Digital Commons Network^™

Day-Specific Time Use By Underachieving Adolescents, Dorothy Jean Cassingham

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The data for this study were obtained in October 1989 through the use of a 128-item questionnaire given to students attending an alternative high school in Ogden, Utah. The Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale was included as part of the questionnaire. A total of 166 usable questionnaires were received from the students.

The objectives of this research were to determine if relationships between self-esteem, race, gender, and religion and time use could be detected in at-risk adolescents. The data collected indicate that self-esteem, religion, gender, and race have only slight significance upon the self-reported time use of the alternative high school student. …

Irrigation Management Considering Soil Variability And Climatic Uncertainty, Dani Or

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The increase in multipurpose use of water resources, dwindling xii water supplies, and a decline in the economic viability of many agricultural operations make efficient irrigation management imperative. Soil variability and climatic uncertainty are major obstacles to efficient irrigation management due to a lack of reliable information for decision making. This study was aimed at identifying sources of uncertainty and examining methods for reducing the effects of uncertainty on irrigation scheduling schemes.

A method for spatial-temporal estimation that combines spatial information from few measurements with a physically based model of the system dynamics is proposed. The spatial phase of the …

The Effect Of Seasonal Cattle Grazing On California Bighorn Sheep Habitat Use, Melanie J. Steinkamp

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The effect of seasonal cattle grazing on a newly reintroduced population of California bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis californiana) in Big Cottonwood Canyon, Idaho, was studied. The hypothesis that bighorn sheep avoid cattle was tested. The issue of avoidance between bighorn sheep and livestock is arguable. Some studies have found that bighorn sheep avoid cattle while others have found no response of bighorn sheep to cattle.

Evidence was found to document the avoidance of cattle by bighorn sheep. The size of the bighorn's home range and core area decreased with the movement of cattle into areas of high bighorn …

Laramide Deformation In Precambrian Granitic Rocks, Northeastern Wind River Range, Wyoming, Mark A. Dubois

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Fractures and faults in the Jakey's Fork area, northeastern Wind River Range, Wyoming, caused by brittle Laramide deformation in the Precambrian granitic basement have been studied in detail at airphoto, outcrop, and thin-section scales. The study area is bounded on the south by the approximately east-west and vertical Jakey's Fork Fault and on the east by the approximately northwest-southeast and vertical Ross Lakes Fault. Both were active during Laramide deformation. Four distinct structural domains, defined by fracture pat terns and proximity to the two major faults nave emerged in this study. The areas are: 1) Along Ross Lakes Fault granite …

Substrate Concentration, Calcium Concentration And Κ-Casein Hydrolysis In Milk Coagulation, Fenjin He

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Milk coagulation consists of four overlapping phases: enzymic hydrolysis, micelle aggregation, gelation and syneresis. The objectives of this study were to determine the effects of added CaCl₂ on milk coagulation and the relationship between enzymic hydrolysis and micelle aggregation with substrate at different concentrations.

Addition of CaCl₂ to milk is widely practiced in industry and in laboratories. This changes calcium concentration, pH and ionic strength. It is impossible to separate these three variables and investigate each one independently.

Addition of low levels of CaCl₂ shortens coagulation time and increases curd firming rate. Low levels of CaCl_{2 …}

Production And Inefficiency, Arunava Bhattacharyya

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The overall purpose of this three-part dissertation is to specify and estimate various components of inefficiency in the production and profit-generating processes. Flexibility in inefficiency-measurement techniques is introduced using stochastic functional forms to overcome the restrictions of the simplifying assumptions used in previous studies. In addition, the profit function approach is used to measure firm specific inefficiency and to view profit inefficiency in the multiple output context. Empirical application of each approach is also attempted. Application of the measurement of the inefficiency component in the first two essays is made using data taken from Indian agriculture. The multiple output model …

The Effects Of Disease, Prey Fluctuation, And Clear-Cutting On American Marten In Newfoundland, Canada, Richard J. Fredrickson

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Individual variation in survival and behavior of American marten (Martes americana) was studied in relation to disease, prey fluctuation, and clear-cutting from 10 January 1986 through 20 August 1987 in Newfoundland, Canada. Thirty-seven of forty marten captured on the study area were telemetered and monitored for part or all of the study.

