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The Invasion Of Western Waters By Non-Native Species: Threats To The West, Western Regional Panel On Aquatic Nuisance Species

All U.S. Government Documents (Utah Regional Depository)

The waters of western North America are being transformed by invasive aquatic plants, fish, and other animals from around the world. These plants and animals, which have been introduced both intentionally and accidentally by humans, can irrevocably alter our native ecosystems. While they may be harmless in their own waters, once brought into a new ecosystem where their native predators do not exist, they can harm native species by eating their food, preying on them, transmitting diseases to which the natives have no defenses, or (like many invasive aquatic plants) simply outgrowing them. Not all non-native species cause serious problems, …

An Accelerated Feeding Study For Dairy Beef Steers, D. R. Zobell

All Archived Publications

A large number of Holstein bull (steer) calves are produced by the dairy industry. Producers who purchase these calves should understand that depending on the production strategy employed, the economic outcome could be quite broad. Dairy beef calves that are intensively managed, using aggressive feeding strategies to achieve high levels of efficiency, increase the opportunity for profitability.

Financing Long-Term Care: Insurance And Its Alternatives, Barbara Rowe

All Current Publications

No abstract provided.

Effect Of Cooling Rate On Nucleation Behavior Of Milk Fat-Sunflower Oil Blends, Silvana Martini, M. L. Herrera, R. W. Hartel

Nutrition, Dietetics, and Food Sciences Faculty Publications

The effect of cooling rate on the crystallization behavior of mixes of high-melting milk fat fraction (HMF) and sunflower oil (SFO) was studied by following nucleation with laser-polarized turbidimetry. The initial crystals were photographed, and their thermal and polymorphic behaviors, as well as chemical composition, were investigated by calorimetry, X-ray diffraction, and capillary gas chromatography. Activation energies of nucleation were calculated using the Fisher−Turnbull equation. Despite small differences in Mettler dropping points for different ratios of SFO to HMF, induction times were significantly different between samples and were shorter at a slow cooling rate for the same supercooling. Rapidly cooled …

Infectious Reproductive Diseases Of Small Ruminants, Clell Bagley

All Current Publications

Several diseases which infect small ruminants result in abortion or reduced fertility and some may also infect humans (zoonotic diseases).

Latino Children's Kindergarten Entry: Views Of Parents And Teachers, Shanda Stephens

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

This study examined parental and teacher expectations of kindergarten readiness of Latino children. The perceptions of Latino mothers, Latino fathers, and kindergarten teachers were analyzed and compared. Specifically, parents' and teachers' responses were compared in three areas: perceptions of what parents can do to prepare children for kindergarten, priorities for requisite kindergarten entry skills, and rankings of the importance of specified skills to be emphasized in kindergarten. Differences between kindergarten teachers' expectations for nonnative English-speaking children and native English-speaking children were also examined.

The parent sample consisted of 35 Latino mother/father pairs. All were parents of children who entered kindergarten …

Food And Drug Law Summer Internship Program: Issues In Food And Drug Law, Melinda Michelle Moss

Undergraduate Honors Capstone Projects

In recent years, the main food regulatory agency, the Food and Drug Administration, has faced a number of diverse and complicated issues. The impact of these issues has resonated throughout the entire food community. The coarse of action that regulators decide to take in coming years will change how the nation relates to food. Regulators and industry leaders must deal with the increased amount of responsibility they hold, the changing face of food products, contention between industry and consumers, and administrative shortcomings. Both the Food and Drug Administration and industry leaders are working to maintain the high level of food …

Risk Factors Associated With Multiple-Gestation Pregnancies: Nutrition In Maternal And Infant Complications, Vallarie B. Nuttall

Undergraduate Honors Capstone Projects

This paper discusses the maternal and neonatal risk factors associated with multiple birth pregnancies. Nutrition implications associated with nutritional care of the high-risk infant and obstetric population are emphasized. Statistical information was gathered concerning the population growth of multiple births over the past twenty years. Literature to identify both maternal and neonatal risk factors associated with multiple gestation pregnancies was also reviewed. Studies conducted over the past twenty years have shown that there has been an increase (25%-50%) in the amount of twin births throughout the world. Studies indicate that this increase was actually greater in the U.S. when compared …

