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Measuring Species Diversity On Revegetated Surface Mines: An Evaluation Of Techniques, United States Department Of Agriculture, Forest Service

Mines and Mineral Resources

This report reviews the three most commonly used techniques for measuring species diversity in plant communities: (1) diversity indices, (2) rank correlation tests, and (3) similarity indices. The author discusses the suitability of each technique for assessing species diversity on mined land and evaluates the most often used indices, test statistics, or coefficients of each technique. Applications of the Shannon-Weiner diversity index, Spearman's rank order correlation coefficient, Motyka and others' and Bray and Curtis' version of Sorensen's similarity index, and Spatz' version of Jaccard's index for assessing mined land species diversity are presented in the appendix.

Autoshaping Infant Vocalizations, Alexander Mcnaughton Myers

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

A series of five experiments was conducted to determine whether operant or respondent factors controlled the emission of a particular vocalization ("Q") by human infants 16 to 18 months old. Experiment 1 consisted of a pilot investigation of the effects of an autoshaping procedure on three infants' vocal behavior. All three subjects demonstrated increased emission of the target sound during the CR period. Experiments 2 through 4 attempted to replicate the findings of Experiment 1 under controlled conditions, and failed to do so. Experiment 5a presented infant subjects with a discrete-trial operant procedure (having the identical temporal parameters as the …

Metaphorical Interpretations Of The Neurotic Paradox, Mark J. Weaver

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

This is a theoretical/philosophical paper which is intended to bring to the reader's attention an emerging literature and discussion which holds potentially productive consequences for the understanding of man. This thesis does not offer completed formulations or empirical groundings. The purpose is to create a basis for dialogue.

This paper will initially specify a current conflict in psychology around the different metaphors used to define the image of man. A theoretical/philosophical basis for viewing the process of generating models of man and his behavior as essentially "metaphorical" is then presented. A specific category of human behavior known as the neurotic …

Chosen People, S. Eugene Needham

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

This thesis is an explanation of the artist's philosophy of art and religion which brought him to complete the specific paintings prepared for his graduate show. The paintings are of a generally religious nature, painted for the artist's private enjoyment and need for individual expression. The artist, admiring the achievements of Christian Art and wanting to add his statement, has researched related areas of thought to support his beliefs in life's ultimate considerations. Within the scope of the artist's ability he has produced a limited vision of Christian subjects with hopefully original Mormon-Hebraic overtones. The thesis also develops a theoretical …

Primary Representational Systems As A Basis For Improved Comprehension And Communication, Alan Thomas "Chip" Mattar

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The purpose of this dissertation was to determine the usefulness of primary representational systems (prs) as a basis for improved comprehension and communication. Primary representational systems were discussed as being cognitive representations of experience which are revealed through auditory (A), visual (V), or kinesthetic (K) language.

Specifically, this study tested Bandler and Grinder's assumption that an identified A, V, or K individual would better comprehend a communication which contained predicates representative of that individual's prs. Comprehension was operationalized into general information (GI) and specific predicate usage (SPU) segments in order to isolate possible group differences on this dimension.

A total …

The Deseret Alphabet And Other American Spelling Reform Movements, Paula Goodfellow

Undergraduate Honors Capstone Projects

Everyone that uses the English language has trouble with spelling at one time of another; most people have trouble with it all the time. The may complain about the inconsistencies of English orthography (orthography is a fancy word for the art of spelling) as they reach for the dictionary, but not many people do anything about it. However, a few do try to do something. With some it may become an obsession. This paper is about the various attempts of some of these people to reform spelling.

It is traditional in papers about spelling reform to stop at this point …

Parent-Child Affinity As Perceived By Basque Adolescence, Catherine K. Coombs-Johnson

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The purpose of this study was to assess parental preference as perceived by Basque adolescents. A questionnaire was administered to adolescents during the summer months of 1977 in Boise, Idaho and Salt Lake City, Utah. The questionnaire included the Parent- Affinity Perception Scale (Miller, 1972) with a Likert-type scale showing how much the adolescent preferred mother or father and a cover sheet to determine the degree of "Basqueness" of the subjects. The sample included 27 males and 37 females.

The findings indicate a strong preference for "mother" over "father" by both males and females at all ages. Basque adolescent males". …

A Comparative Study Of Kibbutz Children's And City Children's Concepts Of Family And Self Within The Family, Rachel Tal

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The purpose of this study was to determine if any significant difference existed between kibbutz and city children in terms of their concept of family and concept of self within the family.

