Digital Commons Network^™

Microbial Ecology Of An Animal Waste-Fueled Induced Blanket Reactor, Steven C. Curtis

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Use of an induced blanket reactor (IBR) to break down organic matter into methane is a financially attractive method to reduce the environmental impact of animal or industrial waste. In order to better understand the biological processes involved with the conversion of waste to biogas by an IBR, it is necessary to gain a better understanding of the microorganisms and their roles in the reactor. Molecular techniques based on the isolation of 16S rDNA were used in order to avoid the limitations posed by conventional culture-based techniques. Total DNA was extracted and amplified using universal primers specific to eubacteria and …

Addition Of Three Dietary Fibers In An Extruded Whey And Cornstarch Expanded Snack Food, Alisha M. Wood

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Different fiber types were incorporated in an extruded expanded high-protein snack food. Three dietary fibers (powdered cellulose, wheat fiber, and oat fiber) were selected based on ease of extrusion, percent total dietary fiber, visible expansion, and commercial availability. A high-fiber, high-protein snack food containing whey protein, normal cornstarch, and pregelatinized waxy cornstarch was extruded using the three selected fibers. The fibers replaced the normal cornstarch at 30, 60, and 80% yielding extrudates with three fiber levels (18, 36, and 48%). Each treatment or combination of fiber type and extrudate fiber level was extruded in triplicate. A control with no fiber …

Smoking, Anemia, And Risk Of Oral Clefts In Utah, Melinda Michelle Moss

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Cigarette smoke contains sufficient carbon monoxide to induce maternal and fetal hypoxia. Hypoxia is a known teratogen, and consequently maternal smoking has been the focus of many studies on adverse birth outcomes, including cleft lip and palate. Current literature of epidemiological studies on smoking and clefts suggests a modest but statistically significant increase in risk of clefting associated with maternal smoking. A biological condition that may also contribute to hypoxia is anemia. Data from the Utah Child and Family Health Study was used to assess the effects of hypoxia-inducing conditions, maternal smoking, anemia, and their interaction, on the risk of …

Assessing The Cognitive Development Of A Sample Of Infants In Paraguay, Shannon Peairson

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

There is very little research to date on infant development in developing countries, including Paraguay. The present study aimed to determine the effects of Pastoral del Nino, an ECD program, in rural Paraguay by assessing two groups of infants. Group 1 (n = 50) was receiving no intervention and group 2 (n =58) was participating in Pastoral del Nino. Both groups were matched for SES and age of infant. Results indicate that group 2 performed better on the Bayley Scales of Infant Development Mental Development Index. Group 1 had a mean MDI score of 77.96 and group 2 …

Tapirs And Rhinoceroses In Captivity: An Examination Of The North American Captive Populations And Their Husbandry, Lisa A. Nordstrom

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

All species of Tapiridae and Rhinocerotidae are threatened or endangered in the wild. Captive populations have been established for most of these species, but successful management has proved challenging. Effective ex situ conservation strategies, however, rely on the ability of zoological institutions to maintain and breed these endangered species. In this study, I examined the captive environment to identify the factors associated with reproduction, mortality, and health of rhinos and tapirs. Zoological institutions in the North American region that currently housed rhinos and/or tapirs were surveyed in 2003. Attaining an approximately 90% response rate, I compiled information on the following …

Vascular Plant Species Richness And Distribution In A Heterogeneous Landscape, Kelly J. Mccloskey

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The distribution of vascular plant species and species richness in a mid-elevation Rocky Mountain landscape can be attributed to a number of variables. The distribution of species with respect to physiognomic type, patch size, shape, and environmental heterogeneity was assessed for a mosaic landscape comprised of conifer forest, deciduous forest, and shrub-steppe physiognomic types in the southwest comer of Grand Teton National Park, Wyoming. This vegetation is representative of that found in other montane landscapes of the central Rocky Mountains. The vegetation was mapped to physiognomic type; distinct vegetation patches were sampled using one or more small (50 m^{2 …}

Therapeutic Processes In A Cognitive-Behavioral Treatment For Depressed Adolescents With Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Meredith Brent

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Youth with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have higher rates of depression than healthy youth. A cognitive-behavioral treatment, primary and secondary control enhancement training-physical illness (PASCET-PI), for depressed adolescents with IBD was associated with reductions in depressive symptoms. The purpose of this study was to examine the salience of nonspecific processes (factors inherent in any human relationship) and specific processes (factors related to therapy content) during PASCET-PI sessions and their association with improvements in psychological functioning.

Participants included 10 adolescent patients with IBD with mean illness duration of 31.9 months. At intake, eight participants qualified for a diagnosis of major depressive …

Raising A Bucket Calf, Robert Pate

All Current Publications

The 4-H Bucket Calf Project is designed for youth up through the summer of their 8th grade year.

