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Cell Polarity And Water Transport In Thyroid Epithelial Cells In Separated Follicles In Suspension Culture, Lucio Nitsch, Seymour H. Wollman

Scanning Microscopy

Separated thyroid follicles maintained in suspension culture can be used to study the properties of thyroid epithelium in the virtual absence of other cell types and to study the effect of extracellular materials on the follicles. They can be prepared by enzymatic separation of thyroid into single cells followed by reaggregation of the epithelial cells and also by collagenase treatment of thyroids to release follicles and sheets of epithelia that can be separated from other materials by differential filtration. The follicles can exist with normal orientation or inverted (inside out). The follicles are inverted in the presence of high serum …

Myogenesis In Vitro As Seen With The Scanning Electron Microscope, Y. Shimada, M. Komiyama, M. Shiozaki, Y. Isobe, S. Masuko

Scanning Microscopy

In this paper, we review our recent observations by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) on the differentiation of the cell surface and cytoplasmic organelles in embryonic chick skeletal muscle cells in vitro. The changes of the surface structures of myoblasts during mitosis were essentially similar to those of other cell types, but the characteristic spindle shape of myoblasts did not change throughout most of this period. Cytoskeletal structures under the sarcolemma were examined by Triton extraction and metal coating. Cells in S, G₂ and M possessed a dense, and those in G₁ a loose filament network under the …

The Effects Of Temperature Tempering And Transport Stress On Rainbow Trout (Salmo Gairdneri), Kevin Dee Christopherson

Biology

The effects of capture, handling, and the high fish density of transport were compared with the added stressor of a temperature change or a brief hypoxic period. Temperatures from 5°C to 19°C were tested on fish acclimated to 14°C. The effects of a 30 minute and 60 minute temper were compared with a sudden temperature change. Plasma osmolality, plasma chloride, plasma glucose and hematocrit, all responded to the handling and simulated transport. Numbers of circulating lymphocytes were greatly reduced and numbers of erythocytes increased. The mean corpuscular volume of the erythocytes also declined over a 24 hour period. Leucocrit, thrombocyte …

Resistance Frequency To Trichlorfon And Permethrin In Lygus Hesperus Knight (Hemiptera: Miridae) Populations Estimated By Bioassays, Electrophoresis, And Colorimetric Tests, Boubacar Hassane

Biology

Monitoring and early detection is critical to resistance management. Diagnostic tests such as colorimetric spot tests and electrophoresis are very efficient techniques in accurately distinguishing between resistant and susceptible individuals. All biological assays were conducted by simple contact exposure in vials containing different concentrations of trichlorfon and/or permethrin (0.01 to 30ug/vial). Vials used for control in bioassays were treated with acetone only. Synergist ratio (SR), percent synergism (%S) and log percent synergism (L%S) were calculated to determine synergism effects by four synergists: S, S, S-tributyl phosphorotrithioate (DEF), diethyl maleate (DEM), piperonyl butoxide (PB) and triphenyl phosphate (TP). DEF proved to …

Using Music In Teaching Social Skills To Mentally Retarded Subjects, Tamara Barron-Johnson

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The purpose of this study was to determine the extent to which Melodies to Assist Social Interaction (MASI) would affect the social skills performance of the educable mentally retarded.

The study employed a pretest-posttest control group design with an N of 27 mentally-retarded subjects. It also employed a one-group pretest-posttest design with an N of 8 non-mentally retarded subjects.

All of the subjects received a pre- and post-score for their social skills performance level. Nineteen of the mentally-retarded subjects and all eight non-mentally retarded subjects received the MASI social skills teaching program as part of their regular curriculum.

