Digital Commons Network^™

A Photochemical Equilibrium Model For Ionospheric Conductivity, C. E. Rasmussen, Robert W. Schunk, Vincent B. Wickwar

All Physics Faculty Publications

A photochemical equilibrium model of the high-latitude ionosphere has been developed. This model provides densities of the ionospheric constituents, N₂ ⁺, O₂ ⁺, O⁺, and NO⁺, from 85 km to approximately 220 km. These densities are then used to calculate Pedersen and Hall conductivities. A comparison of the model results with Arecibo and Chatanika radar observations was made, covering periods of solar minimum and solar maximum. The comparison showed the model to predict ionospheric densities to within 50% and conductivities to within 40% in the illuminated portion of the ionosphere. In regions …

Observations Of Auroral E Region Plasma Waves And Electron Heating Witheiscat And A Vhf Radar Interferometer, J. Providakes, D. T. Farley, B. G. Fejer, J. Sahr, W. E. Swartz, I. Haggstrom, A. Hedberg, J. A. Nordling

All Physics Faculty Publications

Two radars were used simultaneously to study naturally occurring electron heating events in the auroral E-region ionosphere. During a joint campaign in March 1986 the Cornell University Portable Radar Interferometer (CUPRI) was positioned to look perpendicular to the magnetic field to observe unstable plasma waves over Tromsø, Norway, while EISCAT measured the ambient conditions in the unstable region. On two nights EISCAT detected intense but short lived (< 1 min) electron heating events during which the temperature suddenly increased by a factor of 2–4 at altitudes near 108 km and the electron densities were less than 7 × 104 cm−3. On the second of these nights CUPRI was operating and detected strong plasma waves with very large phase velocities at precisely the altitudes and times at which the heating was observed. The altitudes, as well as one component of the irregularity drift velocity, were determined by interferometric techniques. From the observations and our analysis, we conclude that the electron temperature increases were caused by plasma wave heating and not by either Joule heating or particle precipitation.

Low-Temperature Ion Beam Mixing In Metals, S J. Kim, M A. Nicolet, R S. Averback, David Peak

All Physics Faculty Publications

A systematic study of ion-beam mixing of tracer impurities in thin metal films at low temperatures has been conducted. We have investigated the dependence of ion mixing on two matrix properties: atomic mass and cohesive energy. We have also studied the dependence of ion mixing on tracer impurity properties: its heat of mixing with the matrix and its thermal diffusivity in the matrix. The matrices investigated were thin films of C, Al, Ti, Fe, Ni, Cu, Mo, Ru, Ag, Hf, Ta, W, Pt, and Au. The tracer impurities, Al, Ti, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Y, Nb, Mo, Ru, Ag, …

Grand Teton National Park, Environmental Assessment, Reconstruction Of Teton Park Road And Jenny Lake Road, United States Department Of The Interior, National Park Service

Environmental Assessments (WY)

Reconstruction is proposed for 12 miles of the Teton Park Road between Moose Junction and North Jenny Lake Junction, as well as 6.5 miles of the Jenny Lake one-way loop road and the 0.5 mile long String Lake road. The project is being planned and designed in two segments. Segment A extends between Moose Junction and a point near the Climbers Ranch road intersection (4 miles north of Moose Junction), and segment B continues from that point to North Jenny Lake junction and includes modification of the String/Jenny Lake road and parking complex. Segment A would be constructed under a …

Fossil Butte Environmental Assessment, Develop Visitor, Administrative, And Maintenance Facilities, United States, Department Of The Interior, National Park Service

Environmental Assessments (WY)

The National Park Service (NPS) proposes to construct the first permanent visitor, administrative, and maintenance facilities at Fossil Butte National Monument since its Congressional establishment in 1972. Proposed facilities include: a 4,800-square-foot visitor center and administrative building on a 2-acre site approximately 1 mile north of Lincoln County Road 300; and a 2,000-square-foot maintenance building, materials storage yard, and seasonal-employee housing unit on a 5-acre site near the southwest corner of the monument. The employee housing unit is not part of this package and would be constructed at a later date if additional funding becomes available. Other proposed development includes …

Proposed Resource Management Plan And Final Environmental Impact Statement For The Cody Resource Area, Worland District, Wyoming, United States Department Of The Interior Bureau Of Land Management

Resource Management Plans (WY)

This document addresses alternatives for managing almost 1.1 million acres fo federal land and about 1.5 million acres of federal mineral estate administered by the Cody Resource Area, Worland District, Bureau of Land Management (see map 1). The plan focuses on three resource management issues relating to vegetative resources, special management area designations, and resource accessibility and manageability.