A Probabilistic Approach To Model The Nonisothermal Nucleation Of Triacylglycerol Melts, Alejandro G. Marangoni, Thomas C. Aurand, Silvana Martini, Michel Ollivon

Nutrition, Dietetics, and Food Sciences Faculty Publications

Crystallization studies are usually performed under isothermal conditions. Kinetic parameters characterizing the isothermal nucleation and growth processes can be obtained using classical nucleation and growth models. However, crystallization regimes found in nature, as well as those used in food and pharmaceutical processing, are rarely isothermal. Focusing on the nucleation stage, the approach followed in this work was to define a new parameter to characterize the driving force of nucleation, the supercooling-time exposure (β), which not only depends on the difference between the melting temperature (Tm) and the onset temperature of nucleation (Tc) ΔTc but also on the induction time of …

Curriculum Subcommittee Minutes, April 6, 2006, Utah State University

Educational Policies Committee

Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences

• Prerequisite Change, Course Description Change

Department of Business Information Systems

• Prerequisite Change
• Title Change, Prerequisite Change

Department of Family, Consumer, and Human Development

• Title Change, Credit Hour Change, Course Description Change

Department of Health, Physical Education and Recreation

• New Course
• Title Change, Course Description Change
• Course Description Change
• Prerequisite Change
• Delete Course

Department of Secondary Education

• Delete Course

Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering

• Add Corequisite

Department of Engineering and Technology Education

• Prerequisite Change

Department of Art

• Title Change, Credit Hour Change
• Delete Course

Department of English

• Repeatable for Credit

Department of History

• New …

The Water Vapor Permeability Of Polycrystalline Fat Barrier Films, Silvana Martini, D. A. Kim, M. Ollivon, A. G. Marangoni

Nutrition, Dietetics, and Food Sciences Faculty Publications

The water vapor permeability of fat barrier films has been associated with structural characteristics such as polymorphism, crystal size, and chemical composition, among others. However, no mechanistic models have been proposed to describe this relationship. In this study, we have determined the effects of processing conditions on the structure and physicochemical characteristics of four fats and their relationship to water vapor permeability. Results suggest that the solids' volume fraction and the domain size of the fat crystals seem to be the most important factors controlling water vapor migration. Moreover, materials with relatively large crystalline domains will yield malleable films with …

Supplementation Of Energy And Protein For Beef Cattle, A Literature Review, D. Zobell

All Current Publications

On cattle production operations, a forage diet often will not provide the necessary nutrients to meet the demands of grazing cattle throughout the year. Therefore, supplementation may be necessary to aid in meeting the demands of production.

Curriculum Subcommittee Minutes, February 2, 2006, Utah State University

Educational Policies Committee

Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences

• New Course

Department of Management and Human Resources

• Delete Course

Department of Health, Physical Education and Recreation

• Delete Course

Department of Psychology

• Credit Hour Change, Prerequisite Change

Department of Biological and Irrigation Engineering

• New Course
• Prerequisite Change

Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering

• Credit Hour Change, Course Description Change
• Prerequisite Change

Department of Engineering and Technology Education

• New Course

Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering

• New Course

Department of English

• Change to Pass/Fail only

Department of History

• New Course

Department of Music

• Change to Pass/Fail only

Department of Political Science

• Change to Pass/Fail only …

Livestock Grazing And The Utah Prairie Dog: Implications For Managing The Awapa, Jack Berryman

All Current Publications

Livestock Grazing and the Utah Prairie Dog: Implictions for Managing the AWAPA

Beneath These Red Cliffs, Ronald L. Holt

All USU Press Publications

In this new and updated edition---with a foreword by Lora Tom, chairwoman of the Paiute Indian Tribe of Utah---Holt recounts the survival of a people against all odds. A compound of rapid white settlement of the most productive Southern Paiute homelands, especially their farmlands near tributaries of the Colorado River; conversion by and labor for the Mormon settlers; and government neglect placed the Utah Paiutes in a state of dependency that ironically culminated in the 1957 termination of their status as federally recognized Indians. The recognition and attendant services were not restored until 1980, but the act revived the Paiutes' …

Estimating The Market Demand For Value-Added Beef: Testing For Bse Announcement Effects Using A Nesting Piglog Model Approach, Steven S. Vickner, Deevon Bailey, Al Dustin

Economic Research Institute Study Papers

To analyze the market demand for fresh retail meats in the grocery store distribution channel, we build upon a well-developed micro economic model of consumer choice that incorporates the role information plays in individual decision-making (Swartz and Strand; Smith, van Ravenswaay and Thompson; Brown and Schrader; Wessells, Miller and Brooks; Piggott; Piggott and Marsh; Kalaitzandonakes, Marks and Vickner; Marks, Kalaitzandonakes and Vickner). Mathios (2000) in particular investigated the impact of labels on a processed food market using a random utility model. Teisl, Bockstael and Levy (2001) used the Foster and Just (1989) framework in conjunction with an Almost Ideal Demand …