The pre- …

Ultrafiltration: Retentate-Permeate Partitioning Of Milk Constituents, Eric Douglas Bastian

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The effect of ultrafiltration, diafiltration, and preacidification of milk on the partition of specific milk components between retentate and permeate was studied. Percent retention (for any component Y) was determined as:

[1 - (%Y in soln. permeate/%Y in soln. retentate)] X 100 where %Y in soln. = [%Y / (%Y + %H₂O)]

Simultaneous samples of retentate and permeate were taken at several points during each process. Percent retention of total solids, fat, total protein, rennet clottable nitrogen, lactose, total calcium, ionic calcium, sodium, phosphorous, and riboflavin was determined at each sampling point. Percent retention of β-carotene, vitamin B …

Plasmid-Linked Maltose Utilization In Lactobacillus Spp. Isolated From Meat, Mei-Ling Liu

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Five strains of Lactobacillus plantarum and four strains of Lactobacillus species isolated from fresh meat were examined for the presence of plasmid DNA. All strains examined contained between one and five plasmids ranging in molecular mass from 1.3 to 51.6 (Mdal). Plasmid-curing experiments suggest that maltose utilization is associated with a 51 Mdal plasmid in Lactobacillus sp. DB29 and 42 Mdal plasmids in Lactobacillus spp. DB27, DB28, DB31. Southern blot DNA-DNA hybridization showed homology between the maltose plasmid from Lactobacillus sp. DB29 and several plasmids from the other Lactobacillus spp.

Fluoride Content In Home-Canned Fruits In Utah, Sydney Ann Mcdonald

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The purpose of this research was to determine whether or not canning fruit using fluoridated water made a difference in the fluoride contents of the juice and the pulp. Four cities in Utah were chosen. Two cities were fluoridated (Brigham City and Helper) and two cities were not fluoridated (North Ogden and Price). Three homes were chosen within each city, and three jars of canned fruit (one jar each of apricots, cherries, and peaches) were selected from each home. The fruit samples were freeze-dried, and then the fluoride was measured with a fluoride ion electrode. A difference was found in …

Effects Of Exercise And Cheese Supplemented Diet On Cholesterol And Lipoprotein Fractions In Free-Living Young Human Subjects, Kathleen A. Gabel

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Ten young adults were divided into an exercising group (n = 6) and sedentary group (n = 4). Smoking, ingestion of alcohol, drugs and oral contraceptives were prohibited during 9 weeks of study. Diets were prepared by university food service. Food consumed was recorded and nutrient intakes were assessed. Cheese was consumed in 84 to 112 gram portions every day for two separate 14 day periods. All other dairy products were prohibited in the diet except 240 ml of two percent milk per day. When cheese was consumed, daily diets contained ca 400 kcal, 100 mg cholesterol, and 700 mg …

Demographic And Professional Dimensions Of Child Care Providers, Carol Joan Armga

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The purpose of this investigation was to develop a demographic profile of current child care providers in 3 selected Western states. Further, this study sought to assess dimensions of professionally in the day to day activities of child care workers.

Utilizing a mailed questionnaire, 226 child care providers in Salt Lake City, Utah; Eugene, Oregon; and Boise, Idaho were surveyed for information on demographics and professional dimensions. Results suggest that the demographic profile created by a cross-sectional sample of child care providers differs markedly from a profile created by a sample based on professional affiliation. Statistical analyses suggest that education …

Attitudes Toward Seeking Financial Counseling: Instrument Development, Janeen Cook

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The purpose of this research was to establish the validity and reliability of the scores on an instrument which assesses attitudes toward seeking help for financial problems . Content, criterion-related, and construct validity and internal consistency reliability of the scores on the instrument were examined. The Hughes' conceptual model of the Family in Financial Crisis provided the theoretical basis for this study .

The sample size of this study was 510. The instrument evaluated was based on a scale developed by Rimm (1975) to assess attitudes toward seeking help for financial problems. Total scores on the 16-item instrument ranged from …

The Feasibility Of Artificial Insemination Of Dairy Cattle Managed By Fulani Tribesmen In Kaduna State, Nigeria, Christian Olafimihan Ojomo

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

This study sought to determine: (a) the essential elements of a viable artificial insemination program for the Fulani Tribesmen in Kaduna State, Nigeria, and (b) to determine if the essential elements of a viable artificial insemination program exist in Kaduna State, Nigeria.

This study was conducted from April 15 to May 15, 1985, in the Artificial Insemination (AI) Subcenters of Zaria, Katsina, Kabomo, Kaduna, Ikara, Zonkwa, Kurmin-Biri, and Kauranjuli.