The subjects chosen for the investigation consisted of 51 pupils in the third and fourth grades from two communities in Israel. The two communities were a kibbutz community and a middle class small suburb community. Raw score data were obtained for the investigation from two testing devices. The Draw-A-Family Test (DAF) was used here in order to gain insight to the subjects' perception of the two concepts under …

The Acquisition Of Knowledge (A Discussion In Dialogue Form), Alva D. Mackay

Undergraduate Honors Capstone Projects

Setting for the dialogue: Mantu meets Nisha in the realms of eternity where in all knowledge and truth make themselves manifest and discuss the philosophical questions of truth and knowledge. Mantu starts the dialogue on the question of "What is knowledge?" and after some length of discussion they arrive at an understanding of its parts.

Linguistic Surface Structure In Family Interaction, Thomas D. Macroy

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The purpose of this dissertation was to determine the usefulness of the linguistic processes of Distortion, Deletion, Generalization, and Semantic Ill-Formedness as constructs which differentiate the verbal communication of families who express dissatisfaction with their current intrafamilial relationships from families expressing satisfaction with their current relationships. Specifically, it was hypothesized that dissatisfied families would use these linguistic structures to a greater extent in their interaction than would satisfied families.

Thirty-one family triads (father, mother, and child) were obtained by asking families randomly selected from the local high school student directory to participate. The families were given a Revealed Differences questionnaire …

The Micro-Characteristics Of Adult-Neonate Social Interaction, Ann Marie Berghout-Austin

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

In order to dissect social behaviors into their smallest components, five interactions, each involving one neonate and one adult, were video taped and kinescoped into 16mm black and white film exposed at 24 frames per second. The film was analyzed frame by frame and all starts, stops, and changes in direction of movements were scored. Adult movement durations were significantly shorter during vocalization and longer during nonvocalization. Each infant and adult body part had its own characteristic movement rate. Almost two-thirds of the dyadic movements were interactionally synchronous and most of the synchronization occurred during vocalization. It is suggested that …

A Comparative Evaluation Of Listening Skills Of Hearing Impaired Preschool Children Treated By The Home Auditory Program, Utah Project Ski*Hi, 1972-75, Susan Gail Crant Carne

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The purpose of this paper was to evaluate the effectiveness of the Home Auditory Program of Project SKI*HI on the listening skills of its students during the years 1972-1975. The scores of two groups of children, as measured on the SKI*HI Listening Skills Scale were compared. The statistical evaluation indicated that: 1. Significant improvements in listening skills were demonstrated by one group of children during three to eleven months of treatment, and 2. The scores of this treated group were significantly superior to the non-treated group, despite a similarity in age and degree of hearing loss between the two groups. …

Shoshoni Conceptualizations Of Plant Relationships, Bryan Ray Spykerman

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Interviews were conducted with 10 Shoshoni-speaking people to investigate conceptualizations of plant relationships. A card-sort technique and informal questioning were employed in an attempt to elicit plant classifications and taxonomic relationships. Results indicate classifications are based on multiple criteria including morphology, cultural utilization, geographic setting and growth habit. A paradigm which postulates conceptualizations based on prototypic images fits the data better than the supposition that memory is composed of extensive taxonomic structures.

A Survey Of Archeological And Historical Resources Within The Bonneville Unit Of The Central Utah Project, Frank W. Hull, Craig W. Fuller

Elusive Documents

Four small archeological sites were found but were of insufficient significance to warrant their further study or preservation. Providing the enlargement of Deer Creek Reservoir represents the only alternative, a comprehensive study of the community and its historic resources has been recommended, especially as it relates to the use of land and water. In addition, study has been recommended of the settlement as it relates to the understanding of agricultural development in Utah.