Historical Vegetation, Fuel Loads, And Integrated Resource Information System For Bryce Canyon National Park, Utah State University, Department Of Forest Resources And Ecology Center

Elusive Documents

This report describes a comprehensive approach to understanding the role and effects of fire in Bryce Canyon National Park. The study includes a reconstruction of the historic vegetation of Bryce Canyon National Park from historic photographs, inference from computer simulation models, and research in areas of similar vegetation. The successional pathways from the historic vegetation to the present are discussed and the landscape scale consequences of fire suppression and successional devolopment are addressed.

Final Environmental Impact Statement Aptus Industrial And Hazardous Waste Treatment Facility, U.S. Department Of The Interior

All U.S. Government Documents (Utah Regional Depository)

The environmental impact statement for the proposed aptus industrial and hazardous waste treatment facility analyzes the environmental impacts of the proposed transfer, storage, and incineration facility, and the the transportation and utility corridors through construction, operation, and closure.

Scanning Electron Microscopy Of Cellular Structure Of Granny Smith And Red Delicious Apples, Gassinee Trakoontivakorn, Max E. Patterson, Barry G. Swanson

Food Structure

Immature and mature Granny Smith and Red Delicious apples (Malus domestica Borkh . ) were studied with scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Parenchyma cells were observed to form a net-like pattern in sections transverse to the stem-calyx of the apple. Bundles of about six intact cells were connected, creating large intercellular spaces. The intercellular spaces were different in shape from different perspectives to the cut surfaces ; round in stem-calyx transverse sections and elliptical in stem-calyx cross sections. Cell areas, cell lengths and intercellular space areas were determined with image analysis. The patterns of mature apple cell structure of both cultivars …

A Mass Mortality Of Fishes In Lake Titicaca (Peru-Bolivia) Associated With The Protozoan Parasite Ichthyophthirius Multifiliis, Wayne A. Wurtsbaugh, R. Alfaro

Watershed Sciences Faculty Publications

In December 1981 , an epizootic of the protozoan parasite Ichthyophthirius multifiliis killed an estimated 18 million killifish Orestias spp. in Lake Titicaca, a high-altitude tropical system. Of the dead fish collected, 93% were adult O. agassii, a commercially important species that is abundant in the littoral zone. Juvenile Orestias spp., pelagic species, and some other littoral zone fis hes were slightly affected. lchthyophthirius multifiliis was probably introduced with exotic fishes brought to Lake Titicaca in the 1940s and 1950s.

Fate And Transport Of Organics In Soil: Model Predictions And Experimental Results, B. D. Symons, Ronald C. Sims, W. J. Grenney

Biological Engineering Faculty Publications

Laboratory batch reactors were used to generate quantitative information about the fate of polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon (PNA) compounds in soil systems. First-order degradation rates and equilibrium partition coefficients determined in laboratory studies were used in the Vadose Zone Interactive Processes (VIP) mathematical model to predict the fate and behavior of the PNA compounds as a function of time and soil depth. Predicted model results were compared with independent laboratory soil column studies for model validation. The VIP model provided a good approximation of the degradation and transport of the seven PNA compounds evaluated after 6 months of incubation in soil. …

Great Salt Lake Interisland Diking: Water Quality Considerations, Executive Summary, Utah Water Research Laboratory, J. P. Riley, J. I. Blandamer, W. J. Doucette, R. R. Dupont, A. W. Grover, J. Herrick, J. M. Ihnat, J. E. Mclean, M. W. Nath, S. R. Rushforth, J. L. Sims, R. C. Sims, W. A. Wurtsbaugh

Reports

No abstract provided.

Stochastic Interpolation Of Precipitation Data From Multiple Sensors, D. J. Seo, A. Azimi-Zonooz, D. S. Bowles, W. F. Krajewski, C. J. Duffy, K. P. Georgakakos, T. H. Lee

Reports

Introduction: This report summarizes the work conducted under Grant No. ECE-8419189, "Stochastic Interpolation of Precipitation Data from Multiple Sensors," which was awarded to Utah State University in September, 1985, and completed February 29, 1988. it also covers work under a supplemental award made in February, 1986. The final report is organized into four sections. The following section presents the objective of the research and a brief problem statment. Section 3 contains a summary of second-year work including the project team, work plan, work completed, and publications. In Section4, project conclusions are summarized. A summary of on-going future work is given …

Great Salt Lake Interisland Diking: Water Quality Considerations, John I. Blandamer, William J. Doucette, Ryan R. Dupont, Anthony W. Grover, James Herrick, Jean M. Ihnat, Joan E. Mclean, Michael W. Nath, Samuel R. Rushforth, Judith L. Sims, Ronald C. Sims, Wayne A. Wurtsbaugh

Reports

No abstract provided.

Friction Factor Tests On High Density Polyethylene Pipe, Steven L. Barfuss

Reports

No abstract provided.