The data presented in this study were collected by personal interviews with Fulani Tribesmen. The population of this study was from a partial list of Fulani Tribesmen who have had AI …

The Effect Of An Early Sensorimotor Intervention Program On The Development Of Infants With Perinatal Intraventricular Hemorrhage, Janet Millard

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Our current ability to identify and appropriately treat infants who are at risk for developing various handicapping conditions is limited. Thus, research aimed at developing early diagnostic techniques and differential intervention programs for infants at risk for handicaps needs further attention. The purpose of this study was to determine if infants who suffered perinatal intraventricular hemorrhage and who received routine medical care plus sensorimotor intervention between 3 and 12 months of age, differed from similar infants who received only routine medical care.

Twenty-four subjects (10 experimental and 14 control) who were patients in neonatal intensive care at University of Utah …

The Effects Of Reprimands And Work Observation With Pay Loss On The Maintenance And Generalization Of High-Quality Work By Developmentally Disabled Adults In Community Work Settings, Benjamin Lignugaris/Kraft

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The purpose of these studies was to examine the effects of reprimands, a mild disciplinary procedure, and work observation and pay loss, a severe disciplinary procedure on the maintenance of high-quality work among mild developmentally disabled individuals employed as housekeepers. In general, participants were more responsive to reprimands after work observation and pay loss was applied. In addition, the increased sensitivity to reprimands appeared to generalize to other work settings for one participant. While participants' work quality varied across conditions, their work rate was relatively stable. These results are discussed in terms of other research that examined the use of …

Pms: Bi-Phasic Differences In Personality And Marital Relations Among A Clinical Sample, Donna R. Rogers

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) is a controversial and widely misunderstood syndrome which encompasses mood, behavior, and physical symptoms that occur cyclically and are associated with the menstrual cycle. Many women report suffering from recurring PMS symptoms severe enough to create a temporary physical or mental incapacitation which may affect the marital relationship. A study was initiated to document bi-phasic personality and marital changes related to PMS.

This sample consisted of 119 adult females and their husbands, ranging in age between 18 and 60, who sought diagnosis and treatment at the Utah PMS Center in Salt Lake City, Utah. Within this clinical …

Parent-Adolescent Sexual Attitude Congruence In Relation To Adolescent Sexual Intercourse Experience, John Kelly Mccoy

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Survey data from 472 adolescents (ages 14-19) and their parents were analyzed to examine the relationship that existed between the premarital sexual attitudes of parents and the sexual behavior of their adolescents. The attitudes of the adolescents and their parents were measured using Likert type questions about sexual Intercourse prior to marriage. The sexual behavior of adolescents was based on the responses of the adolescents regarding their frequency of necking, petting, and sexual Intercourse. The relationship between adolescents' sexual behavior and parents' attitudes was examined using several different conceptual models. The amount of attitude agreement that mothers and fathers had …

Long-Term Effectiveness Of Educational Intervention On The Assertiveness, Self-Esteem, And Well-Being Of Displaced Homemakers, Marc F. Mathias

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The purpose of this study was to determine if educational intervention could cause a decrease in distress, and if so would this change last up to a year. The sample consisted of displaced homemakers from three Northern Utah counties enrolled in a seminar (educational intervention) to prepare for the development of employment skills. Pre-test, post-test and follow-up tests were given to measure the change in stress. The three measures used to determine the psychological preparation (a reduction in distress level) were assertiveness, self-esteem and well-being. It was concluded that the educational intervention did reduce the distress level and that the …

Food Practices And Ritual In The Family Across Three Generations, Audrey Crawford Liddil

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The overall purpose of this study was to assess family patterns in regard to food practices and family rituals that occur in all families. Specifically, four major purposes were considered in this study: (a) to learn more about generational food practices and how they are passed from one generation to the next, (b) to analyze demographic factors in relation to food related practices, (c) to understand the role of family ritual in family food practices, and (d) to learn how family food practices impact the dietary patterns for society at large.