Spanish Policy Concerning The Apaches In The Eighteenth Century With Emphasis On The Policy Of Bernardo De Galvez, Michael Guy Bishop

All Graduate Plan B and other Reports, Spring 1920 to Spring 2023

In 1785, two men came into important government positions in New Spain who had considerable influence on the Indian policies of the Spanish frontier. These men were Bernardo de Galvez and Jacobo Ugarte y Loyola. Both had proven their competence through earlier services to the crown. Galvez had come to the new world while still a relatively young man in 1769. Due to his own accomplishments, and the watchful eye of his uncle, Jose de Galvez, Bernardo advanced rapidly. He first served on the Louisi.ana frontier as a military officer, and in time rose to become governor of that province. …

Verbal Memory Of Preschool Indian And Non/Indian Headstart Children, Karen L. Swenson Carter

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The purpose of this study was to test the hypotheses l) there is a significant difference between scores of Head Start children on the Uintah and Ouray Indian Reservation in Utah and the norms of the Verbal Memory Test from the McCarthy Scales of Children's Abilities; 2) there will not be an association between being Indian or non-Indian; 3 ) there will be an association between teaching styles and the children's performance on the language test. The T test was used to analyze all of the data. The experimental sample scored lower, but not significantly lower than the standardized norms. …

The Effects Of Age And Socio-Economic Status On The Diagnosis And Educational Treatment Of Mildly Handicapping Conditions Of School Children, John W. Kelsey

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Biasing effects in labeling and recommendations for educational services when factors of socio-economic status and age are manipulated were studied using 50 certified school psychologists in Utah. Subjects received case report information about IQ, behavior and achievement which described a school child in need of services within one of four conditions, Age 7 Socioeconomic status (SES) High, Age 7 SES Low, Age 13 SES High, and Age 13 SES Low. Other potentially biasing variables such as ethnic background, and sex were held constant. No evidence of bias could be found when dependent measures of labeling, recommendations for educational services, and …

English-Vietnamese Translation: An Internship, Blaine L. Hart

Undergraduate Honors Capstone Projects

The art of translation lies in a literary limbo, subservient to the creativity and expressions of others. Yet in attempting to bridge two different languages and cultures, it entails unique problems as difficult as those encountered in any other literary activity.

The following is the report of a project carried out with the Translation Department of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints in the fall of 1975 as a senior Honors project in fulfillment of requirements for graduation from the Honors Program at U.S.U. Since this internship itself formed the bulk of my project, the following is presented …

Reading Abilities Of Third Grade Children As Influenced By Kindergarten Instruction, Diane Thomas

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Literature indicates that in past years a controversy has arisen as to the proper time and methods to begin the instruction of reading to young children. Most recent research indicates that authorities do not advocate formalized instruction by which whole classes or groups of children participate in a given program. However, recent literature also indicates a trend toward structured and formalized reading by public school teaching staff.

While there is a great deal of research in the area of early reading, the research is not definitive. Consequently, a need remains for definitive research that can help in answering questions about …

A Comparative Study Of Mother's Education And Early Child Rearing Practices In A Southwestern Indian Pueblo, Sherry D. Remund

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The problem on which this study focused was the need to determine the manner and degree to which pluralistic values of the greater American Society are influencing family life and child rearing patterns of a Southwestern Indian Pueblo, The Southwestern Pueblo is not named for reasons of anonymity. The intent of the study was to determine the degree to which Southwestern Pueblo mothers have been affected by their education in a non-Indian culture as related to child rearing practices in the pre-school years.

The study tests the hypothesis that there is no significant difference in the early child rearing practices …

Effects Of An Instructional Program On Concept Attainment Of Middle-Class Pre-Kindergarten Children, Joan Spencer Ross

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The objective of this study was to determine if a highly structured instructional program, as a supplement to a more traditional pre-school program would have an effect on the concept attainment of pre-school children. Two groups of eighteen pre-school children, enrolled in the Child Development Laboratory at Utah State University comprised the study sample.

The eighteen children in the experimental group received the instructional program, in addition to the Child Development Laboratory school experience. Standardized pre and post tests were administered to both the experimental and control groups. A standardized test, The Boehm Test of Basic Concepts, was utilized.

An …

A Comparison Of Extant Articulated English Programs With Current Articulated English Program At Bonneville High School, Utah, Wilford M. Hale

All Graduate Plan B and other Reports, Spring 1920 to Spring 2023

Throughout the decade of the sixties, teachers, administrators, curriculum writers and text book companies have all made vigorous attempts to redefine the teaching of English. Teachers have organized themselves on local, state, and national levels to concentrate their efforts and share their knowledge. In part they have been responsible for some of the current trends: better preparation of teachers, experimentation with new methods in the classroom, and more consistent evaluation of what is taking place in the classroom-what teachers teach and what students learn.

Intraregional Efficiency Of Production Decisions And Interregional Efficiency Of Input Use In Bolivian Agriculture, Stephen C. Hammond

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The main objectives of this study were to analyze the efficiency with which Bolivian farmers utilize productive resources as they combine them in crop production and to examine the possibility of interregional resource immobility in the production of agricultural products.