Phytochemicals And Health, Heather Rebecca Stone

Undergraduate Honors Capstone Projects

Objectives: Define phytochemicals as currently recognized in the United States and discuss food sources. Identify aims and challenges of current research. Review touted health effects of phytochemicals in cancer, cardiovascular disease (CVD), immune function, and other benefits. Present dietary recommendations. Methods: A literature search was conducted through Medline to find peer-reviewed journal articles from the past five years. Articles were found that identified the compounds and highlighted recent research relating phytochemicals to disease. The review of literature focused on an introductory understanding of phytochemicals. Results: Studies show that phytochemicals are undefined under current U.S. food regulations. They are biologically …

Factors Influencing Milk Consumption In An Elementary School Lunch Program, Andrea G. Payne

All Graduate Plan B and other Reports, Spring 1920 to Spring 2023

This study investigated milk consumption in an elementary school and whether it could be affected by milk temperature and/or nutrition education. This study was of interest because of the increasing amount of nutritionally related diseases, and the effect that calcium intake could have in diminishing some of those diseases. It was also of interest because the younger generation is drinking less milk and more soda, therefore setting themselves up for nutritionally related diseases later in life.

The study was conducted at an elementary school containing grades K-5. The study was conducted Monday through Friday for a seven week time period. …

Predicting Successful Weight Loss Maintenance With The Health Locus Of Control And Other Behavioral Modification Factors, Kimberley Ann Mcmahon

All Graduate Plan B and other Reports, Spring 1920 to Spring 2023

The purpose of this study was to determine if health locus of control (LOC) is a reliable indicator of weight Joss maintenance. It was hypothesized that a high internal locus of control (ILOC) is a reliable indicator for weight loss maintenance in individuals, while external locus of control (ELOC) contributes to weight re-gain after weight loss.

The study involved 203 adults who completed a seven section questionnaire. Subjects were separated into groups based on their sub-category of locus of control, as well as their degree within the sub-category (high, moderate, or low in either internal (ILOC), external (ELOC), or fate, …

Factors That Influence High School Student Participation In United States Department Of Agriculture School Lunch Nutrition Programs, Rebecca S. Mckinnon

All Graduate Plan B and other Reports, Spring 1920 to Spring 2023

The survey investigated factors that influenced high school student participation in the National School Lunch Program. The National School Lunch program provides nutritionally balanced meals based on the Dietary Guidelines for Americans, the Recommended Dietary Allowances, and the Food Guide Pyramid. This nutrition program contributes significantly to the nutrient needs of adolescents, however, participation rates are low and students do not receive the health benefits associated with this nutrition program when they do not participate.

The survey was conducted in two high schools, both with grades sophomore through senior. The two high schools had distinct differences in location, cafeteria design …

Mothers' Eating Beliefs And Behaviors And Their Relationship To Daughters' Bulimic And Anorexic Symptoms, Colette M. Candy

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The present study examined whether there was a relationship between daughters' eating disorder symptomology and maternal food control and health-conscious eating attitudes. Eighty-eight females with a continuum of eating disorder behaviors (DSM-IV eating disorders through nondieters) and 74 of their mothers participated. Participants completed the Anorexia Bulimia Inventory, two subscales from the Eating Disorder Inventory, the Three Factor Eating Questionnaire, the Family Environment Scale, the Maternal Food Control and Meal Preparation Scale, and the Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability Scale.