The data were obtained in February am March of …

Comparative Study Of Elongated Chromosomes In Sheep And Goats And A Proposed Standard, Stephen H. Mensher

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

A cell synchronization technique was used that consistently yielded numerous elongated chromosomes, which are necessary for producing high-resolution G-banding. The prometaphase stage of contraction was determined to have the greatest utility for detailed comparative analysis and, therefore, was used in the preparation of the proposed standard high-resolution karyotypes and idiogram.

A proposed standard high-resolution G-band karyotype of the domestic sheep and goat is presented, along with a high-resolution G-band idiogram of the goat. The karyotypes presented contain considerably more bands than contemporary karyotypes and provide much greater resolution for linear differentiation. The X chromosome of the sheep is acrocentric, rather …

Economic Aspects Of Reproductive Problems In Utah And Southeastern Idaho Dairy Herds, Steve Lemrick

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

One hundred eighty-seven survey questionnaires asking for reproductive information for 1985 were sent to dairymen in Utah and Southeastern Idaho. Forty- two herds with current DHI information and whose owners or managers completed and returned the questionnaire were used to estimate economic losses due to reproductive problems, especially excessive days open, in Utah and Southeastern Idaho.

Average days open for herds surveyed were 122.4 days with a standard deviation of 22.6 days, and a range of 89 to 177 days. Several factors were significantly correlated with days open including services per conception, previous calving interval, and missed heats. Missed heats …

Effects Of Sire, Ration, And Interaction Of Sire With Ration On Reproductive Performance Of Holstein Dairy Cows, Jen-Hon Justin Chen

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

A study was conducted to analyze reproductive data gathered over a ten-year period at the Utah State University Dairy Farm. The study utilized 289 complete first lactations of Holstein cows, including 150 daughters of 10 sires in Trial I and 139 daughters of 8 sires in Trial II. One sire was used in both trials; this was sire 4 in Trial I and sire 18 in Trial II. The study measured ration, season, and sire effects and their interactions on the reproductive performances of dairy cows.

Reproductive traits analyzed were: days from calving to first estrus, days from calving to …

Nutritional Intake And Physical Activity Of An Adult Population With Diabetes Mellitus Using The Continuous Subcutaneous Insulin Infusion Pump, Teresa Jean Matheny

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

This study described three days of dietary intake, physical activity, and glycemic control in 14 female and eight male adult diabetics using Continuous Subcutaneous Insulin Infusion (CSII). Changes in weight after initiation of CSII were also described.

Dietary intakes were analyzed using the NUTREDFO computer program then compared to established standards. Both sexes had mean intakes of zinc, folate, vitamin B₆, and magnesium below the Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDA, 1980) for age and sex. Female consumption of iron and total calories consumed were also below recommendations. When dietary intakes were analyzed on a nutrient per 1,000 kcal basis …

Cholesterol-Lowering Of Pantethine Is Due To The Hydrolysis Product Cysteamine, Caran Graves

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Pantethine, a precursor of coenzyme A, has been shown to reduce serum cholesterol levels in hypercholesterolemic rabbits. The enzyme pantetheinase rapidly hydrolyzes pantethine to the vitamin pantothenic acid and the amino thiol cysteamine.

This study was designed to compare the effect of cysteamine and pantothenate supplementation with that of pantethine on hypercholesterolemic rabbits. New Zealand white rabbits were fed a 0.5% cholesterol diet for 5 weeks; treatment groups received only the high cholesterol diet (control), or a high cholesterol diet supplemented with 1% pantethine, or an equimolar amount of pantothenic acid or cystamine (the disulfide of cysteamine). Blood samples were …

Iron Bioavailability Of Meat:Bread Mixtures And Meat Loaves Fed To Anemic And Healthy Rats, Abdullah M. Thannoun

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

To study the effect of meat (beef) on dietary iron bioavailability from enriched white bread (EWB) or whole wheat bread (WWB), diets were prepared in which the ratios of beef iron to bread iron were 100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75 or 0:100. Hemoglobin regeneration efficiency (HRE), apparent iron absorption, and dry matter absorption were determined using weanling anemic and healthy male rats.

