Digital Commons Network^™

Environmental Assessment Of Remedial Action At The Mexican Hat Uranium Mill Tailings Site, Mexican Hat, Utah, U.S. Department Of Energy

All U.S. Government Documents (Utah Regional Depository)

This document assesses the environmental impacts of the proposed remedial action at the Mexican Hat uranium mill tailings site located on the Navajo Reservation in southern Utah. The site covers 235 acres and contains 69 acres of tailings and several of the original mill structures. The Uranium Mill Tailings Radiation Control Act (UMTRCA) of 1978, Public Law 95-604 (PL95-604), authorized the U.S. Department of Energy to clean up the site to reduce the potential health impacts associated with the residual radioactive materials remaining at the site. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency promulgated standards for the remedial action (40 CFR Part …

Hydraulic Model Studies Of Upper Stillwater Dam Stepped Spillway And Outlet Works, Engineering Research Center, U.S. Department Of The Interior, Bureau Of Reclamation

All U.S. Government Documents (Utah Regional Depository)

Concrete dam and part of the Bonneville Unit of the Central Utah Project, is located about 80 miles east of Salt Lake City, Utah (fig. 1). Upper Stillwater Reservoir will be used to regulate the flows of Rock Creek and South Fork of Rock Creek for release to the Strawberry Aqueduct. The reservoir water surface will be kept constant during the summer but will be lowered about 160 feet during fall and winter releases. The structural height of the dam is 285 feet. Its crest length is 2,800 feet at elevation 8175.5 feet with parapets to elevation 8180.0. The spillway, …

Causality Of The U.S. Agricultural Prices And The Money Supply: Further Empirical Evidence, Peter J. Saunders

Economic Research Institute Study Papers

In an important paper published in the May 1983 issue of this Journal Barnett, Bessler, and Thompson (BBT) empirically examined the direction of causality between the U. S. money supply and nominal agricultural prices. The authors deployed the direct Granger test of causation between money supply and nominal agricultural prices. Causality implications were derived from standard F-statistics. The results based on F - tests were then used to test the null hypothes is that agricultural prices are not affected by changes in the stock of money.

Effects Of Hysteresis With Air Entrapment On Water Flow In The Unsaturated Zone, Jagath J. Kaluarachchi, J. C. Parker

Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty Publications

Effects of hysteresis with air entrapment on water content and head distributions, surface fluxes, and water balance components are investigated by finite element simulations of flow in one- and two-dimensional spatial domains. Results of one-dimensional analyses indicate that effects of hysteresis are markedly influenced by surface boundary conditions and to a lesser extent by initial conditions. Stipulation of flux-controlled boundary conditions results in minimal hysteretic effects, while potential-type boundary conditions produce substantial deviations between hysteretic and nonhysteretic simulations. The latter effects are attributable in large part to differences in surface conductivity associated with air entrapment. Predicted water content distributions for …

The Bulk Specimen X-Ray Microanalysis Of Freeze-Fractured, Freeze-Dried Tissues In Gerontological Research, I. Zs.-Nagy

Scanning Microscopy

The rationale for choosing the freeze-fracture freeze-drying (FFFD) method of biological bulk specimen preparation as well as the theoretical and practical problems of this method are treated. FFFD specimens are suitable for quantitative X-ray microanalysis of biologically relevant elements. Although the spatial resolution of this analytical technique is low, the application of properly selected bulk standard crystals as well as the measurement of the intracellular water and dry mass content by means of another method developed in the same laboratory, allow us to obtain useful information about the age-dependent changes of ionic composition in the main intracellular compartments. The paper …

X-Ray Microanalysis Of Dentin: A Review, E. Hals, A. B. Tveit, B. Tøtdal

Scanning Microscopy

The aim of this review was to present a condensed summary of the literature on X-ray microanalysis of dentin, including both energy-dispersive (EDS) and wavelength-dispersive (WDS) analysis. Estimations of concentrations by XMA of dentin should be regarded as semiquantitative values. The Ca level in rat odontoblasts was elevated in the secreting end of the cell body. In predentin Ca accumulated at a concentration of 2% that of mineralized dentin. In coronal dentin the peritubular areas were hypermineralized (Ca, P, Mg). Primary caries lesions showed a decrease of Ca, P, Mg and Cl, and usually an increase of S and Zn. …

Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopic Imaging In Biology, G. T. Simon, Y. M. Heng

Scanning Microscopy

One of the goals in biology is to relate the ultrastructure with the movement of elements to under stand better physiological and pathophysiological mechanisms. Electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) imaging, which was developed in the last decade, appears to be an ideal technique to make such correlation.