Marten mortality was concentrated in two intervals, fall 1986 and late winter 1987. Mortality during fall 1986 was attributable to encephalitis, while marten deaths during late winter 1987 resulted from predation and starvation attributable to the prey decline. Nonsuppurative encephalitis was first detected 7 October 1986; …

A Descriptive Study Of Range Livestock Operations In The Somali Central Rangelands, Abdinasir M. Abdulle

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Information on livestock operations, particularly what kind of livestock operations are practiced in the Somali central rangelands, and how these operations differ for different herders in different vegetation types and farming systems, could serve as a major tool in making management decisions. This study provides a detailed description of range livestock operations in the Somali Central Rangelands. It also answers some important management questions.

Range livestock operations were inventoried through personal interviews with the owners and herders. Data are supplemented by previous nation-wide and regional survey statistics. Herd productivity data which include herd structures, age, age-related sales, slaughters, gifts, and …

Survival Of Trout Strains As Affected By Limnological Parameters, Wayne A. Wurtsbaugh, Timothy Modde, Chris Luecke, Cheryl Courtney

Watershed Sciences Faculty Publications

Juvenile rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss. (ca. 80 mm S.L.) stocked into mid-elevation reservoirs in Utah are vulnerable to predation from piscivorous fish and birds. I determined how effectively juvenile trout used cover to avoid these predators by using direct observations (snorkel transects) on habitat selection in two reservoirs. Observations of juvenile trout were conducted within five weeks of stocking in 1988 and 1989. During the day juvenile trout were abundant in complex inshore habitats. Juvenile trout actively fed during the day but the time of peak feeding was variable. Large Daphnia made of > 95% of the diet of juvenile trout. …

Trophic Interactions Between Fish And Invertebrates In Bear Lake, Utah-Idaho, Wayne A. Wurtsbaugh, Charles P. Hawkins

Watershed Sciences Faculty Publications

An intensive study of the limnology, invertebrates and fishes of Bear Lake was conducted in 1987 in order to define the productivity and food web of the community. Limno10gica1 parameters and invertebrates were measured at approximately monthly intervals while fish distribution and feeding was analyzed in February, June, August, and October. Samples were collected at three to eight stations along a transect running from the shallow littoral area on the west side of the lake, to the deep profundal zone.

Multielement Analysis Of Biological Materials By Particle-Induced X-Ray Emission (Pixe), Willy Maenhaut

Scanning Microscopy

An analytical particle-induced X-ray emission (PIXE) procedure for the multielement analysis of biological materials consists of various stages. These include sample and specimen preparation, specimen bombardment, spectral data processing, quantification and correction for matrix effects. Critical aspects of the procedure are contamination and/or losses during sample and specimen preparation and the danger of radiation or heat-induced losses during specimen bombardment. With optimized PIXE procedures precisions of 1-2% and an accuracy of better than 5% are obtainable, whereas the detection limits are down to 0.1 μg/g. Because of its inherent characteristics, PIXE offers great potential for trace element analysis in the …

Hydrogen Adsorption On The Β N-Covered W(100) Surface: An Infrared Study Of The W–Hstretch, D. Mark Riffe, A. J. Sievers

All Physics Faculty Publications

The adsorption of hydrogen on the c(2×2) β-N-covered W(100) surface has been studied with infrared and thermal-desorption spectroscopies. A new dipole-active vibrational absorption due to chemisorbed hydrogen has been discovered. Its center frequency (1738 cm^-1 for minimal H₂ adsorption), isotopic dependence (1252 cm^-1 for D₂ adsorption and the existence of both lines for HD adsorption), absorption strength versus β-N coverage, and effective dynamic charge e^*/ε_∞≥0.12e lead to the assignment of the W-H stretch associated with a top-bonded H species. The vibration has been studied in detail on the highly ordered surface characterized …

Detector Arrays In Confocal Scanning Microscopes, T. Wilson

Scanning Microscopy

We consider the use of detector arrays in scanning microscopes and show that confocal operation may be achieved in a variety of ways. We base our analysis on a consideration of the form of the optical transfer function or transmission cross coefficient. This reveals that the Fourier transform of the detector sensitivity function is the function of importance. It is not necessary that this function be constant over the whole space and hence a variety of detector sensitivity functions will give fully confocal imaging. The traditional method of a limiting point-like detector is a special case, but one which has …

Corrugation In The Nitrogen-Graphite Potential Probed By Inelastic Neutron Scattering, F. Y. Hansen, L. W. Bruch, H. Taub, V. L. Frank, H. J. Lauter, John R. Dennison

All Physics Faculty Publications

Inelastic neutron spectra of the commensurate √3 ×3 herringbone monolayer phase of nitrogen physisorbed on the graphite (002) surface at low temperature have been compared with lattice dynamics calculations of the polycrystalline-averaged one-phonon coherent neutron cross section. The observed zone-center energy gap of ∼0.4 THz in the acoustic-phonon branches is a factor of 2 larger than calculated from central atom-atom potentials. We conclude that current models of the corrugation in the adatom substrate potential greatly underestimate the lateral restoring forces in this relatively simple molecular film.

