Priorities In Spatial Lifecourse Epidemiology, Peng Jia, Ross C. Brownson, Et Al.

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Genomic Characterization Of Antibiotic Resistant Escherichia Coli Isolated From Domestic Chickens In Pakistan, Muhammad Rafique, Robert F Potter, Aura Ferreiro, Meghan A Wallace, Abdul Rahim, Akbar Ali Malik, Naila Siddique, Muhammad Athar Abbas, Alaric W D'Souza, Carey-Ann D Burnham, Naeem Ali, Gautam Dantas

Open Access Publications

Poultry husbandry is important for the economic health of Pakistan, but the Pakistani poultry industry is negatively impacted by infections from

The Interplay Between Viral-Derived Mirnas And Host Immunity During Infection, Richa Mishra, Ashish Kumar, Harshad Ingle, Himanshu Kumar

Open Access Publications

MicroRNAs are short non-coding RNAs that play a crucial role in the regulation of gene expression during cellular processes. The host-encoded miRNAs are known to modulate the antiviral defense during viral infection. In the last decade, multiple DNA and RNA viruses have been shown to produce miRNAs known as viral miRNAs (v-miRNAs) so as to evade the host immune response. In this review, we highlight the origin and biogenesis of viral miRNAs during the viral lifecycle. We also explore the role of viral miRNAs in immune evasion and hence in maintaining chronic infection and disease. Finally, we offer insights into …

Visualization Of Positive And Negative Sense Viral Rna For Probing The Mechanism Of Direct-Acting Antivirals Against Hepatitis C Virus, Dandan Liu, Philip R Tedbury, Shuiyun Lan, Andrew D Huber, Maritza N Puray-Chavez, Juan Ji, Eleftherios Michailidis, Mohsan Saeed, Tanyaradzwa P Ndongwe, Leda C Bassit, Raymond F Schinazi, Robert Ralston, Charles M Rice, Stefan G Sarafianos

Open Access Publications

RNA viruses are highly successful pathogens and are the causative agents for many important diseases. To fully understand the replication of these viruses it is necessary to address the roles of both positive-strand RNA ((+)RNA) and negative-strand RNA ((-)RNA), and their interplay with viral and host proteins. Here we used branched DNA (bDNA) fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) to stain both the abundant (+)RNA and the far less abundant (-)RNA in both hepatitis C virus (HCV)- and Zika virus-infected cells, and combined these analyses with visualization of viral proteins through confocal imaging. We were able to phenotypically examine HCV-infected cells …

Potential Role Of Gut Microbiota In Induction And Regulation Of Innate Immune Memory, Shikha Negi, Deepjyoti Kumar Das, Susanta Pahari, Sajid Nadeem, Javed N Agrewala

Open Access Publications

The gut microbiota significantly regulates the development and function of the innate and adaptive immune system. The attribute of immunological memory has long been linked only with adaptive immunity. Recent evidence indicates that memory is also present in the innate immune cells such as monocytes/macrophages and natural killer cells. These cells exhibit pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) that recognize microbe- or pathogen-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs or PAMPs) expressed by the microbes. Interaction between PRRs and MAMPs is quite crucial since it triggers the sequence of signaling events and epigenetic rewiring that not only play a cardinal role in modulating the activation …

A Broad Spectrum Protein Glycosylation System Influences Type Ii Protein Secretion And Associated Phenotypes In Vibrio Cholerae, Dina Vorkapic, Mario F Feldman, Et Al

Open Access Publications

Protein secretion plays a crucial role for bacterial pathogens, exemplified by facultative human-pathogen

Adaptation Of Translational Machinery In Malaria Parasites To Accommodate Translation Of Poly-Adenosine Stretches Throughout Its Life Cycle, Jessey Erath, Sergej Djuranovic, Slavica Pavlovic Djuranovic

Open Access Publications

Malaria is caused by unicellular apicomplexan parasites of the genus

A Fatal Case Of Disseminated Microsporidiosis Due To Anncaliia Algerae In A Renal And Pancreas Allograft Recipient, Neil W. Anderson, Atis Muehlenbachs, Sana Arif, Jackrapong Bruminhent, Paul J. Deziel, Raymund R. Razonable, Mark P. Wilhelm, Maureen G. Metcalfe, Yvonne Qvarnstrom, Bobbi S. Pritt

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Need To Improve Availability Of "Access" Group Antibiotics And Reduce The Use Of "Watch" Group Antibiotics In India For Optimum Use Of Antibiotics To Contain Antimicrobial Resistance, Sumanth Gandra, Anita Kotwani

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Implementation Science For The Bedside, Elvin H. Geng

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Metabolomic Networks Connect Host-Microbiome Processes To Human Clostridioides Difficile Infections, John I. Robinson, William H. Weir, Jan R. Crowley, Tiffany Hink, Kimberly A. Reske, Jennie H. Kwon, Carey-Ann D. Burnham, Erik R. Dubberke, Peter J. Mucha, Jeffrey P. Henderson

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Plasmodium Niemann-Pick Type C1-Related Protein Is A Druggable Target Required For Parasite Membrane Homeostasis, Eva S. Istvan, Sudipta Das, Suyash Bhatnagar, Josh R. Beck, Edward Owen, Manuel Llinas, Suresh M. Ganesan, Jacquin C. Niles, Elizabeth Winzeler, Akhil B. Vaidya, Daniel E. Goldberg

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Re-Estimating Annual Deaths Due To Multidrug-Resistant Organism Infections, Jason P. Burnham, Margaret A. Olsen, Marin H. Kollef

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Involvement Of Surfactant Protein D In Ebola Virus Infection Enhancement Via Glycoprotein Interaction, Anne-Laure Favier, Olivier Reynard, Evelyne Gout, Martin Van Eijk, Henk P. Haagsman, Erika Crouch, Viktor Volchkov, Christophe Peyrefitte, Nicole M. Thielens

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Incidence And Etiology Of Fever Following Seasonal Influenza Vaccination In Hospitalized Patients, Kap Sum Foong, Ed Casabar, David K. Warren

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Dendritic Cell-Targeted Ph-Responsive Extracellular Vesicles For Anticancer Vaccination, Hyuk Lee, Hongsuk Park, Hyeong Sup Yu, Kun Na, Kyung Taek Oh, Eun Seong Lee

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Promising Recent Strategies With Potential Clinical Translational Value To Combat Antibacterial Resistant Surge, Partha Karmakar, Vishwanath Gaitonde

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Route Of Administration For Antibiotics With High Oral Bioavailability, Michael J. Smith, Cary Thurm, Samir S. Shah, Sameer J. Patel, Matthew P. Kronman, Jeffrey S. Gerber, Joshua D. Courter, Brian R. Lee, Jason G. Newland, Adam L. Hersh

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

A Hypothesis-Generating Study Of The Combination Of Aspirin Plus Macrolides In Patients With Severe Community-Acquired Pneumonia, Christopher Jones, Marin Kollef, Et Al

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

A Platform For Glycoengineering A Polyvalent Pneumococcal Bioconjugate Vaccine Using E. Coli As A Host, Anne E. Mayer, Sthefany M. Chavez, Jeremy P. Huynh, Rachel L. Kinsella, Christina L. Stallings, Mario F. Feldman

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

Clinical Characterization Of Host Response To Simian Hemorrhagic Fever Virus Infection In Permissive And Refractory Hosts: A Model For Determining Mechanisms Of Vhf Pathogenesis, Adam L. Bailey, Et Al

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.