Bolivia was divided into seven distinct production regions called departments. A linear program maximizing model was generated for the major crops produced in each department. Land, labor, irrigation, and capital were the input coefficients used in the models. They produced a net return to management, land, and fixed costs associated with land. The linear program using these coefficients generated the …

The Use Of A Musical Tutoring Experience In A Compensatory Education Program, Margaret Burdge

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Language development of pre-school children was studied as it is related to a musical tutoring experience. Nine musical tutoring sessions, in addition to those of the regular curriculum, were given to the experimental group while the control group received no such tutoring experiences.

The experimental group, at the conclusion of the musical tutoring sessions, scored significantly higher than the control group when tested on the specific language concepts stressed in the tutoring sessions. Because the findings were significant the hypothesis stated as, " ... there will be a significant difference between the experimental group, which will have the supplemental music …

A Study Of Faculty And Administrators' Perceptions Of The Factors Affecting Salary Increases At Utah State University, Izar Antonio Martinez

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The purpose of this study was to determine if there were any differences in faculty members' and administrators' perceptions of those factors which should be influential and those factors which are actually accounted for in making decisions pertaining to salary increases at Utah State University.

The data for this study was collected from 55 administrators and 303 faculty members at Utah State University. A total of 21 factors, which were identified as being influential and/or determinants of faculty salary increases at Utah State University, were analyzed through the testing of four hypotheses using the chi square test for independence. The …

Complexive Ordering Of Reading Experience Through Grapheme-Phoneme Relative Frequency Control, Wesley K. Roberts

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

This dissertation develops a word bank based on a series of well defined filters. The basis of this system is grapheme-phoneme relative frequency control. The word bank is designed to be used in developing reading materials at varied degrees of difficulty.

Four short stories were edited as to their grapheme-phoneme relationships. Reading speed and reading comprehension were measured for each student on these stories. All students read a story in the original form and a story in the filtered version.

No difference in reading comprehension were found, but reading speed was significantly higher on three of four stories.

The Effects Of Direction Of Grouping, Type Of Stimuli, And Class Level On Cognitive Equivalence Transformations, Christopher A. Joseph

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The major purpose of this investigation was to study the structure, attributes, and supplemental aspects of equivalence classifying of words and pictures made by sixth graders, freshmen college students and junior and senior college students . A particular point of interest was whether or not increasing or decreasing the size of the groups results in different types of equivalence classifying. Other minor goals were to determine the effects of direction of grouping, type of stimuli, and class level on unique reasons produced and recall of stimuli.

The results of the study support the thesis that there is a cognitive developmental …

An Experiment Comparing The Relative Effectiveness Of A Linear And A Context Program In Teaching Some Selected Persian Words With Reference To The Persian Alphabet To English Speaking People, Batool Moghadam

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The purpose of this study was to test the relative effectiveness of a linear and a context program in teaching some selected Persian words to English speaking people.

A survey of the literature did not reveal studies closely related to the present study, but it revealed studies verifying the usefulness of programed instruction in general, and also some limited attempts made to set up programs for teaching Persian to Americans. There has been increasing attention by educators to programed instruction in the last fifteen years. The idea was also supported that there is a need in the United States for …

School Systems In Communist China (1949-1963), Ting Chih Lang

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to conduct historical research of the educational systems of the People's Republic of China during the period of 1949-1963. It is hoped that this study will help to clarify the Chinese Communist regime's approach to education and some of the problems encountered in its attempt to mold an educational system suitable for its economic and political need and purpose. More specifically, this study met the following objectives:

1. To know the picture of the school ladder.
2. To understand the deviation between actual practice and propaganda of Communist China's education.
3. To comprehend relationships between Party …

An Investigation Of Cluster Analysis, John C. Klingel

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Three cluster analysis programs were used to group the same 64 individuals, generated so as to represent eight populations of eight individuals each. Each individual had quantitative values for seven attributes. All eight populations shared a common attribute variance-covariance matrix.

The first program, from F. J. Rohlf's MINT package, implemented single linkage. Correlation was used as the basis for similarity. The results were not satisfactory, and the further use of correlation is in question.

The second program, MDISP, bases similarity on Euclidean distance. It was found to give excellent results, in that it clustered individuals into the exact populations from …