Results indicated that, in general, daughters' reported eating disorder symptomology and perceived familial control were related. Some of the more specific …

Biochemistry And Application Of Exopolysaccharide Production In Mozzarella Cheese Starter Cultures, Brent Petersen

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

This study sought to investigate the role of the C₅₅ undecaprenol lipid carrier in the production of exopolysaccharide (EPS), the effect of exopolysaccharide producing (EPS⁺) starter cultures on the viscosity of Mozzarella cheese whey, and the possible protective characteristics of capsular EPS against freezing and freeze drying. Efforts to investigate the role of the lipid carrier in EPS production employed pAMbacA, a plasmid that encodes an enterococcallipid kinase that confers bacitracin resistance by increasing intracellular levels of undecaprenol phosphate lipid carrier. Unfortunately, this avenue of study was thwarted by the inability to demonstrate bacA …

The Arginine Deiminase Pathway In Lactococci: Physiological Role And Molecular Characterization, Lan-Szu Chou

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Lactococcus is an economically important group in lactic acid bacteria (LAB) that are often used in the dairy industry as starters for cheese production. Good starter strains should possess the ability to grow, ferment milk sugar, and produce desirable flavor compounds during cheese making. Therefore, it is essential to understand the physiology of these starters during cheese processing in order to obtain high-quality cheese products.

Cheese manufacturing compromises several stress factors that affect the growth of starter lactococci. Among these stressed environmental parameters, sugar starvation is the most important one to overcome to obtain energy for cellular processes. It is …

Relationship Between Cag Repeats Of The N Terminal Region Of The Androgen Receptor And Body Shape, Michael John Wen

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Androgen receptor (AR) gene CAG polymorphisms may be associated with body shape, and are associated with certain breast and prostate cancers. In addition, body shape is associated with risk for a variety of diseases, including heart disease, diabetes, and certain forms of cancer. The CAG repeat in exon l of the AR gene was quantified using Perkin Elmer Applied Biosystems GeneScan analysis software in 96 and 59 healthy Caucasian men and women, respectively, who were over the age of 50 years. All participants had body measurements taken and donated a blood sample. Waist measurements included circumferences at the 1) umbilicus …

Religious Activity And Mortality In The Elderly: The Cache County Study, Andrea D. Hart

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

No study, to date, has systematically examined the interplay of social contact, depression, functional disability, and cardiovascular health when examining the relation between religious activity and all -cause mortality. This study used Cox regression models as well as a series of structural equation models to elucidate these relations and resultant mortality over a 5-year period. This sample included 3,607 persons, age 65 and older, who participated in the Cache County Study on Memory in Aging, and who were not demented. Results indicate that when using Cox regression modeling, after controlling for other variables related to mortality, both religious activity and …

Energy, Fractal Movement Patterns, And Scale-Dependent Habitat Relationships Of Urban And Rural Mule Deer, Mark F. Mcclure

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

I studied the behaviors, movement dynamics, habitat relationships, and population characteristics of Rocky Mountain mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) using urban and rural winter ranges in Cache Valley, Utah, from January 1994 to February 1998. There were 2 goals to my research endeavors. The first was to assess how and why the behaviors and demographic characteristics of urban deer differed from those of rural deer. The second was to assess the scale-dependent responses to habitat and the scale-dependent patterns of habitat use by deer living in each area. To accomplish the first goal, I compared the prevalence of migration, the spatial …

The Efficacy Of Plant Residue Degradation Products On Phosphorus, Iron, Iodine, And Fluorine Bioavailability To Plants, Cheryl L. Mackowiak

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Plant and animal wastes degrade in soils to form relatively stable humified compounds, which form ion complexes that affect the bioavailability of elements in the soil solution. Hydroponic studies with wheat and rice were conducted to characterize the effect of humic acid (HA) on phosphorus (P), iron (Fe), fluorine (F), and iodine (I) bioavailability. Ferrihydrite [Fe(OH)₃] precipitation was greater on root surfaces without HA or synthetic chelates. Oxides such as ferrihydrite strongly adsorb P and provide exchange sites for metals. HA reduced this precipitate and increased P and Fe uptake.