Terpenes And Carbohydrate Source Influence Rumen Fermentation, Digestibility, Intake, And Preference In Sheep, J. J. Villalba, F. D. Provenza, K. C. Olson

Green Canyon Environmental Research Area, Logan Utah

We hypothesized that toxins and nutrients in foods interact to influence foraging behavior by herbivores. Based on this hypothesis we predicted that 1) terpenes in big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata) influence intake and preference in sheep for diets varying in sources of nonstructural (barley grain) and structural (sugar beet pulp) carbohydrates, and 2) these effects are due to the differential effects of terpenes on fermentation products and apparent digestibility of each class of carbohydrates. Lambs were fed 2 isoenergetic and isonitrogenous diets with varying proportions of the same ingredients (beet pulp- and barley grain-based diet) or offered a choice between the …

Livestock Grazing And The Utah Prairie Dog: Implications For Managing The Awapa, R. D. Elmore, Terry A. Messmer

Wildland Resources Faculty Publications

The Utah prairie dog (Cynomys parvidens) is a federally listed species that occurs only in southwestern Utah. The Awapa Plateau in south-central Utah is one of three Utah prairie dog recovery areas. The prairie dog population in this area is below recovery goals established in 1991 by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). In 2002, the USFWS approved three Utah prairie dog mitigation banks on the Awapa Plateau. Little information exists regarding how these mitigation banks should be managed to optimize benefits for the species. Past research has suggested that management actions to reduce shrub canopy cover …

Utah Science Vol. 63 No. 1, 2006

Utah Science

2 Copy CATTLE

8 BACTERIA: THE BACKBONE OF FERMENTATION

14 GREEN GENES

36 TEACHINC CHILDREN TO FICHT BAC!

26 2006 projects & Financial Report

17 SEEDS: New people, grants and contracts in science

19 SYNTHESIS: Science at Utah State

40 SEEK: Students in science

41 SEARCH: Science on the web

General Catalog 2006-2007, Utah State University

University Catalogs

Contains course descriptions, University college calendar, and college administration

Comparative Toxicosis Of Sodium Selenite And Selenomethionine In Lambs, A. K. Tiwary, B. L. Stegelmeier, K. E. Panter, L. F. James, Jeffery O. Hall

Animal, Dairy, and Veterinary Science Faculty Publications

Excess consumption of selenium (Se) accumulator plants can result in selenium intoxication. The objective of the study reported here was to compare the acute toxicosis caused by organic selenium (selenomethionine) found in plants with that caused by the supplemental, inorganic form of selenium (sodium selenite). Lambs were orally administered a single dose of selenium as either sodium selenite or selenomethionine and were monitored for 7 days, after which they were euthanized and necropsied. Twelve randomly assigned treatment groups consisted of animals given 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4 mg of Se/kg of body weight as sodium selenite, or 0, 1, …

Factors Affecting Greater Sage-Grouse Habitat Use In Utah's West Desert, J. D. Robinson, Terry A. Messmer

Wildland Resources Faculty Publications

Two species of sage-grouse occur within the western United States, the greater sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus) and the Gunnison sage-grouse (C. minimus). The Gunnison sage-grouse is a candidate species for listing under the Endangered Species Act. This species occurs in a small range in southwest Colorado and southeast Utah. The greater sage-grouse occurs in a larger range throughout the western United States.

Enhanced Nutty Flavor Formation In Cheddar Cheese Made With Malty Lactococcus Lactis Adjunct Culture, M. E. Carunchia Whetstine, M. A. Drake, Jeff Broadbent, Donald J. Mcmahon

Nutrition, Dietetics, and Food Sciences Faculty Publications

Nutty flavor in Cheddar cheese is desirable, and recent research demonstrated that 2- and 3-methyl butanal and 2-methyl propanal were primary sources of nutty flavors in Cheddar. Because malty strains of Lac-tococcus lactis (formerly Streptococcus lactis var. malti-genes) are characterized by the efficient production of these and other Strecker aldehydes during growth, this study investigated the influence of a malty L. lactis adjunct culture on nutty flavor development in Cheddar cheese. Cheeses made with different adjunct levels (0, 10(4) cfu/mL, and 10(5) cfu/mL) were ripened at 5 or 13 degrees C and analyzed after 1 wk, 4 mo, and 8 …

Agro-Pastoralists’ Wrath For The Prosopis Tree: The Case Of The Il Chamus Of Baringo District, Kenya, D. Layne Coppock, Abdillahi A. Aboud, Phillip K. Kisoyan