Spectral Momentum Density From Graphite From (E,2e) Spectroscopy: Comparison With First Principles Calculations, Chao Gao, A. L. Ritter, Jr Dennison, N. A. W. Holzwarth

Journal Articles

We have measured the spectral momentum density p(E,q) of graphite by (e,2e) spectroscopy for momentum parallel and perpendicular to the crystal c axis. In the independent-electron approximation, p(E,q) = Σ_G |U_k(G)|² δ(q-k-G)δ(E-E(k)) where the one-electron wave function is Ψ_k(r) = e^ik•rΣ_GU_k(G)e^iG•r and G is a reciprocal-lattice vector. The measurements covered a range of momentum parallel to the c axis equal to 0 ≤ |q| ≤ 1.84Å^-1 and a …

Tall Shrub Dynamics In Northern Minnesota Aspen And Conifer Forests, J.C. Balogh, D.F. Grigal

Aspen Bibliography

Tall shrubs are a dynamic component of upland forests in the Lake States (Balogh 1983, Dunn 1986, Ohmann and Ream 1971). They are an integral part of forest element cycles, competitors with overstory for growth and reproduction, essential to post-harvest site stabilization, and a source of wildlife cover and browse (Comerford and White 1977, Dunn 1986, Robinette 1972, Tappeiner 1971).

Theoretical Vibrational Study Of The Fx⋅⋅⋅O(Ch3)2 Hydrogen‐Bonded Complex, Y. Bouteiller, C. Mijoule, M. M. Szczesniak, Steve Scheiner

Chemistry and Biochemistry Faculty Publications

This paper presents the first ab initio attempt to reconstruct the observed band profile of the stretching fundamental v_FX (X=H,D) in the FX⋅⋅⋅O(CH₃)₂ hydrogen‐bonded system. The two‐dimensional potential energy surface V(r_FH,R_F⋅⋅⋅O) is evaluated by means of large basis set SCF calculations. The related force constants up to the fourth order are obtained via the analytical fit to a polynomial expansion. The vibrational problem is solved by means of a variational treatment which includes the effects of mechanical anharmonicity. The side bands of the …

Vibrational Frequencies And Intensities Of H‐Bonded And Li‐Bonded Complexes. H3n⋅⋅Hcl And H3n⋅⋅Licl, M. M. Szczesniak, I. J. Kurnig, Steve Scheiner

Chemistry and Biochemistry Faculty Publications

The geometries, energetics, and vibrational spectra are calculated for the two complexes at the SCF and correlated MP2 levels using the 6‐31G∗∗ basis set, augmented by a second set of d functions on Cl. While correlation represents an important factor in the binding of H₃ N⋅⋅HCl, it contributes little to the stronger Li bond. Unlike the HCl stretch ν_s which decreases substantially in frequency and is greatly intensified in H₃ N⋅⋅HCl, the frequency of the LiCl stretch undergoes an increase and little change is noted in its intensity, conforming to prior spectral measurements. The intensities of the …

Human Health Effects Assays, Ronald C. Sims, J. L. Sims, R. R. Dupont

Biological Engineering Faculty Publications

Environmental health risk assessments based upon animal study results, epidemiology, quantitative structure activity relationships (QSARs), dose-response relationships, risk perception, and expert systems approaches, and the evaluation of mechanisms of carcinogenesis represent the focus for 1987. The term "biological risk assessment" was discussed by Clayson¹ to describe that part of risk assessment concerned with the relevance of specific animal results to the induction of human cancer. Guidelines for health assessment of suspect developmental toxicants addressed evaluation of data from animal testing studies.² Animal toxicity data on 200 chemicals and epidemiologic data on 30 chemicals was included within a data …

Vilma (Virtually Interactive Large Scale Model For Arkansas), Rosalinda R.A. Cantiller, Richard C. Peralta

Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty Publications

This user’s guide supports the use of VILMA (Virtually Interactive Large-scale Model for Arkansas). This document presents the basic concepts in Chapter I. Chapter II discusses the execution steps that the user follows during a VILMA session. Chapter III provides a detailed illustration of example data files. Chapter IV presents two example VILMA sessions. Finally, Chapter V elaborates on additional concepts. The Appendices consist of relevant program listings, instructions, and example files. In this user’s guide, the word "interactive" means the user enters his responses to the prompts that appear on a computer terminal while he is logged on to …

Processing Of Scanning Electron Microscope Images On Basis Of Fast Fourier-Transformation, A. Yu. Sasov, A. A. Shanyavsky

Scanning Microscopy

The solar cell as a combined substrate and detector was used for automated SEM-image analysis. It was noted that an image processing system was created and its operational features are shown in some typical applications. The step size of the fatigue striations was found. The obtained value of the step corresponds to the formula with an accuracy of about 1 per cent. Quantum-mechanical constant of material fracture for aluminum alloys was found to be 𝛥 = 0.22. Two-dimensional periodic analysis was applied to fracture surfaces and a microchannel plate. The integral characteristics of microstructure was determined quantitatively.