EELS takes advantage of the energy distribution of transmitted electrons which interacted with the specimen. All these electrons are collected and can be displayed as an energy loss spectrum for analytical purposes. Images can be produced from selected regions from the energy distribution allowing the mapping of specific elements. The main advantage of …

Inflation And Productivity In The United Kingdom: An Empirical Note, Peter J. Saunders, Basudeb Biswas

Economic Research Institute Study Papers

The escalating inflation in the second part of the 1970s and the early 1980s has revived interest in the theoretical relationship between inflation and the growth of productivity. The standard theoretical view maintains that the unidirectional flow of causality runs from productivity changes to inflation. It assumes that productivity growth is exogenous, and that positive productivity growth is anti-inflationary because it increases the economy's aggregate supply, which in turn offsets the inflationary pressure. An obvious implication of this view is that the inflation rate could be reduced through productivity growth.

Tandem Scanning Reflected Light Microscopy Of Primate Enamel, Alan Boyde, Lawrence Martin

Scanning Microscopy

Studies of the cross sectional packing arrangements of primate enamel prisms have been used in a number of recent studies in attempts to determine their taxonomic utility. Credibility of the results has been greatly influenced by the methods employed to examine enamel prism packing patterns and also by the limited sampling. We report here the use of a technique for the non destructive examination, in depth, of enamel prism packing patterns in modern and fossil primate teeth which has considerable advantages over any others so far used, and the preliminary results of a survey of enamel structural diversity in the …

Image Analysis And X-Ray Microanalysis In Cytochemistry, W. C. De Bruijn, H. K. Koerten, M. I. Cleton-Soeteman, C. J. G. Blok-Van Hoek

Scanning Microscopy

When cytochemical reaction products are homogeneously distributed within an organelle, point analyses suffice for the quantitative approach. However, quantitative analysis becomes tedious, when the elements in the reaction product are inhomogeneously distributed. Problems arise when elements from two reaction products have to be related to each other, or to endogenous cytological products (ferritin, haemosiderin, calcium, electron dense markers), either topographically or in concentration. When analyzing inhomogeneous/heteromorphical reaction product-containing organelles special attention has to be paid to measure and relate both volume and concentration. In this paper a relative simple structure (eosinophil granules) is chosen to demonstrate that the acquisition of …

Numerical Approaches To Non-Destructive Depth Profiling By Variable Angle X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy, P. C. Mccaslin, V. Young

Scanning Microscopy

Variable angle x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (VAXPS), also known as angle-resolved x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (ARXPS), is a method which can be used to depth profile the near surface region non-destructively. The intensity variation with angle of a given energy level in a sample contains the complete information about the concentration profile of the photoionized component in the depth probed. It has been shown that the intensity is the Laplace transform of the concentration profile. Theoretically it should be possible to uniquely determine the concentration profile as the inverse Laplace transform of the intensity data. After a brief background sketch, the numerical …

An Empirical Investigation Of The Effects Of Monetary Changes On The U.K. Economy, Peter J. Saunders

Economic Research Institute Study Papers

Theoretical discussions involving the relationship between the money supply and an economy's output has dominated the field of monetary economics for many years. Theoretically, the resolution of two separate issues is crucial - (1) the question of causality in the money-income relationship and (2) the effects of monetary changes on the two components of nominal output; i. e., the price level and real output. Two major opposing views can readily be identified: the monetarist view and the keynesian view. The monetarists' view is based on the postulates of the Quantity Theory of Money. In their view, the money supply is …

Exposure Of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells For Analysis With The Scanning Electron Microscope, Bryan G. Miller, Andrew P. Evan, H. Glenn Bohlen

Scanning Microscopy

There has been interest in using the scanning electron microscope (SEM) to study the structure of tissues obscured by other cellular or non-cellular elements almost since the SEM was first used to examine biological tissues. Such interest includes the vessel wall and, in particular, the vascular smooth muscle cells. This paper presents a review of the three basic methodologies that have been employed to allow examination of the vascular smooth muscle, 1) blunt dissection, 2) digestion and 3) microdissection. Discussion of other perivascular elements was not a focus of this review. Also presented is the application of these different methodologies …

Flood Insurance Study, City Of Morgan City, Utah, Morgan County

All U.S. Government Documents (Utah Regional Depository)

This Flood Insurance Study investigates the existence and severity of flood hazards in Morgan City, Morgan County, Utah and aids in the administration of the National Flood Insurance Act of 1968 and the Flood Disaster Protection Act of 1973. This study has developed flood risk data for various areas of the community that will be used to establish actuarial flood insurance rates and assist the community in its efforts to promote sound floodplain management. Minimum floodplain management requirements for participation in the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) are set forth in the Code of Federal Regulations at 44 CFR, 60.3.