Meat iron was more available than EWB or WWB. Fortification iron in EWB was less available than the iron naturally present in WWB. At the iron dose given, HRE was similar for both anemic and healthy rats. Although healthy …

The Effect Of Ultrafiltration On Protein Quality Of Skimmilk And Cottage Cheese, Rita Y. Y. Tung

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Protein quality in freeze-dried skimmilk (SM), regular cottage cheese (RCC), retentate (Ret) and cottage cheese made from ultrafiltrated skimmilk (UFCC) were evaluated by chemical (amino acid score) and biological methods. Biological evaluation was at 5, 8 and 11% protein level in growing rats by measuring biological value (BV), net protein utilization (NPU) and nitrogen efficiency for growth (NEG) over a 14-day period. A 28-day protein efficiency ratio (PER) was determined on the same products at 10% protein level. Effects of added lactose on PER of retentate, regular and UFCC were also evaluated. The most limiting amino acids were cystine + …

Vitamin A Status, Anthropometric Measurements, And Food Practices Of Women Of Childbearing Age And Their Preschool Children In Northeast Brazil, Susan Ahlstrom Henderson

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Vitamin A nutrition status was evaluated in 110 pairs of women and their preschool children at rural health posts in two different ecological regions of Northeast Brazil. Serum retinol and carotene, weight, height, tricep skinfold and mid-arm circumference were measured from each mother and child. Nutrition knowledge of mothers, socioeconomic living conditions and consumption of retinol and carotene food sources were assessed.

Nine children (8 percent) and one mother had less than acceptable serum retinol (less than 20 μg/dl). Additionally, 21 percent of the children and six percent of the mothers had "low" serum carotene levels. Thirty-seven percent and 57 …

Sexual Orientation And Capacity For Intimacy, Sandra Lee Harshbarger

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Capacity for intimacy was examined as a function of sexual orientation. Sixty-six volunteers comprised four groups: heterosexual males, homosexual males, heterosexual females and homosexual females. Subjects' ages ranged from 19 to 61 and education levels ranged from 10 to 21 years of schooling. The four groups were comparable in terms of age, education level and general mental health.

Each volunteer responded to the following instruments: the Orlofsky Intimacy Interview (questionnaire format), the Yufit Intimacy-Isolation Questionnaire, the Rubin Like Scale, the Rubin Love Scale and the Gordon Personal Profile (used to assess general mental health) . Responses were compiled and analyzed …

The Effects Of A Pre-Therapy Client Orientation On Clients In Psychotherapy, Nels Sather

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The purpose of this research was to assess the effects of a pre-therapy client orientation on clients admitted to a mental health center. A secondary purpose was to develop an effective and brief audio-visual orientation that would positively influence clients in therapy. It was hypothesized that a pre-therapy orientation would significantly reduce client no shows and cancellations, increase client fee payment, increase client level of psychological functioning, and increase client satisfaction with mental health services. None of the four hypotheses was supported by the research. A questionnaire filled out by the therapists involved in the study, after the data were …

A Comprehensive Treatment Program For Abusive Parents: An Exploratory Study, Marvin Kim Marvel

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Estimates of the incidence of child abuse range from 200,000 to 500,000 (Light, 1973) to over one million children each year (O'Brien, 1980). Child abuse is a leading cause of childhood death and injury (Starr, 1979). Demographic studies (e.g., Steele & Pollock, 1968) suggest that parents who abuse their children were often abused or neglected themselves. Therefore, it is reasonable to expect that many of the present victims of abuse will become abusing parents in the future unless the cycle is broken. The need for effective interventions to reduce this pervasive social problem is obvious.

Academic Achievement Of Bereaved Children: Comparison With A Nonbereaved Population, Rebecca W. Valcarce

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The purpose of this research was to study the effects of bereavement on the academic achievement of secondary school students who had lost a parent through death by comparing them with students attending the same schools but who were living with both natural parents. The subjects in both groups were matched on pretest scores and demographic characteristics at the beginning of the study. Achievement posttest scores and overall high school grade point averages of both groups were compared using ANCOVA and multiple regression analyses. None of the analyses were found to be statistically significant, implying that academic achievement is not …