Environment and Society Faculty Publications

Indigenous to Peru, Chile, and Argentina, the woody plant called Prosopis juliflora (also known by the American common name of “Honey Mesquite”) has spread world-wide in recent decades, including rangelands throughout Latin America, North America, south and central Asia, Australia, and sub-Saharan Africa. A species known for rapid establishment, high adaptability, and fast rates of growth, its dispersal has primarily been a consequence of intentional introduction by well- meaning “technical experts” who wanted to provide a new source of fodder, fuel wood, or a means to combat desertification in arid and semi-arid lands. One problem, however, is that unless Prosopis …

Linking Pastoralists And Exporters In A Livestock Marketing Chain: Recent Experiences From Ethiopia, D. Layne Coppock, Solomon Desta, Getachew Gebru, Seyoum Tezera

Environment and Society Faculty Publications

The Boran of southern Ethiopia have been traditionally viewed as unwilling or unable to engage in large scale, commercialized livestock trade. Here we report on the creation of a new livestock marketing chain from the Borana Plateau to export outlets largely serving the Gulf States. Since 2003 various meetings and exchange tours were organized by collaborating agencies and PARIMA to directly link pastoral producers with livestock exporters and policy makers. This occurred against a backdrop of growing export demand for small ruminants, rapid development of private export industry, formation of well-trained pastoral marketing groups (often dominated by women), and provision …

Degree Of Sedentarization Affects Risks And Conflicts For The Waso Boran In Northern Kenya, D. Layne Coppock, Abdullahi D. Jillo, Mark N. Mutinda, Abdilla A. Aboud

Environment and Society Faculty Publications

The Waso Borana have lived for over a century in northern Kenya. In the last few decades, however, their ability to maintain their traditions has been severely challenged. Here we report survey results from 540 households in Isiolo District, stratified among three groups differing in terms of lifestyle: sedentary, semi-sedentary, and mobile. In some cases these groups vary with respect to important perceived risks, causes of natural-resource related conflict, and possible solutions to conflict. For example, sedentary respondents often noted concerns over land tenure problems, human diseases, and political incitement. Mobile respondents, in contrast, often noted primary concerns over drought, …

Curriculum Subcommittee Minutes, November 3, 2005, Utah State University

Educational Policies Committee

General Education

• Change to PF grade

Department of Agricultural Systems Technology and Education

• Prerequisite Change

Department of Animal, Dairy and Veterinary Sciences

• Change Multiple List

Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences

• New Course
• Change Multiple List

School of Accountancy

• Delete Course

Department of Communicative Disorders and Deaf Education

• Credit Hour Change

Department of Family, Consumer, and Human Development

• New Course
• Delete Course

Department of Health, Physical Education and Recreation

• Delete Course

Department of Special Education and Rehabilitation

• Credit Hour Change
• Title Change, Course Description Change
• Delete Course

Department of Psychology

• Delete Course

Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering

• University Studies …

Curriculum Subcommittee Minutes, October 6, 2005, Utah State University

Educational Policies Committee

Department of Agricultural Systems Technology and Education

• Add Multiple List

Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences

• Prerequisite Change

College of Education and Human Services

• Prerequisite Change

Department of Communicative Disorders and Deaf Education

• Credit Hour Change
• Title Change
• Delete Course

Department of Elementary Education

• Course Number Change

Department of Family, Consumer, and Human Development

• New Course
• Title Change, Credit Hour Change
• Title Change
• Prerequisite Change
• Delete Course

Department of Health, Physical Education and Recreation

• Course Number Change

Department of Psychology

• Prerequisite Change

Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering

• Delete Course

Department of Art

• Prerequisite Change

Department of English

• Add Repeatable …

Educational Policies Committee Minutes, October 6, 2005, Utah State University

Educational Policies Committee

• Subcommittee Reports
• Curriculum Subcommittee
• Academic Standards Subcommittee
• General Education Subcommittee
• Course Approvals
• Syllabus Approval

Curriculum Subcommittee Minutes, September 1, 2005, Utah State University

Educational Policies Committee

College of Agriculture

• New Course, New Prefix

Department of Agricultural Systems Technology and Education

• Credit Hour Change
• Delete Course

Department of Animal, Dairy and Veterinary Sciences

• Delete Course

Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences

• Title Change, Credit Hour Change, Course Description Change, Course Number Change
• Credit Hour Change, Course Description Change, Course Number Change
• Title Change, Course Description Change
• Credit Hour Change, Course Number Change
• Delete Course

Department of Plants, Soils and Biometeorology

• University Studies Request
• Delete Course

Department of Business Information Systems

• New Course

Department of Elementary Education

• New Course

Department of Health, Physical Education and Recreation

• Prerequisite Change …