Secondary Electron Emission Induced By Electron Bombardment Of Polycrystalline Metallic Targets, R. Bindi, H. Lanteri, P. Rostaing

Scanning Microscopy

The aim of the present paper is the analysis of the backward secondary electron emission phenomenon, under electron bombardment, on the basis of experimental and theoretical results. Among the theoretical models, we will mention the phenomenological models, those which use a Monte-Carlo type simulation method, and those based on the numerically solved Boltzmann transport equation.

To correlate experimental and theoretical results on all the data characterizing this phenomenon, it is necessary to use an appropriate description for the excitation process of the internal secondary electrons; it also needs a complete description of the transport process for the excited electrons, which …

Money And The Uk Economy: An Empirical Study, Peter J. Saunders

Economic Research Institute Study Papers

The question of how changes in the money, supply affect an economy has occupied economists for centuries. The origins of the debate on the effects of money on an economy can be traced to the writings of John Locke, Richard Cantillon, and David Hume, among others. Essentially, the key issue is which economic variables, such as prices, output and employment, do monetary changes affect. Two major opposing views can be readily identified: the monetarist and the Keynesian. The monetarist view is based, to a large extent, on the postulates of the Quantity Theory of Money, first outlined by classical economists …

Utah Science Vol. 48 No. 2, Summer 1987

Utah Science

66 SO WHAT? C. Elmer Clark

69 BIOLOGY DEPARTMENT

74 SOIL SCIENCE & BIOMETEOROLOGY DEPARTMENT

81 THE UTAH AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION: SCIENCE SERVING AGRICULTURE A review of Experiment Station research facilities and services.

97 FAMILY & HUMAN DEVELOPMENT DEPARTMENT

99 ECONOMICS DEPARTMENT

104 AGRICULTURAL & IRRIGATION ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

106 SOCIOLOGY, SOCIAL WORK & ANTHROPOLOGY DEPARTMENT

108 FISHERIES & WILDLIFE DEPARTMENT

110 RANGE SCIENCE DEPARTMENT

Expert Potentiometric Surface Modification For Groundwater Contaminant Management, R. L. Ward, Richard C. Peralta, J. R. Brashar

Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty Publications

An expert system is linked to an previously reported optimization program. The expert system prompts the user for information about a groundwater contamination problem. The expert system determines whether pumping is a suitable containment strategy. If appropriate. it selects several well arrangements to be evaluated by an optimization algorithm.

Computational Aspects Of Chance‑Constrained Regional Modeling, R. R.A. Cantiller, Richard C. Peralta

Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty Publications

A methodology that incorporates the stochasticity of an aquifer parameter in a chance-constrained steady-state groundwater management model is presented. Results and computational aspects of the modeling effort are discussed.

Preservation Of In Vivo Morphology Of Blood Vessels For Morphometric Studies, Robert M. K. W. Lee

Scanning Microscopy

Preservation of in vivo morphology of the blood vessels is important for morphometric studies. With each fixation method (e.g., immersion fixation, perfusion fixation), there are inherent pitfalls which can easily distort vessel wall morphology, thereby creating artifacts. Alteration of the vessel wall cell volume due to tissue preparation is another common source for errors. Selection of proper morphometric protocols for comparative studies is crucial. Lack of attention in these areas is a cause of confusion and contradiction in the literature. In this review, the merits of various commonly used methods for vessel wall preparation and measurements are discussed.

Electron Microprobe Analysis And Proton Induced X-Ray Spectrometry Applied To Trace Element Analysis In Sulfides: Problems And Prospects, G. Remond, F. Cesbron, K. Traxel, J. L. Campbell, L. J. Cabri

Scanning Microscopy

The complementary techniques of EPMA and micro-PIXE are reviewed in the context of spatially resolved trace element analysis of sulfide minerals. Attention is focussed on methods of standardization and of fitting EDX spectra. Sphalerites and chalcopyrites from various sources are used as specimens. For Ag in chalcopyrites, the two techniques agree well. Sphalerites pose problems such as Zn-Fe replacement and the presence of minor elements, both of which influence matrix corrections ; these are addressed in detail. The necessity for absorbers in the micro-PIXE work prevents detection of minor elements lighter than Zn ; these are determined by EPMA and …

Interpretation Of Electron Micrographs, B. A. Afzelius

Scanning Microscopy

Courses in electron microscopical techniques should include training in the active reading of electron micrographs. The student should be made aware of the fact that every micrograph contains a wealth of information, evident and hidden, and that a careful inspection is required to retrieve the information. More time should normally be spent in scrutinizing the micrograph than in its manufacture. Active reading of the micrograph is aided by a curiosity in the functional significance of the various details of the picture; there has to be a dialogue between the mind and the eye concerning the structural elements and their significance. …