Alkali Metal Adsorbates On W(110): Ionic, Covalent, Or Metallic?, D. Mark Riffe, G. K. Wertheim, P. H. Citrin

All Physics Faculty Publications

The photoemission signal from the first atomic layer of W(110) is used to assess the nature of the interaction between the surface atoms of the metal substrate and the adsorbates Na, K, and Cs for coverages up to 1 atomic layer. Our results indicate that there is little or no charge transfer from the alkali metal to the W surface, even in the limit of low coverage. The satellite structure of the photoemission lines of the outermost p shell of the alkali metals confirms this conclusion. While contrary to the conventional picture of alkali-metal-charge donation, these findings fully support recent …

Quantum Measurement And Geometry, James Thomas Wheeler

All Physics Faculty Publications

A model for the interpretation of spacetime as a Weyl geometry is proposed, based on the hypothesis that a system moves on any given path with a probability which is inversely proportional to the resulting change in length of the system. The results of physical measurements are calculated as the product of Weyl-conjugate gauge-dependent probabilities for the detection of conjugate objects. Each probability, expressed as a Wiener integral, is the Green's function for a diffusion equation. If the line integral of the Weyl field equals the action functional divided by ℏ this equation provides the stochastic equivalent of the Schrödinger …

Surface Corrections To Bulk Energy Losses In Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy Of Spheres, A. Rivacoba, P. M. Echenique

Scanning Microscopy

The interaction of a fast electron penetrating a spherical target is studied, in the frame of the classical dielectric theory. Expressions for ω the Fourier component of the induced scalar field and energy loss probability are obtained. The reduction in the bulk loss probability due to the surface boundary correction is calculated to all orders in a multipole expansion. The dependence of this correction on the impact parameter and on the radius of the sphere is also studied and compared with the results for films.

Azimuthal Variations Of Sensitivity In The Coaxial Scanning Auger Microprobe, L. Frank

Scanning Microscopy

Experiments with the PHI 595 Multiprobe have revealed a pronounced asymmetry of the energy filtered image (the shape of the line-scan curve) obtained with an isolated sphere lying on a flat surface. The effect is explained as a consequence of transmission efficiency variations along the circumference of the ring-shaped detector assembly, and is probably caused by deviations from coaxiality of the adjustable parts of the entrance annular aperture controlling the energy resolution. A quantitative model provides realistic results and has indicated the emission anisotropy of Auger electrons as being much larger than that of the energy filtered background emission at …

9th Biennial Cheese Industry Conference, Various Authors

Cheese Industry Conference

No abstract provided.

Buyer Concentration In Feeder Cattle Markets, Deevon Bailey, B. Wade Brorsen

Economic Research Institute Study Papers

Initial measures of buyer concentration levels in two major feeder cattle markets are reported. Buyer concentration levels in feeder cattle markets appear to be large and some weak evidence that concentration levels have increased since 1987 was found. Concentration levels vary seasonally and appear to be a function of the types of buyers (feedlots, farmer feeders, etc.) participating in the markets.

Improved Resolution Of A 6m Torodial Grating Monochromator, G. K. Wertheim, J. E. Rowe, D. Mark Riffe, N. V. Smith

All Physics Faculty Publications

We report a modification of the AT&T Bell Laboratories 6m toroidal grating monochromator at the National Synchrotron Light Source at Brookhaven National Laboratory which provides greatly improved resolution at midrange without the use of a movable exit slit. This modification is based on detailed ray tracing calculation, using the precedures developed by Haber, Howells, and McKinney and Howells, modified to include the holographic correction terms to the focusing equations. To maintain the optimum resolution requires an exit slit assembly movable over a distance of ∼20 cm. However, we show that an additional fixed slit 16.8 cm closer to the grating …

New Product Performance Evaluation Under Simulated Rain (Part Ii), C. Earl Israelsen, Gilberto Urroz

Reports

Introduction: In January, 1990 a report bearing the same title as this report was prepared and submitted to CONWED Corporation. It contained results from tests performed on experimental erosion control blankets that CONWED was developing. This report provides similar test results of additional new material.