The O-O Collision Cross-Section: Can It Be Inferred From Aeronomical Measurements?, R G. Burnside, C A. Tipley, Vincent B. Wickwar

All Physics Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Arterial Elastin As Seen With Scanning Electron Microscopy: A Review, Margot R. Roach, S. H. Song

Scanning Microscopy

All large arteries contain elastin, collagen, and muscle which can be seen with light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Elastin forms an internal elastic lamina (IEL) in all arteries, but also forms multiple fenestrated sheets in the media of the aorta and other large arteries. The fenestrations in the media are larger than those in the IEL. The adventitial elastin is more fibrous and often contains tubular elastin surrounding vasa vasorum when prepared by removing all non-elastin by placing the aorta in 0.1 N NaOH at 70-75°C for five hours. The fenestrations are larger near branches and in an experimentally …

Deficits And Interests Rates: An Empirical Investigation, Peter J. Saunders

Economic Research Institute Study Papers

Increasing federal government deficits have revived interest in theoretical discussions of the deficits' impact on an economy. This theoretical interest has recently been transformed into an economic policy issue in the form of the Gramm-Rudman-Hollings balanced budget legislation. Within the theoretical framework, the question of effects of increasing deficits on interest rates, and thereby on the level of investment and of economic growth is of special interest. Some economists emphasize the negative impact of deficit financing on private investment. This negative impact is largely due to the "fiscal crowd-out" whereby private investment is crowded-out by public borrowing. According to this …

Great-Tailed Grackle Predation On South Texas Citrus: (Identifying A Unique Problem), John Hobbs, Fred G. Leon Iii

Wildlife Damage Management Conference

The December 1983 freeze inflicted tremendous damage to the South Texas citrus groves and reduced tree numbers by approximately fifty percent. Additionally, it is believed that Great-tailed grackle (Quiscalus mexicanus) populations have increased over the past few years. With decreased citrus acreage and increased grackle numbers, the severe negative effects are economically significant to the Texas citrus industry.

Grackle damage to grapefruit and oranges differs in type and economic importance. The first is "cosmetic" in nature, small pecks or scratches on the fruit skin, and downgrades the fruit, reducing its value. The second is actual crop loss due …

Rrs - A Multipurpose Reusable Reentry Satellite, John Givens, Richard Schaupp

Small Satellite Conference

This paper describes a low-cost, multipurpose Reusable Reentry Satellite (RRS) which can carry a variety of experiments into space, remain in orbit for up to 60 days, return autonomously to Earth and be refurbished for reuse. Potential user applications include life science, commercial, and others. As presently conceived, the vehicle is a blunt ballistic entry vehicle with an internal cavity for accommodating user payloads, including those utilizing the STS GetAway Special (GAS) canister. The spacecraft provides payload power, transmits payload data, receives payload commands, and controls payload cavity thermal conditions. A variety of vehicle sizes with base diameters within the …

A Satellite Link Analysis Tool For A Portable Ground Station, Capt. William Jackson

Small Satellite Conference

The product of this research effort is a comprehensive and integrated software package for the analysis of digital satellite links. The system is designed to run on the IBM PC, and would be a useful addition to any portable ground station based on a compatible personal computer. The system performs three basic classes of functions: satellite orbital analysis, antenna gain pattern plotting, and link analysis. The first class of functions includes the computation of such quantities as velocity, orbital period, and coverage area for satellites in circular and elliptical orbits. The second class of functions is concerned with plotting the …

The Application Of Vector Quantization To Image Compression For Satellite Imaging Systems, Paul Israelsen, Richard Harris

Small Satellite Conference

Over the past few years it has become more and more common to use satellites for imaging applications. The imaging may be performed in the visual realm using cameras, or may infrared or electro-optical using multi-sensor arrays. One thing that all these imaging techniques have in common is the large amount of data that must be stored and/or transmitted per image. If many images are being gathered over a relatively short time, then storage and power requirements may become too large for small satellite systems.

Specific Factors, Unemployment, And Immiserizing Growth In A Small Open Economy, Anjana Bhattacharyya, Basudeb Biswas

Economic Research Institute Study Papers

The economic rationale of import-substituting strategy of development pursued by the majority of the developing countries has long been questioned. Apart from the familiar argument that tariff tends to discourage exports and hence, can be viewed as an export tax, there is the immiserization argument proposed by Professor Johnson. Within the framework of a two-factor two-commodity model, Johnson has shown that a small tariff-imposing country may suffer a welfare loss from an increase in the stock of resources or technological change if the growth is biased in favor of the importable sector so that it tends to magnify the distortion …