Myogenesis In Vitro As Seen With The Scanning Electron Microscope, Y. Shimada, M. Komiyama, M. Shiozaki, Y. Isobe, S. Masuko

Scanning Microscopy

In this paper, we review our recent observations by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) on the differentiation of the cell surface and cytoplasmic organelles in embryonic chick skeletal muscle cells in vitro. The changes of the surface structures of myoblasts during mitosis were essentially similar to those of other cell types, but the characteristic spindle shape of myoblasts did not change throughout most of this period. Cytoskeletal structures under the sarcolemma were examined by Triton extraction and metal coating. Cells in S, G₂ and M possessed a dense, and those in G₁ a loose filament network under the …

Utah State University Commencement, 1987 – Main Campus, Utah State University

Commencement Programs

Ninety-Fourth Annual Commencement of Utah State University

Disturbed Alpine Ecosystems: Seedling Establishment Of Early And Late Seral Dominant Species, Jeanne C. Chambers

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

This study examined the effects of seedbed and seedling environment on establishment of early and late seral dominant alpine species. Species studied included late seral dominant forbs (Geum rossii, Artemisia scopulorum, and Polemonium viscosum), early seral dominant forbs (Potentilla diversifolia and Sibbaldia procumbens), a late seral dominant grass (Festuca idahoensis), and early seral dominant grasses (Calamagrostis purpurascens and Deschampsia cespitosa). Germination responses of each species to wet vs. dry cold stratification and light vs. dark conditions were investigated. No statistical differences were observed in the seed germination of early and late …

Surficial Geology Of The Smithfield Quadrangle, Cache County, Utah, Michael V. Lowe

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The Smithfield 7.5' quadrangle is located about 13.8 kilometers (8.6 miles) south of the Utah-Idaho State Line and occupies the central portion of the eastern side of Cache Valley, Utah. The mapped area contains more than 55 square miles. The Bear River Range on the eastern side of the quadrangle contains stratigraphic units ranging from Precambrian to Quaternary age. Cache Valley contains deposits of Tertiary and Quaternary age. Quaternary units in the Smithfield quadrangle are subdivided into thirty-two map units based on age and genesis. Five ages of Quaternary units are identified, and these units are assigned to one of …

Expert System Technology And Concept Instruction: Training Educators To Accurately Classify Learning Disabled Students, Mary Anne Prater

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Many learning disabled student being served by the public school systems have been inaccurately classified. Training and research efforts are needed to assist members of the multidisciplinary team in making more accurate learning disabilities classification decisions.

CLASS.LD2, a computer-based expert system, was designed to assist multidisciplinary teams by providing second-opinion advice regarding the appropriateness of a learning disabilities classification for individual student cases. The existing expert system, CLASS.LD2, was combined with strategies for effective concept instruction to create an instructional package entitled LO.Trainer.

The purpose of this study was (a) to develop a computer-based instructional package combining expert system technology …

Comparing Different Methods For Determining Moisture In Wheat Using Nesr Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy, Weider Chang

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

One hundred wheat samples, with moisture ranging from 14.42 %to 7.66 %, were used to test the moisture loss from grinding, the accuracy of moisture content from two different electric moisture meters, and the accuracy and precision of Near Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy whole wheat moisture determination.

Fifty samples were ground through three grinders, Wiley, Cemotec, and UDY Cyclone grinder. Moisture content was determined from these ground samples, and compared with whole wheat moisture. The Cemotec grinder caused the least amount of moisture loss, followed by Wiley and then UDY Cyclone.

Fifty whole wheat samples were used to calibrate the Tecator …

An Application Of The Finite Element Method And Two Equation (K And E) Turbulence Model To Two And Three Dimensional Fluid Flow Problems Governed By The Navier-Stokes Equations, John I. Finnie

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Finite Element computer codes in two and three dimensions were written that solve both laminar and turbulent flow. These codes use the two equation (k and E) turbulence model to evaluate turbulent viscosity. They were tested with 29 different flow problems. The largest two dimensional turbulent problem solved is flow under a sluice gate. A three dimensional vortex flow problem was attempted but was not feasible due to the size of the available computer. The Harwell sparse matrix subroutines of the United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority were used to solve the set of simultaneous equations. The performance of these subroutines …

Least-Change Secant Updates Of Non-Square Matrices, Samih Kassem Bourji

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

In many problems involving the solution of a system of nonlinear equations, it is necessary to keep an approximation to the Jacobian matrix which is updated at each iteration. Computational experience indicates that the best updates are those that minimize some reasonable measure of the change to the current Jacobian approximation subject to the new approximation obeying a secant condition and perhaps some other approximation properties such as symmetry.

All of the updates obtained thus far deal with updating an approximation to an nxn Jacobian matrix. In this thesis we consider extending most of the popular updates to the non-square …