Extracting Chemical Information From Auger Line Shapes, David E. Ramaker

Scanning Microscopy

We have developed a generally applicable, semi-empirical approach for quantitatively interpreting Auger line shapes. Detailed information on hybridization, electron delocalization and correlation, screening effects, bonding, and covalency can be obtained from the line shape. Methods for extracting the Auger line shape from the experimental data are briefly described. We summarize our recent results from the C KVV Auger line shapes of five different gas phase hydrocarbons (methane, ethane, cyclo-hexane, benzene, and ethylene), three solids (polyethylene, diamond, and graphite), and a molecularly chemisorbed system (ethylene/ Ni). The normal kvv component accounts for only about half of the total experimental KVV intensity …

Sage Grouse Status And Recovery Plan For Strawberry Valley, Utah, United States Department Of Agriculture, Forest Service

Wildlife Conservation and Management

Since 1939, an estimated 3,000 sage grouse in Strawberry Valley, UT, have declined to some 180 birds, mainly because of reservoir construction and eradication of big sagebrush to promote livestock forage. A 4-year study of numbers and movements of radio-tagged grouse has provided the basis for a recovery program calling for rejuvenation of big sagebrush and forbs important to grouse, replacement of mating grounds lost to human activities, consideration of sage grouse biology in management decisions, and formation of a sage grouse recovery team.

Flood Insurance Study Morgan County, Utah, Unincorporated Areas, Federal Emergency Management Agency

All U.S. Government Documents (Utah Regional Depository)

This Flood Insurance Study investigates the existence and severity of flood hazards in the unincorporated areas of Morgan County, Utah, and aids in the administration of the National Flood Insurance Act of 1968 and the Flood Disaster Protection Act of 1973. This study has developed flood risk data for various areas of the community that will be used to establish actuarial flood insurance rates and assist the community in its efforts to promote sound floodplain management. Minimum floodplain managment requirements for participation in the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) are set forth in the Code of Federal Regulations at 44 …

Mineral Resources Of The Mill Creek Canyon Wilderness Study Area, Grand County, Utah, United States Geological Survey

All U.S. Government Documents (Utah Regional Depository)

At the request of the U.S. Bureau of Land Management, approximately 9,780 acres of the Mill Creek Canyon Wilderness Study Area (UT-060-139A) was evaluated for identified mineral resources (known) and mineral resource potential (undiscovered). In this report, the area studied is referred to as the "wilderness study area" or "the study area." Field work was conducted in 1988 to assess the mineral resources and resource potential of the area. No mineral resources were identified in the Mill Creek Canyon Wilderness Study Area. Placer gold is present in the eastern part of the study area but not in sufficient quantity to …

Mineral Resources Of The Marble Canyon Wilderness Study Area, White Pine County, Nevada, And Millard County, Utah, United States Geological Survey

All U.S. Government Documents (Utah Regional Depository)

The 19,150-acre Marble Canyon Wilderness Study Area (NV-040-086) was evaluated for mineral resources (known) and mineral resource potential (undiscovered), and field work was conducted in 1987. The acreage includes 6,435 acres that is now designated as part of the Mount Moriah Wilderness under the Nevada Wilderness Protection Act of 1989 (S. 974), most but not all of which is included in 8,300 acres for which the U.S. Bureau of Land Management requested a mineral survey. In this report, the "wilderness study area," or simply "the study area" refers to the entire 19,150-acre tract.

Preliminary Geologic Map Of The Kanab 30 By 60 Minute Quadrangle, Utah-Arizona, United States Geological Survey

All U.S. Government Documents (Utah Regional Depository)

This map is preliminary and has not been reviewed for conformity with U.S. Geological Survey editorial standards and stratigraphic nomenclature.

Influence Of Nontimber Resources On Timber Sale Characteristics In The Intermountain West, U.S. Forest Service

All U.S. Government Documents (Utah Regional Depository)

This study focuses on the influence of nontimber considerations on establishing timber sale characteristics.

Mineral Resources Of The Marble Canyon Wilderness Study Area, White Pine County, Nevada, And Millard County, Utah, Michael F. Diggles, Gary A. Nowlan, H. Richard Blank, Jr., Susan M. Marcus, Richard F. Kness, U.S. Geological Survey, U.S. Bureau Of Mines

All U.S. Government Documents (Utah Regional Depository)

The 19,150-acre Marble Canyon Wilderness Study Area (NV-040-086) was evaluated for mineral resources (known) and mineral resource potential (undiscovered), and field work was conducted in 1987. The acreage includes 6,435 acres that is now designated as part of the Mount Moriah Wilderness under the Nevada Wilderness Protection Act of 1989 (S. 974), most but not all of which is included in 8,300 acres fro which the U.S. Bureau of Land Management requested a mineral survey. In this report, the "wilderness study area," or simply "the study area" refers to the entire 19,150-acre tract. The area in underlain by quartzite shale …