Humic acid had no effect on F toxicity …

Effects Of High Ammonium/Nitrate Ratios On Nitrification And Growth Of Wheat In Hydroponics, Dawn J. Muhlestein

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Nitrogen is the only plant nutrient taken up as both a cation (NH₄⁺) and anion (NO₃^-). Nitrate is considered the "safe" form of N and NH/ is generally thought to be toxic, especially at high levels. High NH₄⁺/NO₃^- ratios are thought to be toxic because they result in a rhizosphere pH low enough to damage root membranes, induced cation deficiencies, and build-up of NH3 caused by delayed NH/ assimilation. These factors can be minimized in hydroponic culture. The objective of these studies was to quantify the effects of high …

Non-Clinical Risk Factors Of Hysterectomy, Chung-Won Lee

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

In the United States, hysterectomy is one of the most commonly performed operations for women that is not related with pregnancy. However, not enough attention has been paid to how women's exposure to the surgery differs according to their social characteristics as well attitudinal/behavioral factors. Using cohort data from the National Longitudinal Surveys of Mature Women, this study investigated two aspects: (1) the association between socioeconomic status and hysterectomy and (2) the impact of women's attitudinal/behavioral characteristics on hysterectomy. With Cox proportional hazards analyses, this study found that women's exposure to hysterectomy significantly differs according to their social and attitudinal …

The Relationship Of Milk Urea Nitrogen And Dhia Production Variables In Western Commercial Dairy Herds, Rachael G. Johnson

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Monthly individual cow DHIA test records (approximately 90,000) from 96 Holstein and Jersey herds from Utah, Idaho, and Montana were analyzed used the Mixed procedure in SAS to determine the relationships of milk production parameters to milk urea N (MUN). Records spanned two consecutive years ending December 2000. Means for Holsteins were 34.1 kg/d milk yield, 15.2 mg/dl MUN, 3.18% milk protein, 3.5% milk fat, and 280,000 somatic cell count. Mean MUN for Holsteins was lowest in fall (Oct.-Dec) and highest in winter and spring. Cows with highest milk protein percent (≥ 3.2%) had lowest MUN over all levels of …

Realizing The Impact Of Injection Site Lesions, Clell Bagley

All Current Publications

A major effort has been made by the beef industry in recent years to reduce the economic loss from injection site lesions. Injections of almost any vaccine or medication causes some lesion. The extent, severity and economic loss of the resulting lesion can be greatly reduced with cleanliness and by use of careful techniques for the placement of product into specific, designated sites.

Vaccination Programs For Dairy Young Stock, Clell Bagley

All Current Publications

Vaccines are an important tool to use in herd health programs for the protection of animal health. However, vaccines often do not protect health by themselves, and should be used in conjunction with good management practices. The timing of vaccination and selection of product type are important considerations.

Utah State University Extension Addressing Energy Issues, Dennis Hinkamp

All Current Publications

No abstract provided.

Energy Efficiency Can Help You Get A Home, Dennis Hinkamp

All Current Publications

It is a little known and seldom used financing tool, but Energy Efficient Mortgages (EEMs) can increase your buying power when looking for a home.

Chapter 04: Household Economy And Community Dynamics At San José Llanga, Corinne Valdivia, Christian Jetté, Lisa Markowitz, Jorge Céspedes, João S. De Queiroz, Carmen Murillo Quiroga, Elizabeth Dunn

Sustaining Agropastoralism on the Bolivian Altiplano: The Case of San José Llanga

This chapter has several main purposes. One is to provide a contemporary image of the peasant production system at San José Llanga (SJL) from 1992 to 1995, the years of our field research. Another purpose is to provide a framework of the historical processes that have influenced local society in this century. We wanted to know about standards of living, diets and food security, income and expenditure patterns, gender roles and aspirations of the people. We wanted to know about population dynamics, community leadership, resource tenure and off-farm activities. We wanted information on the types of crops and livestock produced …

Complete Document, David Layne Coppock, Corinne Valdivia

Sustaining Agropastoralism on the Bolivian Altiplano: The Case of San José Llanga

No abstract provided.

Soil, Water And Plant Tissue Testing In Utah Orchards, Richard T. Koenig, Thor Lindstrom

All Archived Publications

No abstract provided.

Chapter 01: Project Objectives And Research Approach, D. Layne Coppock, Corinne Valdivia

Sustaining Agropastoralism on the Bolivian Altiplano: The Case of San José Llanga

In this chapter we briefly describe the origin, mandate, organisation and philosophy of the Small Ruminant Collaborative Research Support Programme (SR-CRSP). This is approached from a global perspective to a local perspective relevant to Bolivia.